League of Legends World Championship

Context: The 2018 World Championship was held from 1 October to 3 November 2018, in 4 cities across South Korea: Seoul (play-in), Busan (groups & quarterfinals), Gwangju (semifinals), and Incheon (final). Twenty four teams qualified for the tournament based on their placement in regional circuits such as those in North America, Europe, South Korea, and China, with twelve of those teams having to reach the group stage via a play-in round.

Question: 리그 오브 레전드 월드 챔피언쉽을 가장 많이 우승한 팀은 어디인가?


League of Legends World Championship

Context: The final was watched by 99.6 million unique viewers, with concurrent viewership reaching a peak of 44 million viewers, breaking 2017's final's viewership record.

Question: 리그 오브 레전드 월드 챔피언쉽을 가장 많이 우승한 팀은 어디인가?


League of Legends World Championship

Context: The 2019 World Championship was held between 2 October to 10 November 2019, in three countries and cities in Europe: Berlin (play-in & groups), Madrid (quarterfinals and semifinals), and Paris (final). Twenty-four teams qualified to participate at the World Championship based on placement within their own regional leagues and previous regional results in international play.

Question: 리그 오브 레전드 월드 챔피언쉽을 가장 많이 우승한 팀은 어디인가?


League of Legends World Championship

Context: The 2020 World Championship was held from 25 September to 31 October 2020 in Shanghai, China. 22 teams qualified to participate at the World Championship based on placement within their own regional leagues and previous regional results in international play. As a result of travel restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, the two teams that qualified from the Vietnam Championship Series were unable to attend the event.

Question: 리그 오브 레전드 월드 챔피언쉽을 가장 많이 우승한 팀은 어디인가?


League of Legends World Championship

Context: The 2021 World Championship was held from 5 October to 6 November 2021 in Reykjavík, Iceland. In line with last year's iteration, 22 teams qualified to participate at the World Championship based on placement within their own regional leagues and previous regional results in international play. As a result of travel restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, the two teams that qualified from the Vietnam Championship Series were once again unable to attend the event.

Question: 리그 오브 레전드 월드 챔피언쉽을 가장 많이 우승한 팀은 어디인가?


League of Legends World Championship

Context: Riot Games announced the return of the multi-city hosting format, with the event set to take place in 4 cities across North America: Mexico City (play-in), New York City (groups & quarterfinals), Atlanta (semifinals)(originally to be held in Toronto, reallocated due to visa issue) and San Francisco (final). The final is set to be hosted in the Chase Center.

Question: 리그 오브 레전드 월드 챔피언쉽을 가장 많이 우승한 팀은 어디인가?


Germany at the Olympics

Context: The IOC currently splits German results among four codes, even though only the German Democratic Republic (GDR) from 1968 to 1988 had sent a separate team to compete against the team of the German NOC that represented Germany (GER) since 1896.

Question: 독일이 2019년까지 확보한 올림픽 메달은 몇 개인가?


Germany at the Olympics

Context: After German organisations had been dissolved by the Allies in 1947, in 1950 the IOC recognized the reorganized Nationales Olympisches Komitee für Deutschland for all of Germany, based in (West) Germany.

Question: 독일이 2019년까지 확보한 올림픽 메달은 몇 개인가?


Germany at the Olympics

Context: Additionally, in the early 1950s the French-occupied Saar had its own NOC and competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics before joining the German Olympic team in 1956 and the (West) German state by 1957.

Question: 독일이 2019년까지 확보한 올림픽 메달은 몇 개인가?


Germany at the Olympics

Context: Germany has competed at the Olympics under five different designations, including as two separate teams at several Games. Sources vary in how they present the medals won by these teams. The table below shows sourced combinations of these teams, when applied to the main table. Saar competed independently in the Summer Olympic games in 1952, but failed to win any medals. Due to most lists only listing medal counts, it's possible but not certain Saar was included as part of Germany in their calculations.

Question: 독일이 2019년까지 확보한 올림픽 메달은 몇 개인가?


University of Vienna

Context: Also worth mentioning is the Vienna Observatory, which belongs to the university, and the Institute for University Sports (USI), which offers training and recreational possibilities to all students of the university.

Question: 오스트리아에서 가장 큰 대학교는 무엇인가?


University of Vienna

Context: Students at the university can select from 181 degree programmes: 55 bachelor programmes, 110 master programmes, 3 diploma programs and 13 doctoral programmes. In the academic year 2013/14, the university awarded 7,745 first degrees (Bachelors and Diplomas), 1,424 Master's degrees and 568 Doctoral degrees. The university offers a number of Masters programs in English, namely:

Question: 오스트리아에서 가장 큰 대학교는 무엇인가?


University of Vienna

Context: Rudolf IV had already provided for a "publica libraria" in the Foundation Deed of 12 March 1365, where the valuable books bequeathed by deceased members of the University should be collected. Through many legacies, this collection was subsequently greatly increased and became the basis of the old "Libreye" that was accommodated in the same building as the student infirmary. In addition, there were libraries in the separate Faculties and in the Duke's College.

Question: 오스트리아에서 가장 큰 대학교는 무엇인가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: In Chinese, the wars are referred to as the "Wanli Korean Campaign", after the reigning Chinese emperor, or the "Renchen War to Defend the Nation" (壬辰衛國戰爭). "Imjin" is the Korean reading of the Chinese word "renchen" (壬辰)"."

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: With Toyotomi Hideyoshi's death in September 1598, limited progress on land, and continued disruption of supply lines along the western and southern coasts by the Joseon navy, the remaining Japanese forces in Korea were ordered to withdraw back to Japan by the new governing Council of Five Elders. Final peace negotiations between the parties followed afterwards and continued for several years, ultimately resulting in the normalization of relations.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: One thousand years earlier, the Sui and Tang dynasties of China had complicated political and trading relations with the Three Kingdoms of Korea. Ming China, on the other hand, had close trading and diplomatic relations with the Joseon, which remained integrated in the imperial tributary system, but also received tribute and trade from Japan.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Ming China and Joseon Korea shared much in common. Both emerged during the fourteenth century after the end of the Yuan dynasty, embraced Confucian ideals in society, and faced similar threats (Jurchen raiders and wokou). Both had competing internal political factions, which would influence decisions made prior to and during the war. Because of close trade and common enemies, Joseon and Ming had a friendly alliance.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: By seeking to invade China, Hideyoshi was in effect claiming for Japan the role traditionally played by China in East Asia as the center of the East Asian international order. He rallied support in Japan as a man of relatively humble origins who owed his position to his military might. Finally, during the 1540s–1550s, the "wakō" had staged a series of samurai raids into Korea, some of which were so large as to be "mini-invasions". Hideyoshi mistakenly thought his enemies were weak.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: As for the military preparations, the construction of as many as 2,000 ships may have begun as early as 1586. To estimate the strength of the Korean military, Hideyoshi sent an assault force of 26 ships to the southern coast of Korea in 1587. On the diplomatic front, Hideyoshi began to establish friendly relations with China long before he had completed the unification of Japan. He also helped to police the trade routes against the wokou.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: In 1587, Hideyoshi sent his first envoy Yutani Yasuhiro, to Korea, which was during the rule of King Seonjo, to re-establish diplomatic relations between Korea and Japan (broken since the Wokou raid in 1555). Hideyoshi hoped to use as a foundation to induce the Korean court to join Japan in a war against China. Yasuhiro, with his warrior background and an attitude disdainful of the Korean officials and their customs, failed to receive the promise of future ambassadorial missions from Korea.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Around May 1589, Hideyoshi's second embassy, consisting of Sō Yoshitoshi (or Yoshitomo, 柳川調信), Yanagawa Shigenobu, and Buddhist monk Genso (玄蘇) reached Korea and secured the promise of a Korean embassy to Japan in exchange for a group of Korean rebels which had taken refuge in Japan.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Another daimyō whose military service quota has been preserved in a written record is Shimazu Yoshihiro, whose contribution broke down to:

