Brunei

Context: The national air carrier, Royal Brunei Airlines, is trying to develop Brunei as a hub for international travel between Europe and Australia/New Zealand. Central to this strategy is the position that the airline maintains at London Heathrow Airport. It holds a daily slot at the highly capacity-controlled airport, which it serves from Bandar Seri Begawan via Dubai. The airline also has services to major Asian destinations including Shanghai, Bangkok, Singapore and Manila.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: Brunei depends heavily on imports such as agricultural products (e.g. rice, food products, livestock, etc.), vehicles and electrical products from other countries. Brunei imports 60% of its food; of that amount, around 75% come from other ASEAN countries.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: In 2020, Brunei's electricity production was largely based on fossil fuels; renewable energy accounted for less than 1% of produced electricity in the country.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: As of 2019, the country's road network constituted a total length of , out of which were paved. The highway from Muara Town to Kuala Belait is a dual carriageway.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: The airport in Brunei is currently being extensively upgraded. Changi Airport International is the consultant working on this modernisation, which planned cost is currently $150 million. This project is slated to add of new floorspace and includes a new terminal and arrival hall. With the completion of this project, the annual passenger capacity of the airport is expected to double from 1.5 to 3 million.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: With one private car for every 2.09 persons, Brunei has one of the highest car ownership rates in the world. This has been attributed to the absence of a comprehensive transport system, low import tax, and low unleaded petrol price of B$0.53 per litre.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: A new roadway connecting the Muara and Temburong districts of Brunei is slated to be completed in 2019. Fourteen kilometres (9 mi) of this roadway would be crossing the Brunei Bay. The bridge cost is $1.6 billion.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: Bank of China received permission to open a branch in Brunei in April 2016. Citibank, which entered in 1972, closed its operations in Brunei in 2014. HSBC, which had entered in 1947, closed its operation in Brunei in November 2017. May Bank of Malaysia, RHB Bank of Malaysia, Standard Chartered Bank of United Kingdom, United Overseas Bank of Singapore and Bank of China are currently operating in Brunei.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: Ethnicities indigenous to Brunei include the Belait, Brunei Bisaya (not to be confused with the Bisaya/Visaya of the nearby Philippines), indigenous Bruneian Malay, Dusun, Kedayan, Lun Bawang, Murut and Tutong.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: The population of Brunei in was , of which 76% live in urban areas. The rate of urbanisation is estimated at 2.13% per year from 2010 to 2015. The average life expectancy is 77.7 years. In 2014, 65.7% of the population were Malay, 10.3% are Chinese, 3.4% are indigenous, with 20.6% smaller groups making up the rest. There is a relatively large expatriate community.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: Most expats come from non-Muslim countries such as Australia, United Kingdom, South Korea, Japan, The Philippines, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam and India.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: The official language of Brunei is Standard Malay, for which both the Latin alphabet (Rumi) and the Arabic alphabet (Jawi) are used. Initially, Malay was written in Jawi script before it was switched in to Latin alphabet around 1941.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: The principal spoken language is "Melayu Brunei" (Brunei Malay). Brunei Malay is rather divergent from standard Malay and the rest of the Malay dialects, being about 84% cognate with standard Malay, and is mostly mutually intelligible with it.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: English is widely used as a business and official language and it is spoken by a majority of the population in Brunei. English is used in business as a working language and as the language of instruction from primary to tertiary education.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: Chinese languages are also widely spoken, and the Chinese minority in Brunei speak a number of varieties of Chinese.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: Arabic is the religious language of Muslims. Therefore, Arabic is taught in schools, particularly religious schools, and also in institutes of higher learning. As of 2004, there are six Arabic schools and one religious teachers' college in Brunei. A majority of Brunei's Muslim population has had some form of formal or informal education in the reading, writing and pronunciation of the Arabic language as part of their religious education.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: Other languages and dialects spoken include Kedayan Malay dialect, Tutong Malay dialect, Murut, and Dusun.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: The culture of Brunei is predominantly Malay (reflecting its ethnicity), with heavy influences from Islam, but is seen as much more conservative than Indonesia and Malaysia. Influences to Bruneian culture come from the Malay cultures of the Malay Archipelago. Four periods of cultural influence have occurred: animist, Hindu, Islamic, and Western. Islam had a very strong influence, and was adopted as Brunei's ideology and philosophy.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: As a Sharia country, the sale and public consumption of alcohol is banned. Non-Muslims are allowed to bring in a limited amount of alcohol from their point of embarkation overseas for their own private consumption.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: The Brunei government owns and operates three television channels with the introduction of digital TV using DVB-T (RTB Perdana, RTB Aneka and RTB Sukmaindera) and five radio stations (National FM, Pilihan FM, Nur Islam FM, Harmony FM and Pelangi FM). A private company has made cable television available (Astro-Kristal) as well as one private radio station, Kristal FM.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: It also has an online campus radio station, "UBD FM", that streams from its first university, Universiti Brunei Darussalam.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Brunei

Context: The most popular sport in Brunei is association football. The Brunei national football team joined FIFA in 1969, but has not had much success. The top two football leagues are the Brunei Super League and the Brunei Premier League.

Question: Milloin Brunei sai itsenäisyytensä siirtomaan ajan jälkeen?


Mayflower

Context: Mayflower was an English ship that transported a group of English families, known today as the Pilgrims, from England to the New World in 1620. After a grueling 10 weeks at sea, "Mayflower", with 102 passengers and a crew of about 30, reached America, dropping anchor near the tip of Cape Cod, Massachusetts, on , 1620.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: A congregation of approximately 400 English Protestants living in exile in Leiden, Holland, were dissatisfied with the failure of the Church of England to reform what they felt were many excesses and abuses. But rather than work for change in England (as other Puritans did), they chose to live as Separatists in religiously tolerant Holland in 1608. As separatists, they were considered illegal radicals by their home country of England.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: After deciding to leave Holland, they planned to cross the Atlantic using two purchased ships. A small ship with the name "Speedwell" would first carry them from Leiden to England. Then the larger "Mayflower" would be used to transport most of the passengers and supplies the rest of the way.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: Not all of the Separatists were able to depart, as many did not have enough time to settle their affairs and their budgets were too meager to buy the necessary travel supplies. The congregation therefore decided that the younger and stronger members should go first, with others possibly following in the future. Although the congregation had been led by John Robinson, who first proposed the idea of emigrating to America, he chose to remain in Leiden to care for those who could not make the voyage.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: In explaining to his congregation why they should emigrate, Robinson used the analogy of the ancient Israelites leaving Babylon to escape bondage by returning to Jerusalem, where they would build their temple. "The Pilgrims and Puritans actually referred to themselves as God's New Israel," writes Peter Marshall. It was therefore the manifest destiny of the Pilgrims and Puritans to similarly build a "spiritual Jerusalem" in America.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: When it was time to leave, the ship's senior leader, Edward Winslow, described the scene of families being separated at the departure: "A flood of tears was poured out. Those not sailing accompanied us to the ship, but were not able to speak to one another for the abundance of sorrow before parting." William Bradford, another leader who would be the second Governor of the Plymouth Colony, similarly described the departure:

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: The trip to the south coast of England took three days, where the ship took anchor at Southampton on , 1620. From there, the Pilgrims first laid eyes on their larger ship, "Mayflower", as it was being loaded with provisions.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: Carrying about 65 passengers, "Mayflower" left London in mid-July 1620. The ship then proceeded down the Thames to the south coast of England, where it anchored at Southampton, Hampshire. There she waited for the planned rendezvous on July 22 with the "Speedwell", coming from Holland with members of the Leiden congregation. Although both ships planned to depart for America by the end of July, a leak was discovered on "Speedwell", which had to be repaired.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: They waited for seven more days until the wind picked up. William Bradford was especially worried: "We lie here waiting for as fair a wind as can blow... Our victuals will be half eaten up, I think, before we go from the coast of England; and, if our voyage last long, we shall not have a month's victuals when we come in the country."

