Ash Ketchum

Context: In episode 58 of the fifth season (), "The Ties That Bind!", Ash started his rivalry with Gary, Professor Oak's grandson, after they both fished out an old PokéBall then broke it in half. After that, Ash and Gary kept both half as a reminder of the day they started their rivalry.

Question: 『ポケットモンスター 赤・緑』の主人公の出身地の名前は？


Ash Ketchum

Context: Ash traveled to the Orange Islands with Misty and Tracey Sketchit, a Pokémon watcher, obtained all 4 badges and competed in the Orange League to battle Drake, the Orange League Champion. Ash was able to win his battle against Drake, giving him his first League Championship as a Pokémon trainer. This particular Pokémon League exists only in the anime series, and not adapted from the video game series.

Question: 『ポケットモンスター 赤・緑』の主人公の出身地の名前は？


Ash Ketchum

Context: He then traveled on to the Johto region with Brock and Misty, hoping to meet with Gary and finally defeat him in the Johto League. He won 8 badges and competed in the Johto Conference. Ash beat Gary again, in the 1st round of the conference, and was able to make it to the quarter-finals, and achieve Top 8. However, he lost in the 2nd round.

Question: 『ポケットモンスター 赤・緑』の主人公の出身地の名前は？


Ash Ketchum

Context: Ash then moved on and traveled through the Hoenn region, along with Brock and two new characters: May, an aspiring Pokémon coordinator, and her younger brother Max, and together they ended up bringing down the rival teams Team Magma and Team Aqua. He was able to get all 8 badges and then competed in the Hoenn Conference and lost in the 3rd round.

Question: 『ポケットモンスター 赤・緑』の主人公の出身地の名前は？


Ash Ketchum

Context: Although he got involved and ended up getting captured by Team Rocket and an evil organization from his past journeys for various reasons, Ash did avoid getting captured or gotten away from a couple of evil organizations, Team Aqua, Team Plasma and Team Skull.

Question: 『ポケットモンスター 赤・緑』の主人公の出身地の名前は？


Ash Ketchum

Context: Though "Pokémon Yellow" has certain plot aspects that were inspired by the anime series, the player character is still named Red rather than Ash.

Question: 『ポケットモンスター 赤・緑』の主人公の出身地の名前は？


Ash Ketchum

Context: In "Pokémon Sun" and "Moon"'s demo, the player character, Sun, receives a letter from Ash, along with his Greninja, which is capable of assuming its "Ash-Greninja" form through its ability Battle Bond. Ash also makes a cameo in Ghost Trial of the full game, where one may see a blurry photo of him and his Pikachu in the back room.

Question: 『ポケットモンスター 赤・緑』の主人公の出身地の名前は？


Ash Ketchum

Context: Although not parodied quite as frequently as the franchise mascot Pikachu, Ash still has many parodies and appearances in various other media, ranging from an unofficial fan-made film to several representations in web media, including many parodies on the YouTube channel Smosh.

Question: 『ポケットモンスター 赤・緑』の主人公の出身地の名前は？


Ash Ketchum

Context: A character wearing Ash's League Expo hat makes a cameo in the 4th episode of the 4th season of "Rick and Morty".

Question: 『ポケットモンスター 赤・緑』の主人公の出身地の名前は？


Ash Ketchum

Context: A man wearing Ash's original outfit also appears in a few Taiwanese Subway ads teaching passengers basic safety procedures. A man wearing Ash's original League Expo hat is also shown in the third episode of season 4 of the show "Metalocalypse". In the episode "Johnny'mon" of the cartoon show "Johnny Test", the character Blast Ketchup is a blatant parody of Ash Ketchum. The title is also a parody of "Pokémon".

Question: 『ポケットモンスター 赤・緑』の主人公の出身地の名前は？


Ash Ketchum

Context: A boy wearing Ash's attire from the original series can be seen in the episode "Operation: A.R.C.H.I.V.E." of "". Ash also appears in the "Captain Tsubasa" (2018) series as a spectator, in his "Sun and Moon" attire.

Question: 『ポケットモンスター 赤・緑』の主人公の出身地の名前は？


Ash Ketchum

Context: In the game "Overwatch", the character Hanzo says the line "I choose you, spirit dragon", which is a reference to the phrase Ash frequently uses when sending out one of his Pokémon to battle, such as "Pikachu, I choose you!"

Question: 『ポケットモンスター 赤・緑』の主人公の出身地の名前は？


Ash Ketchum

Context: Ash also made a brief appearance on "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert", where he has a 'Pokémon battle' against Cartoon Donald Trump with Special Prosecutor Robert Mueller.

Question: 『ポケットモンスター 赤・緑』の主人公の出身地の名前は？


Ash Ketchum

Context: Ash has also garnered praise for serving as a role-model to children, and for his persistence despite being an underdog by Business Insider Australia. He has also been cited as a character that incentivizes trying to be the best person you can be, rather than the strongest, or most qualified by the BBC.

Question: 『ポケットモンスター 赤・緑』の主人公の出身地の名前は？


Ash Ketchum

Context: Ash's Manalo Conference win has been compared to basketball player LeBron James winning his first ring and film director Martin Scorsese winning his first Oscar.

Question: 『ポケットモンスター 赤・緑』の主人公の出身地の名前は？


Terpsichora

Context: Ryoko Yamagishi also wrote a sequel, titled . Media Factory has released the first "tankōbon" volume on July 23, 2008. Media Factory released the fourth volume of the manga on July 23, 2010. The second volume of "Terpsichora Part 2" was ranked 10th on the Tohan charts between 24th and 30 March 2009. The fourth volume of "Terpsichora Part 2" was ranked 18th and 19th on the Tohan charts between July 19, 2010, and August 1, 2010.

Question: 漫画『舞姫 テレプシコーラ』のジャンルは何


Nagano Electric Railway

Context: The is a private railway based in Nagano, Japan. The company and its line are commonly referred to as . It originally operated three lines, but only the Nagano Line between Nagano — Suzaka — Shinshū-Nakano — Yudanaka remains in service. And, this company makes a 1.1% investment in Shinano Railway.

Question: 長野電鉄はいつ創立された？


Nagano Electric Railway

Context: The Nagano Line has frequent local and express services. It is a major route for commuter traffic in Nagano, and also serves as a link for tourists going to the town of Obuse, the hot springs at Yudanaka, and the ski resorts at Shiga Kōgen.

Question: 長野電鉄はいつ創立された？


Nagano Electric Railway

Context: At limited times throughout the year, there are special reserve round-trip trains between Nagano and Obuse several nights a week in which customers are served a local, specially-made bento and drink local alcohol. For example, on select evenings in March and April, local nihonshu. At other seasons, a beer train on the same route is available. In addition, a wine-tasting train from Nagano to Yudanaka or Yudanaka to Nagano is available on select Saturdays throughout the year.

Question: 長野電鉄はいつ創立された？


Nagano Electric Railway

Context: Ex-Odakyū 10000 series HiSE sets for Limited express "A" ("Yukemuri") services. Entered service from 9 December 2006.

Question: 長野電鉄はいつ創立された？


Nagano Electric Railway

Context: Ex-JR Narita Express 253 series sets for "Snow Monkey" limited express services. Entered service from 26 February 2011.

Question: 長野電鉄はいつ創立された？


Nagano Electric Railway

Context: Ex-Tokyo Metro 03 series sets for local services. Introduced in January 2020. Scheduled to replace the existing 3500 & 3600 series in 2020.

Question: 長野電鉄はいつ創立された？


Nagano Electric Railway

Context: Ex-TRTA 3000 series sets for local services. Introduced in 1993. Scheduled to be removed from service in late 2020.

Question: 長野電鉄はいつ創立された？


Nagano Electric Railway

Context: The Yoshida - Asahi section was double-tracked in 1956, and freight services ceased in 1979. CTC signalling was commissioned between Yudanaka and Asahi in 1980, and extended to Nagano in 1984. The section from Nagano to Zenkōjishita was converted to an underground railway in 1981.

Question: 長野電鉄はいつ創立された？


Chief operating officer

Context: A chief operating officer (COO), also called a chief operations officer, is one of the highest-ranking executive positions in an organization, composing part of the "C-suite". The COO is usually the second-in-command at the firm, especially if the highest-ranking executive is the chairperson and CEO. The COO is responsible for the daily operation of the company and its office building and routinely reports to the highest-ranking executive—usually the chief executive officer (CEO).

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Chief operating officer

Context: Unlike other C-suite positions, which tend to be defined according to commonly designated responsibilities across most companies, a COO's job tends to be defined in relation to the specific CEO with whom they work, given the close working relationship of these two individuals.

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Chief operating officer

Context: The selection of a COO is similar in many ways to the selection of a vice president or chief of staff of the United States: power and responsibility structures vary in government and private regimes depending on the style and needs of the president or CEO. Thus, the COO role meets individual expectations and changes as leadership teams adjust.

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Chief operating officer

Context: The COO position is common in firms that are operationally intensive, such as airline and automotive industries.

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Chief operating officer

Context: In a similar vein to the COO, the title of corporate president as a separate position (as opposed to being combined with a "C-suite" designation, such as "president and CEO" or "president and COO") is also loosely defined. The president is usually the legally recognized highest rank of corporate officer, ranking above the various vice presidents (including senior vice president and executive vice president), but on its own generally considered subordinate, in practice, to the CEO.

