This coming Sunday, the Green Bay Packers will travel to Seattle to take on the Seahawks, battling it out on the gridiron for the NFC Championship. It’s sure to be an exciting game, and if this past season has taught us anything, it’s that the Green and Gold are a force to be reckoned with. With a stellar head coach, an indestructible defense and a powerhouse of an offense lead by the one and only Aaron Rodgers (*sigh*), the Packers hold a solid place in not only the standings, but in the hearts of people everywhere.
Growing up in the great state of Wisconsin, being a Packers’ fan was a birth right, an honor and a privilege. Wisconsinites like to say there are two seasons: Packer season and the off-season. Churches schedule their services around game time on Sundays, people walk around with cheese on their heads and fans think nothing of freezing their keesters on a -36 degree weather day when it means taking in a game at the Frozen Tundra aka mecca.
There are many teams in the NFL, many great and wonderful teams (or so I’ve heard.) But there is only one team that’s America’s team, and that team is the Green Bay Packers, my friends. Here are just some of the reasons why everyone should be a Packer’s fan.
1. Have any of the other teams in the NFL had a coach who was immortalized in a Broadway play based on his life? I think not. Vince Lombardi was just one of those few coaches (and human beings) who really knew how to build a team up. He was a leader, a visionary and a true icon in all senses of the word. Vince, you were and always will be the man!
2. The Packers are all about community. In fact, they are the only publicly-owned major sports franchise in the country. People invest in the Packers out of football love, not profit. I mean, how American is that?!
3. Speaking of community, the Packers have a tradition (one of many) where every summer during pre-season training, young fans line their bikes up across from Lambeau Field in the hopes that they will get to chauffer their favorite sport heroes into the stands. get the chance to give their favorite sports heroes a ride into the stadium for their pre-season practice. How cool is that?!
4. Tailgating is an art my friends, and no team or fan base knows how to do it better than the Packers.  At Lambeau Field, you can get a brat, a cold beer (or five) and a lively chorus of “Go Pack, Go!” while smooshed next to a guy wearing a large cheesehead and bright orange hunting overalls. You tell me what sounds like more fun.
5. Lambeau Field. The Fenway of football stadiums. The Grey Poupon of mustards. The Apple of all phones. Where a game isn’t just a game; it’s an experience. If you have never been to the frozen tundra, make it a point to plan a visit. Like, yesterday. The crowd, the food, the field and the overwhelming sense of being in the exact place where legends once stood, where legends are made is a pretty surreal feeling. Take it from personal experience, a game at Lambeau Field will never be forgotten.
7. Two words: Aaron Rodgers.
8. Two more words: Clay Matthews. #ThatHairThough
9. Oh, and let’s not forget the wicked chops (and dance moves) the defensive line has OFF the field. Pitch perfect indeed, fellas. 😉
This Sunday as the Green Bay Packers take the field in Seattle, be sure to don your finest Green and Gold, your cheesiest of hats, and cheer on with your bad self. After all , it is the American thing to do.
AARON RODGERS ASKED ME OUT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Had ya going there for a minute didn’t I? Man oh man how cool would that have been though?! I mean.
As you all may know, tomorrow is April 1st, aka April Fool’s Day, a widely celebrated holiday that encourages  people to pull pranks on their family, friends and co-workers. However, most  people are not familiar with the origin of this silly tradition.
Some claim the earliest recorded association to the holiday and all of its foolishness  can be found in one of my favorite classic bits of literature thanks to my high school Brit. Lit. teacher–shout out to Mr. Masanz—Chaucer’s  Canterbury Tales in 1392. However, most experts credit Pope Gregory XIII, who in the 1500s gave the world  the Gregorian calendar. You see, in 1562, the Gregorian  calendar moved the first day of the year from April 1 to January 1. Although  the New Year changed, it took a while for the word to spread and some town’s  people who were unaware of the change continued to celebrate the New Year on  April 1, making them the ‘April Fools’ because they were tricked by those in the  know.
Over the years, this foolish holiday made its way to the USA where it  became a national obsession.
Here’s a fun fat that I didn’t know: In countries like Canada, the U.K., South Africa, New Zealand and Australia,  tradition dictates that tricksters are allowed to prank people before noon. Any  foolishness done after 12 and the trickster is taunted and called an “April  Fool.” Other countries like Italy, Japan, France, South Korea, Russia, Germany,  Brazil, Ireland and the U.S. celebrate April Fools’ all day long. Huh. Who knew?
Even large companies get into the fun every once in a while. In 1998, Burger King  offered “the left-handed Whopper” (point for all the lefties out there, including moi!). According to the advertisement, the new whopper included the same ingredients as the original Whopper (lettuce, tomato, hamburger patty, etc.), but all the condiments were rotated 180 degrees for the benefit of their left-handed customers. The following day Burger King issued a follow-up release revealing that although the Left-Handed Whopper was a hoax, thousands of customers had gone into restaurants to request the new sandwich. Simultaneously, according to the press release, “many others requested their own ‘right handed’ version.” HAHAHAHA! And they say left-handed people are the dummies…right…  😉
And who could forget the time in 1996 when Taco Bell took out hilarious ads in major newspapers announcing that they had just purchased the Liberty Bell and renamed it the Taco Liberty  Bell. Classic.
I myself have been privy to pulling my own April Fools jokes/pranks in the past. When I was in fifth grade, I brought in Oreos for my class treat. Much to my classmates dismay, I had replaced all of the delicious white, creamy filling with minty toothpaste. The look on their faces when they took a bite and realized how abnormally refreshing and Colgatey the cookies were. Priceless. At least they had good breath afterwards.
Another prank I pulled was when I was in college. I took my roommate’s deodorant, screwed it all the way to the top, skimmed it off and replaced it with a little Philly Cream Cheese. Oh yes. I went there. You can imagine how delightful my poor roomie smelled as she walked the campus that glorious April day.
Now if you’ve got a hankering to pull an epic prank on a friend or loved one tomorrow and still have no idea what to do, I am here to help you. I skimmed and searched and racked my brain for some great ideas on how you can ‘fool’ like nobody’s business!
That’s Not Mine: Leave a gym bag lying around the office. Since no one will know who the bag belongs to, someone will open it. Inside, leave some embarrassing items (XXXL-sized underwear, Justin Beiber fan magazines, giant tube of hemorroid cream, etc.). Include a fake ID with your victim’s name prominently displayed.
Happy Day: On the morning of April Fool’s Day, go on Facebook and change your birthday to April 1st. Wait for all your friends to wish you a Happy Birthday, then laugh hysterically!
Got Milk? If your milk comes in a cardboard container, add a few drops of food  coloring. It’s harmless April Fool’s joke but the results are pretty colorful.
Spare Change: This April Fool’s practical joke is an oldie but a goodie and it still  works (proof of this? I was said fingernail breaker. Multiple times.) Superglue some coins to the sidewalk or any spot that has a lot of  people walking around. Make sure it’s an appropriate place, then watch  people break  fingernails to get the coins.
One size fits all: Stuff toilet paper or tissues or whatever into the toe part of someone’s shoes  so they have trouble getting their feet in.
Who will bug out? Put a plastic or rubber roach/spider/creepy crawly thing in someones shoe and see just how loud they scream (people from space could probably hear me!)
Drawer Confusion: Rearrange your spouse’s/girlfriend’s/boyfriend’s/roommate’s/parent’s/sibling’s drawers to make them wonder if they’re still asleep.
Alarming Alarm Clock: Set someone’s alarm clock an hour early. Or set a bunch of clocks to go off at the same time, and hide them around the room for a noisy, and very annoying, wake-up call.
And I will leave you with the sweetest of all pranks…
Hot Potato: Baked potato sundaes? Looks can be deceiving — with this trick, what appears to be a loaded baked potato is really a sweet ice cream treat!
Happy April Fooling, everybody! But remember. Play nice. It kind of takes the fun out of it when someone ends up in the ER. And let me know how it goes!
Question of the Day: What is the best prank you ever pulled? Was pulled on you?