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The core of the Ming army was the infantry, divided into five sections; those armed with guns, swords, archers with fire arrows, archers with ordinary arrows, and spearmen, backed up by the cavalry and artillery. The basic weapons for the Chinese infantry were the crossbow and the arquebus, while the cavalry were usually mounted archers. Chinese infantry wore conical iron helmets and suits of armor made from leather or iron.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: According to Turnbull, "Chinese field artillery and siege cannon were the finest in the region". Chinese artillery was made from cast iron, and were divided into several types, the most important were the "great general gun" and the "folang zhi" (佛朗支), the latter being breech-loaded artillery guns.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: One of the Chinese commanders was Li Rusong, a man who has been traditionally disparaged in Japanese accounts. In Turnbull's estimate, he was "one of Ming China's most accomplished generals". Although Li was defeated at the Battle of Pyokjeyek, his defeat was temporary. He was an able strategist who achieved his goal of forcing the Japanese out of Korea, and Japanese accounts focusing on his defeat at Pyokjeyek served to distract from his achievements.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Another Chinese naval commander was Chen Lin, a native of Guangdong who proved pivotal in defeating Japan and defending Korea. After helping win the war, Chen was celebrated as a hero in Korea and China. Chen subsequently became the founder of the Gwangdong Jin clan of Korea, and today his descendants are spread across China and Korea. Chen was given the nickname Guangdong Master for his naval and military accomplishments.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The standard Korean gun was the seungja "victory gun", a handheld shotgun-like cannon attached to a staff. Korean artillery however was much superior to Japanese artillery, and unlike the Japanese, the Koreans had built ships capable of carrying heavy cannons.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The two major security threats to Joseon and Ming China at the time were the Jurchen people, who raided along the northern borders, and the wokou, who pillaged the coastal villages and trade ships.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Korean cannon were not adapted for effective use on land, and firearms were of a less advanced design. The small arms carried by Japanese soldiers proved to be particularly effective during land engagements and sieges. This strategic difference in weapons development and implementation contributed to the trend during the war of Japanese dominance on land and Korean dominance at sea.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The Korean court managed to carry out some reforms, but they remained problematic. For example, the military training center established in 1589 in Gyeongsang Province recruited mostly men either too young or too old to be good soldiers, augmented by some adventure-seeking aristocrats and slaves buying their freedom, because able-bodied men of the right age, targeted by the policy, had higher priorities such as farming and other economic activities.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: On the other side, Joseon maintained only a few military units with no field army, and its defense depended heavily on the mobilization of the citizen soldiers in case of emergency. During the first invasion, Joseon deployed a total of 84,500 regular troops throughout, assisted by 22,000 irregular volunteers.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Ming troops never numbered more than 60,000 troops in Korea at any point of the war. Over the course of the war, the Ming sent in total 166,700 troops, and also sent 17 million "liang" worth of silver and supplies to Korea (equivalent to about half a year of revenue for the Ming Empire).

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: During siege actions, Chinese deployed rattan shields and iron pavises (large shields), reputed to be musket-proof. The Chinese used a variety of weapons, including the Chinese long bow, swords, firearms, early kinds of land mines, and early hand grenades.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The Koreans also demonstrated massive use of "hwacha" – multiple rocket-propelled arrows, notably during the Siege of Pyongyang in January 1593. It had the ability to fire up to 200 "singijeon", a type of rocket arrow, all at one time. The "hwacha" consisted of a two-wheeled cart carrying a board filled with holes into which the "singijeon" were inserted. Although the Chinese had their own rocket arrows, the Chinese opted for hand-carried "hu dun pao", or "crouching tiger cannons".

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The King asked him [Shi-eon Lee], "You have already told me about the low accuracy of Japanese muskets. Why, then, are Korean armies having great problem with defeating them?"

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: However, another Korean official, Yu Song-nyong, claims that the Japanese arquebusiers had undeniable superiority over long distances, which (along with low discipline and combat experience of the Korean army) was the main cause of defeats:

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Today, the Japanese exclusively use muskets to attack fortifications. They can reach [the target] from several hundred paces away. Our country’s bows and arrows cannot reach them. At any flat spot outside the walls, the Japanese will build earthen mounds and “flying towers.” They look down into the fortifications and fire their bullets so that the people inside the fortifications cannot conceal themselves. In the end the fortifications are taken. One cannot blame [the defenders] for their situation.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Please arrange to send us guns and ammunition. There is absolutely no use for spears. It is vital that you arrange somehow to obtain a number of guns. Furthermore, you should certainly see to it that those person departing [for Korea] understand this situation. The arrangements for guns should receive your closest attention.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: When the troops come [to Korea] from the province of Kai, have them bring as many guns as possible, for no other equipment is needed. Give strict orders that all men, even the samurai, carry guns.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: In addition to a lack of effective naval armament, most Japanese ships were modified merchant vessels more suited for transportation of troops and equipment than fielding artillery weapons.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The Bozhou rebellion by the Chiefdom of Bozhou, which lasted from 1589–1600, was going on in Bozhou (Zunyi, Guizhou) in southwestern China at the same time as the Imjin war in Korea. After winning the war, General Chen Lin would later return to Guizhou to quell the uprisings.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: During the period between the first and second invasions, the Korean government had a chance to examine the reasons why they had been easily overrun by the Japanese. Ryu Seong-ryong, the Prime Minister, spoke out about the Korean disadvantages.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Ryu pointed out that Korean castle defenses were extremely weak, a fact which he had pointed out before the war. He noted how Korean castles had incomplete fortifications and walls that were too easy to scale. He also wanted cannons set up in the walls. Ryu proposed building strong towers with gun turrets for cannons. Besides castles, Ryu wanted to form a line of defenses in Korea. In this kind of defense, the enemy would have to scale many walls in order to reach the capital, Hanseong.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Ryu also pointed out how efficient the Japanese Army was, since it took them only one month to reach Hanseong, and how well organized the Japanese were. He noted how the Japanese moved their units in complex maneuvers, often weakening their enemy with the use of arquebuses, then attacking with melee weapons.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: One of the most important changes was that both upper-class citizens and slaves were subject to the draft. All males had to enter military service to be trained and familiarized with weapons.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: It was also around this time that the military officer and military scholar Han Gyo (한교) wrote the martial arts manual "Muyejebo", based on the book "Jixiao Xinshu" by the famous Chinese general Qi Jiguang.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: At night, the Koreans silently crossed the river and launched a successful surprise attack against the Japanese encampment. However, this alerted the rest of the Japanese army, which attacked the rear of the Korean positions and destroyed the remaining reinforcements crossing the river. The remainder of the Korean troops then retreated back to Pyongyang, and the Japanese troops gave up their pursuit of the Koreans to observe the manner in which the Koreans had crossed the river.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Katō Kiyomasa, leading the Second Division of more than 20,000 men, crossed the peninsula to Anbyon County with a ten-day march, and swept north along the eastern coast. Among the castles captured was Hamhung, the provincial capital of Hamgyong Province. There a part of the Second Division was assigned to defense and civil administration.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The Second Division continued east, capturing the fortresses of Jangseong County, Onsong County, Kyongwon County, and Kyonghung County, and finally arrived at Sosupo on the estuary of the Tumen River. There the Japanese rested on the beach, and watched a nearby volcanic island on the horizon that they mistook as Mount Fuji. After the tour, the Japanese continued their previous efforts to bureaucratize and administrate the province, and allowed several garrisons to be handled by the Koreans themselves.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The Japanese generals were shocked to hear of the Battle of Okpo, where the Koreans had not lost a single ship, as it threatened to cut them off from Japan. After his victory, Yi Sun-sin found the burnt out remains of countless coastal villages, where the Japanese had enslaved the women while killing all the men.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: About three weeks after the Battle of Okpo, Yi Sun-sin and Won Gyun sailed with a total of 26 ships (23 under Yi Sun-sin) toward the Bay of Sacheon after receiving an intelligence report of the Japanese presence. Yi Sun-sin had left behind his fishing vessels that made up most of his fleet in favor of his newly-completed turtle ship. At Sacheon, the Japanese ships were anchored in the bay below a promontory where the Japanese had set up a command base.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The battle ended in a Korean victory, with Japanese losses of 59 ships – 47 destroyed and 12 captured. Not a single Korean ship was lost during the battle. Several Korean prisoners of war were rescued by the Korean soldiers throughout the fight. Wakisaka Yasuharu escaped due to the speed of his flagship. When the news of the defeat at the Battle of Hansan Island reached Toyotomi Hideyoshi, he ordered that the Japanese invasion forces cease all further naval operations.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Yi Eok-gi with his fleet joined Yi Sun-sin and Won Gyun, and participated in a search for enemy vessels in the Gyeongsang Province waters. On July 13, the admirals received intelligence that a group of Japanese ships including those that escaped from the Battle of Dangpo was anchored in the Bay of Danghangpo.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: After the battle, the Korean government promoted Yi to "Samdo Sugun Tongjesa" (삼도 수군 통제사; 三道水軍統制使), literally "Naval Commander of the Three Provinces", which was the title for the commander of the Korean Navy until 1896.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: In Japan, referencing the official history of the Joseon, the result is presented as a strategic Japanese victory.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: From the beginning of the war, the Koreans organized militias that they called "righteous armies" () to resist the Japanese invasion. These fighting bands were raised throughout the country, and participated in battles, guerilla raids, sieges, and the transportation and construction of wartime necessities.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: During the first invasion, Jeolla Province remained the only untouched area on the Korean peninsula. In addition to the successful patrols of the sea by Yi Sun-sin, the activities of volunteer forces pressured the Japanese troops to avoid the province in favour of other priorities.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Gwak Jae-u deployed his troops in guerilla warfare under the cover of the tall reeds on the union of the Nakdong and the Nam rivers. This strategy prevented Japanese forces from gaining easy access to Jeolla Province where Yi Sun-sin and his fleet were stationed.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The Sixth Division under the command of Kobayakawa Takakage was in charge of conquering Jeolla Province. The Sixth Division marched to Seongju through the established Japanese route (i.e. the Third Division, above), and cut left to Geumsan in Chungcheong Province, which Kobayakawa secured as his starting base for his invasion of the province.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Hosokawa ordered a new assault with the samurai advancing this time under bamboo shields with covering fire from their arquebuses, which allowed them to place ladders across the walls of Jinju. A scene of carnage occurred with the Koreans dumping rocks and delayed action bombs down on the Japanese. The "Taikōki" reported:

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Unable to repel the Japanese invasion, Korea ultimately had to rely on the intervention of Ming China to halt the Japanese advance, despite the various logistical and organizational difficulties suffered by the Japanese.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Korean Court historian and politician Ryu Seong-ryong stated that the Korean naval victory stalled the entire strategy of the invaders by "cutting off one of the arms" with which Japan tried to envelop Korea, isolating Konishi Yukinaga's army at Pyongyang and securing Chinese waters from the feared Japanese attack, such that "the Celestial Army could come by land to the assistance" of Korea.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Viewing the crisis in Joseon, the Ming Dynasty Wanli emperor and his court were initially filled with confusion and skepticism as to how their tributary could have been overrun so quickly.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Thailand, a longtime faithful tributary state of the Chinese dynasties, offered to directly attack Japan to intervene in Toyotomi Hideyoshi's plans, but Ming did not accept, instead ordering Thailand to attack Burma.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Overconfident with his recent success and possibly misled by false reports, Li Rusong advanced towards the capital city of Hanseong with his allied army of 20,000 on January 21, 1593. On January 26, the force ran into an unexpected confrontation at Byeokjegwan with a large Japanese formation of about 30,000.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Initially, the scouting party of the group under Cha Da Sho and a Korean general confronted a small band of Japanese numbering no more than 600 men. The party overran them successfully but soon ran into a much larger host under Tachibana Muneshige, and retreated to a nearby hill to defend themselves.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Upon hearing of his scouting party's plight, Li decided to rush forward with the rest of his small host. He met up with his scouting party around noon, but by that time even more Japanese forces were converging on the area.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: After the Battle of Byeokjegwan, the Ming army took a cautious approach and moved on Hanseong again later in February after the successful Korean defense in the Battle of Haengju.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Though by mid April 1593, faced with ever-greater logistical pressure from a Korean naval blockade of Yi Sun-sin in addition to a Ming force special operation that managed to burn down a very significant portion of the Japanese grain storage, the Japanese broke off talks and pulled out of Hanseong.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: By May 18, 1594, all the Japanese soldiers had retreated to the area around Busan and many began to make their way back to Japan. The Ming government withdrew most of its expeditionary force, but kept 16,000 men on the Korean peninsula to guard the truce.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Bargaining from such fundamentally different perspectives, there was no prospect whatsoever for success in the talks. Early in 1597, both sides resumed hostilities.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: After the failed peace negotiations of the inter-war years, Toyotomi Hideyoshi launched the second invasion of Korea. One of the main strategic differences between the first and second invasions was that conquering China was no longer an explicit goal for the Japanese. Failing to gain a foothold during Katō Kiyomasa's Chinese campaign and the near complete withdrawal of the Japanese forces during the first invasion had established that the Korean peninsula was the more prudent and realistic objective.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: After Won Gyun replaced Yi Sun-sin as head of the Korean navy, he was quick to take action and justify his newly acquired position. He gathered the entire Korean fleet, which now had more than 100 ships, outside of Yeosu, to search for the Japanese. Without any previous preparations or planning, Won Gyun then had his entire fleet sail towards Busan.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: After one day at sea, Won Gyun was informed of a large Japanese fleet near Busan. He decided to attack immediately, despite reports of exhaustion among the crews of his ships.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The Battle of Chilcheollyang was Japan's only decisive naval victory of the war. Won Gyun was himself killed by a Japanese garrison after he struggled ashore on an island following the destruction of his flagship. The victory allowed the Japanese navy to safely escort its troop ships and to support planned landing operations.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: After the disaster at Chilcheollyang, the allied defenses in the south began to quickly break down and the Japanese forces stormed into Jeolla Province. The garrison of Namwon became their next key target.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Hwangseoksan Fortress consisted of extensive walls that circumscribed the Hwangseok Mountain and garrisoned thousands of soldiers led by generals Jo Jong-do and Gwak Jun. When Katō Kiyomasa laid siege to the mountain with the Army of the Right, and attacked at night under the full moon, the Koreans lost morale and retreated with 350 casualties. The successful siege did not, however, lead to a subsequent advance from beyond Gyeongsang Province.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: After the steady advances on land, the Japanese planned to assault Hanseong (present-day Seoul) by late August or early September 1597. However, the plans were foiled by a Ming defense around Jiksan (modern-day Cheonan).

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: According to Korean records, the Ming forces ran into the vanguard forces under Kuroda Nagamasa around the area of Jiksan. On the first day, they beat back a small scouting party. On the second day, the two forces clashed in earnest, with the Japanese being beaten back.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: By January 29, 1598, the Joseon and Ming allied forces achieved victory in Jiksan and pushed the Japanese further south. After the news of the loss at Myeongnyang, Katō Kiyomasa and his retreating army looted Gyeongju, the former capital of Unified Silla.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The Japanese forces sacked the city and many artifacts and temples were destroyed, most prominently, the Bulguksa, a Buddhist temple. Ming and Joseon forces continued to harass the Japanese forces, who then withdrew further south to Ulsan, a harbor that had been an important Japanese trading post a century before, and which Katō had chosen as a strategic stronghold.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The effort of the Japanese garrison (about 7,000 men) of Ulsan was largely dedicated to its fortification in preparation for the expected attack. Katō Kiyomasa assigned command and defense of the base to Katō Yasumasa, Kuki Hirotaka, Asano Nagayoshi, and others before proceeding to Sosaengpo near Ulsan. The Ming army's first assault on January 29, 1598, caught the Japanese army unaware and still encamped, for the large part, outside Ulsan's unfinished walls.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The general retreat quickly turned into a chaotic rout, of which the Japanese took quick advantage by attacking the retreating Ming and Joseon forces. The retreating Ming and Joseon forces had 20,000 losses. The disaster was a heavy setback for Joseon, who would not be in a position to move on the Japanese position again for more than eight months.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: After the Siege at Ulsan, the two sides remained in a stalemate for the next several months. Xing Jie decided that they would require further reinforcements to launch a final large offensive to permanently remove the Japanese presence on the Korean Peninsula.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Reinforcements from China began to pour in through most of mid-1598, with Chen Lin and Deng Zilong and their navy arriving in May. By September 1598, the Ming presence in Korea had swelled to 75,000 overall, by far the largest at any point in the war.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Xing Jie divided his forces into four groups, with Ma Gui leading the offensive against Ulsan yet again, Li Rumei (Li Rusong's brother) leading the offensive against Sacheon, Chen Lin commanding the navy, and Liu Ting and Yi Sun-sin coordinating a land-sea effort against Suncheon.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Just before they set out, however, news came that Li Rusong was killed by Mongolian tribesmen back in Liaodong. Xing Jie decided then to remove his emotionally weakened brother Li Rumei in favor of Dong Yiyuan.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: At Ulsan, Kato Kiyomasa defended the castle with 10,000 Japanese soldiers. In September 1598, 29,500 Ming and Joseon troops tried again to capture Ulsan Castle, but all their attempts were repulsed by the Japanese. The Ming and Joseon forces withdrew with heavy losses.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: At Suncheon, Konishi Yukinaga defended his position at the Suncheon Castle along with 13,700 Japanese soldiers. A total of 43,000 Ming and Joseon troops tried to capture it, but their attempts were repulsed after three failed assaults, suffering 800 losses.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: In the fall of 1598, following the successful Japanese defense at the battles of Sacheon, Ulsan, and Suncheon, the Ming, Joseon, and Japanese forces were locked in a military stalemate in the south of the peninsula. After the death of Toyotomi Hideyoshi on September 18, 1598, the Council of Five Elders, in late October, issued orders for the withdrawal of all forces from Korea. Hideyoshi's death was kept a secret by the Council to preserve the morale of the army.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The Battle of Noryang was the final naval battle in the war. A Japanese fleet of approximately 500 ships, under Shimazu Yoshihiro, was assembled and preparing to link up with the blockaded fleet under Konishi Yukinaga, and together withdraw via Busan back to Japan.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The Korean navy under Yi Sun-sin discovered the Shimazu fleet anchored in the narrow strait of Noryang. Noting the narrow geography of the area, Ming general Chen Lin, who led Deng Zilong and Yi Sun-sin, made a surprise attack against the Japanese fleet, under the cover of darkness on December 16, 1598, using cannon and fire arrows.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: By dawn, nearly half of the Japanese fleet was scattered. During the pursuit of the remaining Japanese ships, both Yi Sun-sin and Deng Zilong were killed. Despite suffering high casualties, in the end the battle was a tactical victory for the Korean forces and resulted in the loss of over half of the Japanese fleet.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The Japanese invasions were East Asia's first regional wars involving massed armies equipped with modern weapons. The conflict saw the regular employment of Japanese armies of up to 200,000 men, Ming Chinese armies of 80,000, and the ongoing deployment of local Korean forces numbering in the hundreds of thousands.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: The invasions also stood as a challenge to the existing Chinese world order on two levels: the military, in which the war challenged Ming China's status as the supreme military power in East Asia, and the political, in which the war affirmed Chinese willingness to aid in the protection of its tributary states.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: Korean armies were also known to forcefully acquire food and supplies from civilians, both on an individual and organized level. Korean bandits and highwaymen also took advantage of the chaos during the war to form raiding parties and rob other Koreans.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