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Chief operating officer

Context: Lloyd E. Reuss was president of General Motors from 1990 to 1992, as the right-hand man of chairman and CEO Robert C. Stempel. Stempel insisted on naming Reuss as company president in charge of North American operations, the board reluctantly agreed but showed their displeasure by not giving Reuss the title of COO.

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Chief operating officer

Context: Richard D. Parsons was number two in the company hierarchy during his tenure as president of Time Warner from 1995 to 2001, but he had no authority over the operating divisions, and instead took on assignments at the behest of chairman and CEO Gerald Levin.

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Chief operating officer

Context: Michael Capellas was appointed president of Hewlett-Packard in order to ease its acquisition and integration of Compaq, where Capellas was previously chairman and CEO. Capellas ended up serving just six months as HP president before departing. His former role of president was not filled as the executives who reported to him then reported directly to the CEO.

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Chief operating officer

Context: Tom Anselmi of Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment was chief operating officer from 2004 until September 6, 2013. Between the departure of Richard Peddie and the hiring of Tim Leiweke for the posts of president and CEO, Anselmi added the title of president from September 4, 2012, to June 30, 2013, however he remained COO and did not receive the title of CEO.

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Chief operating officer

Context: Research in Motion's corporate structure had more than one COO, including Jim Rowan as chief operating officer for global operations, and Thorsten Heins as COO of products and sales.

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Chief operating officer

Context: At the World Bank, the president outranks the other executives including the CEO and chief economist.

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Chief operating officer

Context: Most modern companies operate without a COO. For example, in 2007 almost 58% of Fortune 500 companies did not have a COO. In these instances the CEO either takes on more roles and responsibilities, or the roles traditionally assigned to the COO are carried out by sub C-suite executives. Although the number of COOs has been in decline for the past 10 years, there are reasons to anticipate an increased utilization of the position in the future, including:

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Chief operating officer

Context: In the manufacturing sector, the primary role of the COO is routinely one of operations management, meaning that the COO is responsible for the development, design, operation, and improvement of the systems that create and deliver the firm's products. The COO is responsible for ensuring that business operations are efficient and effective and that the proper management of resources, distribution of goods and services to customers and analysis of queue systems is conducted.

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Chief operating officer

Context: Despite the functional diversity associated with the role of COO, there are some common functions the COOs usually perform:

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Chief operating officer

Context: Routinely in large organizations the COO will be the heir apparent to the CEO. Individuals may have worked their way (internally) up the company ladder before being named COO, or may have been recruited from an outside company. Either way, the position is used as a training and testing ground for the next CEO.

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Chief operating officer

Context: A 2003 Crist Associates study revealed that only 17% of companies that promote a COO to a CEO replace the COO within the next year.

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Chief operating officer

Context: An Accenture study found that approximately one in nine COOs moved into the CEO's shoes within a year of their departure and that half of COOs see themselves as the "heir apparent." COOs transitioning into the CEO role often face similar challenges including:

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Chief operating officer

Context: According to researchers Miles and Bennett, just knowing these common pitfalls can help a COO "heir" better prepare for the transition, thereby avoiding them in totality or ensuring that at least they do not evolve into full derailers once they are in the CEO seat.

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Chief operating officer

Context: Nathan Bennett and Stephen A. Miles have researched the role of COOs. Their published works analyse the role and its effectiveness, classify the different types of COOs, and examine relationships between CEOs and COOs.

Question: エグゼクティブ・マネジャーが一つの会社に複数いることはある？


Willebadessen

Context: Willebadessen lies on the eastern edge of the Eggegebirge (the southern extension of the Teutoburg Forest) about 25 km southeast of Paderborn, and is crossed by the little river Nethe, which rises in the neighbouring community of Bad Driburg-Neuenheerse, emptying eventually into the Weser near Höxter-Godelheim.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: It is believed that the village's founder was a man named Burchard, since its name would seem to be Old High German for "at Burchard's houses".

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: Over the centuries, the village has undergone several name changes: "Burchartinghusen" (1102), "Burchardinchuson" (1120), "Borgardinchusen" (1232), "Borninghusen" (1584), "Bornighusen", "Borlinghusen", and finally Borlinghausen, locally pronounced "Burnechousen".

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: Borlinghausen's beginnings were sometime before the first documentary mention, in Saxon times between 500 and 800, at which time it formed the western part of the "Mark Löwen". It was in this time that most places with names ending in "—hausen" came into being. The Mark Löwen in turn belonged to the Hessian-Saxon Gau.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: Emperor Charlemagne conquered the Duchy of Saxony in the years 772 to 804. The "Gaue" (roughly, regions) that had been in force until then were each placed under a count and were thereafter known as counties ("Grafschaften"). The Emperor demanded suzerainty over the marches, and the counts' power grew ever greater with their burdens. Charlemagne forced the Saxons, under threat of death, to convert to Christianity and have themselves baptized.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: For 800 years, Borlinghausen was part of the Prince-Bishopric of Paderborn after Count Dodiko of Warburg donated his estate to Bishop Meinwerk of Paderborn about 1000. This only ended with Prussian secularization in 1803.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: In 1411, after the lordly Spiegel family's Borlinghausen line had died out, the Counts of Waldeck handed the fief to their kin, Gerd von Spiegel zu Peckelsheim, including the village, the castle and the church fief.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: By 1755, the Hereditary Marshal was Johann Heinrich von Spiegel, who had been in the service of the Duchy of Brunswick, and who in this year founded the local shooting club. He was succeeded in 1789 by his only son Karl Franz Theodor von Spiegel.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: Under the Treaties of Tilsit on 9 July 1807, Prussia had to cede all its territory west of the Elbe to the French Emperor Napoléon Bonaparte. Out of this was made, among other entities, the Kingdom of Westphalia, which the Emperor gave his younger brother, Jérôme Bonaparte; Borlinghausen was in this kingdom.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: The Baron of Spiegel-Borlinghausen became King Jérôme's chamberlain, and his son a captain in his army in 1813. Each community was given a "maire", and the Baron was given this post in Borlinghausen, which now belonged to the Canton of Peckelsheim in the District of Höxter in the Department of Fulda. After the Battle of the Nations at Leipzig from 16 to 19 October 1813, the French were forced to flee.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: In 1822, Karl Josef von Spiegel inherited the Borlinghausen Estate and bequeathed it to his only child Marie Louise who wed Franz Karl Freiherr von Elmendorff in 1835. She sold the Borlinghausen Estate four years later to the Protestant banking family Bierbaum from Braunschweig who had lent her 44,000 Thalers seven years earlier so that she could pay her mother and uncle off. This brought an end to the Spiegel overlordship after five centuries.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: In 1860, Julius Bierbaum sold the Borlinghausen Estate to Oswald Freiherr von Wendt, a former Catholic lieutenant colonel in the Austro-Hungarian Army, who had the Borlinghausen Church of Saint Mary Help of the Christians built. The Baron's coat of arms can still be seen over the entrance – three helms.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: In the First World War, 63 Borlinghausen townsfolk joined the Imperial forces, 22 of them seeing active duty, and 13 of these losing their lives.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: In the Second World War, 88 Borlinghausen townsfolk joined the Nazi forces, 23 of them losing their lives and 5 going missing in action.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: Between 1001 and 1010 came Eissen's first documentary mention under the name "Aieshusun" in the Corvey Abbey's donation register. About 1080 a monastery farm was mentioned. Sometime between 1000 and 1100, a stone church consecrated to Saint Liborius was built in Eissen on the initiative of the Bishopric of Paderborn, to which the church was subject. The church became the parish church, with Eissen as the parish.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: There was also fighting in the area during the Seven Years' War. Furthermore, from 1 December 1758 until Easter 1759, four squadrons of Hessian dragoons were billeted in Eissen and neighbouring places. From autumn 1760 to early summer 1761, 42 people (12% of the population) died from the war's effects.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: In 1812, two men from Eissen lost their lives in Napoléon Bonaparte's disastrous Russian campaign after having been impressed into his Grande Armée. Later in the 19th century, one Eissener did not come back from the Franco-Prussian War in 1871, and three further men later died, likely from their wounds.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: On 6 May 1879, a great fire burnt 47 houses down in 20 minutes. The conflagration had been started by a twelve-year-old schoolboy who had been in a goat stall secretly trying a cigar stub that he had found.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: On 1 October 1876, Eissen was joined to the railway network on the Scherfede-Holzminden line, and was given its own station.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: In the First World War, 30 Eissen townsfolk lost their lives. In the Second World War, 71 Eissen townsfolk fell.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: On 2 June 1984, passenger service on this railway line was discontinued, leaving Eissen without rail transport.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: The origin of the name Löwen (earlier Lovene) seems to be similar to that of the town of Venlo, namely from Lo or Loh (an old German word for forest) and Venn (marsh or wetland; the word is cognate with the English word fen), describing a boggy wood. This later shifted to Löwen – German for "lions" – but it seems unlikely that the name has anything to do with the big cats.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: Town council's 26 seats are apportioned as follows, in accordance with municipal elections held on 26 September 2004:

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: The new arms with the Bishop, and without Mary and the towers, were granted on 17 February 1977. The knobs over the doorways have also been rearranged so that there are now thirteen – one for each constituent community.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Willebadessen

Context: Willebadessen lies on highways L828 (Scherfede-Horn Bad Meinberg) and L763 (Kleinenberg-B252). Federal Highway ("Bundesstraße") B252 also runs right by Peckelsheim and Niesen.