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: According to Bradford, "Speedwell" was refitted and seaworthy, having "made many voyages... to the great profit of her owners." He suggested that "Speedwell"s master may have used "cunning and deceit" to abort the voyage by causing the leaks, fearing starvation and death in America.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: In early September, western gales turned the North Atlantic into a dangerous place to sail. "Mayflower"s provisions were already quite low when departing Southampton, and they became lower still by delays of more than a month. The passengers had been on board the ship this entire time, feeling worn out and in no condition for a very taxing, lengthy Atlantic journey cooped up in the cramped spaces of a small ship.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: The living quarters for the 102 passengers were cramped, with the living area about 80 feet by 20 feet (1,600 sq. feet,) and the ceiling about five feet high. With couples and children packed closely together for a trip lasting two months, a great deal of trust and confidence was required among everyone aboard.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: The passengers were forced to crouch in semi-darkness below deck. With waves tossing the boat in different directions, men held onto their wives, who themselves held onto their children. Water was soaking everyone and everything above and below deck.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: The ship's cargo included many stores that supplied the Pilgrims with the essentials needed for their journey and future lives. It is assumed that they carried tools, food and weapons, as well as some live animals, including dogs, sheep, goats, and poultry. The ship also held two small 21-foot boats powered by oars or sails. There were also artillery pieces aboard, which they might need to defend themselves against enemy European forces or indigenous tribes.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: On , they sighted present-day Cape Cod. They spent several days trying to sail south to their planned destination of the Colony of Virginia, where they had obtained permission to settle from the Company of Merchant Adventurers. But the strong winter seas forced them to return to the harbor at Cape Cod hook, known today as Provincetown Harbor, and they set anchor on .

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: The moment the Pilgrims stepped ashore was described by William Bradford, the second Governor of the Plymouth Colony:

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: Plymouth faced many difficulties during its first winter, the most notable being the risk of starvation and the lack of suitable shelter. The Pilgrims had no way of knowing that the ground would be frozen by the middle of November, making it impossible to do any planting. Nor were they prepared for the snow storms that would make the countryside impassable without snowshoes. And in their haste to leave, they did not think to bring any fishing rods.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: From the beginning, the assistance they received from the local Native Americans was vital. One colonist's journal reported, "We dug and found some more corn, two or three baskets full, and a bag of beans. ... In all we had about ten bushels, which will be enough for seed. It is with God's help that we found this corn, for how else could we have done it, without meeting some Indians who might trouble us." Governor Bradford held out hope:

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: During the winter, the passengers remained on board "Mayflower", suffering an outbreak of a contagious disease described as a mixture of scurvy, pneumonia, and tuberculosis. After it was over, only 53 passengers remained—just over half; half of the crew died as well. In the spring, they built huts ashore, and the passengers disembarked from "Mayflower" on , 1621.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: Some families traveled together, while some men came alone, leaving families in England and Leiden. More than a third of the passengers were Separatists who sought to break away from the established Church of England and create a society that incorporated their own religious ideals. Other passengers were hired hands, servants, or farmers recruited by London merchants, all originally destined for the Colony of Virginia.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: The passengers mostly slept and lived in the low-ceilinged great cabins and on the main deck, which was 75 by 20 feet large (23 m × 6 m) at most. The cabins were thin-walled and extremely cramped, and the total area was 25 ft by 15 ft (7.6 m × 4.5 m) at its largest. Below decks, any person over five feet (150 cm) tall would be unable to stand up straight. The maximum possible space for each person would have been slightly less than the size of a modern-day single bed.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: Passengers passed the time by reading by candlelight or playing cards and games. They consumed large amounts of alcohol such as beer with meals. This was known to be safer than water, which often came from polluted sources and caused disease. No cattle or beasts of draft or burden were brought on the journey, but there were pigs, goats, and poultry.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: After 1616, there is no further record which specifically relates to Jones's "Mayflower" until 1624. This is unusual for a ship trading to London, as it would not usually disappear from the records for such a long time. No Admiralty court document can be found relating to the pilgrim fathers' voyage of 1620, although this might be due to the unusual way in which the transfer of the pilgrims was arranged from Leyden to New England, or some of the records of the period might have been lost.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: Jones was one of the owners of the ship by 1620, along with Christopher Nichols, Robert Child, and Thomas Short. It was from Child and Jones that Thomas Weston chartered her in the summer of 1620 to undertake the Pilgrim voyage. Weston had a significant role in "Mayflower" voyage due to his membership in the Company of Merchant Adventurers of London, and he eventually traveled to the Plymouth Colony himself.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: The poop deck was located on the ship's highest level above the stern on the aft castle and above Master Jones' cabin. On this deck stood the poop house, which was ordinarily a chart room or a cabin for the master's mates on most merchant ships, but it might have been used by the passengers on "Mayflower", either for sleeping or cargo.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: According to author Charles Banks, the officers and crew of "Mayflower" consisted of a captain, four mates, four quartermasters, surgeon, carpenter, cooper, cooks, boatswains, gunners, and about 36 men before the mast, making a total of about 50. The entire crew stayed with "Mayflower" in Plymouth through the winter of 1620–1621, and about half of them died during that time. The remaining crewmen returned to England on "Mayflower", which sailed for London on , 1621.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: The Pilgrim ship "Mayflower" has a famous place in American history as a symbol of early European colonization of the future United States. As described by the European "History" channel:

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: The main record for the voyage of "Mayflower" and the disposition of the Plymouth Colony comes from the letters and journal of William Bradford, who was a guiding force and later the governor of the colony. His detailed record of the journey is one of the primary sources used by historians, and the most complete history of Plymouth Colony that was written by a "Mayflower" passenger.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: The American national holiday, Thanksgiving, originated from the first Thanksgiving feast held by the Pilgrims in 1621, a prayer event and dinner to mark the first harvest of the "Mayflower" settlers.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: With twenty "Mayflower" historical societies throughout the country, along with an unknown number of descendants, the celebration was expected to last during much of 1920. As a result of World War I ending a few years earlier, the original plan to hold a world's fair in its honor was canceled.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: The government issued a Pilgrim Tercentenary half dollar, which portrays the ship on its reverse and passenger William Bradford on its obverse.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: The 400th anniversary of "Mayflower"s landing took place in 2020. Organizations in the UK and US have planned celebrations to mark the voyage. Festivities celebrating the anniversary have begun in various places in New England. Other celebrations are planned in England and the Netherlands, where the Pilgrims were living in exile until their voyage, but the COVID-19 pandemic forced some plans to be put on hold.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: Among some of the events are a "Mayflower" Autonomous Ship, without any persons aboard, which uses an AI captain designed by IBM to self-navigate across the ocean, while the Harwich "Mayflower" Heritage Centre is hoping to build a replica of the ship at Harwich, England. Descendants of the Pilgrims are hoping for a "once-in-a-lifetime" experience to commemorate their ancestors.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Mayflower

Context: A full-scale replica of the ship was burnt in Great Torrington in Devon on 28 August 2021, a year later than originally planned.

Question: Mistä Mayflower -laiva sai nimensä?


Decius

Context: Gaius Messius Quintus Traianus Decius (c. 201 ADJune 251 AD), sometimes translated as Trajan Decius or Decius, was the emperor of the Roman Empire from 249 to 251.

