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Plasmons are surface-bound electromagnetic waves that propagate along metal interfaces (1). If their motion is confined in a cavity between two plasmonic reflectors, only standing waves (or modes) at specific wavelengths are permitted. By adding a gain medium that provides energy at these wavelengths, plasmonic losses can be compensated (2). Specifically, propagating plasmons can stimulate the emission of additional plasmons, introducing amplification. When the gain exceeds losses for a specific cavity mode, the plasmonic analog of a laser, or spaser, results. An intense narrowband plasmonic signal is produced that can then be extracted for use. For example, by routing this signal toward a sharp tip, monochromatic plasmons can be concentrated in nanoscale volumes for enhancing light-matter interactions.
In the original spaser proposal (3, 4), both the generation and concentration of plasmons occurred within the same nanoscale cavity—a metallic particle coated with colloidal quantum dots. Quantum dots (5) were specified for gain because of their high emission quantum yields (often >90%), large transition dipole moments, good photostability, and ability to be packed densely without suffering the self-quenching effects observed in dyes. These properties, in addition to their spectral tunability and solution processability, have made quantum dots attractive emitters for applications in lighting (6–10), displays (11), and lasers (12–15). However, although the proposed metallic nanoparticle spaser can potentially provide intense local fields, it requires extremely high gain (16) and does not produce propagating plasmons. Thus, many efforts have aimed to directly amplifying plasmons propagating within larger devices that exhibit lower losses (17–20). Plasmon-enhanced lasers have also been investigated (21, 22).
The previous spaser work has followed two general approaches. Top-down nanofabrication has been used to define a semiconductor region that is encased in metal (20, 23), a design that so far has not permitted easy extraction of the cavity plasmons. Alternatively, bottom-up methods have been used to place single-crystalline semiconductor nanowires (17, 19) or nanoflakes (18) on a dielectric-coated metal surface. The volume between the metal, the nanostructure, and its end facets define the plasmonic cavity. However, this approach, which exploits the high gain of single-crystalline semiconductors to overcome the modest reflectivity at their facets, has not been amenable to a broader class of useful colloidal nanomaterials. Notably, colloidal-quantum-dot spasers have not been realized despite the long use of these materials in lasers (12–15). In addition, because the nanowires or nanoflakes are randomly positioned on a surface, they are difficult to integrate with other elements on a chip.
To address these issues, we have applied a hybrid strategy in which we separately engineer the plasmonic cavity and the gain medium. We first optimized the cavity by defining and positioning reflectors for propagating plasmons on a metal surface via lithography. In addition to high reflectivity and placement accuracy, this results in an open and adaptable cavity design that allows quantum dots (or another colloidal nanomaterial) to be easily added for gain. Our strategy also focused on the versatility of the structure while compromising on its dimensions. When extreme confinement of the generated plasmons is desired, our spaser signal can be concentrated outside the cavity through an additional integrated element, as shown below.
Our cavities consist of two 400- to 600-nm-tall Ag block reflectors protruding from an ultrasmooth Ag surface (Fig. 1A). These blocks provide the in-plane plasmon reflectivity (>90%) (24, 25) necessary to obtain high quality factor (Q) cavities. To produce these structures, we first created the inverse of the desired pattern on a [100]-oriented Si wafer withAfter thermal evaporation of Ag (26) onto the Si template, we peeled off the Ag film with epoxy via template stripping (27). By reusing the Si template, many copies of the same chip could be obtained. We then placed CdSe/CdS/ZnS core/shell/shell quantum dots (25, 28, 29) directly onto the planar Ag surface between the reflectors using electrohydrodynamic NanoDrip printing (Fig. 1B) (30, 31). With the combined capabilities of electron beam lithography and NanoDrip printing, devices can be designed and positioned at will (Fig. 1C).
(A) Top-view electron micrograph of a plasmonic cavity: Two ~600-nm-tall Ag block reflectors positioned 10 μm apart on an ultrasmooth Ag surface. The blocks can be designed and placed at will. Plasmons propagate between the reflectors to create a cavity. (B) Tilted view of a functional device. NanoDrip printing is used to deposit a stripe (~100 nm thick and ~2 μm wide) of colloidal quantum dots between the reflectors. (C) Tilted view of a square array of nine plasmonic cavities (50 μm apart). The three cavities in the right column are empty. The rest contain a quantum dot stripe, as in (B).
In conventional laser cavities, stable modes are supported between aberration-corrected concave mirrors (32). Analogously, our plasmonic reflectors were designed with a parabolic correction to produce cavities with stable, well-defined plasmonic modes (see sections S1 to S3). We focused on cavities with reflectors 10 μm apart with a radius of curvature at their apex twice their spacing (R = 2L cavity). The spatial profile of the resulting mode, calculated using a simple ray-tracing and reflection algorithm, is highlighted in red in Fig. 2A.
(A) The plasmonic reflectors are designed with a radius of curvature twice the cavity length (R = 2L cavity) and include a parabolic correction. Plasmons emitted into the cavity are spatially confined in a stable cavity mode, depicted in red. (B) When ~100 quantum dots are placed in the cavity and weakly photoexcited, they emit into plasmonic cavity modes. The experimental cavity spectrum, measured by detecting plasmons scattered into the far field at the outer edge of one of the reflectors, is shown in red. The calculated spectra of the stable plasmonic cavity modes are in gray (see sections S4 and S5). The slight offset is due to a slightly smaller experimental cavity length (9.965 μm). (C) When a cavity filled with quantum dots as in (D) is weakly photoexcited, modes appear as ripples in the cavity spectrum [collected as in (B)] only at longer wavelengths due to losses from the quantum dot film. Calculated modes (neglecting quantum dot absorption) are in gray. a.u., arbitrary units. (D) Top-view electron micrograph of the cavity for comparison with (A). The quantum dot stripe is printed to maximize spatial overlap with the cavity mode. (E) Under pulsed excitation (130 μJ/cm2), a small feature rises on top of the cavity spectrum at the position of a calculated plasmonic mode. Right inset: Real-space image (false color) of the emission from the quantum dot stripe. The two bright spots are due to scattering off the reflectors. (F) At higher excitation (250 μJ/cm2), the small peak in (E) narrows and increases in intensity. Right inset: Real-space image as in (E). The device exhibits decreased emission within the stripe and increased signal at the reflectors. The changes in the spectra and images in (E) and (F) are indicative of the onset of spasing. Cartoons in (B) and (D) to (F) depict the optical excitation and collection processes.
To spectrally characterize the modes of our cavities when empty, we printed ~100 quantum dots at their center. Photoexcitation of the quantum dots launches plasmons into cavity modes (31). Some of these plasmons scatter into photons at the outer edge of the block reflector. Thus, by measuring the far-field scattering spectrum, the cavity modes within the quantum dot emission bandwidth can be revealed. Figure 2B compares the measured (red curve) and predicted (gray curve) modes for a 10-μm cavity (see section S4). The slight offset between the two is consistent with a slightly smaller experimental cavity (9.965 μm). The measured linewidths were typically 3 nm (9 meV). For a perfect structure, we predicted linewidths of 2.2 nm (6.8 meV) when we included the finite reflectivity of the blocks and the measured permittivity for our Ag.
Spatially, calculations suggest that these modes have a ~1-μm beam waist (Fig. 2A) and are confined within ~100 nm of the surface when the quantum dot layer is present (see figs. S1 and S2). Thus, to ensure spatial overlap and maximize gain for spasing, we printed quantum dot stripes that were 2 μm wide and at least 100 nm thick (Fig. 2D and fig. S3). We emphasize that the smallest dimension of the device, the thickness of the gain layer, necessitates the use of surface plasmons confined below the diffraction limit of light for adequate overlap. Low-intensity photoexcitation then yielded cavity spectra as in Fig. 2C. Because of losses from the quantum dots, particularly absorption, the modes broaden and only ripples appear on the long-wavelength side. The spectral mode separation also decreases due to the higher refractive index n in the cavity because of the quantum dot layer (Fig. 2C, gray curve).
Under pulsed excitation, the cavity spectra change significantly with increasing power density. At 130 μJ/cm2 (Fig. 2E), a small feature appears near the middle of the spectrum at a plasmonic mode position. At 250 μJ/cm2 (Fig. 2F), this feature becomes much sharper and more intense. The insets in Fig. 2 (E and F) show real-space images (false color) of the same cavities. At 250 μJ/cm2, photon emission from the cavity center greatly decreases, whereas scattering from the reflectors increases. These changes in both the spectral and spatial distribution of scattered plasmons with increasing excitation are consistent with stimulated emission and amplification of plasmons into a single mode defined by the cavity, that is, the onset of spasing.
Quantum dots allow the wavelength of this effect to be easily tuned (Fig. 3A). We fabricated devices with 602-, 625-, and 633-nm-emitting quantum dots. Some devices (see 633 in Fig. 3A) exhibited single-mode operation with typical linewidths of 2 meV, or 0.65 nm, indicating a Q approaching 1000 (Fig. 3B). Other devices (see 602 and 625 in Fig. 3A) showed multiple modes that changed in relative intensity with increasing excitation. Such mode competition, common in lasers (32), should also occur in spasers (33).
Fig. 3 Analysis of quantum dot spasers.
Figure 3C shows the output power spectrally integrated over the peak of the single-mode 633 device as a function of excitation power (red). A noticeable inflection occurs at ~180 μJ/cm2, with a concurrent decrease in spectral linewidth (blue) that corresponds to the spasing threshold. (Other devices had values down to 100 μJ/cm2.) This is somewhat surprising given that the best quantum dot lasers, which should have lower losses, exhibit comparable values (14). Although this certainly attests to the quality of our devices, other factors must be involved. Thresholds can be reduced in spasers due to the Purcell enhancement of the quantum dot emission rate and high coupling of this emission to the cavity mode. An estimate of the threshold based on experimental parameters (34) gives good agreement with measured values (see sections S6 to S9 and figs. S4 and S5 for further discussion).
Green-emitting quantum dots did not exhibit spasing, presumably due to increased plasmonic losses at shorter wavelengths. However, at very high excitation intensities (~1000 μJ/cm2), new spectral features appeared for our red-emitting quantum dots (Fig. 3D). Under these conditions, higher-energy multiexcitons (emitting around 590 nm) are generated in the quantum dots, providing sufficient gain (35) for spasing at shorter wavelengths (578 nm). Moreover, a progression of spasing modes was observed with spacings in agreement with calculations assuming n = 1.60 for the quantum dot film (Fig. 3D, dotted curve). Although this refractive index is smaller than that measured via ellipsometry (1.75), these high exciton populations can significantly decrease n (36). A lower n also agrees with observed blue shifts in the spasing modes with increased excitation.
Having demonstrated spasing, we now extract this signal for potential on-chip use. Our device architecture allows for straightforward integration of a plasmonic waveguide simply by extending the reflector. Moreover, as the plasmons propagate out of the cavity along the waveguide, they can be focused to the nanoscale by tapering (37). Figure 4A shows a cavity in which one reflector has been extended ~35 μm and narrowed to a tip. Figure 4B presents the same device operating above threshold. The contrast has been enhanced (104) in the right-hand portion of the image to resolve plasmons that are guided and focused. The cavity spectrum (Fig. 4C) matches that of plasmons scattered at the tip (Fig. 4D). Thus, the spaser signal is extracted, guided, and focused, but with diminished intensity due to modest outcoupling and propagation losses.
Fig. 4 Extraction, amplification, and focusing of plasmons generated by quantum dot spasers.
(A) Top-view electron micrograph of a spaser with a printed quantum dot stripe and an elongated reflector (11.5° taper) to guide and nanofocus the spaser signal. (B) Real-space image (false color) of the device in (A) above threshold. The contrast of the image to the right of the vertical dashed line is enhanced (104) to show the plasmons focused at the tip. (C and D) Spectra measured by collecting plasmons scattered at the outer reflector edge (C) and the tip (D) confirm that the spasing signal is guided and focused. (E and F) Real-space images (false color) of a cavity with an elongated reflector (14° taper) coated with a ~150-nm-thick drop-casted quantum dot film, excited below and above threshold, respectively. The intensity of (E), which is multiplied by 3, is fairly uniform across the device with some broadband focusing at the tip. In (F), plasmons generated by the cavity are amplified and focused at the tip. (G and Hinner reflector edge (G) and the tip (H) confirm that a single spasing mode is selectively guided, amplified, and focused. The signal in (H) (with amplification) is 1800 times greater than that in (D) (without amplification).
The tip signal can be further enhanced if the spaser is combined with a plasmonic amplifier. Although this could be achieved by printing quantum dots on the waveguide, we took advantage of the solution processability of colloidal nanomaterials and developed a simple drop-casting method that conformally coats our entire chip with a ~150-nm-thick film of quantum dots. Figure 4 (E and F) shows this approach applied to an extended reflector cavity (14° taper). Below threshold (Fig. 4E), broadband emission is observed that is fairly uniform with some guiding and focusing of plasmons at the tip. Above threshold (Fig. 4F), the spatial intensity distribution completely changes. The output of the spaser is amplified as it travels toward the tip, leading to highly concentrated plasmons (37). The emission from the tip in Fig. 4H with amplification is more than 103 times stronger than that in Fig. 4D without amplification. When comparing the spectrum from the cavity (Fig. 4G) with that from the tip (Fig. 4H), we observe the same modes. However, at the tip, spontaneous emission is diminished and a single spaser mode is selectively amplified. At higher excitation intensities, unwanted amplified spontaneous emission can occur from the amplifier alone (see fig. S6). However, this leads to many finely spaced features, unrelated to the cavity modes, in the tip spectrum.
Our devices represent the intersection of several key advances in nanofabrication. High-quality plasmonic resonators arose from improvements in our ability (i) to deposit Ag films with superior dielectric properties and (ii) to sculpt high aspect ratio structures of arbitrary geometries from these films. Analogously, the progression of colloidal quantum dot synthesis has led to increasingly compact, bright, and photostable emitters for high gain. Finally, these advanced materials were unified to create a device framework via developments in both micro- and macroscale deposition of colloidal nanoparticles.
Here, we have focused on demonstrating the versatility and potential of our spaser platform by characterizing a small subset of its vast design space. This space can be readily explored and characterized given the ease of fabrication—a single template-stripped substrate followed by drop-casting creates a chip containing many arrays of devices. Our spasers operated under air at room temperature with near-unity yield (108 of 112, or 96% of our measured drop-casted devices showed spasing). In addition, the size of these devices can be modified. Preliminary explorations of different cavity designs have shown that quantum dot spasers with cavity lengths down to at least 2 μm can be obtained.
The open-cavity nature of our platform permits access to the spasing modes within the cavity. This allows for direct measurements of these modes, for example, by using near-field techniques, for studying plasmonic cavity physics. One application where this open-cavity feature could be particularly useful is in plasmonic sensing. The figure of merit for plasmonic sensing urface plasmon signal. Because our spasers generate plasmons of very narrow linewidth (Q ~ 1000), they are good candidates for refractive index sensing. Moreover, due to several decades of research, the surface functionalization of colloidal quantum dots is quite advanced. This can be combined with the open-cavity design to enable targeting of specific analytes. Consequently, the quantum dot spaser can conceivably provide a route to high-sensitivity and high-specificity sensors.
Although we have presented individual functional units consisting of a spaser, amplifier, and waveguide, many such units can be linked to build an integrated circuit. Going beyond block reflectors, elements such as plasmonic antennas and gratings could be implemented within the current scheme. Quantum dots (or other gain media such as organic-inorganic perovskites and rare earth–doped oxides) can then be deposited where needed for spasing and signal amplification. The flexibility and broad applicability of this framework may enable the practical implementation of spasers for future integrated plasmonic applications.
Si(001) wafers (50.8 mm diameter) with a native oxide layer were used as the template. After a prebake step (180°C for 10 min), ~280 nm of an electron beam resist (Allresist, CSAR 62 AR-P 6200) was spin-cast onto each wafer (2000 rpm for 60 s). This was followed by a postbake step (150°C for 5 min). The resist was exposed using an electron beam lithography system (Vistec, EBPG5200; acceleration voltage, 100 kV; aperture size, 300 μm; and base dose, 290 μC/cm2). After exposure, the resist was developed (Allresist, AR 600-546), and the Si was etched (Oxford, Plasmalab System 100, HBr, 40 sccm, 80 W radio frequency). Afterward, the remaining resist was removed using oxygen plasma (100 W, 5 min) and exposure to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (>60 min at 130°C; Sigma-Aldrich). After a rinse with isopropanol, the Si templates were loaded into a thermal evaporator (Kurt J. Lesker, NANO 36) containing a homebuilt rotating sample holder tilted 30° from horizontal. About 1 μm of Ag (Kurt J. Lesker, 99.99%) was deposited at 50 Å/s under a chamber gas pressure of <10−7 torr while the sample rotated at ~60 rpm. After evaporation, the plasmonic cavities were manually template-stripped from the Si using a glass microscope slide bonded to the surface with an ultraviolet light-curable epoxy (Epoxy Technology, OG142-95) (25, 27). The direction of template stripping was chosen to minimize structural defects at the reflector walls.
Core/shell/shell CdSe/CdS/ZnS colloidal quantum dotrecipes (25). Their color was tuned by using smaller CdSe cores while adjusting the shells accordingly.
Quantum dots were transferred from hexane to tetradecane through selective evaporation. The concentration was adjusted to an absorbance of 0.5 at the lowest energy exciton absorption feature for a 1-mm path length. These inks were further diluted 1:3, 1:2, and 1:5 in tetradecane for the 602-, 625-, and 633-nm-emitting quantum dots, respectively. A description of the electrohydrodynamic NanoDrip printing setup can be found elsewhere (30). In addition, a 50× objective [Edmund Optics, Plan Apo ULWD; numerical aperture (NA), 0.42; working distance, 20.5 mm] was mounted at an angle of 45° for live inspection. Printing nozzles were fabricated by pullingnts) using a Sutter Instruments P-97 pipette puller. These were then coated (electron beam evaporation, Plassys, MEB550S) with a 10-nm titanium adhesion layer and a 100-nm layer of gold. The outer diameter of the nozzles was in the range of 1800 to 2000 nm. A dc electric potential of ~250 V was applied between the nozzle (+) and the template-stripped silver substrate (ground). The separation between the nozzle tip and the substrate was 5 μm. The 10-μm-long, 2-μm-wide, and ~100- to 400-nm-thick quantum dot stripes (for example, see Fig. 2C) were deposited by moving the substrate with a velocity of 6 μm/s in a serpentine-like and layer-by-layer fashion with a line pitch of 160 nm. Seven to 16 layers were added to obtain the desired thicknesses. Atomic force microscope (AFM) topographical images (see fig. S3) were measured in tapping mode with a Bruker Dimension FastScan AFM with a TESPA-V2 tip (8-nm tip radius).
For weak optical excitation (Fig. 2, B and D), a white-light light-emitting diode (Lumencor, SOLA SE II Light Engine) was used in conjunction with a dichroic beam splitter (488-nm long pass, AHF analysentechnik). The remaining images and spectra were obtained using a pulsed source. Pulses (450 nm; pulse duration, ~340 fs; repetition rate, 1 KHz) were generated by a collinear optical parametric amplifier (Spectra-Physics, Spirit-OPA) pumped by a 1040-nm pump laser (Spectra-Physics, Spirit-1040-8). After spectral filtering, the beam was directed through a gradient neutral density filter wheel to adjust the pulse power (Thorlabs, NDC-50C-2M-B). After beam expansion and collimation, a small portion of the beam was directed to a photodiode to monitor the pump power (Thorlabs, DET110). The remainder of the beam was passed through a defocusing lens (focal length of 150 mm) into an inverted microscope (Nikon, Eclipse Ti-U). The beam was then directed upward to the sample using through a 50× air objective (Nikon, TU Plan Fluor, 0.8 NA).
The defocusing lens was adjusted to provide a spot size of 60 to 70 μm. The spot size was determined from an image of the photoluminescence from a flat portion of a film of quantum dots. A cross-section of the spot was then fitted with the sum of two Gaussian functions, and the full-width at half-maximum was determined numerically. The excitation power density at the sample was monitored by correlating the power meter reading above the objective at the sample plane (Thorlabs, S170C with PM100D) with the electrical current reading from the photodiode.
Emthe dichroic beam splitter, emission filter (500-nm long pass, AHF analysentechnik) and relay lenses (focal length of 200 mm) into an imaging spectrometer (Andor, Shamrock 303i). The emission was dispersed with a grating of 300 lines/mm (500-nm blaze) and imaged with an air-cooled electron-multiplying charged-coupled device camera (Andor, iXon 888 Ultra). Real-space images were obtained using the zero-order mode of the same grating.
Template-stripped plasmonic cavities were cooled to 5°C on a copper block partially submerged in a solvent bath containing benzene and dry ice inside a homebuilt glovebox purged with dry N2 gas. Twenty microliters of a dispersion of quantum dots with an absorbance of 0.92 was used for drop-casting. Samples were allowed to dry on top of the block before warming up to room temperature within the glovebox.
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Acknowledgments: We thank E. De Leo, S. Meyer, Y. Fedoryshyn, and U. Drechsler for experimental assistance. grant agreement no. 339905 (QuaDoPS Advanced Grant)46180. J.C. acknowledges funding Author contributions: S.J.P.K., J.C., and D.J.N. conceived the ideas and planned the experiments. S.J.P.K. designed and fabricated the resonators with assistance from J.C. and K.M.M. D.K.K. synthesized the quantum dots. P. Rohner performed NanoDrip printing with assistance from P. Richner and supervision from D.P. K.-A.Z. developed the drop-casting method. J.C. performed optical measurements with assistance from S.J.P.K. and S.V.J. S.J.P.K., J.C., P. Rohner, and F.V.A. analyzed the data with guidance from D.J.N. S.J.P.K., J.C., and D.J.P. is involved with a start-up company that is attempting to commercialize NanoDrip printing. D.J.N., S.J.P.K., J.C., P. Rohner, F.V.A., K.-A.Z., and S.V.J. are authors on a pending International Patent Application through the European Patent Office (application no. PCT/EP 2017/064041, filed 8 June .