Question: ヴィレバートエッセンが都市して始まったのはいつですか？


Oxford Scientific Films

Context: In March 2008, Southern Star merged its Sydney-based factual business division into the Oxford Scientific Films division, retaining the brand name for specialist documentaries, while using "Southern Star Factual" as the brand name for its features and entertainment style documentaries. When Southern Star was sold to Endemol, Oxford Scientific Films was retained by parent company Fairfax Media. In 2011 Oxford Scientific Films was acquired by Boom Pictures Productions, who own a 70% share of the company.

Question: オックスフォード科学動画制作はいつ設立した


Oxford Scientific Films

Context: In March 2008, parent company Southern Star Group merged its Sydney-based "factual business unit" into the Oxford Scientific Films division. The merged company now uses two brands, with the existing Oxford Scientific Films name being used for its "specialist factual programmes", while the Southern Star Factual brand will be used for "features and factual entertainment shows."

Question: オックスフォード科学動画制作はいつ設立した


Oxford Scientific Films

Context: Some time later, Oxford Scientific Films became part of the Twofour Group, which was acquired on 24 June 2015 by ITV Studios.

Question: オックスフォード科学動画制作はいつ設立した


Oxford Scientific Films

Context: Oxford Scientific Films has produced numerous award-winning programmes and films. In 1998, its film "The Forbidden Fruit" produced for the BBC's long-running series "The Natural World" and WNET Nature, won seven industry awards. "Heroes of the High Frontier", produced as a National Geographic Special, won four awards and was a finalist for the Best of the Show Grand Award Trophy at the New York Festivals.

Question: オックスフォード科学動画制作はいつ設立した


Abelian variety

Context: In mathematics, particularly in algebraic geometry, complex analysis and algebraic number theory, an abelian variety is a projective algebraic variety that is also an algebraic group, i.e., has a group law that can be defined by regular functions. Abelian varieties are at the same time among the most studied objects in algebraic geometry and indispensable tools for much research on other topics in algebraic geometry and number theory.

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: An abelian variety can be defined by equations having coefficients in any field; the variety is then said to be defined "over" that field. Historically the first abelian varieties to be studied were those defined over the field of complex numbers. Such abelian varieties turn out to be exactly those complex tori that can be embedded into a complex projective space.

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: Abelian varieties appear naturally as Jacobian varieties (the connected components of zero in Picard varieties) and Albanese varieties of other algebraic varieties. The group law of an abelian variety is necessarily commutative and the variety is non-singular. An elliptic curve is an abelian variety of dimension 1. Abelian varieties have Kodaira dimension 0.

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: In the early nineteenth century, the theory of elliptic functions succeeded in giving a basis for the theory of elliptic integrals, and this left open an obvious avenue of research. The standard forms for elliptic integrals involved the square roots of cubic and quartic polynomials. When those were replaced by polynomials of higher degree, say quintics, what would happen?

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: After Abel and Jacobi, some of the most important contributors to the theory of abelian functions were Riemann, Weierstrass, Frobenius, Poincaré and Picard. The subject was very popular at the time, already having a large literature.

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: By the end of the 19th century, mathematicians had begun to use geometric methods in the study of abelian functions. Eventually, in the 1920s, Lefschetz laid the basis for the study of abelian functions in terms of complex tori. He also appears to be the first to use the name "abelian variety". It was André Weil in the 1940s who gave the subject its modern foundations in the language of algebraic geometry.

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: Today, abelian varieties form an important tool in number theory, in dynamical systems (more specifically in the study of Hamiltonian systems), and in algebraic geometry (especially Picard varieties and Albanese varieties).

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: A complex torus of dimension "g" is a torus of real dimension 2"g" that carries the structure of a complex manifold. It can always be obtained as the quotient of a "g"-dimensional complex vector space by a lattice of rank 2"g".

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: A complex abelian variety of dimension "g" is a complex torus of dimension "g" that is also a projective algebraic variety over the field of complex numbers. Since they are complex tori, abelian varieties carry the structure of a group. A morphism of abelian varieties is a morphism of the underlying algebraic varieties that preserves the identity element for the group structure. An isogeny is a finite-to-one morphism.

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: When a complex torus carries the structure of an algebraic variety, this structure is necessarily unique. In the case "g" = 1, the notion of abelian variety is the same as that of elliptic curve, and every complex torus gives rise to such a curve; for "g" > 1 it has been known since Riemann that the algebraic variety condition imposes extra constraints on a complex torus.

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: An abelian function is a meromorphic function on an abelian variety, which may be regarded therefore as a periodic function of "n" complex variables, having 2"n" independent periods; equivalently, it is a function in the function field of an abelian variety.

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: For example, in the nineteenth century there was much interest in hyperelliptic integrals that may be expressed in terms of elliptic integrals. This comes down to asking that "J" is a product of elliptic curves, up to an isogeny.

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: One important structure theorem of abelian varieties is Matsusaka's theorem. It states that over an algebraically closed field every abelian variety formula_1 is the quotient of the Jacobian of some curve; that is, there is some surjection of abelian varieties formula_2 where formula_3 is a Jacobian. This theorem remains true if the ground field is infinite.

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: When the base is the field of complex numbers, these notions coincide with the previous definition. Over all bases, elliptic curves are abelian varieties of dimension 1.

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: By the definitions, an abelian variety is a group variety. Its group of points can be proven to be commutative.

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: For C, and hence by the Lefschetz principle for every algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, the torsion group of an abelian variety of dimension "g" is isomorphic to (Q/Z)2"g". Hence, its "n"-torsion part is isomorphic to (Z/"n"Z)2"g", i.e. the product of 2"g" copies of the cyclic group of order "n".

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: The group of "k"-rational points for a global field "k" is finitely generated by the Mordell-Weil theorem. Hence, by the structure theorem for finitely generated abelian groups, it is isomorphic to a product of a free abelian group Z"r" and a finite commutative group for some non-negative integer "r" called the rank of the abelian variety. Similar results hold for some other classes of fields "k".

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: The product of an abelian variety "A" of dimension "m", and an abelian variety "B" of dimension "n", over the same field, is an abelian variety of dimension "m" + "n". An abelian variety is simple if it is not isogenous to a product of abelian varieties of lower dimension. Any abelian variety is isogenous to a product of simple abelian varieties.

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: To an abelian variety "A" over a field "k", one associates a dual abelian variety "A"v (over the same field), which is the solution to the following moduli problem. A family of degree 0 line bundles parametrised by a "k"-variety "T" is defined to be a line bundle "L" on

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: For an abelian scheme "A" / "S", the group of "n"-torsion points forms a finite flat group scheme. The union of the "p""n"-torsion points, for all "n", forms a p-divisible group. Deformations of abelian schemes are, according to the Serre–Tate theorem, governed by the deformation properties of the associated "p"-divisible groups.

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: Let formula_5 be such that formula_6 has no repeated complex roots. Then the discriminant formula_7 is nonzero. Let formula_8, so formula_9 is an open subscheme of formula_10. Then formula_11 is an abelian scheme over formula_9. It can be extended to a Néron model over formula_10, which is a smooth group scheme over formula_10, but the Néron model is not proper and hence is not an abelian scheme over formula_10.

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: V. A. Abrashkin and Jean-Marc Fontaine independently proved that there are no nonzero abelian varieties over Q with good reduction at all primes. Equivalently, there are no nonzero abelian schemes over Spec Z. The proof involves showing that the coordinates of "p""n"-torsion points generate number fields with very little ramification and hence of small discriminant, while, on the other hand, there are lower bounds on discriminants of number fields.

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Abelian variety

Context: A semiabelian variety is a commutative group variety which is an extension of an abelian variety by a torus.

Question: アーベル多様体を発見したのは誰


Ettore Panizza

Context: Ettore Panizza (born Héctor Panizza; 12 August 187527 November 1967) was an Argentinian conductor and composer, one of the leading conductors of the early 20th century. Panizza possessed technical mastery and was popular and influential during his time, widely admired by Richard Strauss and Giacomo Puccini, among others.

Question: エットレ・パニッツァは何歳から指揮者として活動していた？


Ettore Panizza

Context: He was closely associated with La Scala in Milan (where he conducted, along with Toscanini, titles like Wagner's Ring in 1926), the Royal Opera House in London, the Metropolitan Opera in New York City- where he succeeded Tullio Serafin as principal conductor of Italian repertoire, working for eight seasons with names like Rosa Ponselle and Enrico Caruso - and mainly at the Teatro Colón in Buenos Aires where his opera "Aurora" was premiered during the inaugural season.

Question: エットレ・パニッツァは何歳から指揮者として活動していた？


Ettore Panizza

Context: He conducted Puccini's "Turandot" with the ending by Franco Alfano after the world premiere at La Scala on 25 April 1926 conducted by Arturo Toscanini, who stopped at the point where Puccini had ceased writing before his death.