Question: Kuka hallitsi Deciusta ennen?


Decius

Context: Decius' political program was focused on the restoration of the strength of the State, both militarily opposing the external threats, and restoring the public piety with a program of renovation of the state religion.

Question: Kuka hallitsi Deciusta ennen?


Decius

Context: Either as a concession to the Senate, or perhaps with the idea of improving public morality, Decius endeavoured to revive the separate office and authority of the censor. The choice was left to the Senate, who unanimously selected Valerian (the future emperor). But Valerian, well aware of the dangers and difficulties attached to the office at such a time, declined the responsibility. The invasion of the Goths and Decius' death put an end to the abortive attempt.

Question: Kuka hallitsi Deciusta ennen?


Decius

Context: During his reign, he proceeded with several building projects in Rome, including the Thermae Decianae (Baths of Decius in the Aventine), which were completed in 252 and survived through to the 16th century; Decius also repaired the Colosseum, which had been damaged by lightning strikes.

Question: Kuka hallitsi Deciusta ennen?


Decius

Context: In January 250, Decius is said to have issued one of the most remarkable Roman imperial edicts. From the numerous surviving texts from Egypt, recording the act of sacrifice, it appears that the edict itself was fairly clear:

Question: Kuka hallitsi Deciusta ennen?


Decius

Context: The Decian persecution was the first organized persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire and served as the basis for the Diocletianic Persecution, the last major persecution of Christians in the Empire.

Question: Kuka hallitsi Deciusta ennen?


Hornet

Context: Hornets are often considered pests, as they aggressively guard their nesting sites when threatened and their stings can be more dangerous than those of bees.

Question: Mitä ovat hornetit?


Hornet

Context: While taxonomically well defined, some confusion may remain about the differences between hornets and other wasps of the family Vespidae, specifically the yellowjackets, which are members of the same subfamily. Also, a related genus of Asian nocturnal vespines, "Provespa", is referred to as "night wasps" or "night hornets", though they are not true hornets.

Question: Mitä ovat hornetit?


Hornet

Context: Some other large wasps are sometimes referred to as hornets, most notably the bald-faced hornet ("Dolichovespula maculata") found in North America. It is set apart by its black and ivory coloration. The name "hornet" is used for this species primarily because of its habit of making aerial nests (similar to some of the true hornets) rather than subterranean nests. Another example is the Australian hornet ("Abispa ephippium"), which is actually a species of potter wasp.

Question: Mitä ovat hornetit?


Hornet

Context: The Asian giant hornet ("V. mandarinia") lives in the Primorsky Krai, Khabarovsky Krai (southern part), and Jewish AO regions of Russia, and China, Korea, Taiwan, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Indochina, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Thailand, but is most commonly found in the mountains of Japan, where they are commonly known as the giant sparrow bee.

Question: Mitä ovat hornetit?


Hornet

Context: The Oriental hornet ("V. orientalis") occurs in semidry, subtropical areas of Central Asia (Armenia, Dagestan in Russia, Iran, Afghanistan, Oman, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrghyzstan, southern Kazakhstan), and southern Europe (Italy, Malta, Albania, Romania, Turkey, Greece, Bulgaria, Cyprus).

Question: Mitä ovat hornetit?


Hornet

Context: Hornets have stingers used to kill prey and defend nests. Hornet stings are more painful to humans than typical wasp stings because hornet venom contains a large amount (5%) of acetylcholine. Individual hornets can sting repeatedly; unlike honey bees, hornets do not die after stinging because their stingers are very finely barbed (only visible under high magnification) and can easily be withdrawn, so are not pulled out of their bodies when disengaging.

Question: Mitä ovat hornetit?


Hornet

Context: The stings of the Asian giant hornet ("V. mandarinia") are among the most venomous known, and are thought to cause 30–50 human deaths annually in Japan. Between July and September 2013, hornet stings caused the death of 42 people in China. Asian giant hornet's venom can cause allergic reactions and multiple organ failure leading to death, though dialysis can be used to remove the toxins from the bloodstream.

Question: Mitä ovat hornetit?


Hornet

Context: If a hornet is killed near a nest, it may release pheromones that can cause the other hornets to attack. Materials that come into contact with these pheromones, such as clothes, skin, and dead prey or hornets, can also trigger an attack, as can certain food flavorings, such as banana and apple flavorings, and fragrances that contain C5 alcohols and C10 esters.

Question: Mitä ovat hornetit?


Hornet

Context: As the colony size grows, new combs are added, and an envelope is built around the cell layers until the nest is entirely covered, with the exception of an entry hole. To be able to build cells in total darkness, they apparently use gravity to aid them. At the peak of its population, which occurs in late summer, the colony can reach a size of 700 workers.

Question: Mitä ovat hornetit?


Hornet

Context: At this time, the queen starts producing the first reproductive individuals. Fertilized eggs develop into females (called "gynes" by entomologists), and unfertilized ones develop into males (sometimes called "drones" as with honeybee drones). Adult males do not participate in nest maintenance, foraging, or caretaking of the larvae. In early to mid-autumn, they leave the nest and mate during "nuptial flights".

Question: Mitä ovat hornetit?


Hornet

Context: Other temperate species (e.g., the yellow hornet, "V. simillima", or the Oriental hornet, "V. orientalis") have similar cycles. In the case of tropical species (e.g., "V. tropica"), life histories may well differ, and in species with both tropical and temperate distributions (such as the Asian giant hornet, "V. mandarinia"), the cycle likely depends on latitude.

Question: Mitä ovat hornetit?


Hornet

Context: Adult hornets and their relatives (e.g., yellowjackets) feed themselves with nectar and sugar-rich plant foods. Thus, they can often be found feeding on the sap of oak trees, rotting sweet fruits, honey, and any sugar-containing foodstuffs. Hornets frequently fly into orchards to feed on overripe fruit, and tend to gnaw a hole in fruit to become totally immersed in its pulp. A person who accidentally picks fruit with a feeding hornet can be attacked by the disturbed insect.

Question: Mitä ovat hornetit?


Hornet

Context: The larvae of hornets produce a sweet secretion containing sugars and amino acids that is consumed by the workers and queens.

Question: Mitä ovat hornetit?


Hornet

Context: While a history of recognizing subspecies exists within many of the "Vespa" species, the most recent taxonomic revision of the genus treats all subspecific names in the genus "Vespa" as synonyms, effectively relegating them to no more than informal names for regional color forms.

Question: Mitä ovat hornetit?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay, (; 25 October 1800 – 28 December 1859) was a British historian and Whig politician, who served as the Secretary at War between 1839 and 1841, and as the Paymaster-General between 1846 and 1848, who by his "Minute on Indian Education" of February 1835 was primarily responsible for the introduction of Western institutional education to India.

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: Macaulay's "The History of England", which expressed his contention of the superiority of the Western European culture and of the inevitability of its sociopolitical progress, is a seminal example of Whig history that remains commended for its prose style.

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: Macaulay, who did not marry nor have children, was rumoured to have fallen in love with Maria Kinnaird, who was the monetarily wealthy ward of Richard 'Conversation' Sharp. Macaulay's strongest emotional relationships were with his youngest sisters: Margaret, who died while he was in India, and Hannah, to whose daughter Margaret, whom he called 'Baba', he was also attached.

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: Macaulay was Secretary to the Board of Control under Lord Grey from 1832 until he in 1833 required, as a consequence of the penury of his father, a more remunerative office than that of MP, from which he resigned after the passing of the Government of India Act 1833 to accept an appointment as first Law Member of the Governor-General's Council. Macaulay in 1834 went to India, where he served on the Supreme Council between 1834 and 1838.