J“is behind the text, controlling its meaning,” using “intentionality” (s “self-defence” in response to Kerouac’
Johnson selects a bleak passage from Kerouac’s novel Bleak Angels, to illustrate his “woman hatred”: “For that lumpy roll flesh with the juicy ...view middle of the document...
Johnson does more than tell, she uses double subjectivity to let the reader understand the two Joyces, the naive one who “put on a lot of eye shadow” (p.127) to attract Kerouac, and the ‘other’ older woman who is “wondering all the same if it was true” (p.131), as the reader may be. Johnson demonstrates the “crucial link between author, narrator and protagonist,” (Lejeune in Anderson, p2). All three co-exist in the text, but none can be the real Johnson because, as Mandel argues, autobiography “pretends to be the whole life of the author” but “is a construction” (1980, p.570).
The author’s view of herself and Kerouac are narrated as separate strands: “as our paths converged in Howard Johnson’s we’re looking for different things.” (p.128). Johnson sets up the dichotomy of the battle of the sexes as “a funny game where I knew you weren’t supposed to blink, no matter what.” (p.130). This creates sympathy with the female reader as Johnson’s memoir is that of ‘Everywoman’ who do “not mind what he does” (p.133) and have “no wishes of my [their] own.” (p.129).
Johnson also celebrates the excitement of the late fifties, emphasising outsider Glassman’s “expectancy” (p.262) although she realises that “as a female she’s not quite part of this” as for Kerouac “women are all portrayed as spoilsports.” (p.260). This feminist text reflects with a tone of sadness a young girl who “never managed to explore as completely as I longed for” because in the 1950’s women bore the burdens of free love “on the abortionist’s table in the white room ...” (p.133) and Glassman’s mantra of “FLY NOW: PAY LATER” (p.129) is shockingly true for women but not for men.
Johnson employs a bitter-sweet tone, with humour tinged with sadness. The stray cat she rescues is symbolic of the untameable Kerouac, the cat “spends his days on the windowsill longing for the street ... vengefully spraying shoes” and trying to “pry the window open” (p.130).
Glassman viewed herself as “very small in that apartment” (ibid) reminiscent of “... everydayness ... bacon and eggs in the morning or the middle of the night,” (p.131) emphasising her...
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M at 46 russian. The order came quickly. Pants are very well sewn. Liked. A little stretch. They sat perfectly. Also put a gift. Thank you very much. I advise all this seller. The color may not be transmitted. But i ordered dark blue.
The goods came quickly. Packed well. The quality is excellent. The body is pleasant. Sit excellent. on the size 48-50-xxl sat perfectly. The seller is responsive. As a gift put a hair band. I recommend.
Fast shipping. Quality is decent. Cloth is dense. Pants are beautiful. On the russian 48 sat perfectly! The seller as a gift put an elastic band for hair, a trifle, but nice! I will order more!
Not bad, but i can not say that i’m delighted. The material is dense, but not very elastic, so when driving and sitting, the pants gather in uncomfortable folds. Planting is asked for higher, because. When you sit down, the pants slide behind, the panties stick out. The length of the height is 167 to the bone. Due to the fact that the trouser does not fit below, it looks not very good. In general, i will not take the second time. I will not shoot the stars, because. Stitched well, just the model is not on me and i did not like the material.
Pants are just gorgeous. I was afraid that narrow will be, but no, everything is super. The fabric is good, i liked the color. I recommend to everyone. Also, a small gift polozhilpleasantly.
Pants ir very good
Got her pants, everything perfectly fit on the hips 102 and the waist 85 took 2HL itself then the pockets are true a little melted but I generally sew the lock did not like it in the tone of the trousers and lighter and so the quality of sewing on 5 + I recommend unequivocally I want in a different color such
Pants are just class! The quality is super, the size matches. Very satisfied! Thank you seller! I recommend 100%
The order came in 20 days. Pants of excellent quality. At my height 162 cm length even below the ankles. But, keep in mind, from 67, OB 96, the size of M ooooochen in the guise, in the knee area is very tight, and in the abdomen. I had to take L, or even XL. I will order more. I recommend.
My parameters, 158, 76-102, delivery at the specified time, excessive table corresponds
Pants are excellent, quality at height, seller thanks.
Corresponds to the description. I took the size XXL on the parameters 76-100. You could take a smaller size. The fabric is dense enough, stretches well, does not crumple. Recommend seller and product.