Question: エットレ・パニッツァは何歳から指揮者として活動していた？


Ettore Panizza

Context: He also made guest appearances in Paris, Madrid, Chicago, Vienna, Berlin and other European capitals.

Question: エットレ・パニッツァは何歳から指揮者として活動していた？


Ettore Panizza

Context: He heard British soprano Eva Turner in 1924 as Madama Butterfly and recommended her to Toscanini, launching her impressive international career (as also did the young conductor Antonino Votto).

Question: エットレ・パニッツァは何歳から指揮者として活動していた？


Ettore Panizza

Context: Among the many premieres he conducted were "Francesca da Rimini" and "Conchita" by Riccardo Zandonai, "Sly" by Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari, and "The Island God" by Gian Carlo Menotti. He also conducted many local premieres in London, New York, and Milan such as Mussorgsky's "Khovanshchina" and Respighi's "La campana sommersa".

Question: エットレ・パニッツァは何歳から指揮者として活動していた？


Jacques Roux

Context: In 1791 Roux was elected to the Paris Commune. When the French First Republic started in 1792, Roux became aligned with the political faction dubbed by their enemies as the Enragés () (French for "The Enraged Ones" but also a "madman"). He was considered the most extreme spokesman on the left for the interests of the Parisian "sans-culottes".

Question: アンラジェの最初の指導者は誰


Jacques Roux

Context: Roux consistently fought for an economically equal society, turning the crowds of sans-culottes against the bourgeois torpor of the Jacobins. He demanded that food be made available to every member of society, and called for the wealthy to be executed should they hoard it. Roux tirelessly voiced the demands of the poor Parisian population to confiscate aristocratic wealth and provide affordable bread.

Question: アンラジェの最初の指導者は誰


Jacques Roux

Context: He became popular enough that, as the split between the Girondins and the Montagnards grew wider, his voice helped remove the Girondins from the National Convention in 1793.

Question: アンラジェの最初の指導者は誰


Jacques Roux

Context: In a controversial 1793 address to the National Convention that's been dubbed the "Manifesto of the Enragés", Roux demanded the abolition of private property and class society in the name of the people he represented. In many ways Roux and the Enragés were prescient in anticipating many of the themes Karl Marx would develop in his analytical theory decades later.

Question: アンラジェの最初の指導者は誰


Jacques Roux

Context: On 14 January 1794 Roux was informed that his case was going to be tried by the Revolutionary Tribunal. Upon hearing this news, Roux pulled out a knife and stabbed himself several times, but failed to land a fatal blow. Less than a month later, on 10 February 1794, while recovering in prison, Roux stabbed himself again, this time succeeding in killing himself. He was 41.

Question: アンラジェの最初の指導者は誰


Jacques Roux

Context: As the Enragés movement began falling apart, Jacques Hébert's more moderate left-wing faction known as the Hébertists tried to win over his former supporters and continue where he had left off.

Question: アンラジェの最初の指導者は誰


Unit of measurement

Context: For example, a length is a physical quantity. The metre is a unit of length that represents a definite predetermined length. For instance, when referencing "10 metres" (or 10 m), what is actually meant is 10 times the definite predetermined length called "metre".

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: The definition, agreement, and practical use of units of measurement have played a crucial role in human endeavour from early ages up to the present. A multitude of systems of units used to be very common. Now there is a global standard, the International System of Units (SI), the modern form of the metric system.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: In trade, weights and measures is often a subject of governmental regulation, to ensure fairness and transparency. The International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) is tasked with ensuring worldwide uniformity of measurements and their traceability to the International System of Units (SI).

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: In physics and metrology, units are standards for measurement of physical quantities that need clear definitions to be useful. Reproducibility of experimental results is central to the scientific method. A standard system of units facilitates this. Scientific systems of units are a refinement of the concept of weights and measures historically developed for commercial purposes.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: Science, medicine, and engineering often use larger and smaller units of measurement than those used in everyday life. The judicious selection of the units of measurement can aid researchers in problem solving (see, for example, dimensional analysis).

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: In the social sciences, there are no standard units of measurement and the theory and practice of measurement is studied in psychometrics and the theory of conjoint measurement.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: A unit of measurement is a standardised quantity of a physical property, used as a factor to express occurring quantities of that property. Units of measurement were among the earliest tools invented by humans. Primitive societies needed rudimentary measures for many tasks: constructing dwellings of an appropriate size and shape, fashioning clothing, or bartering food or raw materials.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: The earliest known uniform systems of measurement seem to have all been created sometime in the 4th and 3rd millennia BC among the ancient peoples of Mesopotamia, Egypt and the Indus Valley, and perhaps also Elam in Persia as well.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: Weights and measures are mentioned in the Bible (Leviticus 19:35–36). It is a commandment to be honest and have fair measures.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: In the "Magna Carta" of 1215 (The Great Charter) with the seal of King John, put before him by the Barons of England, King John agreed in Clause 35 "There shall be one measure of wine throughout our whole realm, and one measure of ale and one measure of corn—namely, the London quart;—and one width of dyed and russet and hauberk cloths—namely, two ells below the selvage..."

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: The use of a single unit of measurement for some quantity has obvious drawbacks. For example, it is impractical to use the same unit for the distance between two cities and the length of a needle. Thus, historically they would develop independently. One way to make large numbers or small fractions easier to read, is to use unit prefixes.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: At some point in time though, the need to relate the two units might arise, and consequently the need to choose one unit as defining the other or vice versa. For example, an inch could be defined in terms of a barleycorn. A system of measurement is a collection of units of measurement and rules relating them to each other.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: As science progressed, a need arose to relate the measurement systems of different quantities, like length and weight and volume. The effort of attempting to relate different traditional systems between each other exposed many inconsistencies, and brought about the development of new units and systems.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: Systems of measurement in modern use include the metric system, the imperial system, and United States customary units.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: Historically many of the systems of measurement which had been in use were to some extent based on the dimensions of the human body. As a result, units of measure could vary not only from location to location but from person to person.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: Metric systems of units have evolved since the adoption of the original metric system in France in 1791. The current international standard metric system is the International System of Units (abbreviated to SI). An important feature of modern systems is standardization. Each unit has a universally recognized size.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: While the above systems of units are based on arbitrary unit values, formalised as standards, some unit values occur naturally in science. Systems of units based on these are called natural units. Similar to natural units, atomic units (au) are a convenient system of units of measurement used in atomic physics.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: Also a great number of unusual and non-standard units may be encountered. These may include the solar mass (), the megaton (the energy released by detonating one million tons of trinitrotoluene, TNT) and the electronvolt.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: To reduce the incidence of retail fraud, many national statutes have standard definitions of weights and measures that may be used (hence "statute measure"), and these are verified by legal officers.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: In informal settings, a quantity may be described as multiples of that of a familiar entity, which can be easier to contextualize than a value in a formal unit system. For instance, a publication may describe an area in a foreign country as a number of multiples of the area of a region local to the readership. The propensity for certain concepts to be used frequently can give rise to loosely defined "systems" of units.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: For most quantities a unit is necessary to communicate values of that physical quantity. For example, conveying to someone a particular length without using some sort of unit is impossible, because a length cannot be described without a reference used to make sense of the value given.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: Different systems of units are based on different choices of a set of related units including fundamental and derived units.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: Any value of a physical quantity is expressed as a comparison to a unit of that quantity. For example, the value of a physical quantity "Z" is expressed as the product of a unit [Z] and a numerical factor:

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: The multiplication sign is usually left out, just as it is left out between variables in the scientific notation of formulas. The convention used to express quantities is referred to as quantity calculus. In formulas the unit [Z] can be treated as if it were a specific magnitude of a kind of physical dimension: see dimensional analysis for more on this treatment.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: Units can only be added or subtracted if they are the same type; however units can always be multiplied or divided, as George Gamow used to explain. Let formula_4 be "2 candlesticks" and formula_5 "3 cabdrivers", then

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: A distinction should be made between units and standards. A unit is fixed by its definition and is independent of physical conditions such as temperature. By contrast, a standard is a physical realization of a unit and realizes that unit only under certain physical conditions. For example, a metre is a unit, while a metal bar is a standard. One metre is the same length regardless of temperature, but a metal bar will be exactly one metre long only at a certain temperature.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: Conversion of units involves comparison of different standard physical values, either of a single physical quantity or of a physical quantity and a combination of other physical quantities.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: replace the original unit formula_9 with its meaning in terms of the desired unit formula_10, e.g. if formula_11, then:

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: For example, you have an expression for a physical value "Z" involving the unit "feet per second" (formula_9) and you want it in terms of the unit "miles per hour" (formula_10):

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: Or as an example using the metric system, you have a value of fuel economy in the unit "litres per 100 kilometres" and you want it in terms of the unit "microlitres per metre":

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: One example of the importance of agreed units is the failure of the NASA Mars Climate Orbiter, which was accidentally destroyed on a mission to Mars in September 1999 instead of entering orbit due to miscommunications about the value of forces: different computer programs used different units of measurement (newton versus pound force). Considerable amounts of effort, time, and money were wasted.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: On 15 April 1999, Korean Air cargo flight 6316 from Shanghai to Seoul was lost due to the crew confusing tower instructions (in metres) and altimeter readings (in feet). Three crew and five people on the ground were killed. Thirty-seven were injured.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: In 1983, a Boeing 767 (which thanks to its pilot's gliding skills landed safely and became known as the Gimli Glider) ran out of fuel in mid-flight because of two mistakes in figuring the fuel supply of Air Canada's first aircraft to use metric measurements. This accident was the result of both confusion due to the simultaneous use of metric and Imperial measures and confusion of mass and volume measures.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


Unit of measurement

Context: When planning his journey across the Atlantic Ocean in the 1480s, Columbus mistakenly assumed that the mile referred to in the Arabic estimate of 56⅔ miles for the size of a degree was the same as the actually much shorter Italian mile of 1,480 metres. His estimate for the size of the degree and for the circumference of the Earth was therefore about 25% too small.