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: I have no knowledge of either Sanskrit or Arabic. But I have done what I could to form a correct estimate of their value. I have read translations of the most celebrated Arabic and Sanskrit works. I have conversed both here and at home with men distinguished by their proficiency in the Eastern tongues. I am quite ready to take the Oriental learning at the valuation of the Orientalists

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: themselves. I have never found one among them who could deny that a single shelf of a good European library was worth the whole native literature of India and Arabia.

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: Neither Sanskrit nor Arabic poetry matched that of Europe; in other branches of learning the disparity was even greater, he argued:

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: Macaulay's minute largely coincided with Bentinck's views and Bentinck's English Education Act 1835 closely matched Macaulay's recommendations (in 1836, a school named La Martinière, founded by Major General Claude Martin, had one of its houses named after him), but subsequent Governors-General took a more conciliatory approach to existing Indian education.

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: Macaulay sat on the committee to decide on the historical subjects to be painted in the new Palace of Westminster. The need to collect reliable portraits of notable figures from history for this project led to the foundation of the National Portrait Gallery, which was formally established on 2 December 1856. Macaulay was amongst its founding trustees and is honoured with one of only three busts above the main entrance.

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: Macaulay's nephew, Sir George Trevelyan, Bt, wrote a best-selling "Life and Letters" of his famous uncle, . His great-nephew was the Cambridge historian G. M. Trevelyan.

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: As a young man he composed the ballads "Ivry" and "The Armada", which he later included as part of "Lays of Ancient Rome", a series of very popular poems about heroic episodes in Roman history which he began composing in India and continued in Rome, finally publishing in 1842. The most famous of them, "", concerns the heroism of Horatius Cocles. It contains the oft-quoted lines:

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: His essays, originally published in the "Edinburgh Review", were collected as "Critical and Historical Essays" in 1843.

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: During the 1840s, Macaulay undertook his most famous work, "The History of England from the Accession of James the Second", publishing the first two volumes in 1848. At first, he had planned to bring his history down to the reign of George III. After publication of his first two volumes, his hope was to complete his work with the death of Queen Anne in 1714.

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: The third and fourth volumes, bringing the history to the Peace of Ryswick, were published in 1855. At his death in 1859 he was working on the fifth volume. This, bringing the "History" down to the death of William III, was prepared for publication by his sister, Lady Trevelyan, after his death.

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: The Liberal historian Lord Acton read Macaulay's "History of England" four times and later described himself as "a raw English schoolboy, primed to the brim with Whig politics" but "not Whiggism only, but Macaulay in particular that I was so full of." However, after coming under German influence Acton would later find fault in Macaulay. In 1880 Acton classed Macaulay (with Burke and Gladstone) as one "of the three greatest Liberals". In 1883, he advised Mary Gladstone:

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: In 1888, Acton wrote that Macaulay "had done more than any writer in the literature of the world for the propagation of the Liberal faith, and he was not only the greatest, but the most representative, Englishman then living".

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: W. S. Gilbert described Macaulay's wit, "who wrote of Queen Anne" as part of Colonel Calverley's Act I patter song in the libretto of the 1881 operetta "Patience". (This line may well have been a joke about the Colonel's pseudo-intellectual bragging, as most educated Victorians knew that Macaulay did "not" write of Queen Anne; the "History" encompasses only as far as the death of William III in 1702, who was succeeded by Anne.)

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: Herbert Butterfield's "The Whig Interpretation of History" (1931) attacked Whig history. The Dutch historian Pieter Geyl, writing in 1955, considered Macaulay's "Essays" as "exclusively and intolerantly English".

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: On 7 February 1954, Lord Moran, doctor to the Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill, recorded in his diary:

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: George Richard Potter, Professor and Head of the Department of History at the University of Sheffield from 1931 to 1965, claimed "In an age of long letters ... Macaulay's hold their own with the best". However Potter also claimed:

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: With regards to Macaulay's determination to inspect physically the places mentioned in his "History", Potter said:

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: Piers Brendon wrote that Macaulay is "the only British rival to Gibbon." In 1972, J. R. Western wrote that: "Despite its age and blemishes, Macaulay's "History of England" has still to be superseded by a full-scale modern history of the period." In 1974 J. P. Kenyon stated that: "As is often the case, Macaulay had it exactly right."

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: W. A. Speck wrote in 1980, that a reason Macaulay's "History of England" "still commands respect is that it was based upon a prodigious amount of research". Speck claimed:

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: On the other hand, Speck also wrote that Macaulay "took pains to present the virtues even of a rogue, and he painted the virtuous warts and all", and that "he was never guilty of suppressing or distorting evidence to make it support a proposition which he knew to be untrue". Speck concluded:

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: In 1982, Gertrude Himmelfarb wrote: Himmelfarb also laments that "the history of the "History" is a sad testimonial to the cultural regression of our times".

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Thomas Babington Macaulay

Context: In the novel "Marathon Man" and its film adaptation, the protagonist was named 'Thomas Babington' after Macaulay.

Question: Mihin Thomas Macaulay kuoli?


Radiation therapy

Context: Before treatment, a CT scan is often performed to identify the tumor and surrounding normal structures. The patient receives small skin marks to guide the placement of treatment fields. Patient positioning is crucial at this stage as the patient will have to be placed in an identical position during each treatment. Many patient positioning devices have been developed for this purpose, including masks and cushions which can be molded to the patient.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: Most side effects are predictable and expected. Side effects from radiation are usually limited to the area of the patient's body that is under treatment. Side effects are dose- dependent; for example higher doses of head and neck radiation can be associated with cardiovascular complications, thyroid dysfunction, and pituitary axis dysfunction. Modern radiation therapy aims to reduce side effects to a minimum and to help the patient understand and deal with side effects that are unavoidable.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: The main side effects reported are fatigue and skin irritation, like a mild to moderate sun burn. The fatigue often sets in during the middle of a course of treatment and can last for weeks after treatment ends. The irritated skin will heal, but may not be as elastic as it was before.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: The gonads (ovaries and testicles) are very sensitive to radiation. They may be unable to produce gametes following direct exposure to most normal treatment doses of radiation. Treatment planning for all body sites is designed to minimize, if not completely exclude dose to the gonads if they are not the primary area of treatment.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: Late side effects occur months to years after treatment and are generally limited to the area that has been treated. They are often due to damage of blood vessels and connective tissue cells. Many late effects are reduced by fractionating treatment into smaller parts.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: Tissues which have been irradiated tend to become less elastic over time due to a diffuse scarring process.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: Epilation (hair loss) may occur on any hair bearing skin with doses above 1 Gy. It only occurs within the radiation field/s. Hair loss may be permanent with a single dose of 10 Gy, but if the dose is fractionated permanent hair loss may not occur until dose exceeds 45 Gy.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: Lymphedema, a condition of localized fluid retention and tissue swelling, can result from damage to the lymphatic system sustained during radiation therapy. It is the most commonly reported complication in breast radiation therapy patients who receive adjuvant axillary radiotherapy following surgery to clear the axillary lymph nodes .