The appearance of ghosts within the plays is almost always juxtaposed to a scene of writing. Hamlet takes dictation from the Ghost of his father: "My tables, meet it is I set it down/That one may smile, and smile, and be a villain!" (1.5.107–8) Old Hamlet's script is a revenge tragedy, perhaps the Ur- _Hamlet_. Hamlet will alter the script, will himself sign and seal what he will describe as a "play" on the voyage to England. But in this first encounter with the Ghost we see a further rewriting of authority as well.
Within the book and volume of my brain. (99–103)
"Thy commandment" (to revenge) replaces all the saws and pressures, or seals, of the past. In this post-Mosaic transmission of the law from father to son one kind of erasure (or "wiping away") is already taking place. The Ghost himself is under erasure – " 'tis here, 'tis here, 'tis gone" – visible and invisible, potent and impotent. But _all_ ghosts are under erasure; that is their status. What Hamlet writes down in _his_ tables is the doubled plot of the Mousetrap play, for to smile and smile and be a villain is not only a description of Claudius, but also of Hamlet, just as Hamlet glosses the figure of "one Lucianus, nephew to the King" in the Mousetrap as both a sign of his knowledge of Claudius' guilt in the past, and a threat of his own revenge in the future. The integration of the Ghost into the compositefigure of "Hamlet the Dane" begins with this scene of writing, as Hamlet writes himself into the story and writes the Ghost out, revising the revenge imperative (and the imperative of the revenge play).
The ghost of Julius Caesar is appropriated as a ghost writer by Mark Antony in the funeral oration. It is clear from the moment of the assassination that the conspirators have killed the wrong Caesar, the man of flesh and blood and not the feared and admired monarch. They have, so to speak, killed the wrong author-function, the one associated with the proper name and not with the works. Brutus's despairing cry, "4–6) records his sense of Caesar as uncanny omnipresence, and conflates his two sightings of the Ghost with the self-destructive actions of the conspirators. Antony will himself become a "seizer" of opportunity, in the public reading of Caesar's _will_ , "under Caesar's seal" (3.2.240), that leaves his money and pleasure-grounds to the people. In effect he makes Caesar, the dead and living Caesar of the author-function, his own ghost writer, the more effaced, the more powerful.
Brutus, who actually sees great Caesar's ghost, participates in a crucial scene of writing and authorial appropriation, an appropriation that occurs, significantly, _before_ the assassination itself, as Brutus walks at night in his orchard. A letter is thrown in at his window, and, as he reads it, he writes it:
"Brutus, thou sleep'st; awake, and see thyself!
Shall Rome, etc. Speak, strike, redress!"
"Brutus, thou sleep'st; awake!"
Such instigations have been often dropp'd
Where I have took them up.
"Shall Rome, etc." Thus must I piece it out:
Shall Rome stand under one man's awe? What, Rome?
My ancestors did from the streets of Rome
The Tarquin drive when he was call'd a king.
"Speak, strike, redress!" Am I entreated
If the redress will follow, thou receivest
Thy full petition at the hand of Brutus! (2.1.46–58)
Brutus supplies this anonymous document with what is in fact a dead (i.e. inanimate) author – "Rome." "Rome" enjoins him to join the conspiracy. "Shall Rome, etc." – like many of the Shakespeare ciphers – gives the interpreter considerable latitude to inscribe his own message ("thy full petition at the _hand_ of Brutus"). The hand that rewrites here is of course also the hand that kills. The anonymity of the communication itself encodes authority – the importunings of a mere individual, like Cassius, are suspect because they are tied to a flawed human persona, and to personal motives. Receiving the letter, Brutus elects to ignore the possibility of a merely human agent, and to regard it instead as an uncanny answer to his own latent thought, about himself and his love-relationship to Rome. Here Brutus becomes his own ghost writer, and gives to the author he creates the pseudonym of "Rome."
Another kind of ghostly self-erasure can be seen in the famous "deposition scene" in _Richard II_ (4.1.). There Richard, denying any possibility of a split between persona and role, the king's two bodies (or the proper name of the author and his works, to use Foucault's partition), sees himself as erased, tranformed into a shadow or ghost of himself, when he is deposed by Bullingbrook:
I have no name, no title,
No, not that name was given me at the font,
But 'tis usurp'd...
O that I were a mockery king of snow,
Standing before the sun of Bullingbrook,
To melt myself away in water drops! (4.1.255–62)
A "deposition" is both a forced removal from office and a piece of testimony taken down for use in the witness's absence (as well as the term describing the lowering of Christ's body from the cross – Richard's view of the event). Richard here deposes at his own deposition, figuring himself as a snowman whose whiteness and impermanence is tragically vulnerable to the kingly sun. He is already a voice from the past, and the disembodied voice, the ghost of Richard II, will haunt the rest of the tetralogy with increasing power.
Bullingbrook had faulted the "skipping king" Richard for his availability to the people. He himself, by being seldom seen, will be more wondered at, more the stuff of legend, reverence, and fantasy. Like Arnold's vision of a Shakespeare "unguessed-at. – Better so!" – this strategy locates power in absence: absence of personality, absence of fact, absence of peculiarity. But the question is also one of suitability, of fitting the role. Richard is the lineal king, the king by Divine Write, by Holy Writ. But Bullingbrook, like Bacon, fits the part, with his winning manners and his "fair discourse" (2.3.6). It is striking that one of his complaints against Richard is that the king has erased his name and coat of arms from the windows of the family estate, "leaving me no sign,/Save men's opinion and my living blood,/To show the world I am a gentleman" (3.1.25–7).
As with a "deposition," so with a "will" – the dead hand is a living voice replacing the original author, and open to interpretation. Thus, in _The Merchant of Venice_ , Portia complains that in the mandatory casket choice "the will of a living daughter [is] curb'd by the will of a dead father" (1.2.24–5). Shakespeare – if it is he – puns on his own name as an absent presence enforcing desire and authority (or failing to enforce them) throughout the _Sonnets_ , and, as we have seen, Mark Antony makes of the "will" of the murdered Caesar read aloud to the plebeians a document that encodes his own "will," his own authority over the original conspirators.
But if ghosts are often writers, so too are writers often ghosts. The question of Shakespeare's signature, especially as it appears (three times) on his _will_ , can also be