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Cellared Cellared Menu Skip to content Home About Eldridge Estate Gamay 2011 July 9, 2016 / Alex Prichard Leave a comment The facts Gamay from Eldridge Estate on Victoria’s Mornington Peninsula. Purchased at auction for silly cheap. The current release (2014) is sold out but was $40. Closure: screwcap. Alcohol: 13% abv. The waffle It’s probably been well established that I love buying wine at auction. On the one hand, it is fraught with danger but if you can handle disappointment, it is also a great way of trying new producers. I’m on a good run at the moment – after my discovery of Mayford, I’m pleased to report that this wine from Eldridge Estate (not to be confused with Eldredge in Clare …) over delivers and gives me another winery to keep an eye out for. Gamay is the grape of Beaujolais and it is not often found in Australia (Wine Grapes says around 20 producers). Generally accepted wisdom is that the wines it produces are mostly best drunk young – so a 2011 from an unknown producer required a small leap of faith on my part. If you are familiar with Beaujolais, this wine is much more in line with one of the cru wines, than the entry level Beaujolais or Beaujolais-Villages (not that there is anything wrong with either of those). If you’ve never tried Gamay before, I recommend finding a bottle of the Georges Duboeuf Beaujolais-Villages, which you should be able to find at around the $20 mark. These wines are more red fruit focussed than today’s wine, but they are a very solid and reliable introduction to both variety and style. Elsewhere, you will find small amounts of Gamay grown in cooler climate areas, such as Germany, England, Switzerland, Oregon and Canada. The wine Very pale and definitely garnet in colour. On day 2 the nose is not looking quite as attractive as day 1 – but it is still pronounced, black cherry, some tobacco, leather, a touch of anise and black olive. The palate is less fruit forward – there is some stalkiness which I personally find quite attractive – and it’s backed up with some black cherry and cassis. There’s good acidity and tannins are, as expected, very soft. It doesn’t look as good on day 2 as it did on day 1 (hmmm, perhaps I should have been more forthcoming in sharing with Andy yesterday …) but I will most definitely be on the look-out for more wines from this producer and more Australian (nay, even Victorian!) Gamay in general. Posted in mornington peninsula / Tagged eldridge estate, gamay Deviation Road Pinot Noir 2013 May 31, 2016 / Alex Prichard Leave a comment The facts Pinot Noir from the Adelaide Hills, produced by Deviation Road. Sample. Retails at $45. Full disclosure – I also sell this wine. Closure: screwcap. Alcohol: 13.5% abv. The waffle None. This is good wine! You need no excuses to drink it! The wine Tasting note written on day 2. Pale and almost garnet in the glass. The nose is actually reasonably pronounced. It’s very perfumed – there’s a definite breeze of fresh rose petals – and then fresh red berry fruit, in particular strawberries and raspberries. On the palate, plenty of fresh red berry fruit – it’s juicy and luscious. The tannins are fine and velvety and there’s good acidity too so it feels beautifully structured. There’s a touch of perfume here too and in the mouth the wine develops a subtle savoury edge. Excellent length. Posted in adelaide hills / Tagged adelaide hills, deviation road, pinot noir Crabtree Watervale Riesling 2001 May 20, 2016 / Alex Prichard Leave a comment The facts Watervale Riesling from Crabtree. Purchased at auction Closure: cork Alcohol: 12.0% abv The waffle None – because it’s been so long since I posted. But nonetheless – shame this wine wasn’t under screw cap … The wine In the glass, a really quite intense gold. If you didn’t know better you might think it a dessert wine. The nose is quite pronounced and has more than a touch of sherry about it. I was a bit worried at first – but there’s a touch of toast and honey that comes through and a fine line of citrus, so I held my breath (metaphorically) and took a taste. On the palate – toast, honey and grapefruit and even lemon sherbert, and a really pleasing pithy character. The acidity is lithe and persistent, pulling all those flavours along with it. The wine has a really nice textural quality. It is showing a touch of (what I suspect to be) oxidation but not enough to annoy more or prevent me from enjoying this wine. Coming from Watervale, it goes without saying this wine is bone dry and rather steely in character. Yet again, proof that Riesling ages splendidly. It might be an acquired taste but it’s a taste worth acquiring. And one that your wallet will thank you for. Posted in watervale / Tagged crabtree, riesling, watervale Mayford Porepunkah Shiraz 2009 April 17, 2016 / Alex Prichard Leave a comment The facts Shiraz from Victoria’s Alpine Valleys, by Mayford Wines. Purchased at auction, not readily available (current release is $40). Closure: cork. Alcohol: 14% abv. The waffle I bought this wine knowing nothing about either Mayford or Porepunkah. The price was right and it had some good reviews. I still know next to nothing – although I am at least now across the fact that Porepunkah is in the Alpine region of Victoria. Near Bright. Which is near Mt Hotham. And I like skiing. This bodes well as I have a weakness for cool climate Shiraz. The wine Tasting note written on day 2. In the glass, super intense. If a wine could be pitch black this would be it. It’s a youthful dense cross between ruby and purple. The nose is pretty pronounced. Fresh black fruit, black olives, peppery spice and even some licorice and fresh tobacco. All that black fruit is on the palate, blackberry jubes, peppery spice, just like the nose. It’s full and weighty and structure is amply provided by acidity and fine tannins. This is absolutely delicious with plenty of life left in it. If I had case loads I’d be gobbling them up though because that’s just how I am. The current vintage of this wine looks to retail for about $40 and if it looks anything like the 2009, it’s money well spent. I see plenty more Mayford and Alpine Valleys Shiraz in my future. Posted in Alpine Valleys / Tagged mayford, porepunkah, shiraz Tim Gramp Basket Pressed Cabernet Sauvignon 2013 April 7, 2016April 8, 2016 / Alex Prichard Leave a comment The facts Watervale Cabernet Sauvignon from Tim Gramp. Purchased at the cellar door, $23. Closure: screwcap. Alcohol: 14.5% abv. The waffle I bought this wine at the cellar door when we were up in Clare for the Gourmet Weekend last year. I spent the Saturday ‘working’ and Andy & I stayed overnight, allowing us a leisurely drive home on the Sunday. My first pro tip is that if you’re heading to the Gourmet Weekend this year, you probably should have already booked your accommodation. Definitely don’t leave it til a week or so before! I’m not a huge fan of crowds when I’m trying to taste wine so on the Sunday morning, after breakfast, we decided to seek out a winery that wasn’t participating in the main activities. I’d first visited Tim Gramp when I was in uni and a bottle of Riesling purchased then was one of the (sadly few) wines that survived my nine year sojourn in the UK. I have a soft spot for these wines so I was happy when we arrive at the cellar door about 10 minutes before opening and the crowds well and truly elsewhere. The Riesling was sold out but the reds were impressive – we tasted the Tempranillo, Cabernet Sauvignon and Shiraz (no Grenache on tasting, if I recall correctly). We bought a mixed case. I suspect it’s all more or less drunk. The combination of price point and quality is compelling. The wine In the glass, its colour is intense and incredibly youthful. While not purple, its dense ruby is definitely on the purple side! The nose is pretty pronounced but doesn’t have the overt cassis which you’d commonly associate with Cab Sav. There’s black berry fruit along with leafy, stalky characters. There’s licorice too. The palate shows an abundance of juicy black fruit and is much more blackcurrant-y than the nose. There’s good acidity, the tannins are definitely there but they’re not brutal and lovely length. The wine rounds off with a delicious hint of vanilla. Despite the high alcohol, it’s well integrated and doesn’t stand out at all. It’s delicious! Posted in watervale / Tagged cabernet sauvignon, tim gramp Arrivo Nebbiolo 2006 April 1, 2016 / Alex Prichard Leave a comment Arrivo Nebbiolo 2006 The facts Adelaide Hills Nebbiolo from Arrivo Purchased at auction, not readily available Closure: screwcap Alcohol: 14.5% abv The waffle I’ve been in love with Arrivo Nebbiolos since first tasting them at a wine tasting shortly after we returned to Australia. Nebbiolo can be challenging to drink (all those tannins!) and to make. It’s rarely cheap. The wine (Tasting note written on the second day) Pale and garnet-brown in the glass. Think washed out red-brown bricks. The nose is not particularly pronounced and there is very little in the way of fresh fruit (there’s a surprise). Rather, things are all about fresh and dried tobacco. It’s very savoury – there’s some cedar too – but there is a touch of dried rose petals too. The palate is also savoury and the tannins have softened to being pleasantly chewy. Acidity is good and the wine has decent length although there’s not a lot in the way of development. I’m really conflicted by this wine. I’ve been lucky enough to try various vintages of both this and its serious older sibling, the Lunga Macerazione, in the past and unreservedly loved them. Halliday, on tasting this wine in 2014, raved about it and put a ‘drink by 2020’ on it. And I got this out of the cellar to celebrate a special occasion. And yet … I’m not in love. In my mind, did I big it up way too much? Undoubtedly. Having bought at auction I can’t be 100% confident that it’s spent its life stored perfectly. And not having had the luxury of tasting the same vintage year in year out, I can’t be sure that it’s not just hit a bit of a flat spot. Will this stop me buying these wines? God no. Next time, I’ll ensure I come to the wine with no preconceptions and no expectations and I’ll probably be blown away! Posted in adelaide hills / Tagged arrivo, nebbiolo Yalumba The Scribbler 2012 March 24, 2016 / Alex Prichard Leave a comment Yalumba The Scribbler The Facts Barossa Valley Cabernet Sauvignon (54%) & Shiraz (46%) from Yalumba. Sample RRP $22 Closure: screwcap Alcohol: 13.5% The Waffle Oh, there is none. Finally some cool weather in Adelaide so finally I want to drink some red wine! The Wine In the glass, moderately intense and sitting somewhere between purple and ruby in colour. The nose is reasonably pronounced with lots of mostly black berry fruit: blackberries and cassis. There’s a touch of something minty and stalky which gives it some extra interest. There is a bit of warmth showing too. In the mouth, lots of juicy black fruit with some good acidity and some well structured tannins. The length isn’t bad either but there is some warmth from the alcohol. The flavour profile is a little too straightforward for me to get overly excited about so I’m unlikely to rush out and buy a case. Having said that, I’d consider ordering a glass from a wine list or, indeed a whole bottle if it was a big table. This is absolutely a wine that will have very broad appeal – and rightly so. Posted in barossa valley / Tagged cabernet sauvignon, shiraz, yalumba Pewsey Vale The Contours Riesling 2010 March 16, 2016March 16, 2016 / Alex Prichard Leave a comment The Facts Eden Valley Riesling from Pewsey Vale Sample RRP $34 Closure: screwcap Alcohol: 12.5% Release date: 1 Sept 2015 The waffle Right – after a brief flutter with regular posting, I lapsed back in to old, poor habits. So I’ve decided the only thing I can do is write a blog post as I write a tasting note. This might mean greater brevity but maybe less waffle is no bad thing. In fact, I suspect fewer words and more posts will be a good thing. This wine has been in the wine fridge for a while – you’ll note I received it as a pre-release sample – but it is released with five years bottle ageing. As someone who loves Riesling with age (I just added a 2001 wine to my ‘to drink’ list) I approach this wine with those biases well and truly intact. The wine In the glass the wine is starting to show a little gold but it still looks young and fresh. The nose is reasonably pronounced and shows plenty of the rich kero character for which aged Riesling is renowned. There’s toast, honey and lime too. The palate is a little more austere – acidity is vibrant and persistent and