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: In cases of radiation applied to the head radiation therapy may cause cognitive decline. Cognitive decline was especially apparent in young children, between the ages of 5 to 11. Studies found, for example, that the IQ of 5-year-old children declined each year after treatment by several IQ points.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: The gastrointestinal tract can be damaged following abdominal and pelvic radiotherapy. Atrophy, fibrosis and vascular changes produce malabsorption, diarrhea, steatorrhea and bleeding with bile acid diarrhea and vitamin B12 malabsorption commonly found due to ileal involvement. Pelvic radiation disease includes radiation proctitis, producing bleeding, diarrhoea and urgency, and can also cause radiation cystitis when the bladder is affected.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: Depending upon the irradiated zone, late effect neuropathy may occur in either the central nervous system (CNS) or the peripheral nervous system (PNS). In the CNS for example, cranial nerve injury typically presents as a visual acuity loss 1-14 years post treatment. In the PNS, injury to the plexus nerves presents as radiation-induced brachial plexopathy or radiation-induced lumbosacral plexopathy appearing up to 3 decades post treatment.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: Radiation necrosis is the death of healthy tissue near the irradiated site. It is a type of coagulative necrosis that occurs because the radiation directly or indirectly damages blood vessels in the area, which reduces the blood supply to the remaining healthy tissue, causing it to die by ischemia, similar to what happens in an ischemic stroke. Because it is an indirect effect of the treatment, it occurs months to decades after radiation exposure.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: Cumulative effects from this process should not be confused with long-term effects—when short-term effects have disappeared and long-term effects are subclinical, reirradiation can still be problematic. These doses are calculated by the radiation oncologist and many factors are taken into account before the subsequent radiation takes place.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: During the first two weeks after fertilization, radiation therapy is lethal but not teratogenic. High doses of radiation during pregnancy induce anomalies, impaired growth and intellectual disability, and there may be an increased risk of childhood leukemia and other tumours in the offspring.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: In males previously having undergone radiotherapy, there appears to be no increase in genetic defects or congenital malformations in their children conceived after therapy. However, the use of assisted reproductive technologies and micromanipulation techniques might increase this risk.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: One of the major limitations of photon radiation therapy is that the cells of solid tumors become deficient in oxygen. Solid tumors can outgrow their blood supply, causing a low-oxygen state known as hypoxia. Oxygen is a potent radiosensitizer, increasing the effectiveness of a given dose of radiation by forming DNA-damaging free radicals. Tumor cells in a hypoxic environment may be as much as 2 to 3 times more resistant to radiation damage than those in a normal oxygen environment.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: Delivery parameters of a prescribed dose are determined during treatment planning (part of dosimetry). Treatment planning is generally performed on dedicated computers using specialized treatment planning software. Depending on the radiation delivery method, several angles or sources may be used to sum to the total necessary dose. The planner will try to design a plan that delivers a uniform prescription dose to the tumor and minimizes dose to surrounding healthy tissues.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: In radiation therapy, three-dimensional dose distributions may be evaluated using the dosimetry technique known as gel dosimetry.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: In some cases, two fractions per day are used near the end of a course of treatment. This schedule, known as a concomitant boost regimen or hyperfractionation, is used on tumors that regenerate more quickly when they are smaller. In particular, tumors in the head-and-neck demonstrate this behavior.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: Patients receiving palliative radiation to treat uncomplicated painful bone metastasis should not receive more than a single fraction of radiation. A single treatment gives comparable pain relief and morbidity outcomes to multiple-fraction treatments, and for patients with limited life expectancy, a single treatment is best to improve patient comfort.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: Particle therapy is a special case of external beam radiation therapy where the particles are protons or heavier ions.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: Historically conventional external beam radiation therapy (2DXRT) was delivered via two-dimensional beams using kilovoltage therapy x-ray units, medical linear accelerators that generate high-energy x-rays, or with machines that were similar to a linear accelerator in appearance, but used a sealed radioactive source like the one shown above. 2DXRT mainly consists of a single beam of radiation delivered to the patient from several directions: often front or back, and both sides.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: Stereotactic radiation is a specialized type of external beam radiation therapy. It uses focused radiation beams targeting a well-defined tumor using extremely detailed imaging scans. Radiation oncologists perform stereotactic treatments, often with the help of a neurosurgeon for tumors in the brain or spine.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: There are two types of stereotactic radiation. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is when doctors use a single or several stereotactic radiation treatments of the brain or spine. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) refers to one or several stereotactic radiation treatments with the body, such as the lungs.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: The planning of radiation therapy treatment has been revolutionized by the ability to delineate tumors and adjacent normal structures in three dimensions using specialized CT and/or MRI scanners and planning software.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: Virtual simulation, the most basic form of planning, allows more accurate placement of radiation beams than is possible using conventional X-rays, where soft-tissue structures are often difficult to assess and normal tissues difficult to protect.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: In particle therapy (proton therapy being one example), energetic ionizing particles (protons or carbon ions) are directed at the target tumor. The dose increases while the particle penetrates the tissue, up to a maximum (the Bragg peak) that occurs near the end of the particle's range, and it then drops to (almost) zero. The advantage of this energy deposition profile is that less energy is deposited into the healthy tissue surrounding the target tissue.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: As one example of the localized nature of breast brachytherapy, the SAVI device delivers the radiation dose through multiple catheters, each of which can be individually controlled. This approach decreases the exposure of healthy tissue and resulting side effects, compared both to external beam radiation therapy and older methods of breast brachytherapy.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: In 2002, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin), which is an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody conjugated to yttrium-90.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: In 2003, the FDA approved the tositumomab/iodine (131I) tositumomab regimen (Bexxar), which is a combination of an iodine-131 labelled and an unlabelled anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: These medications were the first agents of what is known as radioimmunotherapy, and they were approved for the treatment of refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: The field of radiation therapy began to grow in the early 1900s largely due to the groundbreaking work of Nobel Prize–winning scientist Marie Curie (1867–1934), who discovered the radioactive elements polonium and radium in 1898. This began a new era in medical treatment and research. Through the 1920s the hazards of radiation exposure were not understood, and little protection was used. Radium was believed to have wide curative powers and radiotherapy was applied to many diseases.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: Medical linear particle accelerators, developed since the 1940s, began replacing X-ray and cobalt units in the 1980s and these older therapies are now declining. The first medical linear accelerator was used at the Hammersmith Hospital in London in 1953. Linear accelerators can produce higher energies, have more collimated beams, and do not produce radioactive waste with its attendant disposal problems like radioisotope therapies.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Radiation therapy

Context: While access to radiotherapy is improving globally, more than half of patients in low and middle income countries still do not have available access to the therapy as of 2017.

Question: Mihin sairauksiin ionisoivaa säteilyä voidaan käyttää?


Lappeenranta Airport

Context: In 1951, passenger traffic began at the airport. In 1960, the existing terminal was completed. In 1998, the runway was extended to 2,500 metres. In September 2006, the railway between Lahti and Kerava opened, shortening the travel time by rail to Helsinki and caused the closure of the Lappeenranta-Helsinki air route.

Question: Milloin ensimmäinen lentokenttä rakennettiin Suomessa?


Lappeenranta Airport

Context: In March 2010, Ryanair started flights to Lappeenranta, its second destination in Finland after Tampere Airport. The passenger record was in 2010 with 115,000 passengers. The airport was in 2014 on 73nd position in the list of the busiest airports in the Nordic countries. The only airline flying to Lappeenranta, Ryanair, ceased all flights there on 21 October 2015.

Question: Milloin ensimmäinen lentokenttä rakennettiin Suomessa?


Lappeenranta Airport

Context: In 2016, ownership of the airport changed from the state-owned Finavia to a company owned by the City of Lappeenranta, Lappeenrannan Lentoasema Oy. The airport had no scheduled flights 2016–2017, but Ryanair restarted again in March 2018.

Question: Milloin ensimmäinen lentokenttä rakennettiin Suomessa?