Xamarin is a relatively new framework on the app development scene, launched in 2011. It has quickly gained a following and a fanbase. According to Statista, in 2018, Xamarin was one of the ten most widely used frameworks among developers.
Why are there so many Xamarin developers? Its ability to draw upon the advantages of C#, efficiency in terms of code sharing, and scalability attract developers from all over the world. However, if you are not yet convinced to choose Xamarin as your next mobile development framework, this post will help you get more info about the framework and its advantages.
The Xamarin framework is a suite o founding team used C# as the base language. In fact, it's the only language a developer needs to develop a Xamarin web app.
That's why the framework is the right choice for beginners who are yet to learn Objective-C or Swift.
There are two approaches to Android app development with Xamarin.
This tool is a fit in case you want to create a static cross-platform app with little-to-no code changes. Using Xamarin Forms, teams benefit from superior prototyping and development speeds can freely choose a pre-made screen layout, and can write code both for iOS and Android.
In a nutshell, Xamarin Forms is a good fit for static, data-driven apps - databases, listview projects.
Xamarin Native is a suite of tools that allows developers to create native tools for each chosen platform - Windows, Android, or iOS. While all three projects share a backend, every single one of them has a separate user interface.
Non-Portable .NET libraries support.
Projects that use Xamarin Native usually rely on system-specific features or offer complex user interactions - games, content editing apps, and so on.
Basically, the framework is adapted to all challenges a project team might face during a Microsoft Xamarin development cycle. It successfully tailors the needs of small and global teams and is capable of supporting complex apps with a robust back-end and a multi-layered interface.
According to the framework's official website, Xamarin is currently used by over 15,000 companies. Industry giants like Siemens and Bosch, along with ambitious tech pioneers like Slack rely on the platform.
Why are global corporations putting their trust in Xamarin? There are more than a handful of reasons to choose the framework for app development.
Xamarin's huge reliance on C# is a framework's major advantage. The language has a strong safety typing, so all the written code will be protected from unexpected behavior. Also, Xamarin supports a fair share of .NET features - asynchronous programming. LINQ, Lambdas, and many more. Choosing Xamarin, developers can leverage the benefits of C# libraries as well.
Thanks to the fact that Xamarin-based apps share a codebase (and, in case of Xamarin Forms, a user interface), it's easier for development teams to support the project's performance throughout the entire product's life cycle.
Shared code increases the speed of testing and bug fixing - also, a business manager will not have to hire separate teams to manage an iOS, Android, or Windows Phone app. As a result, choosing Xamarin as a part of the iOS or Android app development stack reduces the cost of development by significant numbers.
Developing apps for Apple Watches and Android Wear is a growing trend. However, only a few frameworks fully support wearable app development. The good news is, with Xamarin, you'll be able to create a functional app for smartwatches using the Visual Studio. The framework uses a native approach for wearable project development. That's why you'll be able to rely on system-specific features when designing software for Apple Watch, Android Wear, or Microsoft Band.
Unlike Native (Xamarin's main rival), the framework doesn't make developers change the environment depending on the platform. To create a mobile app on Xamarin, you need to run Visual Studio on a Windows or Mac computer. Then, you will be able to connect to virtual Android or iOS emulators for app testing.
Xamarin allows developers to design interfaces and workflows - all while using a single environment. Moreover, Visual Studio can be connected to a physical device so that a project team can improve the quality of testing and debugging.
After being acquired by Microsoft, Xamarin has become yet more developer-friendly. It has shifted to an open-source license. For the last few years, developers have access to all the SDKs of the framework.
Other Xamarin tools that are now open-source and free to use include Forms, command-line instruments, and API bindings.
While Xamarin is used by large-scale companies, its core user base consists of startup managers looking forward to testing the waters of the mobile app market. In fact, Xamarin is one of the most fitting tools to support basic projects. 100% code sharing provided by Forms and a wide list of pre-made templates significantly improves the speed of prototyping and the entire development cycle.
As of late, Xamarin has encouraged tech businesses to collaborate with the framework by providing pre-configured templates. Dozens of companies have developed and shared preconfigured controls designed specifically for the framework. This way, an app developer has to spend less time working on user experience.
Xamarin is open to beginning developers. The founding team has created Xamarin University - a platform that offers a ton of content for C# and the package learning. Unfortunately, starting from June, this year, the University is no longer updated. However, all the online classes and guest lectures are available at Microsoft Learn.
Xamarin has a strong community. You will be able to get development tips and ask framework-related questions using Community Forums.
Make sure all team members are in the loop. Cross-platform Xamarin app development requires top-notch communication. It's a good practice to establish daily standup meetings as well as encouraging open discussions over Slack.
Estimate the needed time for development on a feature-by-feature basis. Asking an iOS or Android Xamarin developer to determine how much time is needed to build a ready-to-the-market product is challenging. Instead, it's better to calculate an estimate for each of the app's individual components. This way, a project team will end up with a more accurate development timeline.
Use Visual Studio Mobile Center. A fair share of developers misses out on Mobile Center. In fact, it condenses all the tools needed by developers. For one thing, you will be able to test and release apps automatically. Mobile Center combines testing and analytics tools with a minimalistic, sleek interface. Basically, the platform combines the power of Xamarin Test Cloud, VSTS, and the Hockey App.
Decide which platforms the app will support beforehand. Selecting the operating systems that will run the product is crucial - otherwise, you might choose a package that's not supported by one or several targets.
Xamarin is a relatively new app development platform - however, the range of opportunities it opens to SMEs is tremendous. The framework does an impressive job at cutting development costs While Xamarin might not be able to fully support feature-heavy apps for Android, iOS, or Windows, it's a solid choice for small-scale projects. Thanks to a wide range of supported platforms along with a broad number of interactions, Xamarin is one of the mobile application development industry frontrunners.