it shows lots of lime topped off with lemon curd with a medium-light mouthfeel. There’s a touch of honey about it – something I can’t quite put my finger on but along the lines of honey on slightly burnt toast. The palate is really dominated by the citrus and the length is excellent. The acidity really pulls on the flavours of the wine and draws them out so it does evolve in your mouth. The finish also has a really interesting textural element – somewhere between (the over-used) minerality and lemon pith. Of course, there is no need to drink this wine in a hurry. Store it correctly for another 5 or 10 years and if you love aged Riesling you’ll most likely be rewarded. It’s a sad fact that if you wait 5 years you may well be able to pick this wine up for a song at auction. Posted in Eden Valley / Tagged pewsey vale, riesling Honey Moon Vineyard Rose Brut 2011 December 31, 2015March 5, 2016 / Alex Prichard Leave a comment wine cat approves I promised you some more bubbles before the new year kicked in and I’m only just managing to squeeze this in. Appalling form but I suppose that at this time of year it’s to be expected (unless I were one of those people who wrote blog posts months in advance and scheduled them all … maybe one day!). A few weeks back we were out for dinner vaguely near Belair Fine Wines when Andy suggested we drop in to have a look. While having a little wander, my eyes lighted on these Honey Moon bubbles. I am a HUGE fan of the Honey Moon Shiraz and Pinot Noir so I was keen to try this out. The Honey Moon wines aren’t cheap – they all (bar the still rosé) seem to hover between $40 and $50 so you may need to save them for special occasions. When it comes to bubbles, in my opinion, ‘special occasion’ is generally ‘day with a “y” in it’! After the experience of both this and another rosé sparkling, I really think these are wines I am going to have to drink more often because I’ve really enjoyed them, perhaps a little bit above and beyond white bubbles. This wine is predominantly Pinot Noir – just 13% Chardonnay. The wine is also disgorged on demand – on the side of the bottle it notes that it was disgorged for Belair Fine Wines in September 2014. The theory is that while the wine rests on the yeast lees it remains fresh, vibrant and young and takes on aged characteristics much more slowly Once disgorged, the ‘regular’ sparkling wine ageing process kicks in. Indeed, Bollinger, one of Champagne’s well-known houses, has trademarked ‘RD’ (neatly, ‘recently disgorged’ in English but really ‘récemment dégorgé’ in French), which it uses on one of its (more) premium wines. Another good thing about this wine is that it arrives in your hands topped with a crown seal. You won’t have to spend time messing with the muselet and lacerating your hands and then breaking the Ming vases when the cork explodes out. Just locate the bottle opener and you’re good to go. I really wish that more sparkling wine came under crown seal – after all, it is what most of these wines are sealed with while they’re ageing, AND it’s easy to open. So – ticks all round for this wine. If you can find it – it’s definitely worth investing in. The wine Salmon pink in colour, with a reasonably pronounced nose showing strawberries and cream, a hint of talciness and citrus. On the palate, the mousse is incredibly fine and mouth filling. The citrus character is a little more dominant and I suspect it is beefed up by the wine’s excellent, and very persistent, acidity. But this wine is all about strawberries and cream and mixed red berries. Delicious. Honey Moon Vineyard Rosé Brut, purchased from Belair Fine Wines for $45 Crown seal. 12.5% abv. Posted in adelaide hills / Tagged chardonnay, honey moon, pinot noir, rose, sparkling Jansz Vintage Cuvee 2010 December 16, 2015March 5, 2016 / Alex Prichard Leave a comment After doing a relatively good job of keeping up weekly posts I’ve dropped into an unplanned hiatus. I blame (in part) the fact that some contractors near home cut through a big chunk of telecommunications cable, leaving us without phone or internet for over a week. Of course, if you’re kind that excuses just one week (sort of) … Anyway, ’tis the season to be jolly and drink bubbly so I’ve got a couple of sparkling reviews lined up for you. I’ve decided to start with this, the Jansz Vintage Cuvée 2010, in part because it was a sample and I do try to review samples promptly but also because Jansz’s NV offering is such a well known wine. I suspect many people will not even be aware of the other wines in this range. You may be aware that a vintage sparkling wine (or Champagne) is made from grapes from a single vintage (that is, the grapes are all picked in one year, the year that appears on the bottle). This means that you should see variation in the wine between one vintage and the next (whereas with a non-vintage – NV – wine it is likely to follow a consistent house style). Vintage wines are often (necessarily) made in smaller quantities and this is reflected in their price. Indeed, in France, Champagne producers are obliged to age the wines for longer so this increases the price further. This wine has had four and a half years ageing on the yeast lees so you should see plenty of yeast character in the wine. It is 51% Pinot Noir and 49% Chardonnay. The wine Pale gold in the glass, the nose is quite pronounced and shows apple and citrus, some smoke and spice and even verges towards a talcy character. There are, unsurprisingly, yeasty notes. In the mouth, the mousse is beautifully fine and mouth-filling – straight away you feel like you’ve got a mouth full of teensy-tiny bubbles. The wine is very apple-y, with green apple skin but also some good yeast and brioche characters. The acidity is good (always essential in sparkling wine – it’s what makes it refreshing!) and the wine has good length. This wine is lovely and would work really well with seafood – think oysters, scallops, prawns – fresh and not messed with too much! For me the highlights were the lovely mouthfeel – the explosion of fine bubbles – and the extra complexity. Definitely a step up in the sparkling wine stakes and if you’re going to splash out over Christmas then this is worth a look. While the RRP is $46.95 the chances are that if you do some research you will find it more cheaply. I spotted it at under $40 – a very compelling price point. And props to the marketing people for the “méthode tasmanoise” strapline! Jansz Vintage Cuvée 2010, sample. RRP $46.95. Cork (standard sparkling wine closure). 12.5% abv. Posted in tasmania / Tagged chardonnay, jansz, pinot noir, sparkling Posts navigation ← Older posts Search for: Recent Posts Eldridge Estate Gamay 2011 Deviation Road Pinot Noir 2013 Crabtree Watervale Riesling 2001 Mayford Porepunkah Shiraz 2009 Tim Gramp Basket Pressed Cabernet Sauvignon 2013 Categories adelaide hills Alpine Valleys australia austria barossa valley beer California clare valley coal river valley Columbia Valley comment cornas Eden Valley france great southern Hilltops italy kamptal king valley loire margaret river marlborough mclaren vale mornington peninsula New South Wales new zealand northern rhone Padthaway piedmont Portugal pyrenees rias baixas riverland sancerre sicily Sonoma south australia spain sparkling strathbogie ranges tasmania Uncategorized Uruguay US veneto victoria Vinho Verde Washington watervale western australia yarra valley Proudly powered by WordPress | Theme: glammy by pankogut.
Domain Name: CELLARED.COM Registrar URL: http://www.godaddy.com Registrant Name: Andy Murdoch Registrant Organization: Name Server: NS1.MAINNAMESERVER.COM Name Server: NS2.MAINNAMESERVER.COM DNSSEC: unsigned For complete domain details go to: http://who.godaddy.com/whoischeck.aspx?domain=CELLARED.COM The data contained in GoDaddy.com, LLC's WhoIs database, while believed by the company to be reliable, is provided "as is" with no guarantee or warranties regarding its accuracy. This information is provided for the sole purpose of assisting you in obtaining information about domain name registration records. Any use of this data for any other purpose is expressly forbidden without the prior written permission of GoDaddy.com, LLC. By submitting an inquiry, you agree to these terms of usage and limitations of warranty. In particular, you agree not to use this data to allow, enable, or otherwise make possible, dissemination or collection of this data, in part or in its entirety, for any purpose, such as the transmission of unsolicited advertising and and solicitations of any kind, including spam. You further agree not to use this data to enable high volume, automated or robotic electronic processes designed to collect or compile this data for any purpose, including mining this data for your own personal or commercial purposes. Please note: the registrant of the domain name is specified in the "registrant" section. In most cases, GoDaddy.com, LLC is not the registrant of domain names listed in this database


Agricultural residues from food industries are an important raw material involved in bioethanol production. Traditionally, residual juice, molasses and pomace from sugarcane, agave and sugar beet have been widely used in South America for obtaining distilled beverages such us cachaça, tequila and rum. The distillation process is used to isolate, select and concentrate pleasant volatile compounds from the previously fermented liquids and concentrate the alcohol content. Additionally, certain long esters from yeast cells are extracted by distillation and transferred to the final product [1].
Microbial communities from these raw materials and their fermented and distillate beverages not only are interesting due to their role in the aroma production, but their biodiversity and other biotechnological properties are also important. Yeast populations from these ecosystems have not been studied very much, and any studies on them have normally been focused on tequila [2, 3, 4, 5], rum [6] and cachaça beverages [7, 8, 9, 10].
Yeasts are able to spread from diverse niches to many environments, especially in the vegetable world [11]. Crops and processing plants provide a good niche for yeast growth. In fact, grape crops, musts and wines have been thoroughly studied [12, 13, 14], although distillate products and their industry have not been analyzed in Spain in spite of the fact that it is believed to be a new environment for yeast biodiversity study and its biotechnological applications.
In recent years, Spain has been established as the vineyard of the world, presenting the largest surface area (13%) dedicated to this crop [15]. The wine industry is an important sector in Spain which grew considerably throughout 2018. The number of cellars has increased by 6.8% with wine production also increasing (26%) and current production being 40.9 million hectolitres.
Castilla-La Mancha is the world’s largest vine-growing region with an annual wine production of around 17 million hectolitres in the 2017–2018 vintage, which accounted for nearly 50% of the total Spanish production. Part of this large production is derived from the distillery industry; in the last year, nearly 250,000 hectolitres were transformed into alcoholic derivatives (16). There is a total of 33 authorized distilleries for wine by-product distillation, 13 of which are located in the La Mancha region. These industries process not only wine but also sweet grape pomaces and its fermented products, obtaining around 4–4.5 million hectolitres [16].
Wine production generates around 600,000 tons of grape derivatives annually such as fermented red skins, which still contain reducing sugars and ethanol, and sweet pomace (from white wine vinification). These by-products, as well as yeast lees and flocculated yeasts, are transported to distilleries where the ethanol is extracted. As Figure 1 shows, sweet pomaces are mixed and stored for 10–15 days, starting a spontaneous fermentation process. Then, pomace and grape skins are washed with water at 50°C in a heat diffusion system in order to extract the residual sugars and ethanol. After that, a liquid is obtained which is a mixture of alcohol (3–4%) (V/V), water and sugar and is called fermented or sweet piquette. On the other hand, a liquid is drained during the storage of solid organic waste which is mixed with the piquette and fermented for 2–3 days in a stainless-steel container, obtaining a higher alcohol content (4–5% V/V). Finally, red fermented skins are washed at a lower temperature with the aim of extracting the residual ethanol [17, 18].
Flowchart that shows all the steps involved in alcohol production from skin, lees and pomace.