Lappeenranta Airport

Context: In addition to the scheduled passenger service listed above, there are a few seasonal air charters to European holiday destinations.

Question: Milloin ensimmäinen lentokenttä rakennettiin Suomessa?


Lappeenranta Airport

Context: Local bus number 4, which departs in front of the airport terminal, operates service to/from the city center and Lappeenranta railway station. Taxi service is also available. From the railway station, further connections to Helsinki are offered by VR, Savonlinja, and OnniBus.com. The distance from midtown by road to the terminal is 2½ kilometer (1½ mile).

Question: Milloin ensimmäinen lentokenttä rakennettiin Suomessa?


Katharine Hepburn

Context: Hepburn shunned the Hollywood publicity machine and refused to conform to society's expectations of women, famously wearing trousers before they were fashionable for women. She was briefly married as a young woman but thereafter lived independently. With her unconventional lifestyle and the independent characters she brought to the screen, Hepburn epitomized the "modern woman" in the 20th-century United States, and is remembered as an important cultural figure.

Question: Kuinka monta kertaa Katharine Hepburn oli uransa aikana Oscar-ehdokkaana?


Katharine Hepburn

Context: In 1976, Hepburn returned to Broadway for a three-month run of Enid Bagnold's play "A Matter of Gravity". The role of eccentric Mrs. Basil was deemed a perfect showcase for the actress, and the play was popular despite poor reviews. It later went on a successful nationwide tour. During its Los Angeles run, Hepburn fractured her hip, but she chose to continue the tour performing in a wheelchair. That year, she was voted "Favorite Motion Picture Actress" by the People's Choice Awards.

Question: Kuinka monta kertaa Katharine Hepburn oli uransa aikana Oscar-ehdokkaana?


Katharine Hepburn

Context: The television movie "The Corn Is Green" (1979), which was filmed in Wales, followed. It was the last of ten films Hepburn made with George Cukor, and gained her a third Emmy nomination.

Question: Kuinka monta kertaa Katharine Hepburn oli uransa aikana Oscar-ehdokkaana?


Katharine Hepburn

Context: Hepburn liked to go barefoot, and for her first acting role in the play "The Woman in the Moon" she insisted that her character Pandora should not wear shoes. Offscreen, she usually dressed in slacks and sandals, even for formal occasions like TV interviews. In her own words, "the thing that drove me out of skirts was the stocking situation ... That's why I've always worn pants ... that way you can always go barefoot".

Question: Kuinka monta kertaa Katharine Hepburn oli uransa aikana Oscar-ehdokkaana?


Katharine Hepburn

Context: Hepburn stuck to her decision not to remarry and made a conscious choice not to have children. She believed that motherhood requires a full-time commitment, and said it was not one she was willing to make. "I would have been a terrible mother," she told Berg, "because I'm basically a very selfish human being." She felt she had partially experienced parenthood through her much younger siblings, which fulfilled any need to have children of her own.

Question: Kuinka monta kertaa Katharine Hepburn oli uransa aikana Oscar-ehdokkaana?


Katharine Hepburn

Context: Rumors have existed since the 1930s that Hepburn was a lesbian or bisexual, which she often joked about. In 2007, William J. Mann released a biography of the actress in which he argued this was the case. In response to this speculation about her aunt, Katharine Houghton said, "I've never discovered any evidence whatsoever that she was a lesbian." However, in a 2017 documentary, columnist Liz Smith, who was a close friend, attested that she was.

Question: Kuinka monta kertaa Katharine Hepburn oli uransa aikana Oscar-ehdokkaana?


Katharine Hepburn

Context: Regarding Hepburn's film legacy, one of her biographers, Sheridan Morley, said she "broke the mold" for women in Hollywood, where she brought a new breed of strong-willed females to the screen. Film academic Andrew Britton wrote a monograph studying Hepburn's "key presence within classical Hollywood, a consistent, potentially radical disturbance", and pinpoints her "central" influence in bringing feminist issues to the screen.

Question: Kuinka monta kertaa Katharine Hepburn oli uransa aikana Oscar-ehdokkaana?


Katharine Hepburn

Context: Hepburn's legacy extends to fashion, where she pioneered wearing trousers at a time when it was a radical move for a woman. She helped make trousers acceptable for women, and fans began to imitate her clothing. In 1986 she received a lifetime achievement award from the Council of Fashion Designers of America in recognition of her influence on women's fashion.

Question: Kuinka monta kertaa Katharine Hepburn oli uransa aikana Oscar-ehdokkaana?


Katharine Hepburn

Context: A number of Hepburn's films have become classics of American cinema, with four of her pictures ("The African Queen", "The Philadelphia Story", "Bringing Up Baby", and "Guess Who's Coming to Dinner") featured on the American Film Institute's list of the 100 Greatest American Films of all time. "Adam's Rib" and "Woman of the Year" were included in the AFI's list of the Greatest American Comedies. Her clipped, patrician voice is considered one of the most distinctive in film history. []

Question: Kuinka monta kertaa Katharine Hepburn oli uransa aikana Oscar-ehdokkaana?


Katharine Hepburn

Context: During her 66-year career, Hepburn appeared in 44 feature films, 8 television movies, and 33 plays. Her movie career covered a range of genres, including screwball comedies, period dramas, and adaptations of works by top American playwrights. She appeared on the stage in every decade from the 1920s to the 1980s, performing plays by Shakespeare and Shaw, and a Broadway musical.

Question: Kuinka monta kertaa Katharine Hepburn oli uransa aikana Oscar-ehdokkaana?


Katharine Hepburn

Context: Hepburn was recognized by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for the following performances:

Question: Kuinka monta kertaa Katharine Hepburn oli uransa aikana Oscar-ehdokkaana?