Context: In China, the war was used politically to inspire nationalistic resistance against Japanese imperialism during the 20th century. In Chinese academia, historians list the war as one of the Wanli Emperor's "Three Great Punitive Campaigns". Contemporary Chinese historians often use the campaigns as an example of the friendship that China and Korea shared.

Question: 일본은 언제 한국으로 침략하였는가?


Alien (franchise)

Context: Alien is a science-fiction horror and action media franchise centered on the film series which depicts warrant officer Ellen Ripley (Sigourney Weaver) and her battles with an extraterrestrial lifeform, commonly referred to as "the Alien" or Xenomorph.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: The series has led to numerous novels, comics, video games and an upcoming television series developed by Scott for FX on Hulu, with Noah Hawley. It has inspired a number of spin-offs – most notably the "Alien vs. Predator" series, which combines the continuities of the "Alien" franchise with the "Predator" franchise and consists of two films as well as various series of comics, books, and video games.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: The series fictionalizes the origin of the human race. A member of an ancient humanoid species, called the "Engineers", sacrifices himself, allowing his DNA to spark the genesis of mankind. The Engineers' other experiments, designed to exterminate the human race through the means of a deadly mutagen, paves the way for the Aliens to rise and populate through the traumatic implantation of larvae in hosts. Incidents across several generations are chronicled throughout the franchise.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: Writer Dan O'Bannon, wanting to write a science-fiction action film, collaborated with screenwriter Ronald Shusett on a script, initially titled "Star Beast", but eventually changed to "Alien". Brandywine Productions, a company which had a distribution deal with 20th Century Fox, bought the script. The writers expected it to be a low-budget film, but the success of "Star Wars" inclined Fox to invest millions.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: In the original script, the ship had an all-male crew, though it noted that all parts were gender-interchangeable. The Ripley character was initially to be played by Tom Skerritt, but when Fox president Alan Ladd Jr. and the producers at Brandywine heard rumors of Fox working on other titles with strong female leads, it was decided to cast a female as Ripley and Skerritt became Captain Dallas.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: Swiss painter and sculptor H. R. Giger designed the alien creature's adult form and the derelict ship, while French artist Mœbius created the look of the spacesuits and Ron Cobb provided most of the industrial design for the sets.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: While "Alien", directed by Ridley Scott, was successful, Fox did not consider a sequel until 1983, when James Cameron expressed his interest to producer David Giler in continuing the "Alien" story. After Cameron's "The Terminator" became a box office hit, Cameron and partner Gale Anne Hurd were given approval to direct and produce the sequel to "Alien", scheduled for a 1986 release. Cameron wrote the screenplay for "Aliens" from a story he developed with Giler and Walter Hill.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: Two hundred years after the events of "Alien 3", several clones of Ripley, including the alien queen she was carrying, are grown by the military aboard the USM "Auriga". The military intends to exploit the aliens, and uses humans kidnapped and delivered to them by a group of mercenaries as hosts for the queen's eggs. The Aliens escape, and Ripley 8 (a clone mixed with Alien DNA) and the mercenaries attempt to escape and destroy the "Auriga" before it reaches Earth.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: After the acquisition of 21st Century Fox by The Walt Disney Company, it was officially confirmed at the 2019 CinemaCon that future "Alien" films are in development. In May 2019, "Variety" reported that the third prequel film was "in the script phase", with Ridley Scott attached to serve once again as director. In September 2020, Scott confirmed that work on the next installment is ongoing, but was undecided with keeping it tied in with the plot set out in "Prometheus" and "Alien: Covenant".

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: In March 2022, "The Hollywood Reporter" reported that a new Alien movie set separately from the earlier movies is coming to Hulu directed by Fede Álvarez and produced by Ridley Scott. Álvarez pitched the idea to Scott years ago and now has the opportunity to make it.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: Figures in this table are not inflation adjusted. Where two different figures are quoted for box office grosses, information is taken from two different sources.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: The American Film Institute ranked "Alien" as the sixth most thrilling American movie and seventh-best film in the science fiction genre, and in the AFI's 100 Years... 100 Heroes and Villains list, Ripley was ranked eighth among the heroes, and the Alien was fourteenth among the villains. IGN listed "Alien" as the thirteenth best film franchise of all time in 2006.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: "Alien Day", April 26, has become the fan celebration day for the "Alien" franchise. The date derives from LV-426, the "426" converting to "4/26" or "April 26". On Alien Day 2016, Neill Blomkamp released new art for his concept of "Alien 5", and the Audible Original audio play adaptation of ' was released. On Alien Day 2017, 20th Century Fox released "The Crossing" prologue short film for ', and the Audible Original audio play adaptation of "Alien: River of Pain" was released.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: From March 19 to 22, 2019, North Bergen High School (New Jersey, US) staged an adaptation of "Alien" entitled "Alien: The Play", which was widely praised and granted seals of approval by Ridley Scott, James Cameron, Sigourney Weaver and Walter Hill. In the aftermath of the play's popularity and approval, North Bergen Mayor Nick Sacco's non-profit foundation pledged funds for more performances.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: There have been dozens of stand-alone releases of the individual films on various formats, including Betamax, VHS, Laserdisc, DVD, and Blu-ray. The multiple single releases on VHS were generally the original theatrical cuts of each film.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: Laserdisc saw single releases of all theatrical versions, as well as two so-called "box sets" which only contained one film (there were two single releases, one each for "Alien" and "Aliens") but had multiple discs and a large amount of supplemental material with a high retail price tag (around US$100). The "Aliens" set included a new "Special Edition" cut of the film completed by James Cameron just for this release, which was a significantly extended version of the film.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: There exists a great number of spin-offs in other media, including a large number of crossovers with the "Predator" franchise.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: In addition to "", a graphic novel adaptation of the original film, there have been numerous limited series set in the "Alien" universe, as well as non-canonical crossover appearances of the Alien. In addition to "Alien vs. Predator" comics featuring the Alien and Predator battling, Dark Horse Comics published "Fire and Stone" between 2014 and 2017, crossing over the continuities of the "Alien" prequel series with the "Alien vs. Predator" franchise.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: In July 2020, Marvel Comics announced that it had acquired the comic book rights to the "Alien" franchise, in addition to the rights to the "Predator" and "Alien vs. Predator" franchises. Marvel announced the "Alien" series in December 2020, with Phillip Kennedy Johnson writing and Salvador Larroca illustrating it. Issue #1 was released in March 2021.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: In 2006, Sega made a deal with Fox Licensing to release two "Alien" video games for sixth generation consoles. The first was "", a first-person shooter by Gearbox Software that was released in 2013 for the Xbox 360, PlayStation 3 and Windows. The game is set between "Aliens" and "Alien 3", following a group of marines sent to investigate the "Sulaco" who wound up crash-landing on LV-426.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: The second was ', a survival-horror game by Creative Assembly that follows Ripley's daughter, Amanda, who is stranded aboard an Alien-infested space station. The game experienced a long development cycle, with it finally being released in late 2014 for seventh generation consoles. During the prolonged development of "Alien: Isolation", Sega also released a Nintendo DS game "Aliens Infestation" in 2011. Furthermore, a spin-off featuring Amanda Ripley called ' was released for mobile devices in 2019.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: An "Alien"-themed attraction debuted at the Genting SkyWorlds Theme Park in Malaysia in February 2022. The Park, previously known as '20th Century Fox World', has faced significant delays during construction, however, a licensing deal with Fox and new parent company The Walt Disney Company was reached. Pre-show footage of the ride was released online, and appears to detail a Weyland-Yutani themed drop tower attraction.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Alien (franchise)

Context: "Alien" was also previously represented in The Great Movie Ride at Disney's Hollywood Studios at Walt Disney World from 1989 until the attraction's closure in 2017. The attraction featured a scene based on the first film, in which riders were taken through the "Nostromo", encountering Audio-Animatronic representations of Ripley and a Xenomorph.