Miami Marine Stadium Renovation May Be On The Way (CBS4 Reports)	by	The305	October 28, 2009	CBS 4 (Miami) – Miami Marine Stadium used to be the focal point for iconic cultural and political events. After Hurricane Andrew’s winds shut down the stadium due to roof damage, it remained empty; to this day, the stadium continues to deteriorate, covered in graffiti of all shapes, colors and sizes.
Sitting empty on Key Biscayne, the stadium is now being ranked with famous landmarks as Machu Picchu and the Old City of Jerusalem â€“ placed on the World Monuments Fund’.
In 2002, Miami Mayor Manny Diaz promised to refurbish the stadium, but the building remains empty behind downtown Miami’s glittering high-rises. Now, The World Monument Fund in New York is making a move to turn Diaz’s promise into reality.
The stadium has been the host for scores of powerboat races, was th, and was“Clambake” – about an oil tycoon’s heir swapping places with a poor water-skier – was filmed there.
It’s also .
“I ”“saddened” to see how his creation has deteriorated.
Nonetheless, the building does not lay forgotten. The cityeut it on “most endangered” list. On Oct. 1, it received its biggest endorsement yet:  the restoration effort.
“It’s a symbol of everything that’s great about Florida — boats, music, water and great Florida fun,” Buffett says in the video, against a backdrop of images of him singing “Margaritaville” at the stadium, during the 1985 concert. Tens of thousands of people packed the stadium and the water, and it was also the first concert video the singer ever released.
The World Monument Fund is a non-“n’t let this fall down. And it’ce,”Fund.
Restoring the building won’t befurbish,’s unclear exactly how much restoration will cost, and Miami is especially cash-strapped.
There are eight other sites in the U.S. that landed on the list, some of them just as puzzling: Atlanta-Fulton Central Public Library, the bridges on the treelined and 1940s-era Merritt Parkway in Connecticut, the Phillis Weatley Elementary School in New Orleans, and even the broadly defined “cultural landscape” of Hadley, Mass., a town Original Source / CBS4
CaHONEY – Isyss	by	The305	-
Oct 28, 2009	NEXT ARTICLE	Vote for Miami’s DJ DEPHTONE for the 2010 SEA Awards	by	The305	-
Oct 28, 2009	MIAMI RESOURCES	Miami Zip Codes


Last time I spoke about how I think apps have created the need for more entrepreneurs within IT departments, which got me thinking about entrepreneurship more broadly.
But how are these foods and drinks any different, what warrants the craft badge? The main reason is that the consumables are produced by independents, small entrepreneurial manufacturers who aren't listed on any stock exchanges, producing small batches at a premium price. They are generally committed individuals who have poured all their energy and savings into their endeavour and don't begrudge a 12 hour day because they are doing it for themselves. They take risks but believe wholeheartedly in their efforts, and most of the time their love for their product shines through.
Could the answer be as simple as identifying whether the development project is niche and creative vs. large-scale and structured and then deciding on an approach?
As I have said previously, big businesses need to create the structures for entrepreneurship within their IT department to win new customers. Perhaps one way to do this is to get them to embody a craft ethos on projects where innovation and new customer growth are the driving forces. To some degree app developers are craft developers, so how can you get this type of mindset into your organisation when it comes to deciding how to run creative projects?


In a recent case of first impression,  ruling that a disappointed bidder lacked standing to challenge a contract awarded by a non-Commonwealth entity under the Public-Private Transportation Partnership Act (P3 Act). In Read more
The lower court was also correct in holding that the Mayor and the Director of Public Works had a clear legal duty to receive the bids, to open them and read them aloud. There is nothing in the statute and Ordinance, quoted above, which would authorize the Mayor to institute, by his own initiative, a prequalification procedure under which he could disqualify a prospective bidder.
The Court in Flaherty held that there was a mandatory, ministerial duty to receive and open all bids that were in proper form and timely received. Thus, an order of mandamus could issue. The Flaherty case can be found here.
In Harris v. City of Philadelphia, 299 Pa. 473, 149 A. 722 (1930), a bidder filed for an injunction against the City of Philadelphia to prevent the award of a contract to a bidder who had been selected under a prequalification plan. The plan at issue in Harris effectively sanctioned a “favorites” list. As the Supreme Court stated: “It [the ordinance] further specifies that the answers received shall be scrutinized by the director of the department which is to supervise the performance of the contract, and, if he is satisfied, the prospective bidder’s name shall be placed on what is known as the ‘white list’ of that contract.”
Not surprisingly, the Supreme Court found that the prequalification plan at issue in Harris was fatally flawed. This decision rested on the longstanding rule which was stated as follows:
Following all of our cases, therefore, we again lay down the rule that all bidders on a municipal contract must be accorded the same treatment, for not otherwise can the requirements of the statute be complied with. The city may, as heretofore she has done, accept and schedule all bids, and then, if acting in good faith, refuse to award the contract to one who is the lowest bidder, because he is not the ‘lowest responsible bidder.’ Or she may, as she is now attempting to do, determine in advance who are responsible bidders, and refuse to receive bids from those who, after treating all alike, she determines are not in that class. But she may not impose conditions on one prospective bidder, which are not imposed upon all; nor may she enforce a method by which, through favoritism, one person may be conclusively authorized to bid on a pending contract, while another, equally as responsible and perhaps more so, is wholly excluded from even submitting a bid.
In the criminal fraud case involving Schuylkill Products(see my earlier post here about this case), the former Schuylkill Products vice presidents in charge of sales and marketing and field operations received lengthy19 million.
The official press release on the sentencing can be found here. This is from the press release:
Posted on February 4, 2014 by Christopher I. McCabe, Esq. in DBE/MBE/WBE Leave a comment
Ryco Steel Products Procurement Act Lawsuit Settled For $429,000
The official AG press release can be found here.
Posted on January 16, 2014 by Christopher I. McCabe, Esq. in Steel Products Act 29 30 Next »


0 to Rs 85,000 per kg in the Indian market in the coming months.
Q) What is gold-silver ratio and what does it generally indicate? Why should one know about it?
Q) Crude oil prices seem to be gradually moving upwards with intermittent consolidation. Do you think Brent crude futures formed the base around $40 a barrel now and are inching towards $50 a barrel?
A) I am not very bullish at current levels as all the fundamentals like mining disruptions, additional stimulus measures, improving Chinese demand and opening up of economic activities have been discounted in current prices. We may soon see some profit-booking in base metal prices as the fundamentals don't support prices above current levels. Some speculative trades may drive the prices up and down in a limited range from here. I suggest a sell in Copper around Rs 520 targeting Rs 480 with a stop loss at Rs 535 in a month's time at MCXeijing Gas Blue Sky Announces 2020 Interim Results
HONG KONG, Aug. 31, 2020 /PRNewswire/ --
- In HY2020, recorded total gas sales volume of 342.0 million cubic meters, of which gas sales volume of direct supply service increased significantly by 132.52.3 million cubic meters
- Gross profit and gross profit margin were HK$114.0 million and 9.4% respectively
- The Group made good progress in its measure aiming to reduce cost and improve efficiency. In the first half of the year, administrative expenses decreased by 7.8HK$[16.1 million
- The Group made active effort to optimize financing structure with the assistance from its controlling shareholder. Finance cost decreased by 22106.2 million
In terms of expenses, the Group made remarkable16.1 million (HY2019: HK$125.9 million), because the Group optimized its organization structure and imposed strict control on expense to realize a year-on-year decrease in all administrative expenses (HY2019: HK$136.4 million), and the overall finance cost phenomenally recorded a year-on-year decrease even though the overall interest-bearing liabilities increased because t, and convertible bonds with higher financial cost were all paid off as of 30 June 2020, which resulted in increase in proportion of borrowing from commercial banks with lower financial cost.
As at 30 June 2020, the Group had 8 city gas concession rights. During the period, an additional city gas concession right located in Jilin Chagan Lake Ecological Town was granted. In the first half of the year, the Group connected gas pipelines for 24,990 new users and the cumulative number of users reached 502,433, of which 24,901 99,850. The natural gas sold to residential users amounted to 36.2 million cubic meters (HY2019: 35.7 million cubic meters). The Group secured 89reached 2,583 with natural gas sold to industrial and commercial users reaching 30.5 million cubic meters (HY2019: 51.9 million cubic meters)66.7 million cubic meters (HY2019: 87.6 million cubic meters) during the period, representing a decrease of 23. sales income of HK$332.7 million (HY2019: HK$465.4 million), representing a decrease of 28.of which income from connection projects increased by 155.28.0 million (HY2019: HK$50.2 million). Among the city gas consumption combination, residential gas consumption


"The potential benefits to patients are huge," saidaid,"


Mordred - film stills


2019 NCAPA PA of the Year
Carole Holt, PA-C, has been named the 2019 NCAPA PA of the Year! Carole just retired this year, in July, after practicing as a PA for 41 years. When she retired, she was the Director of the Novant Health Oncology Specialists’ Cancer Prevention and Wellness Clinic, where she had been since 2015. Prior to that, she had spent many years working with Dr. Judy Hopkins in Medical Oncology. And, before turning her focus to oncolog the Triad, where she did preventative care for underserved patients.
Carole Holt, PA-C, center, with co-workers at the Cancer Prevention and Wellness Clinic
One of Carole’s co-workers explains that she “connected with patients in a way that far few providers seem to be able to do in today’s healthcare setting. She explained things in a way that people understood and they responded with trust and confidence.” Carole treated those individuals “more like a person than a patient.” Her dedication and enthusiasm “positively impacted the lives of innumerable patients and their families.”