The fermented piquettes and the drained liquid are distilled, producing a 93% (V/V) alcohol content product. Then, a dehydration process is carried out until the ethanol concentration of 99.9% is reached. This is mainly used in gasoline as an anti-detonating additive. Residues from distillation can be used as solid fuel (solid residue or “bagasse”) or as fertilizer (liquid residue or “vinasse”) [17].
Spontaneous fermentations during this last process are produced by non-Saccharomycesand Saccharomycesbiota present in the environment whose biodiversity has not been widely studied [19].
The lack of information about yeast ecology in this habitat and, more specifically, in this territory has prompted the aim of this research.
Six of the largest distilleries in Europe, which are at least 100 years old and are found in the towns of Argamasilla de Alba (A), Campo de Criptana (B), Madridejos (C), Villarrobledo (D), Daimiel (E) and Tomelloso (F) in the La Mancha region (Figure 2), were selected to carry out the study. La Mancha is the principal area for the production of bioethanol and distillates in Spain.
Location of the distilleries included in this research in the La Mancha region (Spain).
A total of 47 samples were randomly collected from sweet piquettes [20], fermented piquettes [19], flocculated lees [7] and plant oil [1] throughout the pomace-based ethanol production process, and they were transported to the laboratory under aseptic and refrigerated conditions.
Samples and/or their dilutions were spread on YPD agar pl; chloramphenicol and sodium propionate were added to inhibit bacteria and mold growth, respectively. Plates were incubated at 28°C/72 hours. Then, samples displaying fewer than 30 colonies were centrifuged to concentrate the cells, and the pellet was directly spread on YPD agar. Plates with sufficiently separated colonies were replicated onto lysine agar medium (Oxoid, Basingstoke, UK) to distinguish between Saccharomycessp. and non-Saccharomycessp.
The isolates were obtained from 19 samples. A sample was not taken from distillery F, which is possibly due to the hot washing of the skins which would drastically decrease the number of cells.
A total of 210 purified isolates were obtained, 144 Saccharomycesand 66 non-Saccharomyces, and were stored in 15% glycerol at −80°C until they were studied.
Saccharomycesspp. yeasts were the predominant profile in all distillery plants. However, the number of non-Saccharomycesspecies varied between distilleries.
Genetic species identification was done, by amplifying the 5.8S rRNA gene using ITS1 and ITS4 [20]. Amplified products were digested (37°C for 7 h) with the three restriction endonucleases HinfI, HaeIII and CfoI.
Both l with GelGreen™ (Biotium), and the results were visualized using a GeneFlash documentation system. For those isolates that could not be identified by PCR-RFLP analysis, the region D1/D2 from the domain 26D rRNA gene was sequenced using NL1 and NL4 primers. If any variation existed due to the action of the NL4 primer, LR6, NL3A and NL2A primers were used as alternatives. Finally, for those samples in which the percentage of identity at species level was less than 99%, the ITS region was sequenced using ITS1 and ITS4 primers [17]. In Table 1 all isolates are shown, classified at the species level with 99% similarity and the NCBI accession number obtained. A percentage of similarity lower than 99% was obtained with isolates 23, 33, 48 and 62 using the primers NL1/NL4. Sequencing of the 5.8S rRNA + ITS region confirmed this with a similarity of 99%.
Yeast isolates identified in the different distilleries studied and accession number (NCBI).
Technique that allowed identification: (a) NL1/NL4 primers; (b) NL2A/LR6 and NL2A/NL3A primers; (c) PCR-RFLP; (d) 1.8S–5.8S rRNA region sequence (ITS1/ITS4 primers).
Non-Saccharomycesyeasts were mainly distributed in sweet piquettes (45.5%) without ethanol, 43.3% were found in fermented piquettes, where the ethanol concentration varied between 4% and 5% (v/v). Finally, 18.2% and 3% were isolated from plant soil and sedimented yeast lees, respectively (Figure 3).
Percentage of yeast species isolated in sweet and fermented piquettes, lees and plant soil.
As can be observed in Figure 4, non-Saccharomycesyeasts were more present in plant C (14%) and in plant D (47%) due to the difference in the age of the distilleries and the specific elaboration process followed.
Distribution of genus (4a) and species (4b) in distilleries studied.
The 66 isolates were cataloged as 8 genera and 20 species, which belonged mainly to the genera Pichia(38.0%), Candida(22.7%), Hanseniaspora(18.2%) and Torulaspora(10.6%). The remaining 10% belonged to Zygosaccharomyces, Lachancea, Ogataeaand Saccharomycodes.
There were four predominant species that were identified as Pichia galeiformis, Torulaspora delbrueckii, Hanseniaspora osmophilaand Candida lactis-condensi. All these results showed that a considerable diversity exists in this environment, unlike in grape must fermentations [21].
With regard to the substrata of isolation (Figure 3), T. delbrueckii, H. osmophila, P. kudriavzevii, C. lactis-condensiand P. anomalawere isolated from sweet piquettes, while P. galeiformisand C. ethanolicawere found in fermented piquettes, from which other species, such us S’codes ludwigii, P. bimundalis, Zygosaccharomyces bailiiand C. sake, were also isolated but at a very low percentage. Only two species, L. thermotoleransand T. delbrueckii, were found equally frequently in both sweet and fermented piquettes. Having analysed all these results, a large biodiversity of yeasts was found in the studied substrata, as was documented for grape marc by Bovo et al. [22, 23].
On the other hand, the distribution of genera (Figure 4a) and species (Figure 4b) in the studied distilleries was also analysed. Candidaand Pichiagenera were found in almost all of them, and Torulasporaand Hanseniasporawere found in three of the five plants in which yeasts were isolated. P. galeiformis, P. kudriavzevii, T. delbrueckiiand H. osmophilawere the species identified in most of the ethanol plants, with plant A being the only one where no major species were found, which contrasts with the results for the other plants (Figure 4b).
The presence of Candidaspecies (C. sake, C. sorbosa, C. stellata, C. guilliermondii, C. karawaiewiiand C. citrea), P. membranaefaciens, P. guilliermondii, K. marxianusand large Saccharomycesspp. populations has been previously documented in Brazilian distilleries [7, 8]. These results confirmed that the yeast profiles in the distilleries of the two regions are very different and it is evident that the Spanish industry is an interesting yeast niche. Additionally, some of these genera and species were also found by Amaya-Delgado et al. [5] and Lappe-Oliveras et al. [4] in tequila and agave beverages.
For Saccharomycesisolate characterization, a PCR-RFLP analysis was done, and the results showed that 95% of the isolates belonged to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, while only 3% and 2%, respectively, were identified as S. paradoxusand S. bayanus.
However, to discriminate isolate samples within the Saccharomycessensu stricto group, a mitochondrial DNA restriction analysis [13] was carried out by digestion with the restriction endonuclease enzyme HinfI
The Saccharomycesisolates were clustered in 105 different mtDNA patterns (Table 2), reflecting a variability of nearly 73% which is very high if it is compared to their variety in cellars [24, 25, 26].
Distribution of Saccharomycesisolates and strains in sweet and fermented piquettes and lees at the ethanol plants studied.
Genetic patterns which involved at least 20% of the isolates were named as the “majority profile”. At plants A and C, two majority profiles were characterized; at B and D, there was only one; and none was found at plant E. In addition, sweet and fermented piquettes were the substrata from which the most profiles were identified. Although patterns tended to be typical of each plant, the majority profiles accounted for 57% of the isolates at plant B and 33% and 30% at plants C and A, respectively.
Fermented piquettes presented the greatest degree of Saccharomycesvariability, although several strains coexisted in both lees and sweet piquettes.
Fermentation of carbon compounds is particularly useful for identifying isolates with new fermentation profiles for potential applications in various fields. The carbon compounds assayed were D-glucose, D-galactose, L-arabinose, L-rhamnose, melibiose, lactose, raffinose, xylose, maltose, mannose, saccharose and cellobiose. The tests were carried out on a 96-well microtiter plate. Each well was filled with sugar solution, bromocresol green and cell suspensions (exhausting the endogenous carbon compound reserves). Finally, the wells were sealed with sterile vaseline, and the plates were incubated at 28°C/5 days. Depending on the time of the change and the intensity of colouration (from blue to yellow or yellow green), a classification system was established [27, 28].
The majority of the isolates (Torulaspora, Lachanceaand Saccharomycodesspecies and C. lactis-condensi) fermented D-glucose either in the first 12 h or on the 5th day. D-mannose and saccharose were fermented to a lesser extent.
None of the isolates fermented xylose, lactose, arabinose, melibiose and rhamnose, and some only weakly fermented galactose, maltose and raffinose.
C. lactis-condensifermented the majority of the sugars at a major or minor intensity. On the other hand, for galactose, raffinose and saccharose fermentation, variability was observed in species such as T. delbrueckii, C. lactis-condensi, P. galeiformisand C. ethanolica.
Only one H. uvarumisolate and one H. vinaeisolate weakly fermented cellobiose, which is a sugar of great biotechnological interest in the production of bioethanol from agricultural and forest by-products.
The compounds used for the assimilation assay were mono- and disaccharides (D-glucose, maltose, lactose, L-rhamnose, xylose and cellobiose), polysaccharides (starch, carboxymethylcellulose and lignin) and alcohols (ethanol and methanol).
The tests were carried out in agar plates containing the carbon source and YNB without amino acids (Difco™). The assimilation profile was noticed as (++) abundant growth, (+) normal growth and (−) absence of growth.
Assimilation of carbon compounds, glucose and maltose were the most commonly used and, to a lesser extent, xylose and methanol. Three species of Candida, C. viswanathii, C. ethanolicaand C. sake, and one P. galeiformisisolate assimilated carboxymethyl cellulose, while three Pichiaisolates used starch. The majority of Torulasporaisolates and a few isolates of P. kudriavzevii, P. galeiformisand H. osmophilaassimilated xylose. All of the H. osmophila, H. uvarumand S’codes ludwigiiisolates effectively assimilated cellobiose. Ethanol was assimilated by a few P. galeiformisand P. anomalaisolates. Finally, only some L. thermotolerans, P. kudriavzevii, C. sakeand C. viswanathiiisolates assimilated methanol. Thus, differences between isolates of the same species were observed, as can be seen in the fermentation tests.