Question: 에일리언 영화는 언제 처음 개봉 되었나요?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: The Israeli–Palestinian conflict is an ongoing dispute between Israel and Palestinians, beginning in the mid-20th century. It is one of the world's most enduring conflicts; the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip has lasted years. Various attempts have been made to resolve the conflict as part of the Israeli–Palestinian peace process, as well as efforts to reduce the broader Arab-Israeli conflict.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: In May 2021, amidst rising tensions, the 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis began with protests that escalated into rocket attacks from Gaza and airstrikes by Israel.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: The tensions between Israel and Hamas escalated until late 2008, when Israel launched operation Cast Lead upon Gaza, resulting in thousands of civilian casualties and billions of dollars in damage. By February 2009, a ceasefire was signed with international mediation between the parties, though the occupation and small and sporadic eruptions of violence continued.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: In 2011, a Palestinian Authority attempt to gain UN membership as a fully sovereign state failed. In Hamas-controlled Gaza, sporadic rocket attacks on Israel and Israeli air raids still take place. In November 2012, the representation of Palestine in UN was upgraded to a non-member observer State, and its mission title was changed from "Palestine (represented by PLO)" to "State of Palestine".

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Following the failed summit Palestinian and Israeli negotiators continued to meet in small groups through August and September 2000 to try to bridge the gaps between their respective positions. The United States prepared its own plan to resolve the outstanding issues. Clinton's presentation of the US proposals was delayed by the advent of the Second Intifada at the end of September.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: The Arab Peace Initiative ( "Mubādirat as-Salām al-ʿArabīyyah") was first proposed by Crown Prince Abdullah of Saudi Arabia at the Beirut Summit (2002). The peace initiative is a proposed solution to the Arab–Israeli conflict as a whole, and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict in particular.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: The initiative was initially published on 28 March 2002, at the Beirut Summit, and agreed upon again in 2007 in the Riyadh Summit.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Unlike the Road Map for Peace, it spelled out "final-solution" borders based explicitly on the UN borders established before the 1967 Six-Day War. It offered full normalization of relations with Israel, in exchange for the withdrawal of its forces from all the occupied territories, including the Golan Heights, to recognize "an independent Palestinian state with East Jerusalem as its capital" in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, as well as a "just solution" for the Palestinian refugees.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: A number of Israeli officials have responded to the initiative with both support and criticism. The Israeli government has expressed reservations on 'red line,' issues such as the Palestinian refugee problem, homeland security concerns, and the nature of Jerusalem. However, the Arab League continues to raise it as a possible solution, and meetings between the Arab League and Israel have been held.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Perpetrators of murderous attacks, whether against Israelis or Palestinians, often find strong vocal support from sections of their communities despite varying levels of condemnation from politicians.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Both parties to the conflict have been criticized by third-parties for teaching incitement to their children by downplaying each side's historical ties to the area, teaching propagandist maps, or indoctrinate their children to one day join the armed forces.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: The following outlined positions are the official positions of the two parties; however, it is important to note that neither side holds a single position. Both the Israeli and the Palestinian sides include both moderate and extremist bodies as well as dovish and hawkish bodies.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: The Israeli government, including the Knesset and Supreme Court, is located in the "new city" of West Jerusalem and has been since Israel's founding in 1948. After Israel captured the Jordanian-controlled East Jerusalem in the Six-Day War, it assumed complete administrative control of East Jerusalem. In 1980, Israel passed the Jerusalem Law declaring "Jerusalem, complete and united, is the capital of Israel."

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: As of 2005, there were more than 719,000 people living in Jerusalem; 465,000 were Jews (mostly living in West Jerusalem) and 232,000 were Muslims (mostly living in East Jerusalem).

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: At the Camp David and Taba Summits in 2000–2001, the United States proposed a plan in which the Arab parts of Jerusalem would be given to the proposed Palestinian state while the Jewish parts of Jerusalem were given to Israel. All archaeological work under the Temple Mount would be jointly controlled by the Israeli and Palestinian governments. Both sides accepted the proposal in principle, but the summits ultimately failed.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Israel expresses concern over the security of its residents if neighborhoods of Jerusalem are placed under Palestinian control. Jerusalem has been a prime target for attacks by militant groups against civilian targets since 1967. Many Jewish neighborhoods have been fired upon from Arab areas. The proximity of the Arab areas, if these regions were to fall in the boundaries of a Palestinian state, would be so close as to threaten the safety of Jewish residents.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Palestinians have voiced concerns regarding the welfare of Christian and Muslim holy places under Israeli control. Additionally, some Palestinian advocates have made statements alleging that the Western Wall Tunnel was re-opened with the intent of causing the mosque's collapse. The Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs denied this claim in a 1996 speech to the United Nations and characterized the statement as "escalation of rhetoric."

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: The Arab Peace Initiative of 2002 declared that it proposed the compromise of a "just resolution" of the refugee problem.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Palestinian and international authors have justified the right of return of the Palestinian refugees on several grounds:

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Shlaim (2000) states that from April 1948 the military forces of what was to become Israel had embarked on a new offensive strategy against foreign armies which involved destroying Arab villages and the forced removal of civilians.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Suicide bombing have been used as a tactic among Palestinian organizations like Hamas, Islamic Jihad, and the Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade and certain suicide attacks have received support among Palestinians as high as 84%. In Israel, Palestinian suicide bombers have targeted civilian buses, restaurants, shopping malls, hotels and marketplaces. From 1993 to 2003, 303 Palestinian suicide bombers attacked Israel.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: The Israeli government initiated the construction of a security barrier following scores of suicide bombings and terrorist attacks in July 2003. Israel's coalition government approved the security barrier in the northern part of the green line between Israel and the West Bank. According to the IDF, since the erection of the fence, terrorist acts have declined by approximately 90%.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: According to a study conducted by University of Haifa, one in five Israelis have lost a relative or friend in a Palestinian terrorist attack.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: There is significant debate within Israel about how to deal with the country's security concerns. Options have included military action (including targeted killings and house demolitions of terrorist operatives), diplomacy, unilateral gestures toward peace, and increased security measures such as checkpoints, roadblocks and security barriers. The legality and the wisdom of all of the above tactics have been called into question by various commentators.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Since mid-June 2007, Israel's primary means of dealing with security concerns in the West Bank has been to cooperate with and permit United States-sponsored training, equipping, and funding of the Palestinian Authority's security forces, which with Israeli help have largely succeeded in quelling West Bank supporters of Hamas.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Some Palestinians have committed violent acts over the globe on the pretext of a struggle against Israel.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: During the late 1960s, the PLO became increasingly infamous for its use of international terror. In 1969 alone, the PLO was responsible for hijacking 82 planes. El Al Airlines became a regular hijacking target. The hijacking of Air France Flight 139 by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine culminated during a hostage-rescue mission, where Israeli special forces successfully rescued the majority of the hostages.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: However, one of the most well-known and notorious terrorist acts was the capture and eventual murder of 11 Israeli athletes during the 1972 Olympic Games.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: The policies towards suspected collaborators contravene agreements signed by the Palestinian leadership. Article XVI(2) of the Oslo II Agreement states:

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Palestinians who have maintained contact with the Israeli authorities will not be subjected to acts of harassment, violence, retribution, or prosecution.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: The provision was designed to prevent Palestinian leaders from imposing retribution on fellow Palestinians who had worked on behalf of Israel during the occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: In the Gaza Strip, Hamas officials have tortured and killed thousands of Fatah members and other Palestinians who oppose their rule. During the Battle of Gaza, more than 150 Palestinians died over a four-day period. The violence among Palestinians was described as a civil war by some commentators. By 2007, more than 600 Palestinian people had died during the struggle between Hamas and Fatah.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Under the Oslo Accords, as a security measure, Israel has insisted on its control over all land, sea and air border crossings into the Palestinian territories, and the right to set import and export controls. This is to enable Israel to control the entry into the territories of materials of military significance and of potentially dangerous persons.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: The PLO's objective for international recognition of the State of Palestine is considered by Israel as a provocative "unilateral" act that is inconsistent with the Oslo Accords.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: While Israel's consumption of this water has decreased since it began its occupation of the West Bank, it still consumes the majority of it: in the 1950s, Israel consumed 95% of the water output of the Western Aquifer, and 82% of that produced by the Northeastern Aquifer. Although this water was drawn entirely on Israel's own side of the pre-1967 border, the sources of the water are nevertheless from the shared groundwater basins located under both West Bank and Israel.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: In 1999, Israel's Ministry of Foreign Affairs said it continued to honor its obligations under the Interim Agreement. The water that Israel receives comes mainly from the Jordan River system, the Sea of Galilee and two underground sources. According to a 2003 BBC article the Palestinians lack access to the Jordan River system.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Numerous foreign nations and international organizations have established bilateral agreements with the Palestinian and Israeli water authorities. It is estimated that a future investment of about US$1.1bn for the West Bank and $0.8bn is needed for the planning period from 2003 to 2015.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: In order to support and improve the water sector in the Palestinian territories, a number of bilateral and multilateral agencies have been supporting many different water and sanitation programs.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: There are three large seawater desalination plants in Israel and two more scheduled to open before 2014. When the fourth plant becomes operational, 65% of Israel's water will come from desalination plants, according to Minister of Finance Dr. Yuval Steinitz.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: A subsequent settlement proposed by President Clinton offered Palestinian sovereignty over 94 to 96 percent of the West Bank but was similarly rejected with 52 objections. The Arab League has agreed to the principle of minor and mutually agreed land-swaps as part of a negotiated two state settlement based in June 1967 borders. Official U.S. policy also reflects the ideal of using the 1967 borders as a basis for an eventual peace agreement.<ref name="AJ04/2013"></ref>

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: In 2005, Israel's unilateral disengagement plan, a proposal put forward by Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon, was enacted. All residents of Jewish settlements in the Gaza strip were evacuated, and all residential buildings were demolished.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Israel's position that it needs to retain some West Bank land and settlements as a buffer in case of future aggression, and Israel's position that some settlements are legitimate, as they took shape when there was no operative diplomatic arrangement, and thus they did not violate any agreement.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: The State of Israel has been engaged in an ongoing armed conflict with terrorist organizations operating in the Gaza strip. This armed conflict has intensified after Hamas violently took over Gaza, in June 2007, and turned the territory under its de facto control into a launching pad of mortar and rocket attacks against Israeli towns and villages in southern Israel.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: According to Oxfam, because of an import-export ban imposed on Gaza in 2007, 95% of Gaza's industrial operations were suspended. Out of 35,000 people employed by 3,900 factories in June 2005, only 1,750 people remained employed by 195 factories in June 2007. By 2010, Gaza's unemployment rate had risen to 40% with 80% of the population living on less than 2 dollars a day.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Palestinian agriculture suffers from numerous problems including Israeli military and civilian attacks on farms and farmers, blockades to exportation of produce and importation of necessary inputs, widespread confiscation of land for nature reserves as well as military and settler use, confiscation and destruction of wells, and physical barriers within the West Bank.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: In response to a weakening trend in Palestinian violence and growing economic and security cooperation between Israel and the Palestinian Authority, the Israeli military has removed over 120 check points in 2010 and plans on disengaging from major Palestinian population areas. According to the IDF, terrorist activity in the West Bank decreased by 97% compared to violence in 2002.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: PA–Israel efforts in the West Bank have "significantly increased investor confidence", and the Palestinian economy grew 6.8% in 2009.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Since the Second Intifada, Israel has banned Jewish Israelis from entering Palestinian cities. However, Israeli Arabs are allowed to enter West Bank cities on weekends.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: The Palestinian Authority has petitioned the Israeli military to allow Jewish tourists to visit West Bank cities as "part of an effort" to improve the Palestinian economy. Israeli general Avi Mizrahi spoke with Palestinian security officers while touring malls and soccer fields in the West Bank. Mizrahi gave permission to allow Israeli tour guides into Bethlehem, a move intended to "contribute to the Palestinian and Israeli economies."

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Societal attitudes in both Israel and Palestine are a source of concern to those promoting dispute resolution.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: The Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs has expressed concerns that Hamas promote incitement against and overall non-acceptance of Israel, including promotion of violence against Israel.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: Figures do not include the 600 Palestinians killed by other Palestinians in the Gaza Strip since 2006.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: All numbers refer to casualties of direct conflict between Israelis and Palestinians including in IDF military operations, artillery shelling, search and arrest campaigns, barrier demonstrations, targeted killings, settler violence etc. The figures do not include events indirectly related to the conflict such as casualties from unexploded ordnance, etc., or events when the circumstances remain unclear or are in dispute. The figures include all reported casualties of all ages and both genders.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: As reported by the Israeli human rights group B'Tselem, since 29 September 2000 a total of 7,454 Palestinian and Israeli individuals were killed due to the conflict. According to the report, 1,317 of the 6,371 Palestinians were minors, and at least 2,996 did not participate in fighting at the time of death. Palestinians killed 1,083 Israelis, including 741 civilians, of whom 124 were minors.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: The Israeli-based International Policy Institute for Counter-Terrorism criticized the methodology of Israeli and Palestinian rights groups, including B'tselem, and questioned their accuracy in classifying civilian/combatant ratios.

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Israeli–Palestinian conflict

Context: In a study on behalf of the International Policy Institute for Counter-Terrorism, Don Radlauer suggested that "almost all Palestinians killed in this conflict have been male—and absent any other reasonable explanation for such a non-random pattern of fatalities—this suggests that large numbers of Palestinian men and teenaged boys made a choice to confront Israeli forces, even after many of their compatriots had been killed in such confrontations."

Question: 이스라엘과 팔레스타인의 전쟁의 주된 원인은 무엇인가?


Blue iguana

Context: Its specific name "lewisi" commemorates the name of the scientist who collected the holotype of this species, Charles Bernard Lewis.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: The closest relatives are the Cuban iguana ("Cyclura nubila") and the Northern Bahamian rock iguana ("C. cychlura"). It can be genetically distinguished from the subspecies found on Little Cayman and Cayman Brac known as "C. nubila caymanensis", although it can interbreed with this subspecies and produce fertile offspring.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: This animal was originally called the Grand Cayman rock iguana, or Grand Cayman blue rock iguana. After separating this population taxonomically from the other Cayman Islands rock iguanas, Burton proposed a set of new vernacular names for the population in 2004: Grand Cayman blue iguana, Cayman blue iguana or for local colloquial use he proposed the simple abbreviated blue iguana.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: Note that the name "blue iguana" is also used for bright blue forms of the green iguana, "Iguana iguana".

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: Blue iguanas are sexually dimorphic; males are larger and have more prominent dorsal crests as well as larger femoral pores on their thighs, which are used to release pheromones. The male is larger than the female by one third of his body size.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: The blue iguana is endemic to the island of Grand Cayman. As of 2012 the population can be found throughout the island Grand Cayman excluding the urban areas of Bodden Town, Gun Bay, Seven Mile Beach and West Bay. One theory for how the taxon ended up on the island is that a single female Cuban iguana, "C. nubila nubila", with eggs inside her drifted across the sea, perhaps during a storm. Sometimes the Lesser Caymans iguana, "C. nubila caymanensis", has been found on Grand Cayman.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: The blue iguanas occupy rock holes and tree cavities, and as adults are primarily terrestrial. Although not known to be arboreal, it has been observed climbing trees and higher. Younger individuals tend to be more arboreal.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: Like all "Cyclura" species, the blue iguana is primarily herbivorous, consuming leaves, flowers, and fruits from over 45 species of plant. The diet is very rarely supplemented with insects, crabs, slugs and fungi.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: Hatchlings are preyed upon by the native snake "Alsophis cantherigerus". The adults have no natural predators.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: Individuals are aggressively territorial from the age of about three months onward. They typically reach sexual maturity after four years of age in captivity.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: The blue iguana is listed as endangered on the IUCN Red List. In 1988 the British researcher Roger Avery spent two weeks on the island and only observed three animals. Surveys in 2003 indicated a total population in the range of 5–15 individuals. In 2006 the iguana was one of the most endangered lizards on Earth.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: International trade in the species is regulated due to its listing on Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: Habitat destruction is the main factor threatening extinction for this iguana. Land clearance within remnant habitat is occurring for agriculture, road construction, and real estate development and speculation. The conversion of traditional crop lands to cattle pasture is eliminating secondary blue iguana habitat.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: Predation and injury to hatchlings by rats, to hatchlings and sub-adults by feral cats, and killing of adults by pet dogs are all placing severe pressure on the remaining wild population. Automobiles and motorscooters are an increasing cause of mortality as the iguanas rarely survive the collisions. Trapping and shooting is a comparatively minor concern, and has stopped according to the IUCN in 2012, but before 1995 occasional trapping may have occurred.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: In 2008 six blue iguanas were found dead in the preserve within Queen Elizabeth II Botanic Park on Grand Cayman. The iguanas were apparently killed by human vandals armed with knives and two of the slaughtered animals were gravid females about to lay eggs.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: The wild population of blue iguanas had been reduced from a near island-wide distribution to a non-viable, fragmented remnant. By 2001 no young hatched in the unmanaged wild population were surviving to breeding age, meaning the population was functionally extinct, with only five animals remaining in the wild.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: In 1990, the American Zoo and Aquarium Association designated the genus "Cyclura" as their highest priority for conservation. Their first project was an "in situ" captive breeding program for the blue iguana.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: In October 2006, hatchlings were released into the wild for the first time to boost the species and help bring them back from the brink of extinction. Each released blue iguana wears a string of colored beads through its nuchal crest for visual identification at a distance, backed up by an implanted microchip and a high-resolution photograph of its head scales. Head scale patterns are as unique among blue iguanas as fingerprints are among humans.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: The blue iguana is established in captivity, both in public and private collections. There are very few pure-bred animals in private collections, animals in captive breeding programs are often hybrids with the Lesser Caymans Iguana ("C. nubila caymanensis") and occasional hybrids with the Cuban Iguana ("C. nubila nubila"). Breeding in the pet trade minimizes the demand for wild-caught specimens.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: The overall captive population is likely to remain genetically fragmented in the long term. To maintain gene flow, individuals should be translocated between zoos.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: According to the 2001 plan, breeding of blue iguanas in the wild will require indefinite future management. To sustain this activity, a range of commercial activities was hoped to generate the required funding. An education and awareness effort in 2007 was meant to ensure local involvement and support.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Blue iguana