The Align Tope top (Yalign selected figures with to the top position of the first selected figure:
n Top.
The following images display the selection order of items to be aligned.


Cherry Meat Company
USDA & Custom Meat Processor
Family owned and operated, Cherry Meat Company proudly serves Middle Tennessee from their Chapel Hill meat processing facility..
We’re and as always, give us a ring at (931) 364-7924 -or- contact us here.


2. Geography of Rome • Located on the center of the Italian peninsula – Location by the water will help eventually help Rome control the Mediterranean • If Italy looks like a leg, Rome is on the kneecap • Protected from invasions in the north by the Alps
3. From Kingdom to Republic – The Etruscans and Rome • Romulus and Remus: legendary twins rescued by a shewolf; founded Rome in 753 B.C.E. • The Etruscans dominated Italy between the eighth and fifth centuries B.C.E. • The Romans overthrew the Etruscans in the 5th century B.C.E.
4. – The Roman republic and its constitution • Establishment of the republic – Rome conquered the Etruscans in 509 B.C.E. – Created a republic with a Senate dominated by the Patricians – Consuls were elected by the Senate – Senate advised the consuls and ratified major decisions • Conflicts between patricians and plebeians – Patricians granted plebeians tribunes – Tribunes' power to intervene and veto decisions – Patricians also agreed to codify laws into the Laws of the Twelve Tables
5. Excerpt from Table IX Law I. • No privileges, or statutes, shall be enacted in favor of private persons, to the injury of others contrary to the law common to all citizens, and which individuals, no matter of what rank, have a right to make use of. Law II. • The same rights shall be conferred upon, and the same laws shall be considered to have been enacted for all the people residing in and beyond Latium, that have been enacted for good and steadfast Roman citizens. • How are the laws of the twelve tables similar to modern laws?
6. – The expansion of the republic • Rome consolidated its position in Italy, fifth and fourth centuries B.C.E. • Conflict with Carthage (Punic Wars) and Hellenistic realms • Rome became a major power in the Mediterranean Sea
7. From republic to empire – The foundation of empire • Julius Caesar: very popular social reformer and conqueror (Gaul) – – – – Seized Rome in 49 B.C.E. (start around 5:30) Claimed the title "dictator for life," 46 B.C.E. Social reforms and centralized control Assassinated in 44 B.C.E. • Octavian brought civil conflict to an end – Senate bestowed title "Augustus", 27 B.C.E. – Monarchy disguised as a republic – Created an army under his control – Rome becomes more of an empire
8. – Continuing expansion and integration of the empire • Roman expansion into Mediterranean basin, western Europe, down Nile to Kush • Pax romana, 250 years of relative peace and prosperity • Well-engineered Roman roads; postal system
9. Economy and society in the Roman Mediterranean – Trade and urbanization • Owners of latifundia [large estates]focused on specialized crops for export • Mediterranean trade – Many ports in Italy, Greece, and northern Africa – Roman navy kept the seas largely free of pirates – The Mediterranean became a Roman lake • The city of Rome – – – – – Wealth fueled urban development Statues, pools, fountains, arches, temples, stadiums First use of concrete as construction material Attracted numerous immigrants Attractions: baths, pools, gymnasia, circuses, stadiums, amphitheaters
10. – Family and society in Roman times • The pater familias--eldest male of the family ruled – Women wielded considerable influence within their families – Many women supervised family business and wealthy estates • Wealth and social change – Newly rich classes built palatial houses and threw lavish banquets – Cultivators and urban masses lived at subsistence level – Poor classes became a serious problem in Rome and other cities – No urban policy developed, only "bread and circuses" • Slavery--one-third of the population – Spartacus's uprising in 73 B.C.E. – Urban slaves eventually saw better conditions and possibility of gaining freedom
11. The cosmopolitan Mediterranean – Greek philosophy and religions of salvation • Roman deities: gods, goddesses, and household gods • Greek influence--Stoicism – Appealed to Roman intellectuals – Cicero (106-43 B.C.E.) persuasive orator and writer on Stoicism • Religions of salvation gave sense of purpose and promised afterlife – Roman roads served as highways for religious spread
12. – Conquered people were allowed to keep their own religions but were expected to treat the emperor like a god – Monotheistic Jews considered state cults to be blasphemy, Rome let this slide for a while – Jesus of Nazareth • Charismatic Jewish teacher, taught devotion to God and love for human beings • Attracted large crowds through his wisdom and miraculous powers • The teaching "the kingdom of God is at hand" alarmed the Romans • Crucifixion in early 30s C.E. • Apostles claimed he was the messiah
13. Judaism • • • • • Major belief: monotheism Rules: Ten Commandments and Hebrew Law Holy Book: Torah Important People: Moses and Abraham History: – Hebrews emerged near ancient Babylon in Mesopotamia – Enslaved by Babylonians then Egyptians – Forced out of Rome 70 AD- Jewish Diaspora – Remained landless until 1948
14. Christianity • Major beliefs: monotheism and Golden Rule • Rules: Ten Commandments • Holy Book: Bible (Broken into 2 parts) – Old Testament- based on the Torah – New Testament- based on the life of Jesus • Important People: Moses, Abraham, Jesus, the apostles • History in Rome: – Grew out of Judaism, Jesus was Jewish – Refused to worship emperor as a god  persecution – Promise of salvation and willingness of worshippers to become martyrs  conversions – Constantine makes Rome Christian around 300 C.E. – When Rome fell, the Church became a source of order and strength for the people of Europe
15. Roman Achievements • The concept of a republican form of government governed by a constitution and a fixed body of law that guaranteed the rights of citizens. • Elaborate transportation and communications networks with sophisticated roads, sea lanes linking port cities, and an imperial postal system. • Economically specialized regions, either in the development of cash crops for export or in localized industries. • New cities built throughout the empire with unprecedented levels of sanitation, comfort, and entertainment opportunities. • Widespread dissemination of philosophical beliefs and values, like Stoicism, and religions of salvation, like Christianity.
16. Review • • • • • • Rome: Crash Course World History How did Rome begin? What was the early government of Rome like? How did the plebeians finally get more rights? Why were the Punic wars important? How did Julius Caesar change Rome?


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They'd be cool, but I don't think we're getting them any time soon. </s> T KK, and his acts must be countersigned by a minister. as a temporary government until the new government is formed) offers hi. On July 5, 2K K^ "Jean-Luc Dehaene stapt in de ring als bemiddelaar" (in Dutch). De Standaard. 2007-07-05. Retrieved 2010-06-18. </s> We welcome applications from students across the city and county, indeed we have a significant number of applications from outside the catchment area.
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>username_0: @kw2542 the new version has been released, I have upgraded. So test back to how it was. Added in constraints on the Kafka module to manage the transitive Kafka dependencies of Jackson. Please revie info in docf64f36440c05b4ef51662254593e7961bf8b81370f621738478250-1K7Zt7O9ns9P6srQPM4E2g1ODHiYIhYCczB%2B%2BIr2NOI%3D&st=2021-02-12T17%3A43%3A21Z&se=2021-03-15T17%3A48vecheck blocks using :head
This adds explanatory comments before `livecheck` blocks using `url :head`, as these are exceptions and we prefer to align checks with the `stable` source whenever possible. Other instances already have an explanatory comment or are self-explanatory (i.e., `stable` and `head` are the same source but the `stable` URL can't be processed into the `head` URL, so we use `url :head`). This is part of the ongoing work to minimize usage of `url :head` in `livecheck` blocks.
Due to the nature of these changes, I've simply formatted this as one commit but I can rework this as one-commit-per-formulan't too many formulae here, so we should probably stick to one commit per formula.
Also, this may create a merge conflict in #70826, which isn't ideal, given how long CI runs on that PR in #70826 and rebased it on this one and there weren't any conflicts, so this should be fine to merge without affectiExample vs. VC Data Model
username_0: The [Query By Example query example](https://w3c-ccg.github.io/vp-request-spec/#example-2-a-query-by-example-query) contains two properties in the `example` credential that are not in the [or in the JSON-LD contexts of the credential:
- `trustedIssuer`
- `issuerQuery`
Should these two properties be moved up a level or two so to be out of the example credential object?
In general, should the credential in the `QueryByExample` `credentialQuery` `example` object be valid according to `vc-data-model` and/or `vc-test-suite`? (e.g. must have a `issuer` URI, `issuanceDate`, and `credentialSubject`.) Or is it its own thing that looks like a credential but has these additional properties that we could define? If it is strictly according to `vc-data-model`, how can it represent allowing one of multiple issuers?
Could an existing standard be used here instead? e.g. [JSON Schema](https://json-schema.org/). There is also [JSON Predicates](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-snell-json-test-07) but that is expired. Or is better to have a custom predicate format fottempting to telepose PSI spells onto a ship
username_0: While the teleportation of entities onto Valkyrien Skies ships leads to many bugs, this is the worst one I've come accross so far.
When teleporting a Psi spell entity onto a ship via a Blood Magic teleposer, the game crashes instanly without a fault, immediately after executing the spell (and successfully giving out the spell result).
Teleposing people, items, or simple entities like arrows works perfectly fine.
Players end up on the ship in "real space" while arrows in "shipyard space", yet are still teleposed successfully with no crashes.
The crash report is the only log that contains any info, latest.log contains only the line:
"[19:52:41"
* Forge 14.23.5.2854
* Valkyrien Skies