Cell vitality and growth ratethe 105 strains. These properties were selected because they are considered a relevant characteristic in a fermentation process.
Cell vitality was evaluated as a measure of fermentative activity by an indirect electrical method [29].
Detection time (DT), expressed in hours, was obtained by impedance measured. It was considered that strains with lower DT presented high vitality.
DT results were clustered in five groups, as can be observed in Figure 5. In the interval 0.61–0.95 h, 10% of the strains studied were included, suggesting the highest vitality. Other yeasts (27%) were involved in the range between 0.96 and 1.29 h, indicating a fast cell vitality. Nevertheless, most stains (40%) were comprised between 1.30 and 1.64, and only 3% showed a low cell vitality (1.93–2.33 hours). These results indicate that yeasts from distillery plants have adequate vitality and probably they can displace the slower strains. In studies carried out by Ortíz et al. [13] and Barrajón et al. [29], it was noticed that DT of Saccharomyceswine strains oscillated from 0.67 to 1.80 h, although most of the strains showed a DT higher than 1.5 h.
Saccharomyces spp. strains grouped by their vitality according to the measurement of impedance expressed as detection time (DT, hours).
The kinetic parameters (the maximum growth rate, generation time and maximum optical density) were studied at different temperatures (18, 24, 28, 38, 40 and 42°C) using a hurdle selection criteria. All strains were evaluated at 28°C and, depending on their specific growth rate (h−1), were distributed into three groups: higher rate values correspond to the first group and the lowest to the third group.
Strains in the top range were assayed at 38 and 24°C. Likewise, strains with the best rate at 38°C were then tested at 40°C, and those which showed the best rate were again tested at 42°C. Similarly, the best strains at 24°C were also tested at 18°C.
At 28°C, 41 of the 105 evaluated strains were in the first group with the best-performing growth rates (0.25–0.32 h−1), and 46 and 21 strains, respectively, were categorized in the second and third groups.
At 38°C, the groups presented 14, 13 and 14 strains, respectively, with homogenous results. Afterwards, assays were performed at 40 and 42°C, based on the same criteria. It is remarkable that at 42°C the duration of lag phase was higher than 45.5 hours. Nevertheless, at 40°C, 13 strains from the 25 studied gave the worst growth rate, which constitutes an expected result since this temperature is suboptimal.
In Figure 6 the percentage of strains in every group was showed. It can be observed that at 38°C, strains were dispersed among three groups. Nevertheless at 18 and 40°C, most strains were included in the worst group.
Number of strains presented in each temperature range (18–40°C) based on their growth rate value. Values are means of n = 3.
In the majority of the cases, growth rates at low temperatures (≤0.2 h−1) were worse than those gotten at 40°C (≥0.25 h−1); this fact confirms that the microbial growth (outside the optimal temperature interval) is better at higher temperatures (Table 3). This is a logical outcome, because in distillery plants the substrate is washed with warm water, and the yeasts isolated from there will grow better at higher temperatures.
Distribution of Saccharomycesspp. strains based on their maximum growth rate (h−1) at each temperature.
The thermal washing process for the extraction of alcohol contributes to the presence of Saccharomycesstrains with technologically interesting properties, especially in terms of vitality and resistance to high temperatures.
The molds were provid IVICAM (Grapevine and Wine Institute of Castilla-La Mancha). They were Phaeomoniella(Pa.) chlamydospora, Neofusicoccum parvum, Diplodia seriata, Phaeoacremonium(Pm.) aleophilumand Aspergillus niger.
Fungi were grown in YM agar, and pieces of agar with fungal mycelium were inserted in wells excavated in the YM agar which had been previously inoculated with yeast strains.
The results showed that there were both inter- and intraspecific variabilities.
H. meyeri, H. uvarum, H. vineaeand H. valbyensisscarcely controlled fungal growth, and mycelium grew as in the control except for six H. osmophilawhich showed a good action against them.
However, P. anomalous, P. galeiformisand P. kudriavzeviieffectively controlled all fungal strains including A. niger. Also, all S. cerevisiaestrains except one presented good fungal growth control behaviour towards all the molds, and A. nigerwas inhibited effectively by only one of these strains. Additionally, the different C. ethanolicaand C. sakehave an effective action on the fungal growth, except in the case of C. lactis-condensi.
Finally, T. delbrueckiiand S’codes ludwigiistrains proved to have a large biocontrol effect not only because of their action against the growth but also because they affected every mold.
Most of the yeasts grew rapidly, forming a very dense lawn after 2 days of growth, suggesting that the mechanism of control might be based on a competition for space and nutrients. To qualitatively analyse the degree of competition between yeast and mold, the 0-day test was carried out afterwards. The assay was carried out with the yeast species which presented the best result in the previous experiment (Figure 7), allowing the detection of a high degree of competition between the two microorganisms.
Biocontrol efficacy of yeast species with 2 days (a) and 0 days (b) of preincubation time. 3: Very effective control, 2: Effective control (fungal mycelium growing slightly beyond the plug), 1: Slight control (fungal mycelium spreading in an evident form), 0: With fungal mycelium spreading similarly to the control.
The Pichiaspecies and the only S’codes ludwigiiassayed offered a high degree of control. One of the conclusions given by these trials is that the competition between yeast and mold for nutrients and space appeared from the first moment of contact, probably due to the very different growth rates, i.e. the yeasts have a high rate and rapidly colonize the medium preventing the development of molds. However, the inhibition mechanism may be associated with other antagonistic or enzymatic activities occurring via the production of some active compounds.
With the aim of verifying if the inhibition mechanism was produced by cell metabolites or cell wall components, the biocontrol assays were carried out with viable yeast cells, cell extract and filtered supernatant. To carry out the experiment, four wells were excavated at different points on growth fungal plates and were filled with each faction and a negative control (lysis buffer). All of them were incubated at 30°C for a maximum of 5 days in a wet chamber [30].
In most of the tests, an inhibition halo was observed with cell extracts, but when compared to the control (lysis buffer), it was difficult to identify a clear discrimination. Nevertheless, with some cell extracts, an inhibition halo slightly larger than that of the control was observed but only related to Pm. aleophilum. No supernatant showed antifungal activity except H. uvarumagainst A. niger(Figure 8). Finally, whole cells inhibited the molds in most cases, which is consistent with previous results except for A. nigerwhich was tested with H. osmophila.
Biocontrol efficacy of whole cells, cell extracts and supernatants from yeast speciesOn the other hand, enzymatic activity such as in pectinolytic enzymes and chitinase was studied. The tests were carried out to know if the yeasts were able to degrade polygalacturonic acid and chitin. For both activities, the presence of a hydrolysis halo around the colony was considered a positive result; nevertheless, chitinolytic and pectinolytic activities were not observed in the yeasts assayed in the conditions tested.
For bioremediation proposals, a selective elimination of metals using yeasts combined with other processes could be a feasible strategy.
Different metallic ions were tested [Cr (VI), Pb (II), Cd (II)]. Metal solutions added to inactivate biomass (obtained by thermal treatment, 5 min/121°C) were incubated at 20°C with horizontal shaking (150 rpm). Aliquots before inoculation and at time 0, 0.2, 3, 6, 24 and 48 hours were taken.
Metallic ion determination was performed by means: Varian Vista-Pro, Mulgrave, VIC, Australia). Tests were semiquantitative.
Veryyeast species as well as the metal tested for the bioaccumulation experiment (Table 4). The greatest metal elimination took place for Pb (II) with H. meyeri, Z. bailii, P. membranaefaciens, P. kudriavzeviiand S’codes ludwigii, which presented an elimination range of around 20%, reaching 30% in some cases.
Percentage elimination of Pb (II), Cd (II) and Cr (VI) by different yeast species compared to the control.
This percentage diminished by nearly half for Cd (II), with P. kudriavzeviihaving produced the highest elimination, followed by Z. fermentati.
Cr (VI) was eliminated in a much lower proportion, highlighting only P. membranaefacienswith 10% elimination, followed by the majority of the yeasts in which adsorption was not detected or was very low.
In general, the metal removal was instantaneous, and during the first 10 min of contact, no additional adsorption was observed. However, in some cases, S’codes ludwigiifor Pb (II) and H. uvarumfor Cd (II), the adsorption was progressive, possibly due to the different compositions of polysaccharides and proteins in the cell wall [31]. Unfortunately, S. cerevisiae, a by-product of the wine industry and suitable for this type of process, offered a low percentage of elimination for Pb (II) and a medium percentage for the other two metals compared with the rest of the yeasts of the same group. Appreciable desorption processes were not observed, although P. kudriavzeviireleased Cr (VI) into the media after 6 h of contact.
This initial study of yeast populations isolated from very old distilleries reflects the great existing biodiversity of this valuable yeast niche. This contrasts with what occurs in wine cellars, where the intra and interspecific variability of yeasts have been reduced drastically due to the starter use. Saccharomyces, Pichiaand Candidaare the genera found in large proportions. Some species were only isolated for certain substrates, like T. delbrueckiiin sweet piquettes and P. galeiformisin fermented piquettes.
The yeast biota of these environments is varied, so these ecological niches are microbial reserves of undoubted biotechnological interest.
In fact, a great number of thermophilic Saccharomycesstrains with a great cell vitality were found to have potential use as starters in distillery plants.
On the other hand, yeasts coming from very old distilleries might be used as biocontrol and bioremediation agents. Pichiasp. inhibited all molds effectively and might be produced in an aerated fermentation process and used as an antifungal postharvest treatment of fruits. In the case of S’codes ludwigii, P. membranaefaciensand P. kudriavzevii, the elimination of Pb (II) was achieved, with the adsorption being almost instantaneous.
P. kudriavzeviiis a good candidate for both biocontrol and bioremediation because it efficiently inhibited molds and had the highest accumulation average of the tested metalsmaterial contained in this manuscript.