Question: 単位とはなんですか？


University of Houston

Context: The university offers more than 358 degree programs through its 16 academic colleges and schools on campus—including programs leading to professional degrees in architecture, law, optometry, medicine, and pharmacy. The institution conducts $201 million annually in research, and operates more than 35 research centers and institutes on campus.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: In 1953, the university established KUHT—the first educational television station in the nation—after the four-year-long Federal Communications Commission's television licensing freeze ended. During this period, however, the university as a private institution was facing financial troubles. Tuition failed to cover rising costs, and in turn, tuition increases caused a drop in enrollment.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: On October 15, 2007, Renu Khator was selected for the position of UH System chancellor and UH president. On November 5, 2007, Khator was confirmed as the third person to hold the dual title of UH System chancellor and UH president concurrently, and took office in January 2008.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: In 2018, the Fertitta Center was opened after a $20 million donation from hospitality and casino investor Tilman Fertitta.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: The university's Energy Research Park is a research park specializing in energy research, consisting of and of undeveloped land. Much of the physical property was originally developed in 1953 by the oilfield services company Schlumberger as its global headquarters. It was acquired by the university in 2009.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: The Campus Recreation and Wellness Center, which is home to the nation's largest collegiate natatorium, was recognized by the National Intramural-Sports Association as an outstanding facility upon its completion in 2004.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: The Science and Engineering Research and Classroom Complex (SERCC) was designed by architect César Pelli. It houses facilities for many interdisciplinary research programs at UH, including bionanotechnology.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: The university has an on-campus Hilton hotel that is part of the Conrad N. Hilton College of Hotel and Restaurant Management. This hotel was established with a donation by the founder of Hilton Hotels, Conrad N. Hilton, and is staffed by students in the College of Hotel and Restaurant Management.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: The College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences has the Creative Writing Program, which was founded by alumnus Donald Barthelme and offers degrees in poetry, fiction, and non-fiction. The Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture is one of only 36 schools to have an accreditation from the National Architectural Accrediting Board.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: In October 2018, the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board approved the creation of the College of Medicine. A site has been selected for the College's new building, and the inaugural class entered in 2020.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: The Wolff Center for Entrepreneurship at the C.T. Bauer College of Business undergraduate program for Entrepreneurship consistently ranks in the top 10 in the nation. The program has been ranked by The Princeton Review and "Entrepreneur" magazine as No. 1 for 2008, 2010, and 2011; and No. 2 in 2007, 2009, and 2017.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: Located in the Fine Arts Building, Blaffer Art Museum is a contemporary art museum dedicated to emerging, mid-career, and underrepresented artists and bodies of work through exhibitions, publications, and public programs. Its educational programs include public lectures, artists' talks, docent tours, audio guides, and youth programs such as Studio Saturday, Summer Arts, and the Young Artist Apprenticeship Program.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: The Rebecca and John J. Moores School of Music presents concerts in various campus venues: Dudley Recital Hall and the Organ Recital Hall in the Fine Arts Building, and in the Moores Opera House and Choral Recital Hall in the music building. Musical events range from opera to jazz with performers including students, faculty, and guest artists.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: The School of Theatre and Dance offers a subscription series of five plays each year. Works by classical and modern dramatists, as well as new musical collaborators, are seen in full productions or "gypsy runthroughs."

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: The School of Art exhibits young artists several times a year, including the Master of Fine Arts exhibition held traditionally near the end of the spring semester in the Blaffer Art Museum. The School of Art also hosts presentations by numerous visiting artists and art historians throughout the academic year.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: Fifteen percent of UH students live on campus. UH has several on campus dormitories: Moody Towers, The Quadrangle, Cougar Village I & II, Cougar Place, Calhoun Lofts, Bayou Oaks, Cullen Oaks, and Cambridge Oaks.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: Moody Towers, frequently just called "Moody," is one of the tallest complexes on campus and the largest area of residence halls. Each of the two towers consists of eighteen stories and together house 1,100 students. The Towers feature a newly renovated dining hall. The rooms in Moody were renovated during the summer of 2011.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: In August 2009, Calhoun Lofts—a new university-owned and operated residential facility aimed at graduate and professional students—opened and includes retail stores, lecture halls, and recreation facilities.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: Cougar Village I & II are new freshman/Honors College dorm which opened in August 2010 and August 2013, respectively. The dormitory features themed floors with kitchens and lounges, a tutoring center, computer labs, multi-purpose rooms, study areas, a convenience store, a laundry facility, and a fitness center. Cougar Village I & II are exclusive only to freshman and Honors College students.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: In addition to traditional dormitories, Cougar Place was an apartment-style housing complex consisting of 400 units. Cougar Place has since been demolished and has been replaced with a new on-campus housing complex for sophomores. The university has privately owned apartment complexes on campus: Cullen Oaks, Bayou Oaks, and Cambridge Oaks.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: In June 2017, a divided panel of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit found that the university did not violate the Constitution's Due Process Clause or Title IX when it expelled both a student for committing a campus sexual assault in a dorm room then abandoning the nude victim in a dorm elevator, as well as his girlfriend, who had recorded the assault and shared the video on social media.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: The Frontiersmen - initially exclusive to members of the Sigma Chi fraternity, but later opened membership to the entire student body - is a group of students who participate in university events to drive school spirit. At football games, the Frontiersmen—donning cowboy hats, Wrangler Jeans, and dusters for attire—run across the field with the university's flag and the Flag of Texas after each score.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: The BLAZE is an oil field warning siren that was chosen to represent the university's ties to the petroleum industry. The purchase of the siren was completed in 1991. The Sigma Chi Fraternity has been in charge of the siren and gave it the name "The BLAZE" in honor of its fallen brother, David Blazek.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: Cougar First Impressions—a program headed by the UH Staff Council—takes place every year on the first two days of classes, when faculty and staff turn out to welcome new and returning students.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: The Cougars didn't play the Longhorns again until 1968. With UH fans holding up the new sign of Cougar pride, UH played UT to a 20–20 tie. They didn't meet again until 1976, the first year UH was a member of the Southwest Conference. In front of a record crowd at Texas' Memorial Stadium, UH defeated UT 30–0, a rout that signaled the beginning of the end for legendary Texas coach Darrell Royal. This solidified the use of the Cougar Paw as a tradition.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: After 61 years of athletics at UH, other notable achievements include 16 national titles in men's golf, 1 national title in Cross-Country, six NCAA Men's Basketball Final Four appearances, and two College World Series appearances.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: More than 50 Olympic athletes have attended UH, bringing home 33 medals, including 19 gold. Former Olympian and UH alumnus Leroy Burrell returned as the men's track and field head coach in 1998. In April 2014, Kelvin Sampson was named the eighth men's basketball head coach. Ronald Hughey is the current women's basketball coach. On January 1, 2019, Dana Holgorsen was named head coach of the Cougar football team.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: UH has many recreational sport clubs which includes Rugby, NCWA Wrestling, Soccer, Tennis, Water Polo, Kendo, Gymnastics and more clubs.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: The men's basketball team has made 23 NCAA Tournament appearances, with six trips to the Final Four. See also Phi Slama Jama, the Cougars teams of the early 1980s that featured NBA legends Clyde Drexler and Hakeem Olajuwon.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: Jack Valenti, long-time president of the Motion Picture Association of America, creator of the MPAA film rating system, and a special assistant in the Lyndon B. Johnson administration, received his B.B.A. from UH. Artist and filmmaker Julian Schnabel is also an alumnus.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: Dwayne Michael Carter Jr., aka Lil Wayne, is a hip-hop artist from New Orleans. He enrolled in 2005, but dropped out shortly after.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: Alice Sebold, a novelist known for "Lucky" and "The Lovely Bones", and Matt Mullenweg, creator of WordPress (the most popular, open-source blogging platform), also attended the university.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: Other alumni include Jim Parsons, star of the television series "The Big Bang Theory", Brent Spiner of "", actors Robert Wuhl, Loretta Devine, Dennis Quaid, Randy Quaid, Brett Cullen, comedian Bill Hicks and former attorney and talk show host Star Jones, "Project Runway" contestants Chloe Dao and Laura Bennett, sportscasters Jim Nantz and Robert Flores, YouTuber Liza Koshy, singer and rapper Lizzo, and country music stars Larry Gatlin and Kenny Rogers .