Context: In April 2019, one iguana laid 18 eggs for possible hatching. Any survivals will be the first successful breeding since 2015.

Question: 푸른이구아나가 처음 발견된 년도는 언제인가?


Bomb

Context: A bomb is an explosive weapon that uses the exothermic reaction of an explosive material to provide an extremely sudden and violent release of energy. Detonations inflict damage principally through ground- and atmosphere-transmitted mechanical stress, the impact and penetration of pressure-driven projectiles, pressure damage, and explosion-generated effects. Bombs have been utilized since the 11th century starting in East Asia.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: The word comes from the Latin , which in turn comes from the Greek romanized , an onomatopoetic term meaning 'booming', 'buzzing'.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: The Song Dynasty (960–1279) official Li Zengbo wrote in 1257 that arsenals should have several hundred thousand iron bomb shells available and that when he was in Jingzhou, about one to two thousand were produced each month for dispatch of ten to twenty thousand at a time to Xiangyang and Yingzhou. The Ming Dynasty text "Huolongjing" describes the use of poisonous gunpowder bombs, including the "wind-and-dust" bomb.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: During the Mongol invasions of Japan, the Mongols used the explosive "thunder-crash bombs" against the Japanese. Archaeological evidence of the "thunder-crash bombs" has been discovered in an underwater shipwreck off the shore of Japan by the Kyushu Okinawa Society for Underwater Archaeology. X-rays by Japanese scientists of the excavated shells confirmed that they contained gunpowder.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: Explosive shock waves can cause situations such as body displacement (i.e., people being thrown through the air), dismemberment, internal bleeding and ruptured eardrums.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: Shock waves produced by explosive events have two distinct components, the positive and negative wave. The positive wave shoves outward from the point of detonation, followed by the trailing vacuum space "sucking back" towards the point of origin as the shock bubble collapses.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: The greatest defense against shock injuries is distance from the source of shock. As a point of reference, the overpressure at the Oklahoma City bombing was estimated in the range of

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: Fragmentation is produced by the acceleration of shattered pieces of bomb casing and adjacent physical objects. The use of fragmentation in bombs dates to the 14th century, and appears in the Ming Dynasty text "Huolongjing". The fragmentation bombs were filled with iron pellets and pieces of broken porcelain. Once the bomb explodes, the resulting fragments are capable of piercing the skin and blinding enemy soldiers.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: While conventionally viewed as small metal shards moving at super-supersonic and hypersonic speeds, fragmentation can occur in epic proportions and travel for extensive distances. When the SS "Grandcamp" exploded in the Texas City Disaster on April 16, 1947, one fragment of that blast was a two-ton anchor which was hurled nearly two miles inland to embed itself in the parking lot of the Pan American refinery.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: Atomic bombs are based on the theory of nuclear fission, that when a large atom splits, it releases a massive amount of energy. Thermonuclear weapons, (colloquially known as "hydrogen bombs") use the energy from an initial fission explosion to create an even more powerful fusion explosion.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: The term dirty bomb refers to a specialized device that relies on a comparatively low explosive yield to scatter harmful material over a wide area. Most commonly associated with radiological or chemical materials, dirty bombs seek to kill or injure and then to deny access to a contaminated area until a thorough clean-up can be accomplished. In the case of urban settings, this clean-up may take extensive time, rendering the contaminated zone virtually uninhabitable in the interim.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: Below is a list of five different types of bombs based on the fundamental explosive mechanism they employ.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: Relatively small explosions can be produced by pressurizing a container until catastrophic failure such as with a dry ice bomb. Technically, devices that create explosions of this type can not be classified as "bombs" by the definition presented at the top of this article. However, the explosions created by these devices can cause property damage, injury, or death. Flammable liquids, gasses and gas mixtures dispersed in these explosions may also ignite if exposed to a spark or flame.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: A thermobaric bomb is a type of explosive that utilizes oxygen from the surrounding air to generate an intense, high-temperature explosion, and in practice the blast wave typically produced by such a weapon is of a significantly longer duration than that produced by a conventional condensed explosive. The fuel-air bomb is one of the best-known types of thermobaric weapons.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: A pure fusion weapon is a nuclear weapon that doesn't require a primary fission stage to start a fusion reaction.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: Antimatter bombs can theoretically be constructed, but antimatter is very costly to produce and hard to store safely.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: An inert bomb is one whose inner energetic material has been removed or otherwise rendered harmless. Inert munitions are used in military and naval training, and they are also collected and displayed by public museums, or by private parties.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: Typically, NATO inert munitions are painted entirely in light blue and/or have the word "INERT" stenciled on them in prominent locations.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: The first air-dropped bombs were used by the Austrians in the 1849 siege of Venice. Two hundred unmanned balloons carried small bombs, although few bombs actually hit the city.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: The first bombing from a fixed-wing aircraft took place in 1911 when the Italians dropped bombs by hand on the Turkish lines in what is now Libya, during the Italo-Turkish War. The first large scale dropping of bombs took place during World War I starting in 1915 with the German Zeppelin airship raids on London, England, and the same war saw the invention of the first heavy bombers. One Zeppelin raid on 8 September 1915 dropped of high explosives and incendiary bombs, including one bomb that weighed .

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: Aircraft may also deliver bombs in the form of warheads on guided missiles, such as long-range cruise missiles, which can also be launched from warships.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: A hand grenade is delivered by being thrown. Grenades can also be projected by other means, such as being launched from the muzzle of a rifle (as in the rifle grenade), using a grenade launcher (such as the M203), or by attaching a rocket to the explosive grenade (as in a rocket-propelled grenade (RPG)).

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: A bomb destroying a rail track just before a train arrives will usually cause the train to derail. In addition to the damage to vehicles and people, a bomb exploding in a transport network often damages, and is sometimes mainly intended to damage, the network itself. This applies for railways, bridges, runways, and ports, and, to a lesser extent (depending on circumstances), to roads.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: In the case of suicide bombing, the bomb is often carried by the attacker on his or her body, or in a vehicle driven to the target.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: The Blue Peacock nuclear mines, which were also termed "bombs", were planned to be positioned during wartime and be constructed such that, if disturbed, they would explode within ten seconds.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: The explosion of a bomb may be triggered by a detonator or a fuse. Detonators are triggered by clocks, remote controls like cell phones or some kind of sensor, such as pressure (altitude), radar, vibration or contact. Detonators vary in ways they work, they can be electrical, fire fuze or blast initiated detonators and others,

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: In forensic science, the point of detonation of a bomb is referred to as its blast seat, seat of explosion, blast hole or epicenter. Depending on the type, quantity and placement of explosives, the blast seat may be either spread out or concentrated (i.e., an explosion crater).

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Bomb

Context: Other types of explosions, such as dust or vapor explosions, do not cause craters or even have definitive blast seats.

Question: 누가 첫번째 폭탄을 발명했는가?


Seoul Broadcasting System

Context: The network's current advertising slogan is "Together, we make delight" (함께 만드는 기쁨), as used in a new station identification video with apl.de.ap's "We Can Be Anything" as background music.

Question: 현재 SBS 방송센터는 어디에 있는가?


