ECG-Mamba: Cardiac Abnormality Classification

Model Description

ECG-Mamba is a deep learning model that leverages the Mamba state space architecture for classifying cardiac abnormalities from 12-lead ECG signals. The model is trained on the PTB-XL dataset from PhysioNet.

Model Architecture

• Base Architecture: Mamba (Selective State Space Model)
• Input: 12-lead ECG signals (1000 timesteps × 12 channels at 100Hz)
• Output: 5-class classification (NORM, MI, STTC, CD, HYP)
• Parameters:
  • Model dimension (d_model): 64
  • State space dimension (d_state): 16
  • Number of Mamba layers: 2
  • Convolution kernel size (d_conv): 4
  • Expansion factor: 2

Intended Use

This model is designed for:

• Research purposes in cardiac abnormality detection
• Educational demonstrations of Mamba architecture on medical signals
• Baseline comparison for ECG classification tasks

Note: This model is NOT intended for clinical diagnosis or medical decision-making.

Training Data

• Dataset: PTB-XL (PhysioNet)
• Training samples: ~400 records (80% of 500 record subset)
• Validation samples: ~100 records (20% of 500 record subset)
• Sampling rate: 100 Hz (low resolution)
• Signal length: 10 seconds (1000 samples)
• Preprocessing: Standardization (zero mean, unit variance per channel)

Performance

On the test subset (500 records):

• Training Accuracy: ~75%
• Test Accuracy: ~70%

Important: These metrics are from a small-scale demonstration. For production use, train on the full PTB-XL dataset (21,837 records).

Diagnostic Classes

Class	Description
NORM	Normal ECG
MI	Myocardial Infarction
STTC	ST/T Change
CD	Conduction Disturbance
HYP	Hypertrophy

Usage

import torch
import numpy as np
from mamba_ssm import Mamba

# Load model (you'll need to save/load weights separately)
model = ECGMambaClassifier(n_classes=5)
model.load_state_dict(torch.load('model_weights.pth'))
model.eval()

# Prepare your ECG data
# ecg_signal: numpy array of shape (1000, 12)
ecg_tensor = torch.tensor(ecg_signal, dtype=torch.float32).unsqueeze(0)

# Inference
with torch.no_grad():
    logits = model(ecg_tensor)
    predicted_class = torch.argmax(logits, dim=1)

Limitations

1. Small training set: Model trained on only 500 records for demonstration
2. Simplified classification: Single-label classification (many ECGs have multiple conditions)
3. Class imbalance: Not addressed in this implementation
4. No clinical validation: Not validated on independent clinical datasets
5. Research use only: Not approved for medical diagnosis

Ethical Considerations

• This model should NOT be used for clinical diagnosis
• Medical decisions should only be made by qualified healthcare professionals
• The model may exhibit biases present in the PTB-XL dataset
• Performance may vary across different patient populations

Training Procedure

Preprocessing

1. Download PTB-XL records from PhysioNet
2. Extract low-resolution (100Hz) 12-lead ECG signals
3. Filter for single-label diagnostic superclass
4. Standardize signals (zero mean, unit variance)

Training Hyperparameters

• Optimizer: AdamW
• Learning rate: 1e-3
• Batch size: 32
• Epochs: 10
• Loss function: CrossEntropyLoss
• Hardware: NVIDIA T4 GPU

Data Augmentation

None applied in this implementation.

Environmental Impact

• Hardware: NVIDIA T4 GPU (Google Colab)
• Training time: ~2-3 minutes
• Carbon footprint: Minimal due to short training time

Citation

This Model

@software{ecg_mamba_2024,
  title={ECG-Mamba: Cardiac Abnormality Classification using Mamba Architecture},
  year={2024},
  url={https://huggingface.co/your-username/ecg-mamba}
}

PTB-XL Dataset

@article{wagner2020ptbxl,
  title={PTB-XL, a large publicly available electrocardiography dataset},
  author={Wagner, Patrick and Strodthoff, Nils and Bousseljot, Ralf-Dieter and Kreiseler, Dieter and Lunze, Fatima I and Samek, Wojciech and Schaeffter, Tobias},
  journal={Scientific Data},
  volume={7},
  number={1},
  pages={154},
  year={2020}
}

Mamba

@article{gu2023mamba,
  title={Mamba: Linear-Time Sequence Modeling with Selective State Spaces},
  author={Gu, Albert and Dao, Tri},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2312.00752},
  year={2023}
}

Model Card Authors

This model card was created as part of the ECG-Mamba project.

Model Card Contact

For questions or issues, please open an issue on the GitHub repository.