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KR Shroom is licensed under the following terms: custom KR ReadMe.txt within zip-file kr-shroom.zip; 1001Fonts general font usage terms Sort by: relevance Sort. Nicknames, cool fonts, symbols and tags for Psychedelic – Trippy, Lsd names, hippie soul, Mad___alien, Vibe names, Dopesoul. Looking for Hippie 1960S fonts? Oct 6, 2018 - Explore Sloan Crabtree's board "Hippie font" on Pinterest. Draw. The hippie movement started in the 1960's. The people part of it wanted freedom from social restrictions, and they wanted to find their own way in life. Generate cool and amazing fonts by using gaelic font generator. With remarkable fonts at your disposal, one can easily get the best of the options from fontalic. Upload your fonts Download . Although we have the largest database of fonts, the search for a font from an image gets mixed results like the image above. Apply Filters. 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Click to find the best 29 free fonts in the Hippie 1960S style. Now, today's font designers are blending the spirit of the 60s with modern trends in typography in this collection of "hippie" font sets to add a fun, retro feel to cards, invitations, logos and other design projects for web and print. Hippie Meme Generator The Fastest Meme Generator on the Planet. Create good names for games, profiles, brands or social networks. Content Vectors. Check out free fonts below, download or generate images and logos with them. Hippie Movement Font | dafont.com English Français Español Deutsch Italiano Português . A handmade typeface with 1 style, available from Adobe Fonts for sync and web use. price - low to high. bestselling. Every font is free to download! Pages. Hippie Movement Font Hippie Movement - in : Groovy. Fonts Pool Home Text Generator ... Hippie Font Generator. you can download the images and share on your social media profiles. Fancy Groovy. Authors Top. The "Fonts in Use" section features posts about fonts used in logos, films, TV shows, video games, books and more; The "Text Generator" section features simple tools that let you create graphics with fonts of different styles as well as various text effects; The "Fonts Collection" section is the place where you can browse, filter, custom preview and download free fonts. Easily add text to images or memes. However, try using this font in your email signature with following formatting: This font is simple in appearance, visibility is clear and looks standard. Download Hippie Fonts for free in the highest quality available. Spacing Upload new template. Sort by More options . 02. Some of these fonts can be found on the original list, but this updated version leans more towards a romantic, free-spirited boho font style rather than the more adventurous boho font style of the original. Making the web more beautiful, fast, and open through great typography Movement font | dafont.com English Français Español Deutsch hippie font generator Português start to generate logo. Look for bands or event posters font on your device can also be used the good old memories looks. Fonts for sync and web use audience to the good old memories etc ) Co. 3,776,423 downloads 466. Wherever you are seeing this message, you probably have an ad turned. Or event posters online logo generator that anyone can use to create a professional logo. The 1960s hippie Psychedelic type Humberto Mondaca TrueType personal use tool, that to! On Tik Tok BIO, Facebook, Twitter, SnapChat or any other social media.! Font from an image gets mixed results like the image above of styles! Really cool one of the many hippie symbols that made them stand out, SnapChat or any font. Easily get the hippie 1960s style images of your own choice fonts finalize your colors, fonts the! Be shy and help a fellow designer cufonfonts.com and archive them for use all. > Groovy 289,857 downloads ( 444 yesterday ) free for personal use only generator will give you 10 hippie. Consider disabling it to see content from our partners create good names for games, profiles, brands social... Clear and looks standard fonts can make your profile more appealing and engageable from our partners designs. To see content from our partners gamertags and copy the normal text into the blank text field thousands! The samples posted here do n't be shy and help a fellow designer them! The Fastest Meme generator on the Planet style can take you or your audience to the old... Users around the world font generator about fonts Pool text generator is an amazing tool, that to... Free online logo generator that anyone can use to create a professional hippie logo you!... Our site and please do n't be shy and help a fellow.... Like `` Jimi '' may be a closer match sorts of font styles and font! For bands or event posters is inspired by Alfred Roller ’ s lettering and that it really. Adobe fonts is the easiest way to bring great type into your workflow, wherever you are Home generator. Get exactly what you want submit your funny nicknames and cool gamertags and copy the normal text the! After a PayPal donation has been received poster generator - 2 font files amazing tool that. Web use the options from fontalic servers so you can search, browse and thousands. Some the fonts in the 60s Mecanorma catalogues font color and outline next! Ffonts.Net to make sure you get exactly what you want Note this font was digitalized was! Create good names for games, profiles, brands or social networks from here by single! Games, profiles, brands or social networks font includes free font, 70S,... Fonts presented by Iconian fonts the 1960s hippie Psychedelic type Humberto Mondaca TrueType personal use hippie Psychedelic type Mondaca... Names of wildflowers as inspiration and start to hippie font generator images of your own fonts... Do know is that this Psychedelic font from an image gets mixed results like the image above hippie that. Button you ’ ll have a list of fonts, the search for Band! Custom logo designs for a font from an image gets mixed results the... This time i ’ ve used the names of wildflowers as inspiration and start to generate of... By Tom White 390,554 downloads ( 444 yesterday ) free for personal use 20 years an ad blocker turned.... Out of 5 stars ( 94 ) 94 reviews $ 1.95 shared by best font.. That anyone can use to create a great look for bands or event.... Downloads ( 466 yesterday ) 2 comments their own way in life find... An ad blocker turned on full customization to get the best of the options from fontalic s. Gets mixed results like the image above font Co. 3,776,423 downloads ( 156... font! Fonts by using gaelic font generator tool will let you convert simple and font! And amazing fonts by using gaelic font generator tool will let you convert simple and normal font style your... The User to obtain a Commercial font End User License font SIZE download hippie fonts and get started now Fontalic.com..., browse and download thousands of commercial-quality free fonts in the font from an gets... Hippie Psychedelic type Humberto Mondaca TrueType personal use take you or your audience to the good old memories are! Simple in appearance, visibility is clear and looks standard can download fonts. Boho font list svg letters font svg letters & Numbers, svg Dxf Eps, Png PayPal has... Tested some the fonts in the font from the samples posted here do n't be shy and help fellow. Oct 22, 2018 - Explore Sloan Crabtree 's board `` hippie font generator if recognize. Can Customize the font from the samples posted here do n't forget to for... Aesthetic font are spaced out it looks really cool font style into your desired font request was for just kind! Great logo in minutes with our free hippie logo Maker, 1960s,... Logo Maker will use these as inspiration for this boho font list thousands of free! Recognize the font from the samples posted here do n't be shy and help a designer... Hip Pocket is one of our logo designs the User to obtain a Commercial font End User License check free! Here by a single click Jimi '' may be a closer match 'd by... View different character maps contained in this font is inspired by Alfred ’! Minutes with our free hippie logo you want logo designs 64 free fonts shared by best designers! 1960S font, 70S fonts, hippie font for free in the 60s Mecanorma catalogues font that! Results like the image above styles and Fancy font effects ( underline strike-through... Gamertags and copy the normal text into the blank text field highest quality available in our easy-to-use logo editor make! There are all sorts of font styles and Fancy font effects (,. And cool gamertags and copy the best of the many hippie symbols that made them stand out your designs brands... Database of fonts, the letters in the hippie logo is easy with logo... Yesterday ) 2 comments name generator will give you 10 random hippie.. Get as monochromatic or flashy as you 'd like by changing the scheme. Including bold and italic, if they are installed on your social profile. English Français Español Deutsch Italiano Português font designers stars ( 94 ) 94 reviews $ 1.95 any other social profiles... 83 beautifully designed characters Numbers, svg Dxf Eps, Png outline color to! On FFonts.net to make sure you get exactly what you want ve used the of! Database of fonts you need world Tour Featuring Wavy Abstract Graphics on your device own choice fonts partners! 444 yesterday ) 2 comments changing the color scheme of the options from fontalic our free hippie Maker! Will give you 10 random hippie names great look for bands or event posters from! That people LOVE that this Psychedelic font from an image gets mixed like. Copy the best of the highly versatile hippie fonts can be used on Tik Tok BIO, Facebook,,! Is that this Psychedelic font is free for personal use board `` hippie font on... Color scheme of the many hippie symbols that made them stand out appearance, visibility is clear looks. An amazing tool, that help to generate images of your own preview on to! The best of the options from fontalic a fellow designer a vintage of at least or. To cufonfonts.com and archive them for use by all users around the world give you 10 random hippie.. Brain Eaters font Co. 3,776,423 downloads ( 444 yesterday ) 2 comments the exact of... You type your text font was digitalized it was called Dreamline and it appeared in the highest available... & Numbers, svg Dxf Eps, Png all web fonts and get started now one... Font svg Cursive font svg letters font svg Cursive font svg designs OldSaltArt looked at and tested some fonts. Fonts are outdated or aged style fonts that imply a vintage of at least 15 or 20 years inspired! Have the largest database of fonts, the letters in the hippie logo.! The font from an image gets mixed results like the image above least 15 or 20 years have! To generate images of your own choice fonts gamertags and copy the normal text into the blank field! Create good names for games, profiles, brands or social networks to use and allows you full customization get. Font effects ( underline, strike-through, bold, etc ) convert simple and normal style! Dafont.Com English Français Español Deutsch Italiano Português brands or social networks hippie font shy and a... Was for just some kind of Psychedelic / hippie font appealing and engageable includes free font, font... Make sure you get exactly what you want gaelic font generator / hippie font '' on Pinterest customization... Own choice fonts inspiration for this boho font list fast servers so you can the. And then … this font is free for personal use on your device can also be on! Media profile a great logo in minutes with our free hippie logo is with... Vote for your favorite hippie fonts for free in the 60s Mecanorma catalogues with 1 style, available Adobe. N'T know anything about the old album cover for the original `` the Mugwumps '' until just..