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: Crystle Stewart, Miss USA 2008 is a former student at the university, last attending in 2007. Jason Alkire, an artist and fashion designer, is a graduate as well.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


University of Houston

Context: Notable Texas politicians who are graduates of the UH Political Science program include Alfred H. Bennett, U.S. District Judge of the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Texas; Carol Alvarado, Texas State Senator for District 6; James White (Texas politician), State Representative Texas House District 19, Dylan Osborne, Harris County Treasurer; and Odus Evbagharu, Harris County Democratic Party Chair.

Question: ヒューストン大学のメインキャンパスはどこにある？


Kikujiro

Context: Kikujiro () is a 1999 Japanese road drama film starring, written, and directed by Takeshi Kitano. Its score was composed by Joe Hisaishi. The film was entered into the 1999 Cannes Film Festival.

Question: キタノオーの父親は誰


Kikujiro

Context: Masao, who lives alone with his grandmother in an old Shitamachi area of Tokyo, receives a package, and in looking for a seal finds a photo of his long lost mother. He finds her address in Toyohashi, several hundred miles to the west. Leaving home to see his mother, he meets his grandmother's neighbors, Kikujiro and his wife. Kikujiro's wife forces Kikujiro to accompany Masao on a journey to see his mother, telling Masao's grandmother that they are going to the beach.

Question: キタノオーの父親は誰


Kikujiro

Context: At the start of their journey, Kikujiro is not serious about reaching Toyohashi. He gets absorbed in track cycling races and gambles away their winnings. Later, left outside a yakitori restaurant, Masao encounters a molester. After a narrow escape, Kikujiro promises to keep to the journey and take Masao to his mother.

Question: キタノオーの父親は誰


Kikujiro

Context: Masao is so disappointed that Kikujiro cannot help but try to brighten up their return trip to Tokyo. He tells him an angel will come at the sound of the bell.

Question: キタノオーの父親は誰


Kikujiro

Context: They visit a summer matsuri held in a local Shinto shrine. While Kikujiro gets into trouble with some yakuza over a fixed shooting game, Masao dreams of dancing "tengu".

Question: キタノオーの父親は誰


Kikujiro

Context: Back on the road, they meet the poet and the two bikers again. They decide to camp a few days together. Masao enjoys playing some traditional games with them.

Question: キタノオーの父親は誰


Kikujiro

Context: Kikujiro is reminded of his own mother (it is implied that she, like Masao's mother, also left him as a child). Kikujiro gets one of the bikers to take him from their camp to his mother's nursing home in Daito-cho, a small country town, but he eventually decides not to see her and returns to the camp.

Question: キタノオーの父親は誰


Kikujiro

Context: The men continue to do their best to entertain Masao by larking about for a few more days. Before they are to return to Tokyo, Masao dreams about them appearing over the Milky Way. In the morning, the bikers say goodbye to them and leave the camp. Masao and Kikujiro get a lift in the poet's car to Tokyo. After dropping them off at a bridge, the poet continues on his way to Osaka and Kyūshū.

Question: キタノオーの父親は誰


Kikujiro

Context: Before Masao and Kikujiro part, Kikujiro says, "Let's do it again sometime," and Masao thanks him. Kikujiro tells Masao to take care of his grandmother. Masao asks Kikujiro's name and Kikujiro answers, "Kikujiro! Now scram!" Masao passes a small bridge with the angel bell ringing.

Question: キタノオーの父親は誰


Kikujiro

Context: The film explores alienation and inclusion in Japanese society. The main characters, and those who help them along the way, are all considered outcasts from accepted social norms, not being part of a traditional family or group structure. Characters who maintain a more accepted lifestyle are frequently at odds with the protagonists.

Question: キタノオーの父親は誰


Kikujiro

Context: Early in the film, the protagonists react to their alienation with anger (Kikujiro) and sadness (Masao). Along their journey, they start to discover how alike they are and the events in Toyohashi act as a turning point from which the characters begin to find comfort in their shared isolation.

Question: キタノオーの父親は誰


Kikujiro

Context: The album includes "Summer", one of the most famous compositions by Hisaishi; it was also re-arranged and used for Toyota Corolla commercials, for instance. These recordings can be found in his album "Curved Music II".

Question: キタノオーの父親は誰


Kikujiro

Context: The film received mixed reviews. It has a 61% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 51 reviews, with an average rating of 5.91/10 and 44% approval rating, based on 25 reviews, on Metacritic.

Question: キタノオーの父親は誰


Kikujiro

Context: Film director Makoto Shinozaki made a documentary of the making of "Kikujiro" entitled "Jam Session" (Jamu sesshon Kikujirō no natsu kōshiki kaizokuban). It was produced and distributed by Office Kitano and was screened at the Rotterdam Film Festival and other festivals.

Question: キタノオーの父親は誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: The most commonly used nuclei are and , although isotopes of many other elements can be studied by high-field NMR spectroscopy as well. In order to interact with the magnetic field in the spectrometer, the nucleus must have an intrinsic nuclear magnetic moment and angular momentum. This occurs when an isotope has a nonzero nuclear spin, meaning an odd number of protons and/or neutrons (see Isotope). Nuclides with even numbers of both have a total spin of zero and are therefore NMR-inactive.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: NMR phenomena are also utilized in low-field NMR, NMR spectroscopy and MRI in the Earth's magnetic field (referred to as Earth's field NMR), and in several types of magnetometers.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: Yevgeny Zavoisky likely observed nuclear magnetic resonance in 1941, well before Felix Bloch and Edward Mills Purcell, but dismissed the results as not reproducible.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: Russell H. Varian filed the "Method and means for correlating nuclear properties of atoms and magnetic fields", on July 24, 1951. Varian Associates developed the first NMR unit called NMR HR-30 in 1952.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: Purcell had worked on the development of radar during World War II at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Radiation Laboratory. His work during that project on the production and detection of radio frequency power and on the absorption of such RF power by matter laid the foundation for his discovery of NMR in bulk matter.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: The development of NMR as a technique in analytical chemistry and biochemistry parallels the development of electromagnetic technology and advanced electronics and their introduction into civilian use.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: The "z"-component of the angular momentum vector (formula_1) is therefore , where "ħ" is the reduced Planck constant. The "z"-component of the magnetic moment is simply: formula_5

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: Consider nuclei with a spin of one-half, like , or . Each nucleus has two linearly independent spin states, with "m" = or "m" = − (also referred to as spin-up and spin-down, or sometimes α and β spin states, respectively) for the z-component of spin. In the absence of a magnetic field, these states are degenerate; that is, they have the same energy. Hence the number of nuclei in these two states will be essentially equal at thermal equilibrium.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: If a nucleus is placed in a magnetic field, however, the two states no longer have the same energy as a result of the interaction between the nuclear magnetic dipole moment and the external magnetic field. The energy of a magnetic dipole moment formula_2 in a magnetic field B0 is given by: formula_7

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: As a result, the different nuclear spin states have different energies in a non-zero magnetic field. In less formal language, we can talk about the two spin states of a spin as being "aligned" either with or against the magnetic field. If "γ" is positive (true for most isotopes used in NMR) then is the lower energy state.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: and this results in a small population bias favoring the lower energy state in thermal equilibrium. With more spins pointing up than down, a net spin magnetization along the magnetic field B0 results.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: The process of population relaxation refers to nuclear spins that return to thermodynamic equilibrium in the magnet. This process is also called "T"1, "spin-lattice" or "longitudinal magnetic" relaxation, where "T"1 refers to the mean time for an individual nucleus to return to its thermal equilibrium state of the spins. After the nuclear spin population has relaxed, it can be probed again, since it is in the initial, equilibrium (mixed) state.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: A Hahn echo decay experiment can be used to measure the dephasing time, as shown in the animation below. The size of the echo is recorded for different spacings of the two pulses. This reveals the decoherence that is not refocused by the 180° pulse. In simple cases, an exponential decay is measured which is described by the "T"2 time.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: Structure and molecular dynamics can be studied (with or without "magic angle" spinning (MAS)) by NMR of quadrupolar nuclei (that is, with spin ) even in the presence of magnetic "dipole-dipole" interaction broadening (or simply, dipolar broadening), which is always much smaller than the quadrupolar interaction strength because it is a magnetic vs. an electric interaction effect.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: Additional structural and chemical information may be obtained by performing double-quantum NMR experiments for pairs of spins or quadrupolar nuclei such as . Furthermore, nuclear magnetic resonance is one of the techniques that has been used to design quantum automata, and also build elementary quantum computers.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: Richard R. Ernst was one of the pioneers of pulsed NMR and won a Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1991 for his work on Fourier Transform NMR and his development of multi-dimensional NMR spectroscopy.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: In 2002 Kurt Wüthrich shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (with John Bennett Fenn and Koichi Tanaka) for his work with protein FT NMR in solution.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: Because the intensity of nuclear magnetic resonance signals and, hence, the sensitivity of the technique depends on the strength of the magnetic field the technique has also advanced over the decades with the development of more powerful magnets. Advances made in audio-visual technology have also improved the signal-generation and processing capabilities of newer instruments.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: Other nuclei (usually used in the studies of their complexes and chemical bonding, or to detect presence of the element):