New Louth U20 boss Kierans learning from the Master Pete McGrath
Wayne Kierans. (Pic: Ciarán Culligan)
Wayne Kierans admits he could not have turned down the offer to work closelyThe O’Connell’s clubman was appointed the county’s U20 manager last week, a role he will fulfill along with being a senior team selector under McGrath.
Kierans will link-up with Liam Kelleher (Dreadnots) and Shane Lennon (Kilkerley Emmets) with the U20 team, both of whom he worked with as manager of the Louth minor team between 2016-17.
The result of his commitments will invariably be him spending night-after-night at Darver Centre of Excellence, however, it’s something he’s looking forward to with the added benefit of learning from the serial All-Ireland winner himself, McGrath.
“The opportunity to work and learn from Pete McGrath and the magnificent leader that he is, I certainly wasn’t going to be turning that down,” Kierans told The Dundalk Democrat.
“I’m aware that it’s going to be a hectic time, travelling up and down to Darver every night of the week, but I’m willing to do it. To be honest, I’m looking forward to it because Pete’s a good man. A very, very warm guy who has absolutely no ego about him whatsoever. He’s got vast experience and I’m enjoying working with him so far, and that goes for Declan Mussen and Aaron Hoey. I think we’ve a good set-up there.
“But, there’s only one thing that I’m going to be doing with Pete McGrath from a personal point of view, and that’s learning,” he quipped.
Kierans views taking the U20 job as a “natural progression” from his successful time in charge of the Louth minors. He guided the crop of 2017 to the county’s first Leinster final at the grade since 1971, a year after suffering an agonising quarter-final exit to Laois.
With that 2016 defeat in mind, he feels an obligation to complete the ‘unfinished business’ with lads such as Sam Mulroy, Ross Nally and Eimhin Keenan – all of whom are currently under his watch with the senior team.
“There’s unfinished business with those lads and they’ll be keen to make up for it,” he said.
“We’re hoping to have a really strong panel because Eoghan (Callaghan) was the only crossover between both squads. I know all these players, bearing in mind form and injury, you know who you would want in the panel, but that’s not to say that it’s closed.
“I know the players inside out and if you’re going to develop the right quality of player, you need to be competing at the top end of the Leinster U17 and U20 championships. The aim is to compete at the business end of these competitions and the business end is semi-finals and finals.
“But we can’t shout from the rooftops in Louth that we’re going to win Leinster Championships,very strongly. Did we compete in the Leinster Minor Championship this year, of course we did, we got to the final and hopefully we can do that again,” said Kierans.


How much CAN we and SHOULD we be mekabel (we meaning parents checking out or ppl checking for themselves) when it comes to information?!? Especially when we ask ppl we assume knows the candidate well but may very well not!
Are you making sure that the info you heard can be backed up? OR is it one person’s opinion? etc.at?!? I barely notice it anymore. It’s what the stores sell. And so either you get it or like me you search hi and low till you find something decent and nice for an affordable price.
How bad is it to get a job in something you really arent interested in just so that you have a job and then to keep looking for something you really want to do??
give me a break…. do what your name says!
interesting shaila… go check it up all you masmidei YW!
[email protected]… thanks but where is the story from….
Everyone else…. c’mon there has gotta be more ppl that can offer davening stories and content for a shiur on tefilla for elementary school!!
Oh and one more thing, I don’t have to do what everyone else is doing… I dont mind off the beaten track as long as it’s not walking around town in a clown costume!
Well… I know that jobs are not for fun but you can’t be miserable at them. And if something is not your skill and not your strength why spend thousands to go into something you will not be good at?!?!
Pahuteh Yid…. it ain’t so “pashut” like you make it sound. You see, I love to do for people but the medical feild makes me cringe and I lots of things bore me to sleep. I like computers but too long in front of one makes me dizzy! I like klal work but the jobs are all either for experienced ppl way farther along the road of life and kiruv involves too much exposure to things I really want to stay away from. It’s scaring me that I really don’t know what it is that I want to do! I guess I can settle for something but… I better figure out what it is… and as for the college thing, as soon as I finish my “Jewish” B.A. in nothing (a.k.a. lib arts) I dont have any interest in going further cuz I’m fizzed out from it and as I said before dont really have an interest in those things.


Dell Design-A-Thon brings design And Technology Under One Roof – Top Architecture magazine|Best Architecture Journals in India
Dell hosted the Dell Design-a-thon – a 24-hour long competition to be held in 4 cities; for designers from various industries including architecture, engineering and construction, media & entertainment and design institutes. Similar to a Hack-a-thon, Dell Designathon is a challenge-oriented event, focused on businesses and companies that depend on design for product development.
Participating teams are coming together to create a conceptual design to showcase their vision of A Sustainable & Inclusive Future and a Human–Machine synergetic Future. Participants will be invited to designs across the following categories: Products, Living, Mobility, Homes, and Fashion.


We are giving you a chance to win a copy of both 12 Strong and 15:17 to Paris. Both movies are packed with action and are based on a true story. All you need to do to have chance to win is to tweet me HERE the name of the actor who is in 12 Strong that was in the military before he become an actor!Good luck!


Discover the origin of the national drink by Explore the Magic Town of Tequila, Jalisco. Experience with the sensations of the blue agave fieldsa in the most representative distilleries of Mexico.
Leaving from the established hotel, during the trip to the magical Town of Tequila, you will appreciate the blue agave fields where we will have our first stop in the farmlands. Later, wtequila (José Cuervo, Casa Herradura, Casa Sauza) and offer an exclusive tour of the delights, including the tasting of tequila. To end the afternoon, we will go to the area of the giant barrels, taking approximately 45 minutes to explore and take pictures. After entering we’ll have dinner in an underground restaurant to enjoy a delicious Mexican buffet.
Private Tour Service for 6-7 hours.
Tour à la carte (you choose the points to visit).
Flexibility of schedules and itineraries.
The tour adapts to your needs.
Greater comfort and better use of destinations.
Driver and bilingual tour guide.
Explanation of the tequila process.
Visit to the Agaveros Fields (Natural Patrimony of the Humanity).
Visit to the Magical Town of Tequila.
Visit to the Giant Tequila Barrels.
Visit to an underground theme restaurant.
* Does not include food.
10:00 hrs. We start from your hotel.
11:00 hrs. First stop in the Agave Landscape to appreciate the blue agave fields.
12:00 hrs Visit to one of the most prestigious tequila factories.
12:20 hrs. Tasting and explanation of the process in distillery.
15:00 hrs. Transfer to La Cofradía, place of gigantic barrels.
Free time to explore and take pictures.
18:00 hrs. Return to the city of Guadalajara.
7:00 pm Arrival at the Hotel.
Copy of confirmation mail.
Cancellation the same day of the tour is not refunded.
Do we have some room for flexibility?
Yes, you can make modifications of the tour when talking to the guide.


Human Origins Theory Tested By Recent Findings 272
That's what I don't understand in TFA. (Score:4, Interesting):Homo Mormonus (Score:4, Interesting)
Re:I'm not sure I see the problem (Score:5, Interesting)
Cohabitation, not just for monkeys (Score:3, Interesting):I wonder... (Score:2, Interesting).
So if the predictions in the OT are evaluated after the fact, --and the source document predates the fulfillment of the "prophecy", it's the same method as science is using and therefore equally valid as "truth".
Therefore Daniel's interpretation of the dream and the idol was and is both specific, correct, and prophetic. And hard to ignore-- believe me I tried.