El Salvador

Context: While this civil war was going on in the country large numbers of Salvadorans emigrated to the United States, and by 2008 they were one of the largest immigrant groups in the US.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: In 1524, after participating in the conquest of the Aztec Empire, Pedro de Alvarado, his brother Gonzalo, and their men crossed the Rio Paz southward into Cuzcatlec territory. The Spaniards were disappointed to discover that the Pipil had no gold or jewels like those they had found in Guatemala or Mexico, but they recognized the richness of the land's volcanic soil.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: The Cuzcatlec attacked again, and on this occasion stole Spanish weaponry. Alvarado retreated and sent Mexican messengers to demand that the Cuzcatlec warriors return the stolen weapons and surrender to their opponent's king. The Cuzcatlec responded with the famous response, "If you want your weapons, come get them". As days passed, Alvarado, fearing an ambush, sent more Mexican messengers to negotiate, but these messengers never came back and were presumably executed.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: For ten years the Lencas prevented the Spanish from building a permanent settlement. Then the Spanish returned with more soldiers, including about 2,000 forced conscripts from indigenous communities in Guatemala. They pursued the Lenca leaders further up into the mountains of Intibucá.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: During the colonial period, San Salvador and San Miguel were part of the Captaincy General of Guatemala, also known as the Kingdom of Guatemala (), created in 1609 as an administrative division of New Spain. The Salvadoran territory was administered by the mayor of Sonsonate, with San Salvador being established as an "intendencia" in 1786.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: In November 1811 Salvadoran priest José Matías Delgado rang the bells of Iglesia La Merced in San Salvador, calling for insurrection and launching the 1811 Independence Movement. This insurrection was suppressed, and many of its leaders were arrested and served sentences in jail. Another insurrection was launched in 1814, which was also suppressed.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: Historically, the high Salvadoran population density has contributed to tensions with neighbouring Honduras, as land-poor Salvadorans emigrated to less densely populated Honduras and established themselves as squatters on unused or underused land. This phenomenon was a major cause of the 1969 Football War between the two countries. As many as 130,000 Salvadorans were forcibly expelled or fled from Honduras.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: The Christian Democratic Party (PDC) and the National Conciliation Party (PCN) were active in Salvadoran politics from 1960 until 2011, when they were disbanded by the Supreme Court because they had failed to win enough votes in the 2004 presidential election; Both parties have since reconstituted. They share common ideals, but one represents the middle class and the latter the interests of the Salvadoran military.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: The U.S. supported and financed the creation of a second junta to change the political environment and stop the spread of a leftist insurrection. Napoleón Duarte was recalled from his exile in Venezuela to head this new junta. However, a revolution was already underway and his new role as head of the junta was seen by the general population as opportunistic. He was unable to influence the outcome of the insurrection.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: Óscar Romero, the Roman Catholic Archbishop of San Salvador, denounced injustices and massacres committed against civilians by government forces. He was considered "the voice of the voiceless", but he was assassinated by a death squad while saying Mass on 24 March 1980. Some consider this to be the beginning of the full Salvadoran Civil War, which lasted from 1980 to 1992.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: An unknown number of people "disappeared" during the conflict, and the UN reports that more than 75,000 were killed. The Salvadoran Army's US-trained Atlacatl Battalion was responsible for the El Mozote massacre where more than 800 civilians were murdered, over half of them children, the El Calabozo massacre, and the murder of UCA scholars.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: ARENA formally expelled Saca from the party in December 2009. With 12 loyalists in the National Assembly, Saca established his own party, the Grand Alliance for National Unity (GANA), and entered into a tactical legislative alliance with the FMLN. After three years in office, with Saca's GANA party providing the FMLN with a legislative majority, Funes had not taken action to either investigate or to bring corrupt former officials to justice.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: In September 2018, former president Saca was sentenced to 10 years in prison after he pleaded guilty to diverting more than US$300 million in state funds to his own businesses and third parties.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: There are eight species of sea turtles in the world; six of them nest on the coasts of Central America, and four make their home on the Salvadoran coast: the leatherback turtle, the hawksbill, the green sea turtle, and the olive ridley. The hawksbill is critically endangered.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: The departments of the Central region, especially the capital and the coastal regions, known as ' (red departments) are relatively leftist. The ' (blue departments) in the east, western and highland regions are relatively conservative.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: Gross domestic product (GDP) in purchasing power parity estimate for 2021 is US$57.95 billion growing real GDP at 4.2% for 2021. The service sector is the largest component of GDP at 64.1%, followed by the industrial sector at 24.7% (2008 est.) and agriculture represents 11.2% of GDP (2010 est.). The GDP grew after 1996 at an annual rate that averaged 3.2% real growth. The government committed to free market initiatives and the 2007 GDP's real growth rate hit 4.7%.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: According to the National Energy Commission, 94.4% of total injections during January 2021 came from hydroelectric plants (28.5% - 124.43 GWh), geothermal (27.3% - 119.07 GWh), biomass (24.4% 106.43 GWh), photovoltaic solar (10.6% - 46.44 GWh) and wind (3.6% - 15.67 GWh).

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: The local Spanish vernacular is called "Caliche," which is considered informal. As in other regions of Central and South America, Salvadorans use voseo. This refers to the use of "vos" as the second person singular pronoun, instead of "tú".

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: Homicides kept decreasing in 2020, so that means an average of 3.63 of murders per day, reaching a total of 1,322 homicides which accounts about half of the murders occurred in 2019. By 2021 the country recorded 1,140 homicides, 201 fewer murders than the previous year. So that means an average of 3.12 murders per day. That year had the lowest number recorded since the end of the civil war in 1992, according to official data.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: A day later, Congress approved a “State of Emergency” that gives legal coverage to arrest active gang members. In addition, Congress also approved reforms to increase the maximum sentence for gang member from nine to 45 years in prison and punish the dissemination of gang messages with up to 15 years in prison.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: The law is directed against those who "mark" their territories with acronyms of the gangs, a practice that gang members use to intimidate; and threaten with death those who denounce them to the authorities. The Directorate of Penal Centers began to erase the graffiti that the gangs use to mark the territory in which they operate.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: The Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13) and Barrio 18 gangs, among others, add up to some 70,000 members, and as of March 16,000 of them are in prison, but according to the reports of the latest arrests, the figure would rise to more than 25,000 culprits.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


El Salvador

Context: Among the more renowned representatives of the graphic arts are the painters Augusto Crespin, Noe Canjura, Carlos Cañas, Giovanni Gil, Julia Díaz, Mauricio Mejia, Maria Elena Palomo de Mejia, Camilo Minero, Ricardo Carbonell, Roberto Huezo, Miguel Angel Cerna, (the painter and writer better known as MACLo), Esael Araujo, and many others.

Question: Missä Amerikan mantereen valtiossa on suurin väestötiheys?


Finnish Civil War

Context: In the immediate aftermath, the Finns passed from Russian governance to the German sphere of influence with a plan to establish a German-led Finnish monarchy. The scheme ended with Germany's defeat in World War I, and Finland instead emerged as an independent, democratic republic. The civil war divided the nation for decades. Finnish society was reunited through social compromises based on a long-term culture of moderate politics and religion and the post-war economic recovery.

Question: Miksi Suomen sisällissota syttyi?


Finnish Civil War

Context: The Finnish Civil War of 1918 was the second civil conflict within Finland's borders, as the Cudgel War of 1596–1597 (where poor peasants rose up against the troops, nobles and cavalry who taxed them) had similar features.

Question: Miksi Suomen sisällissota syttyi?


Finnish Civil War

Context: The February Revolution halted the Finnish economic boom caused by the Russian war-economy. The collapse in business led to unemployment and high inflation, but the employed workers gained an opportunity to resolve workplace problems. The commoners' call for the eight-hour working day, better working conditions and higher wages led to demonstrations and large-scale strikes in industry and agriculture.

Question: Miksi Suomen sisällissota syttyi?


Finnish Civil War

Context: In the October 1917 elections, the social democrats lost their absolute majority, which radicalised the labour movement and decreased support for moderate politics. The crisis of July 1917 did not bring about the Red Revolution of January 1918 on its own, but together with political developments based on the commoners' interpretation of the ideas of Fennomania and socialism, the events favoured a Finnish revolution. In order to win power, the socialists had to overcome Parliament.

Question: Miksi Suomen sisällissota syttyi?


Finnish Civil War

Context: The Bolsheviks' and Vladimir Lenin's October Revolution of 7 November 1917 transferred political power in Petrograd to the radical, left-wing socialists. The German government's decision to arrange safe-conduct for Lenin and his comrades from exile in Switzerland to Petrograd in April 1917, was a success. An armistice between Germany and the Bolshevik regime came into force on 6 December and peace negotiations began on 22 December 1917 at Brest-Litovsk.

Question: Miksi Suomen sisällissota syttyi?


Finnish Civil War

Context: The presence of the two opposing armed forces created a state of dual power and divided sovereignty on Finnish society. The decisive rift between the guards broke out during the general strike: the Reds executed several political opponents in southern Finland and the first armed clashes between the Whites and Reds took place. In total, 34 casualties were reported. Eventually, the political rivalries of 1917 led to an arms race and an escalation towards civil war.

Question: Miksi Suomen sisällissota syttyi?


Finnish Civil War

Context: Lenin's policy on the right of nations to self-determination aimed at preventing the disintegration of Russia during the period of military weakness. He assumed that in war-torn, splintering Europe, the proletariat of free nations would carry out socialist revolutions and unite with Soviet Russia later. The majority of the Finnish labour movement supported Finland's independence. The Finnish Bolsheviks, influential, though few in number, favoured annexation of Finland by Russia.