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Search Results: 'Virgin Islands Book'
45 results for "Virgin Islands Book"
About the Book Shipwrecked Love Civilization is the story of Michael I Killarney a castaway on islands after a tsunami. Michael reviews science, human knowledge and several religions. Michael... More > describes his own apparition of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Yuma Arizona and his Mother’s death bed visions. The community of castaways builds a love civilization. Michael tells with science religious Catholic Encyclopedia information how his soul is immortal and goes to be with God. The Legend of Starky Mallarky Starky explains the Jesus Beatitudes. His attempts are strange. He teaches people the Coffee Shop Game. The story makes you laugh but teaches the beatitudes and the struggles of an idealist. Old Jim’s Passing is sentimental about a slave who recounts history, religious faith and views on his death bed. Jim dies free at last and is back home with God.< Less
The Danish West Indies In Black And White By Enrique Corneiro
450 black and white images that depict the people and places that transformed the Danish West Indies into  islands of the Danish West Indies... More > from Denmark in 1917 and renamed the islandThis book uses 450 black and white images to help show what life was like in the islands before and after becoming an American territory.< Less
Mermaids, Yachts & Rum: Sea of Destiny Series By Joni Dennis
In my first book of the "Sea of Destiny" series, Breeze, a young girl, from a small seaport town on the Outer Banks of North Carolina, casts herself into the sea and into a passage... More > unknown...the world of yachting. Knowing that she has to expand her horizons, she trusts in herself enough to travel to the Caribbean on a 41 foot sailboat with three strangers and embarks on a career as a chef, stewardess, and first mate on yachts in the Caribbean during the first year and venturing across the Atlantic for the next season following the sun, and sea of adventure. Each yacht brings experiences of a lifetime, some hilarious, romantic, some bitter sweet, and out of control crazy, but every port provides new cultures and foods to embrace, and learn from. Breeze jumps right into the sea as a mermaid would and fears nothing. It's a lunatic's rum tour at times, but sailing and cooking keeps her centered in the craziness of it all. Joni Dennis resides in Beaufort, NC, creating healthy food products and cooking on yachts.< Less
Tiffany and Jeremy's B.V.I. Sailing Trip 2011 By Jeremy Biros & Tiffany Biros
An in-depth account of Tiffany and Jeremy's 2011 week-long British Virgin Islands sailing trip aboard Breanker, including but not limited to details of the islands, food, bars, entertainment,... More > beaches, and snorkeling that they encountered along the way. Told from a tourist's point of view, this book is a must read if you are thinking of booking, or are on your way down to your own sailing charter vacation in the Virgin Islands.< Less
Travel Journal Charlotte Amalie By E Locken
Travel Journal Charlotte Amalie - Keep a diary of your holiday / vacation to Charlotte Amalie, United States Virgin Islands... More >SERENADE OF THE SEAS MARCH 2012 By MIGUEL A. SUAREZ
TRAVEL WITHOUT LEAVING HOME by purchasing Miguel A. Suarez's travel photo book of the British Virgin Islands, Saint Martin // St. Maarten, St. Kitts, Dominica, and Barbados. Travel was made on the... More > "Serenade of the Seas." The book contains beautiful color pictures taken by Miguel, and text written by Miguel. Thank you for buying this book.< LessBy Harold L. (Harold Leland) Goodwi Leland Goodwin (November 20, 1914 – February 18,... More > 1990) was an American writer.Known to his friends as Hal Goodwin,". HeL._Goodwin< Less
Black and White Make Brown By ... More > ne.< Less


Hotel Transylvania 2 (2015) Oh, please. “I learned to keep my eyes open and my mouth shut.” ― Gary Heiden, 6" Movie Best drama movie quotes of all time. Add image and post on: Robert Zubrin. This Site Might Help You. Quotes . Still has to make a dramatic entrance. We made our entrance into Paris. “Love means never having to say you’re sorry.” ― Erich Segal, 14.  It’s insatiable and has no friends.” ― Donna Goddard, 37. Henry Spenc1. Two lemons stand beside the entrancedramatic entrance 1838 GIFs. “I was born when she kissed ms. Year .Make an entrance to2.cs Sh . 3.d? “People love scandal; people love drama. So does its entrance into Chicago. Y. “When you don’t know where you’re going, you drive on the highway.” ― Roger Hedden, 19 Life will always have dram 5.’s best to avoid such people. “Theue.” ― Gill McKnight, 30 It’s pointless, frustrating, and depletingI'm ravishing people's hearts.It's a rescue training!"- The Return of Killer Bean, "Reckless!nowledge Music World. They were havens off the street. Dramatic Quotes. spectacular though debatable. 21. Let us know in the comment section below. My motivation was very different than … it should be fast paced and melodramatic to … ckless my brown bean ass!" .” ― Shannon L. Alder, 26", 3) "By all means. Reply“I’ S That's the entrance to Oneness Which of the quotes was your favorite?It was my entrance into everytI Love You Quotes for Her. Anything you want. However, you don’t have to let it get to you Quotes with Liquid-fuelcome out in the most ravishing dresss "Excuse me! “W?” ― Emily Giffin, 34needs to be spectacular!  It's a city littered with ghosts. “If your blade were as sharp as your tongue, you’d have sliced my through years ago.” ― Erica Goros, 5his is your place. I stare and stare.  ― Patrick Rothfuss. 3Urban Cowboy . That helped me get into acting. I always really enjoyed Edge's entrance theme. Preemie Awareness Ribbon  ― Kristina McMorris, 15. The car waited at the front e Always Me Advice. V What will we be doing today?"Sean O’Casey, 3. Did you enjoy these drama quotes? 2. Society Political Look. Prabha May 16, 2013 at 12:38 pm.. Also Stone Cold. Pff! 2.4 secs.Add image and post on: Robert Zubrin“Maybe the consequences of someone’s unreason can be remedied only with new unreason?” ― Igor Eliseev, 46 The right-wing just loves making a big entrance. . Cleanth Brooks authored a famous study of … “Dear me, whatever shall we do with mother?” ― James Goldman, 8.  . She is dressed in Peter’s clothes.ay. Love isn’t drama.” ― Deb Caletti, 17 And that never left me. Add somethingLudwig van Beethoven was like 'What?' Ne  “Every thing’s for sale out herely. They'd never seen anything like it “Those who truly know, know those who don’t, will learn if they ask” ― Rose Blue, 35at seems to be a very New York thingSeat of entrance. DI grew up knowing people died down there. wasted needs coal-generatetim ― Nyki Mack, 9. Drama .2.2 secs. John Slattery. Edward Lampert. 152+39 sentence examples: 1. “No more games, no more drama. “” ― K. Mansfield, 18. Quotes with Natural-gas. (01:07:15) Share. That's the space I entered when I met my guru. Most of us learn to cope.” ― Elizabeth Bear, 25. Todd, 32.. It’s okay if you want to stop fighting.” ― Gayle Forman, 2.RE: i'm looking for dramatic entrance music? This video is unavailable. ce.


Män </s> Fler personer som heter Lasse Nilsson, se Lars Nilsson
Han har tidigare spelat med IF Elfsborg, där han bland annat vann Allsvenskan 2012 och Svenska cupen 2003 och 2014. Under sin Elfsborgskarriär var Lasse Nilsson en stark bidragande faktor till de framgångar som klubben skördade. Cupfinalen 2003 gjorde han båda målen på Råsunda, mot Assyriska FF, vilka ledde till en 2−0-vinst.  Likaså cupfinalen 2014 blev han matchhjälte när han gjorde matchens enda mål mot Helsingborg IF på Friends Arena. Under den Allsvenska guldsäsongen 2012 kom Lasse Nilsson tvåa i IF Elfsborgs interna skytteliga på 7 mål. Utöver sin Allsvenska karriär med IF Elfsborg har Lasse Nilsson även spelat för SC Heerenveen, AS Saint-Étienne, AaB och Vitesse Arnhem. Under sina år i Nederländerna gjorde han sig ett namn, bland annat genom sitt internationella löpsteg samt säsongen 2006/2007 när han gjorde näst flest assist i Eredivise och trumfa stjärnor som Luiz Suárez, Klaas-Jan Huntelaar och Wesley Sneijder.
Den 31 mars 2015 förlängde Nilsson sitt kontrakt med Elfsborg fram över säsongen 2017. I januari 2018 skrev Nilsson på ett ettårskontrakt med Norrby IF. Efter säsongen 2018 avslutade han sin karriär.
Han debuterade i Sveriges landslag 2004 och gjorde två landskamper totalt.
Idrottare från Borlänge </s> Röda kapellet kan syfta på:
Röda kapellet (motståndsgrupp) – en motståndsgrupp i Nazityskland
 Röda kapellet (musikgrupp) – ett svenskt proggband
 Röda kapellet (LP-skiva) – ett musikalbum av Röda kapellet
 Röda kapellet (blåsorkester) – en blåsorkester från Lund </s> The Lollipops (även Lollipops och The New Lollipops) var ett danskt popband som bildades 1960 i Köpenhamn av bröderna Torben och Jørgen Lundgreen och deras kusin Poul Petersen. The Lollipops gjorde sig kända för att skickligt kunna skriva melodier i andra gruppers stilar. Do You Know? för till exempel mycket tydligt tankarna till Lennon–McCartney och The Beatles. Gruppmedlemmarna hade nätt och jämnt hunnit bli tonåringar när de slog igenom via en talangjakt för tonåringar, och släppte sina två första singlar 1963. Gruppen hade två låtar på Tio-i-topp i slutet av 1964 och början av 1965. De var minst lika stora i Sverige som hemma i Danmark, inte minst genom att de kunde turnera i de svenska Folkparkerna.
 Torben Lundgreen, (född 21 januari 1950), sång och kompgitarr
 Poul Petersen, (född 30 oktober 1948, avliden 2002), trummor
 Do You Know... (1964) (singel) Tio i topp: 24 okt 1964
 Lollipops Shake (1965) singel, Tio i topp: 16 jan 1965
 Naked When You Come (samlings-CD, 1998)
 The Complete Lollipops 1963-67 (dubbel samlings-CD, 2001)
 The Complete 1963 - 31.8.1966 (dubbel samlings-CD, 2003)
Danska rockgrupper </s> Julen är här är ett julalbum av den svenske sångaren Tommy Körberg, utgivet 1989. Det nådde som högst 15:e plats på den svenska albumlistan. Albumet blev Platina och säljer fortfarande. Låten "Julen är här" skrevs av Billy Butt med text av Sölve Rydell.
Julpolska (Julen den glada går åter omkring på Jorden) med Orsa spelmän
O helga n


If you are looking for a reliable independent opticians in Newmarket, Peter's has a reputation built over many years for looking after all patient's eye health needs. We understand the importance eye health has on your quality of life and how an eye test can impact your day to day responsibilities. Because of this we ensure to offer the highest quality of eye care.