Seoul Broadcasting System

Context: The 8 News concluded with an apology to the viewers. "We are extremely apologetic towards the viewers for adding confusion, and to the bereaved for causing distress. We will be continuing to work to find the truth behind Jang Ja-yeon's controversy.".

Question: 현재 SBS 방송센터는 어디에 있는가?


Seoul Broadcasting System

Context: SBS 8 News also got into the fire for airing close-up footage of a girl's thighs with the upper part covered by a mini-skirt. It was a part of a news report about women wearing mini-skirts that might cause rape. However, netizens criticised the footage as: "sexual assault, and a mini-skirt, what is the relationship," and "SBS 8 o'clock news close-up footage of miniskirts, women are walking to the scene, it is only part of her thighs."

Question: 현재 SBS 방송센터는 어디에 있는가?


Carrauntoohil

Context: In the 1950s, a wooden cross was erected on the summit, a privately owned commonage, by the local community. In 1976, the wooden cross was replaced by a steel cross. In 2014, the cross was cut down by unknown persons in protest against the Catholic Church, but it was re-erected shortly after.

Question: 아일랜드에서 가장 높은 산은 무엇인가?


Carrauntoohil

Context: A state-sponsored report into access for the range in December 2013 titled "MacGillycuddy Reeks Mountain Access Development Assessment" (also called the Mountain Access Project, or MAP), mapped the complex network of land titles. Unlike many other national mountain ranges, MacGillycuddy's Reeks are not part of a national park or a trust structure, and are instead completely privately owned.

Question: 아일랜드에서 가장 높은 산은 무엇인가?


Carrauntoohil

Context: These same east and north-east faces are also used for winter climbing, conditions permitting, and seven routes of climbing grade V are marked amongst almost eighty routes in total.

Question: 아일랜드에서 가장 높은 산은 무엇인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: Some proponents of the legal recognition of same-sex marriage—such as Marriage Equality USA (founded in 1998), Freedom to Marry (founded in 2003), and Canadians for Equal Marriage—have long used the terms "marriage equality" and "equal marriage" to signal that their goal was for same-sex marriage to be recognized on equal ground with opposite-sex marriage. The Associated Press recommends the use of "same-sex marriage" over "gay marriage".

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: Anthropologists have struggled to determine a definition of marriage that absorbs commonalities of the social construct across cultures around the world. Many proposed definitions have been criticized for failing to recognize the existence of same-sex marriage in some cultures, including those of more than 30 African peoples, such as the Kikuyu and Nuer.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: With several countries revising their marriage laws to recognize same-sex couples in the 21st century, all major English dictionaries have revised their definition of the word marriage to either drop gender specifications or supplement them with secondary definitions to include gender-neutral language or explicit recognition of same-sex unions. The "Oxford English Dictionary" has recognized same-sex marriage since 2000.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: Opponents of same-sex marriage who want marriage to be restricted to pairings of a man and a woman, such as The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, the Catholic Church, and the Southern Baptist Convention, use the term "traditional marriage" to mean opposite-sex marriage.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: What is arguably the first historical mention of the performance of marriages between same-sex couples occurred during the early Roman Empire according to controversial historian John Boswell. These were usually reported in a critical or satirical manner.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: Child emperor Elagabalus referred to his chariot driver, a blond slave from Caria named Hierocles, as his husband. He also married an athlete named Zoticus in a lavish public ceremony in Rome amidst the rejoicings of the citizens.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: According to Craig A. Williams some Romans as early as the first century clearly did participate in formal ceremonies in which two males were married. These marriages were seen as atypical: Williams writes that "a marriage between two fully gendered 'men' was inconceivable; if two males were joined together, one of them had to be 'the woman.'"

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: Dates are when marriages between same-sex couples began to be officially certified. Marriage between same-sex couples is still not performed locally in some polities that recognize it when performed in other jurisdictions (e.g. several Mexican states).

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: Same-sex marriage is legally performed and recognized (nationwide or in some parts) in the following countries: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Denmark, Ecuador, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Malta, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Uruguay.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: Same-sex marriage is under consideration by the legislature or the courts in Andorra, Cuba, the Czech Republic, Greece, India, Italy, states in Mexico (e.g. Guerrero), the Navajo Nation, Peru, Thailand and Venezuela. Civil unions are being considered in a number of countries, including Thailand and Barbados since 2020, Serbia since 2021, Latvia and Lithuania since 2022.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: On 12 March 2015, the European Parliament passed a non-binding resolution encouraging EU institutions and member states to "[reflect] on the recognition of same-sex marriage or same-sex civil union as a political, social and human and civil rights issue". In 2018, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights ruled that all signatory countries must allow same-sex marriage.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: In response to the international spread of same-sex marriage, a number of countries have enacted preventative constitutional bans, with the most recent being Georgia in 2018 and Russia in 2020. In other countries, constitutions have been adopted which have wording specifying that marriage is between a man and a woman, although, especially with the older constitutions, they were not necessarily worded with the intent to ban same-sex marriage.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: British Judge Sir Nicolas Bratza, then head of the European Court of Human Rights, delivered a speech in 2012 that signaled the court was ready to declare same-sex marriage a "human right", as soon as enough countries fell into line.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: Article 12 of the European Convention on Human Rights states that: "Men and women of marriageable age have the right to marry and to found a family, according to the national laws governing the exercise of this right", not limiting marriage to those in a heterosexual relationship. However, the ECHR stated in "Schalk and Kopf v Austria" that this provision was intended to limit marriage to heterosexual relationships, as it used the term "men and women" instead of "everyone".

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: The ruling has directly led to the legal recognition of same-sex marriage in Costa Rica and Ecuador. In the wake of the ruling, lawsuits regarding same-sex marriage have also been filed in Bolivia, Honduras, Panama, Paraguay (to recognize marriages performed abroad), and Peru, all of which are under the jurisdiction of the IACHR.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: The terms of employment of the staff of international organizations (not commercial) in most cases are not governed by the laws of the country where their offices are located. Agreements with the host country safeguard these organizations' impartiality.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: Additionally, seventeen countries that have legally recognized same-sex marriage have an alternative form of recognition for same-sex couples, usually available to heterosexual couples as well: Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, France, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, the United Kingdom and Uruguay.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: They are also available in parts of the United States (Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Illinois, New Jersey, Nevada and Oregon) and Canada.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: Female same-sex marriage is practiced among the Gikuyu, Nandi, Kamba, Kipsigis, and to a lesser extent neighboring peoples. About 5–10% of women are in such marriages. However, this is not seen as homosexual, but is instead a way for families without sons to keep their inheritance within the family.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: Among the Igbo people and probably other peoples in the south of the country, there are circumstances where a marriage between women is considered appropriate, such as when a woman has no child and her husband dies, and she takes a wife to perpetuate her inheritance and family lineage.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: Research findings from 1998 to 2015 from the University of Virginia, Michigan State University, Florida State University, the University of Amsterdam, the New York State Psychiatric Institute, Stanford University, the University of California-San Francisco, the University of California-Los Angeles, Tufts University, Boston Medical Center, the Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health, and independent researchers also support the findings of this study.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: The American Academy of Pediatrics concluded in 2006, in an analysis published in the journal "Pediatrics":

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: Scientific literature indicates that parents' financial, psychological and physical well-being is enhanced by marriage and that children benefit from being raised by two parents within a legally recognized union (either a mixed-sex or same-sex union). As a result, professional scientific associations have argued for same-sex marriage to be legally recognized as it will be beneficial to the children of same-sex parents or carers.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: Scientific research has been generally consistent in showing that lesbian and gay parents are as fit and capable as heterosexual parents, and their children are as psychologically healthy and well-adjusted as children reared by heterosexual parents. According to scientific literature reviews, there is no evidence to the contrary.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: As of 2010, more than 16,000 same-sex couples were raising an estimated 22,000 adopted children in the United States, 4% of all adopted children.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: A gay or bisexual man has the option of surrogacy, the process in which a woman bears a child for another person through artificial insemination or carries another woman's surgically implanted fertilized egg to birth. A lesbian or bisexual woman has the option of artificial insemination. Whether these arrangements are legal are subject to controversy in several jurisdictions.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: There are differing positions regarding the manner in which same-sex marriage has been introduced into democratic jurisdictions. A "majority rules" position holds that same-sex marriage is valid, or void and illegal, based upon whether it has been accepted by a simple majority of voters or of their elected representatives.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?


Same-sex marriage

Context: In contrast, a civil rights view holds that the institution can be validly created through the ruling of an impartial judiciary carefully examining the questioning and finding that the right to marry regardless of the gender of the participants is guaranteed under the civil rights laws of the jurisdiction.

Question: 가장 동성결혼이 많은 나라는 어디인가?