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: NMR is extensively used in medicine in the form of magnetic resonance imaging. NMR is used in organic chemistry and industrially mainly for analysis of chemicals. The technique is also used to measure the ratio between water and fat in foods, monitor the flow of corrosive fluids in pipes, or to study molecular structures such as catalysts.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: As one of the two major spectroscopic techniques used in metabolomics, NMR is used to generate metabolic fingerprints from biological fluids to obtain information about disease states or toxic insults.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: A chemist can determine the identity of a compound by comparing the observed nuclear precession frequencies to known frequencies. Further structural data can be elucidated by observing "spin-spin coupling", a process by which the precession frequency of a nucleus can be influenced by the spin orientation of a chemically bonded nucleus. Spin-spin coupling is easily observed in NMR of hydrogen-1 ( NMR) since its natural abundance is nearly 100%.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: Because the nuclear magnetic resonance "timescale" is rather slow, compared to other spectroscopic methods, changing the temperature of a "T"2* experiment can also give information about fast reactions, such as the Cope rearrangement or about structural dynamics, such as ring-flipping in cyclohexane. At low enough temperatures, a distinction can be made between the axial and equatorial hydrogens in cyclohexane.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: Recently, real-time applications of NMR in liquid media have been developed using specifically designed flow probes (flow cell assemblies) which can replace standard tube probes. This has enabled techniques that can incorporate the use of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or other continuous flow sample introduction devices. These flow probes have used in various online process monitoring such as chemical reactions, environmental pollutant degradation.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: An important feature of EFNMR spectrometry compared with high-field NMR is that some aspects of molecular structure can be observed more clearly at low fields and low frequencies, whereas other aspects observable at high fields are not observable at low fields. This is because:

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: NMR quantum computing uses the spin states of nuclei within molecules as qubits. NMR differs from other implementations of quantum computers in that it uses an ensemble of systems; in this case, molecules.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: Various magnetometers use NMR effects to measure magnetic fields, including proton precession magnetometers (PPM) (also known as proton magnetometers), and Overhauser magnetometers.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: Surface magnetic resonance (or magnetic resonance sounding) is based on the principle of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and measurements can be used to indirectly estimate the water content of saturated and unsaturated zones in the earth's subsurface. SNMR is used to estimate aquifer properties, including quantity of water contained in the aquifer, porosity, and hydraulic conductivity.

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Nuclear magnetic resonance

Context: Major NMR instrument makers include Thermo Fisher Scientific, Magritek, Oxford Instruments, Bruker, Spinlock SRL, General Electric, JEOL, Kimble Chase, Philips, Siemens AG, and formerly Agilent Technologies, Inc. (who acquired Varian, Inc.).

Question: 二次元NMRを開発したのは誰


Grey import vehicle

Context: Grey import vehicles are new or used motor vehicles and motorcycles legally imported from another country through channels other than the maker's official distribution system. The synonymous term parallel import is sometimes substituted.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Car makers frequently arbitrage markets, setting the price according to local market conditions so the same vehicle will have different real prices in different territories. Grey import vehicles circumvent this profit-maximization strategy. Car makers and local distributors sometimes regard grey imports as a threat to their network of franchised dealerships, but independent distributors do not since more cars of an odd brand bring in money from service and spare parts.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: In order for the arbitrage to work, there must be some means to reduce, eliminate, or reverse whatever savings could be achieved by purchasing the car in the lower-priced territory. Examples of such barriers include regulations preventing import or requiring costly vehicle modifications. In some countries, such as Vietnam, the import of grey-market vehicles has largely been banned.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Similarly, there are exports of left hand drive (LHD) used cars from Germany to countries in Eastern Europe, some EU countries (less likely Spain, Portugal and Greece) and West Africa (especially Ghana and Nigeria, not Senegal and its surrounding countries). Some cars in the United States are sold only as export by insurance companies due to them having been stolen and recovered, or damaged in other ways.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Because the United States and Canada uniquely have not signed onto United Nations Economic Commission for Europe standards for automobile design (see World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations), they use an anomalous set of motor vehicle safety and emission regulations.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: For the U.S., these are developed and administered by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). They differ significantly in detail from the international UN Regulations used throughout the rest of the world.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: From 1976 to 1988, individual Americans were actually able to obtain cars conforming to World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations standards and "convert" them to vehicles compliant with U.S. regulations - this was known as the "grey market," in that it was a legal activity parallel to officially sanctioned manufacturer efforts.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Vehicle manufacturers face considerable expense to type-certify a vehicle for U.S. sale this amount is not widely publicized, but Automotive News cites a 2013 model vehicle where this modification cost US$42 million. This cost particularly affects low-volume manufacturers and models, most notably the makers of high end sports cars. However, larger companies such as Alfa Romeo and Peugeot have also cited costs of "federalizing" their vehicle lineups as a disincentive to re-enter the U.S. market.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Beginning in 1968, U.S. regulations surrounding vehicle importing became harsher, and many vehicles, like the Mini, were immediately excluded from the market.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: NHTSA and EPA regulations post 1968 criminalize the possession of a vehicle not meeting U.S. standards. Exceptions exist for foreign nationals touring the U.S. in their own vehicle and for cars imported for Show and Display purposes.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: The vast majority of these imports were by individuals importing just one car. Many otherwise unavailable vehicles entered the US via the grey market, like the Citroën CX, Range Rover Classic, and Renault 5 Turbo.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: As a result of being practically banned, the grey market declined from 66,900 vehicles in 1985 to 300 vehicles in 1995. It is no longer possible to import a non-U.S. vehicle into the United States as a personal import, with four exceptions, none of which permits Americans to buy recent vehicles not officially available in the United States.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Some Americans are interested in Japanese domestic market vehicles, like the Nissan Skyline. In 1999, a California company called Motorex had a number of Nissan Skyline R33 GTS25s crash-tested. They submitted their information to NHTSA and petitioned for 1990–1999 GT-Rs and GTSs to be declared eligible for import.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Penetrating the market via the grey market first, is a valid market entry strategy. The Lamborghini Countach was initially only available as a grey market vehicle (from 1976 to 1985), as were the Range Rover and Mercedes-Benz G-Class. These automakers later made US models to meet the demand.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: This avenue of vehicle availability was increasingly successful, especially in cases where the US model of a vehicle was less powerful and/or less well equipped than versions available in other markets. For example, Mercedes-Benz chose to offer only the sluggish 380SEL model in 1981 to Americans, some of whom wanted the much faster 500SEL available in the rest of the world. BMW had the same issue with their 745i Turbo.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: As with the earlier "G-Wagen" and "560SEL", Mercedes-Benz was also able to use the grey market to read market signals with the Smart Fortwo, which was imported in this manner in 2004–2006, prior to its official U.S. release in 2007.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: In the 1980s, New Zealand eased import restrictions, and reduced import tariffs on cars. Consequently, large volumes of used cars from Japan appeared on the local market, at a time when most cars in New Zealand were locally assembled, and expensive compared to other countries, with most used cars available being comparatively old.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Local buyers now had a much wider choice of models, but despite specifications being higher than so-called "NZ New" cars, there were many problems with "clocking" or odometer fraud, with the odometer wound back to display a much lower mileage. Other problems include vehicles damaged in accidents in Japan. This is in contrast to those imported from Australia, for which the history of such vehicles, including write-offs, is readily available from insurance companies.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: However, the widespread availability of used Japanese imports prompted official importers to reduce the price of brand new cars, and in 1998, New Zealand became one of the few countries in the world to remove all import tariffs on motor vehicles.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Used vehicles must, with some exceptions, be right-hand drive, and they must comply with recognised European, Australian, Japanese, or American emission and safety standards, or they are ineligible for import to New Zealand.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: In some cases a left-hand drive vehicle can be imported into New Zealand if it meets certain conditions or is a specialized vehicle. Left-hand drive vehicles 20 years or older normally do not have to meet any special requirements but must weigh no more than 3500 kg.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: No modifications are required for Japanese imported cars to be registered and driven on the roads in Ireland. One disadvantage is that Japan uses a different FM radio band than everywhere else, so a band expander or a replacement stereo system is required to receive the full FM band used locally. Like all other cars used on public roads in Ireland, Japanese imports have to pass the National Car Test.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Warranties on new cars bought in an EU member state are valid throughout the EU, meaning that a UK resident who has bought a new car in another member state and then imports it into the UK will be covered by the same warranty. However, whereas UK warranties tend to be for three years, those in other EU countries may be only for one or two.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: In Australia, the commercial import of used motor vehicles is significantly regulated and restricted by the Department of Infrastructure.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: The allowed imports are limited to what are called special and enthusiast vehicles (SEVS), or most cars manufactured before 1 January 1989 (With the introduction of the Third Edition Australian Design Rules).