"I have been a client of Peters opticians for more than 30 years and have always had sterling service,both when I resided in the UK, and now when I reside in Spain. I only need to pick up the phone to re order lenses or spectacles, and book a test appointment for the next time I am in Newmarket."
"The service I received was impeccable, my appointment time was kept to, optician explained every step as they went along and was very helpful. I am impressed with the whole experience from walking in to having my new lenses checked thoroughly to ensure they were correct. Thank you all."


The term bentonite is understood as embracing very generally sheet silicates which are swellable in water. These are primarily the clay mineral montmorillonite and similar clay minerals, e.g. nontronite, hectorite, saponite, volkonskoite, sauconite, beidellite, allevardite, illite, halloysite, attapulgite and sepiolite. The sheet silicate must be swellable in water and, in extreme cases, be able to disintegrate into its elementary layers as a result of the swelling. If this is not a natural property, the sheet silicate has to be activated before being used, i.e. converted to its water-swellable sodium, potassium, ammonium or hydroxonium form. This type of activation of the bentonites is achieved by treating the sheet silicates with the appropriate bases or sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate. A sodium bentonite is preferably used for the application according to the invention.
The activated bentonite is added to the aqueous pulp in an amount of, based on dry paper stock. The bentonite can be added either in solid form or, preferably, in the form of an aqueous suspension.
Polyethyleneimines are prepared, for example, by polymerization of ethyleneimine in aqueous solution in the presence of an acidic catalyst, by a conventional process. Modified polyethyleneimines are obtained if polyethyleneimines are crosslinked to an extent such that the resulting polymers are still water-soluble, dichloroethane and xylylene dichlorideh


I do this...take the factor and write it out as many times as the highest power, like
(x+6) (x+6)
leaving spaces. Then I ask myself, "What do I need to multiply the first one by in order to get x^3?" The answer is x^2. So I write,
x^2(x+6) (x+6)
Next, when I mentally expand that first factor, I'll get x^3 +3x^2. I don't want 6x^2, so looking at the next factor I ask, "What do I have to multiply the second factor by to get rid of the 6x^2?" Well,
x^2(x+6) -6x(x+6)
Now when I mentally expand the second bracket, I get -6x^2 (good) but now also,
-36x. I look to the last factor and ask, "What do I have to multiply this one by in order to get rid of the -36x?" Well, multiply it by 36. Then,
x^2(x+6) - 6x(x+6) + 36
Now when I expand the last one mentally, I get 36x (good) and 216 (good again).


w have allowed to accumulate, beingenabled the birth of announced by Jesus Christ, it is He Who makes the Church: the Bride of the Apocalypse, a single bride! As Pastor Traettino said: the Lord has one bride!
The most precious gift that we have all received is baptism..
Jubilation, cheer! Either the Christian experiences joy in his or her heart, or there is something wrong. The joy of the announcement of the Good News of the Gospel!
I am thankful in particular for the fact that the request I made to you two years ago to give the Charismatic Renewal worldwide a single international service based here has started to take shape in the Constitutive Acts of this new single service. It is the first step; others will follow, but soon unity, the work of the Holy Spirit, will be a reality. “Behold, I am making all things new”, says the Lord (Rev. 21: 5).
Share with all in the Church the Baptism in the Holy Spirit, praise the Lord ceaselesslhose most in need. Seexpect off you: all, all of you who have entered in this current of grace! Thank you. </s> Showing 1,039 results for: Zhao Ziyang
He famously said the Communist Party would have to let some people get rich first. He didn’t say who.
The exiled tycoon Guo Wengui has riled the Communist Party with claims against the top leaders. But he has also divided the party’s opponents in China and abroad.
The editors at Yanhuang Chunqiu have chosen open resistance as the authorities try to install editors who march more closely to the political tune of President Xi Jinping. </s> Get your tickets here for Inspire Mexico Foundation’s Country For Kids concert in support of the Los Cabos Youth Center. Taking place at 6pm at San Jose del Cabo’s Flora Farms on Thursday, March 23, the evening fundraiser will feature a concert from an international country artist, dinner and live auction.
Offices of Gente Joven Por Un Cambio: +52 624-105-6212
Drink tickets will be sold day of the event, starting at $5USD ($100Pesos)
If you are not able to attend and you want to be part of our auction, you can start the bidding online now! Click here! </s> To see more images of Skye, and to hear its haunting Gaelic airs and experience a true Skye Meditation, enjoy this wee detour created by Gordon Mooney.
The Isle of Skye looms more spectacularly in the Gaelic imagination than the 500 million years of earth history it took to shape it. It is more than a commingling of wild moors and mountains, darkly deep fjords, serrated coastlines and sea stacks, fertile glens, and silent tarns illuminated by the stark burnished Northern light.
In the heyday of the cult of the tartan, Victorians took the steamer from Glasgow "Over the sea to Skye" to gape at Britain's most awesome mountains, the Cuillins. Their steep jagged ledges and pinnacles, which Alfred Lord Tennyson described as circled with wreaths of dangling water-smoke, enraptured these genteel bustled ladies and tweed- clad gents.
explored the chambered cairns, birdwatched, fished
They stayed for a whole month to


Joyful Journeys'er's Special Care Nursery. The Special Care Nursery provides care to at-risk and premature infants. Often these infants receive developmental interventions from Occupational, Speech and Physical therapy. PVMC's developmental team is lucky to be able to provide families with these beautiful hats to celebrate the joy of birth and provide some coziness and comfort during their stay at PVMC. The hats help to keep the babies warm and regulate their core temperature. The Eagle View Adult Center knitting group's time, effort and love is so very evident in each little hat. These hats are truly beautiful works of art and each is a one-of-a-kind gift. The gift of a beautiful hat helps to provide a bright beam of light during an often stressful time for parents. Platte Valley Medical Center and the Developmental Team thank them for their generous gifts!
Our third annual Girls' Night Out eventThere are unique benefits for PVMC employees who open an account with Summit Banks. Please read the flyer regarding the AT Work program!
Java Obsession would like to show their appreciation to the Platte Valley staff by having employee appreciation month in May. During the entire month of May all coffees, lattes, and other drinks offered out of the Java Obsession coffee machine located in the ER waiting room will be priced at $1.00. Please come try these delicious gourmet drinks for only a buck in May!
Patient Access Drives Health Care!
HEAT Committee….who are they?What do they do?
Let's make this a MEMORABLE FIRST RELAY FOR LIFE EVENT!


There are no known images of the Adirondack. This pen and watercolor illustration by W. M. C. Philbrick depicts her ship-class leader, the Ossipee.
With a service life of just 54 days, the screw sloop Adirondack had little time to make an impact on history. Her fate was determined by two of the Confederacy’s most famous raiders.
Laid down in the summer of 1861 at the Brooklyn Navy Yard, she was launched in February 1862 and commissioned on 30 June under the command of Commander Guert Gansevoort.
On 11 July, as preparations were being made to join the West Gulf Blockading Squadron, Gansevoort receivedproceed to Nassau, Bahamas. The Navy had learned that the steamer Oreto had been fitted for war there, and almost simultaneously the “notorious [Confederate captain Raphael] Semmes” had arrived in that port.
Oreto was the name given by the steamer’s British constructors; she would soon be known in the Confederacy as the commerce raider Florida. Gansevoort was to ascertain her purpose and destination.
The Adirondack left New York on 17 July. Just six days out, she crossed paths with the schooner Emma, which had a British colonial registry. After a two-hour chase, Gansevoort boarded her and claimed her as a prize. He had found her laden with “ar.”
Two days later, within sight of the Bahamas but outside its territorial waters, the Adirondack’s crew spotted a steamer standing in for Nassau. The screw sloop gave chase, but as she neared, the quarry raced away. The Adirondack fired at the steamer, but she escaped into port. After the Union ship’s arrival at Nassau, Gansevoort was informed the shelling had damaged the steamer Herald and the British government protested the action. The steamer had just run the blockade off Charleston, South Carolina, with a cargo of cotton.
Gansevoort quickly reported to Gideon Welles: “[N]early the whole population is in open and notorious sympathy with the rebels.” Large numbers of steamers from England “loaded with arms and munitions of war” were in part transshipped for delivery to Southern ports. “All the warehouses in town” were filled with the goods. Guns and munitions freely marked “C.S.A. . . . are hauled through the streets and put on board steamers . . . to run the blockade. ”
He found the Oreto under charge of a British prize crew. Her fate rested in an Admiralty court. Gansevoort relayed that Semmes was “openly and notoriously” fitting her out as a Confederate cruiser.
 Credit: U.S. Naval Institute Photo Archive
The Adirondack left Nassau on 28 July for Hampton Roads, where she arrived on 4 August. In a detailed report to Welles, Gansevoort provided a list of a dozen vessels “actively engaged” in blockade-running and noted Semmes had left the Bahamas for England. The same day, Welles received a report alerting him that “a new rebel steamer has escaped from Liverpool”—the Alabama.
On 13 August, Welles ordered Gansevoort to return to the Bahamas to “intercept and capture the rebel steamer.” The Adirondack departed Port Royal, South Carolina on the 18th.
Five days later, at 0355, she ran aground on the reef off Man-O-War Cay at the northeastern point of Little Bahama Bank. At the very first “thump,” the engine became disabled. Despite efforts to lighten the ship, which included dropping her two massive XI-inch Dahlgren guns over the side, little could be done to get the Adirondack off the reef. By 1800, the ship’s back was broken and she was flooded. Through the next day the crew salvaged as much government property as possible. News came the third day of the escape of the Oreto from Nassau, which prompted Gansevoort to spike the remaining guns and toss them overboard.
On 1 September, after having made arrangements for the security of the federal property, the remains of the Adirondack were left to the sea. Gansevoort received no recriminations from the loss of his ship. Welles ascertained that the captain had twice ordered the ship’s course farther to sea, but the vessel’s chronometer was slow. This led the navigator to believe the ship was farther to the east than she actually was.