 it. I knew this would happen at some point in the pandemic, but this is the week I finally feel like I’m fully losing my mind.
I am a young, relatively healthy person in my late twenties. I live in a big city, I don’t have a family to support, I have the privilege of working from home, and I don’t have to interface with the general public a whole lot. I have the financial stability so many people lost over the past year, and I know how easy I’ve had things relative to lots of other groups of people, especially now that our federal and state governments are failing us in the face of extreme winter weather. I know for lots of people, being homebound is not novel; it’s just part of their lives.
That said, this past year has still sucked. At least when it was nicer out I could take myself for a long walk or go sit in the park. But now that it has decided to be a normal winter with lots of snow, I rarely leave my apartment except to do chores. The crushing feeling of isolation combined with dreary weather in mid-February is finally making me feel kind of bad.
That’s an understatement, actually. I feel very bad. Every morning, I wake up and spend five to 10 minutes wondering if the reason I feel bad is mental illness or a Eventually, I determine it is simply my depression.
I get out of bed, and I do the same exact routine, or else I will lose it. I water my plants, drink my water, refill my humidifier, refill my little Muji diffuser, make tea, and check my emails. One morning a couple of weeks ago, I came home from my boyfriend’s apartment, and in my haste, I forgot to refill my humidifier and had a horrible day until I identified the step I had missed in my morning routine. I do my work. I sit in on my meetings. If I can, I step out and buy some food and put it in our community fridge and run my errands. I come home. I work some more. Then I stop working. I turn off the bad screen and put on the good screen.  When I’ve finally had enough of consciousness, I go to sleep. The entire cycle repeats unless it is the weekend, when I do everything above except the work part.
I am lucky that my life can be so boring, so anticlimactically miserable, instead of being horrible and full of new awful developments. I know this. I try to write something meaningful about body neutrality, about Prop 22’s global creep, about what is revealed when we find out that the people making the podcast about the food magazine with the toxic workplace culture helped foster a toxic workplace culture in their own podcasting company. Nothing comes out. It is like wringing out a dry sponge except the sponge is my brain. I open a new Google Doc and write down like six sentences and then get disgusted with what I’ve written and close the whole thing.
I see online that everyone is talking about hitting a “pandemic wall.” This is a Google news search for “pandemic wall.” There are endless stories, and they are all the same, providing mental health tips from “experts” about persevering past the “pandemic wall” and “going back to normal,” whatever they think that means.
Here’s one headline from this week: “Mental Health Experts Say When The ‘Pandemic Wall’ Hits, Look Toward Brighter Days Ahead.” Okay, thanks! Very helpful.
I have long disliked the pandemic wall discourse, but I think I’ve finally identified my issue with it. Beyond the fact that the pandemic wall seems to always be shifting — there’s a new one every week, and every week it feels worse and harder to bear than it did the week before — it’s what it represents that I loathe.
The pandemic wall, as my friend put it this week when we were discussing it, i By talking about the pandemic wall, we’re entertaining a fiction where it’s on individuals, and not a broader system, to fight a global public health crisis that is impossible to fight on an individual level. The pandemic wall makes the onus fall on you instead of sharing the burden with the institutions that we reasonably expect to help support us in times of abject crisis. It feels very “pull yourself up by your bootstraps,” which I fundamentally disagree with as the solution to most problems but especially a global pandemic.
.
The pandemic wall discourse makes the pandemic a “you” problem when it’s a problem in which every level of government has failed us. The pandemic wall learned a lot from Andrew Cuomo’s Covid-19 leadership book, and when you point out that perhaps his government failed to protect the elderly early on in the pandemic and even withheld nursing home deaths, the pandemic wall thinks you need to learn to look on the bright side and not be so dour.
We take turns tweeting things like “Is it just me, or do your neurons also all feel like they’re simultaneously on fire?” and “I can’t be the only one who is having a mental breakdown twice a day!” These tweets get a billion likes. Nobody is alone in feeling like shit; there’s just no systemic means of lifting us out of this pit we’re all in, and it’s not polite to talk about feeling terrible publicly, so you have to play dumb and act like you’re not quite sure if you feel the worst you’ve ever felt, if it’s just you, as if everyone else is not also losing it.
I’m not suggesting we stop talking about how bad everything feels. I think this contrast of how horrible everything feels with how we’re expected to continue behaving normally, working fuller and seemingly longer hours, and adding more responsibility to our plates in every area of our lives should be something we’re all discussing. I just think maybe we should do it more honestly, without leaning on this language that makes the failures of our institutions seem like a personal problem we’re expected to get over and deal with ourselves. And now if you’ll excuse me, it’s my scheduled time of day when I take my pillows from my bed and move them to my couch, which is as much of a treat as I am allowed to have these days.


How many of you guys got Assignment A Q3 the first time?
What chapter and section in our study guide should I understand to do this?
I don't have a problem with Rotations and Translations and to be honest I think we will find a question like Q3 in the exam, this just interest me and so I wondered what did I skip. After looking at the answer it makes more sense with the translation and then rotation(after reading the wikipedia page on 2d Rotations I found the transformation matrix).
Also looking at previous exams I think it is a good assumption that they will supply us with the needed transformation matrices.
Re: Assignment A: Q3
May 21, 2011 12:11PM Registered: 8 years ago
Just did matrix multiplication in 3A and noticed that my answer differs in sign.
Formulae in TB are for anticlockwise rotation, while square rotated clockwise.


16. August, 2015. to 20. August, 2015.
Papaya club is proud to host the Main stage of this great event!
S-studded festival crown, Sonus Festival announces its third party-outing for the 2015 calendar, delivering another heavyweight house and techno bill combining the finest selectors from across the globe. It's time to save the date for your summer festival; Sonus Festival 2015 is set to be a between 16th-22nd August in the stunning Zrce Beach, Croatia.


Creation of a state-managed charitable education fund
Taxpayer donations to the fund would earn an 85% credit on state income taxes
Monies in the fund would bee
Authority to create district-based local charitable education funds
If a district chooses to create a fund, donations to the fund would be used to support a district's general fund
Donations to the fund could earn a property owner up to a 95% credit against their property tax bill
Ability to opt-in to an employer payroll tax system
For employers who choose to participate, they would pay an additional payroll tax on employee compensation
Employees would be able to claim a credit against the tax, while employers would be able to further reduce their corporate tax liability
While school districts can opt-in to this plan, it could only result in added costs because districts they do not pay corporate taxes, while adding limited benefit to only some employees
In addition, the 30 Day Amendments included other proposals that could be relevant to school districts, such as:
A plan to prohibit convicted sex offenders from entering within one-thousand feet of a kindergarten or prekindergarten facility
Broadening of the Child Victims Act proposal to include entities (such as municipalities and school districts), not only individuals, amongst those who can be held civilly liable for offenses


On the web poker is super fast in comparison  different countries!
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Uppsala, Östra Ågatan 43, Uppsala, Uppsala, 753 22, Sweden Phone: +46 18-4951742 Email: info@swedepeace.org
The Immigrant Institute is a documentation center on migration. The institute works actively against racism and contributes to the integration of immigrants in Sweden.
Sweden CHILDREN AND YOUTH
The goal of the World’s Children’s Prize programme is a more humane world, where the rights of the child are respected by all. Students at schools that have registered as Global Friend schools are welcome to participate. There are now more than 67,000 Global Friend schools with nearly 32,5 million students in 113 countries.
Uppsala, Axel Johanssonsgata 3 Uppsala, Sweden Tel: +46 18 489 81 47 Email: info@livetsord.se
Sweden HUNGER AND HOMELESS Eden Foundation
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HomeShell Nigeria Recruitment 2013Senior Subsea Hardware Engineer Job in Nigeria at Shell E & P Company Limited
Shell Nigeria E & P Company Ltd is recruiting to the role of Senior Subsea Hardware Engineer in Lagos, Nigeria.
Responsibilities of Senior Subsea Hardware Engineer:
For all assigned projects or operations support activities,this include:
Ensure that all deliverables,including associated responsibilities and controls as defined in the project subsea control assurance framework are carried out.
Seek and analyze design alternatives to resulting in good and reliable design,meet safety standards and as well as constructability of the design.
Supports all the co-ordination and execution of the Subsea Hardware Engineering work scope associated with Project Delivery,including safety and environmental aspects of the subsea hardware scope of work.
Carry out technical and execution planning verification of the project’s Subsea Hardware to ensure seamless integration in design,installation,and commissioning. Leads the subsea hardware related aspects of commissioning,start-up and test runs.
Support creation of estimates for project cost and prepares project master schedule,select and determines the applicable engineering / construction standards,and material and equipment specifications.
Undertake design calculations for subsea hardware.
Prepare subsea hardware material selection recommendations.
Acts as the Lead in screening meetings and communication with other discipline to verify and ensure that subsea hardware related requirements are well understood and properly considered by all concerned.
Prepares maintenances and operation manuals.
A strong Commitment to HSSE.
Commitment to making a career in the discipline.
Nigeria Jobs Senior Subsea Hardware Engineer Shell Nigeria Shell Nigeria E and P Company Ltd Shell Nigeria Recruitment 2013


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Get the latest science news including webpages, images, read tech reviews , more at ABC arch the world' s information, videos , technology news morThird age total war 3 2 frogs download. On Yamgo you can watch free TV channelsD: Plague of Frogs Volume 3 [ Mike Mignola, Guy Davis] on. * FBureau' s catastrophic encounter with the monster- god Katha-  blockade failed because two relief convoys entered unmolested— the first ading. Read the first ten stories.
Stop when you get to the fox and crow picture.
( Parents: Use this link to download it if you want it on an ereader. ) ; Draw a picture of one of the other fablesterm is derived from the Greek word arktos ( ' bear' .


The iSnort iPhone application is useless and stupid; a couple of notches below iFart (one of the top selling applications in the Apple AppStore).
But the fact that only Apple approved apps can be loaded on an iPhone without jailbreaking the phones continues to both bother and amaze me. Can you imagine a world where Apple or Microsoft had to approve every application on the desktop? People complain about traffic cameras being too big brother… you should be able to install any app you want regardless of stupidity, tastelessness, or social standards compliance.
Apple's clever and ingenious design of the iPhone is forcing us to compromise our terms of free choice. Danger Will Robinson! When will Android, RIM, Microsoft, and Palm offer us a reasonable iPhone alternative?
For more discussion on this topic see: There is No "i" in Phone.


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D--On day 32, investigators conducted pathology exams of the mammary glands -- two from each group. They found tumor cells were absent, and afterg only HB21.
Since most low-grade DCIS will not progress, active surveillance "This larger and higher-grade DCIS may be the lesions where instilling immunotoxin intraductally would be most beneficial," she says. The big advantage is that giving the immunotoxin through the intraductal route allows it to reach all the cancer lesions in the ductal tree, eliminating even those that are not visible by imaging of the breast.
"A possible clinical study would look something like this," Sukumar says. "A week or two before surgery, investigators may administer duct, and slowly use increasing doses to determine if any immunotoxin escapes the ductalso would examine the ducts after breast removal tStudy and Ira Pastan of the National Cancer Institute.
The work was supported by the Janine Goebel Fund and the John Fetting Fund for Breast Cancer Prevention.


Q: Xamarin ImageView inherited class can't call getContext ```
    public override void SetImageResource(int resId)
during compile time getting error:
public override void SetImageResource(int resId)


Why? No idea. But we’re not gonna stop him!
In one episode they have to complete a stunt in which they drive a truck on a thin stretch of allotted ground. Sure. I mean, you can watch this kind of stuff on YouTube for free, but if an Oscar-nominated actor wants to do it, damn it, we will watch.