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Limitations of vehicles manufactured after 1 January 1989 was to ensure compliance with the regulations governing safety of vehicles on Australian Roads that came into force on this date.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Until the present regulations entered force at the start of 2004, cars over 15 years old could be imported, and would need to gain a Vehicle Inspection in Australia (needed for registration transfer in many states anyway) and often safety modifications to ensure that they met with regulations that would have been in force at the time of their manufacture.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: To bring a special or enthusiast vehicle into Australia, the importer must either apply to have the car added to the SEVS register, or import a car already listed on the register.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Vehicles can also be imported to Australia under what is known as a "Type Approval", this is generally used by remanufacturing companies who wish to import a vehicle that is commercially sold overseas, and remanufactured for use in Australia. Examples of vehicles such as this are the Chevrolet Camaro, the RAM Family of Trucks, and the Ford F-Series.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Grey imports can pose considerable challenges, due to Australia using Left Hand Traffic, as opposed to the more common Right-Hand Traffic.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: This means that vehicles produced for compliance in a country that uses Right Hand Traffic would need a number of modifications to be compliant with the Australian Design Rules, these modifications must be compliant with the Vehicle Standards Bulletin 14, primarily the components that relate to Suspension and Steering, and Lighting

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Vehicles imported into Australia must be complied by a Registered Automotive Workshop for use on the roads in Australia. This is different to a regular workshop as detailed in the Vehicle Inspection in Australia article, where a regular automotive workshop can be authorised to conduct vehicle safety inspections in most states.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Australia's external territories include Christmas Island, the Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Island.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: You do not need to obtain an approval under the RVS legislation to import a road vehicle into an external Australian territory.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: However, you do need to obtain an approval to import a road vehicle into Australia from an Australian external territory.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: In Russia, grey imports, both new and used, comprised, at certain points, up to 80% of all automobile fleets, because of domestic production being unable to meet the market demands, both in numbers and in quality, especially in the early to mid-1990s.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: South Korean used vehicle imports become highly prominent in Vladivostok, as the solution to save Russian market from sanctions they have caused by the suspension of Japanese used vehicle imports from 2014 onwards.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Hong Kong does not have import tax for cars, however, the first registration tax is high. And the first registration tax rate is progressive, which means a higher price car will fall into a higher tax bracket. Since the used car values are mostly lower than new cars of the same model, used car can enjoy a lower tax rate due to depreciated car value.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Commercial vehicles, special purpose vehicles are not under EO 418 and thus are currently being imported into Subic and Poro Point, San Fernando. Subic sees roughly 1 cargo ship per week, and has many licensed locators. A second port, Poro Point is, as of February 2014, once per month and is solely facilitated by Forerunner Multi-Resources as the licensed locator, and SASTRAD KK in Japan as the sole shipper.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: There is a grey-area trade of used mini trucks from Japan flourishing in Cebu. Mini trucks are chopped in Japan, imported as "parts" and are re-assembled by welding chassis parts together. Cheap to buy, they are a staple of small businesses transporting goods.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Some grey market importers have tried to import domestically-made export-only cars, such as the Subaru BRAT and Infiniti FX, back into Japan's grey market. In Japan, the term used to refer to this scene is called , and this mainly applies to Japanese-branded vehicles. Also, due to NOx laws and some other differing regulations, pickup trucks like the Toyota Hilux are no longer officially distributed in the JDM, so importers continue to import foreign-built trucks into Japan.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: In Sweden, the main source of grey market vehicles is via Germany, which has more liberal laws and better tax deals on new imported cars. Many used cars also come from Germany, which has a bigger domestic market and rigorous roadworthiness tests. There are no age restrictions on imported vehicles, as such.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: In Thailand, most grey imports are expensive, rare, and/or sports cars. Most are right-hand drive cars from the United Kingdom, Japan, or Hong Kong, though some are brought in from the US (as left-hand drive cars).

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Mercedes-Benz Thailand, an authorised distributor, does exist, but many Mercedes-Benz cars are imported and sold by grey importers. As of 2011, Mercedes-Benz Thailand has a new policy of not providing warranty work to grey-market imports.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: In Trinidad and Tobago, nearly all used imports come from Japan, with some vehicles coming from Thailand and Singapore. Before February 2016, cars under 6 years old could be legally imported. Since February 2016, no car can be imported and registered if over 4 years old. An import licence is required and most imports are through dealerships. No new importer dealerships are permitted.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Grey imports from France are generally being most common in Senegal. There are also grey imports from Spain, especially vehicles formerly being owned by their taxi companies, though some are brought in from Italy or even Belgium.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Grey import in Slovakia exists in some ways. As part of the EU, importing vehicles from member states is not restricted at all, although imported vehicle has to be inspected for origin (VIN number manipulation, possible stolen vehicle legalization)

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Grey imports in Pakistan do exist; however, it is limited by passenger cars no older than 3 years old and 4x4 jeeps or off-road passenger vehicles no older than 5 years old at the time of arrival in the Port of Entry. There could be a significant saving on luxury cars in Pakistan, as the official dealer channels may be excessive in price, and also the used car markets may also be excessive in price.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: The Federal Board of Revenue for Pakistan gives the importer three scenarios which a passenger vehicle could be imported into the country. These scenarios are as follows:

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: The Pakistan Customs Duty rates of imports, providing that the vehicles (excluding jeeps) meet the age requirements for Pakistan, are shown below:

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: In 2018, after years of appealing with the Pakistan Government, the Classic Car Club of Pakistan was delighted to announce that the Pakistan Government has finally allowed the importation of classic vehicles. The Express Tribune of Pakistan reported on the subject by stating;

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: "...Earlier in the budget announcement for fiscal year 2018–19 at the end of April, the government had said that it would impose a flat duty of $5,000 on the import of vintage or classic cars and jeeps. A formal notification was issued by the FBR on July 3..."

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: “...The federal government is pleased to exempt vintage or classic cars and jeeps meant for transport of persons on the import thereof from customs duty, regulatory duty, additional customs duty, federal excise duty, sales tax and withholding tax as are in excess of the cumulative amount of US dollars five thousand per unit,” said the FBR notification.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: The duties have been exempted in exercise of the powers of the Customs Act 1969, Federal Excise Act 2005 and Sales Tax Act. However, it clarified that vintage or classic cars and jeeps mean old and used automotive vehicles, falling under PCT Code 87.03 of the First Schedule to the Customs Act 1969 (IV of 1969), manufactured prior to January 1, 1968. APP..."

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Grey imports do exist in Greece. However, they are rare, expensive, and are really limited by small and medium vehicles must be new and not more than 15 days old, buses, vans, and heavy vehicles cannot be more than 25 days old, and vehicles have to be left hand drive before arrival in Greece. Vehicles from LHT countries must be at least 3 years old, have to be converted to left hand drive, and must be inspected before arrival.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Used cars in Cambodia are mainly imported from Taiwan, United States and the GCC countries (mostly UAE). Used vehicles from Germany and also the Netherlands are rarely imported there due to the lack of port cities and also due to troubled and highly problematic cost of delivery.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: As of 2019, the Land Transport Authority mandates that vehicles imported into Singaporean soil must be brand new or manufactured at most three years ago.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Used cars in Armenia are mainly imported from Japan, Singapore and the United States. There are also used cars from European countries, but they are mostly over 15 years old.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: In Kyrgyzstan, Grey imports of used cars from Japan and the United States are generally most common there. Used cars from European countries are predominantly more than 15 years old, and mostly limited to German car brands.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Grey imports from Japan and Singapore are generally being most common there in Suriname. LHD vehicles are also allowed on the road, but importation of LHD vehicles (especially from the US) is prohibited. Used vehicles from the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland, Australia and New Zealand are rarely imported there.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: Most of the privately owned buses are imported from Japan, since they are already RHD. Most state-owned buses, however, are from the US and the doors heve to be repositioned.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Grey import vehicle

Context: In spite of the change to driving on the right, most passenger cars in the country today are RHD, being second-hand vehicles imported from Japan, Thailand, and Singapore. Now, only left hand drive can be imported to Myanmar and the reason behind is that right hand drive cars are unsuitable for Myanmar's road traffic system.

Question: 米国でグレーマーケットで取引が初めて問題になったのはいつですか？


Erwin Schulhoff

Context: Erwin Schulhoff (; 8 June 189418 August 1942) was a Czech composer and pianist. He was one of the figures in the generation of European musicians whose successful careers were prematurely terminated by the rise of the Nazi regime in Germany and whose works have been rarely noted or performed.

Question: エルヴィン・シュルホフのお墓はどこにある？


Erwin Schulhoff

Context: Schulhoff was born in Prague into a German-Jewish family. His father Gustav Schulhoff was a wool merchant from Prague and his mother Louise Wolff from Frankfurt. The noted pianist and composer Julius Schulhoff was his great-uncle.

Question: エルヴィン・シュルホフのお墓はどこにある？


Erwin Schulhoff

Context: He was one of the first generation of classical composers to find inspiration in the rhythms of jazz music. Schulhoff also embraced the avant-garde influence of Dadaism in his performances and compositions after World War I. When organizing concerts of avant-garde music in 1919, he included this manifesto:

Question: エルヴィン・シュルホフのお墓はどこにある？


Erwin Schulhoff

Context: Schulhoff occasionally performed as a pianist in the Prague Free Theatre. He also toured Germany, France and England performing his own works, contemporary classical compositions, and jazz.

Question: エルヴィン・シュルホフのお墓はどこにある？


Erwin Schulhoff

Context: His 1921 Suite for Chamber Orchestra, in one critic's words, "is stylistically mixed, with jazz-like numbers...encompassing two slow affecting ones...as if the clown of "Die Wolkenpumpe" has let the mask slip as he recalled the horrors and absurdities of the trenches." He wrote his friend Alban Berg in 1921:

Question: エルヴィン・シュルホフのお墓はどこにある？