Question: Miksi Suomen sisällissota syttyi?


Finnish Civil War

Context: Rifles and machine guns from Imperial Russia were the main armaments of the Reds and the Whites. The most commonly used rifle was the Russian Mosin–Nagant Model 1891. In total, around ten different rifle models were in service, causing problems for ammunition supply. The Maxim gun was the most-used machine gun, along with the less-used M1895 Colt–Browning, Lewis and Madsen guns. The machine guns caused a substantial part of the casualties in combat. Russian field guns were mostly used with direct fire.

Question: Miksi Suomen sisällissota syttyi?


Finnish Civil War

Context: Around 50,000 of the former tsar's army troops were stationed in Finland in January 1918. The soldiers were demoralised and war-weary, and the former serfs were thirsty for farmland set free by the revolutions. The majority of the troops returned to Russia by the end of March 1918. In total, 7,000 to 10,000 Red Russian soldiers supported the Finnish Reds, but only around 3,000, in separate, smaller units of 100–1,000 soldiers, could be persuaded to fight in the front line.

Question: Miksi Suomen sisällissota syttyi?


Finnish Civil War

Context: The number of Soviet soldiers active in the civil war declined markedly once Germany attacked Russia on 18 February 1918. The German-Soviet Treaty of Brest-Litovsk of 3 March restricted the Bolsheviks' support for the Finnish Reds to weapons and supplies. The Soviets remained active on the south-eastern front, mainly in the Battle of Rautu on the Karelian Isthmus between February and April 1918, where they defended the approaches to Petrograd.

Question: Miksi Suomen sisällissota syttyi?


Finnish Civil War

Context: In February 1918, General Mannerheim deliberated on where to focus the general offensive of the Whites. There were two strategically vital enemy strongholds: Tampere, Finland's major industrial town in the south-west, and Vyborg, Karelia's main city. Although seizing Vyborg offered many advantages, his army's lack of combat skills and the potential for a major counterattack by the Reds in the area or in the south-west made it too risky.

Question: Miksi Suomen sisällissota syttyi?


Finnish Civil War

Context: Both Whites and Reds carried out political violence through executions, respectively termed White Terror (; ) and Red Terror (; ). Large-scale terror operations were born and bred in Europe during World War I, the first total war. The February and October Revolutions initiated similar violence in Finland: at first by Russian army troops executing their officers, and then later between the Finnish Whites and Reds.

Question: Miksi Suomen sisällissota syttyi?


Finnish Civil War

Context: Casualties of Finnish Civil War were according to a Finnish Government project (2004): Died in battle: "whites" 3,414, "reds" 5,199; Missing: whites 46, reds 1,767; Executed: whites 1,424, reds 7,370; Died in prison camps: whites 4, reds 11,652 – total deaths 36,640.

Question: Miksi Suomen sisällissota syttyi?


Finnish Civil War

Context: On 9 October 1918, under pressure from Germany, the Senate and Parliament elected a German prince, Friedrich Karl, the brother-in-law of German Emperor William II, to become the King of Finland. The German leadership was able to utilise the breakdown of Russia for the geopolitical benefit of the German Empire in Fennoscandia also. The Civil War and the aftermath diminished independence of Finland, compared to the status it had held at the turn of the year 1917–1918.

Question: Miksi Suomen sisällissota syttyi?


Finnish Civil War

Context: In 2012, the dramatized documentary "Dead or Alive 1918" (or "The Battle of Näsilinna 1918"; ) was made, which tells the story of the Battle of Tampere during the Civil War. Other noteworthy documentary-styled films about the Finnish Civil War include "" from 1973, "Trust" from 1976, and "Flame Top" from 1980.

Question: Miksi Suomen sisällissota syttyi?


Procyonidae

Context: Procyonids are relatively small animals, with generally slender bodies and long tails, though the common raccoon tends to be bulky.

Question: Miten määritellään puolikarhulaji?


Procyonidae

Context: Due to their omnivorous diet, procyonids have lost some of the adaptations for flesh-eating found in their carnivorous relatives. While they do have carnassial teeth, these are poorly developed in most species, especially the raccoons. Apart from the kinkajou, procyonids have the dental formula:

Question: Miten määritellään puolikarhulaji?


Procyonidae

Context: Genetic studies have shown that kinkajous are a sister group to all other extant procyonids; they split off about 22.6 Ma ago. The clades leading to coatis and olingos on one hand, and to ringtails and raccoons on the other, separated about 17.7 Ma ago. The divergence between olingos and coatis is estimated to have occurred about 10.2 Ma ago, at about the same time that ringtails and raccoons parted ways.

Question: Miten määritellään puolikarhulaji?


Procyonidae

Context: There has been considerable historical uncertainty over the correct classification of several members. The red panda was previously classified in this family, but it is now classified in its own family, the Ailuridae, based on molecular biology studies. The status of the various olingos was disputed: some regarded them all as subspecies of "Bassaricyon gabbii" before DNA sequence data demonstrated otherwise.

Question: Miten määritellään puolikarhulaji?


Procyonidae

Context: Several recent molecular studies have resolved the phylogenetic relationships between the procyonids, as illustrated in the cladogram below.

Question: Miten määritellään puolikarhulaji?


Procyonidae

Context: Below is a list of extinct taxa (many of which are fossil genera and species) complied in alphabetical order under their respective subfamilies.

Question: Miten määritellään puolikarhulaji?


Valtra

Context: The first Valmet tractors were manufactured in 1951. The prototypes and first 10 tractors were the result of cooperation between the artillery and rifle plants, after which tractor production was consolidated within the rifle plant in Tourula, Jyväskylä. The first tractors actually used parts of cannon barrel for their subframes.

Question: Mikä oli Suomen ensimmäinen maatalouskone?


Valtra

Context: The first tractor model was the Valmet 15, the model number indicating its horsepower. The tractor was designed to replace horses on small Finnish farms and in the forests. The upgraded Valmet 20 model followed in 1955.

Question: Mikä oli Suomen ensimmäinen maatalouskone?


Valtra

Context: By the late 1950s Valmet exported several hundred tractors a year to Brazil. The Brazilian government planned to nationalise tractor production, however, and announced a bidding competition for establishing factories there. Valmet's factory project was approved, and production began rapidly in 1960 starting with the Valmet 360 D model.

Question: Mikä oli Suomen ensimmäinen maatalouskone?


Valtra

Context: Work on designing a new range of tractors designated Volvo BM Valmet began already in January 1979. Scantrac AB, a joint venture between Volvo BM and Valmet, was responsible for engineering and marketing operations, as Volvo BM wanted to transfer its sales network and customers to Valmet. Tractor production at Volvo BM's factory in Eskilstuna, Sweden, was discontinued, and the factory switched to manufacturing construction equipment.

Question: Mikä oli Suomen ensimmäinen maatalouskone?


Valtra

Context: The first Volvo BM Valmet models were unveiled in Sweden in May 1982. Volvo supplied the cabs and transmission components to all 505–905 series tractors between 1982 and 1991. After taking over Volvo BM's tractor operations, Valmet became the biggest tractor brand in Northern Europe, having already been the market leader in Finland and one of the most popular brands in Brazil.

Question: Mikä oli Suomen ensimmäinen maatalouskone?


Valtra

Context: In 1980 Valmet and the government of Tanzania set up an assembly plant for tractors in Kibaha. The Trama company was established in the spirit of development cooperation and was 80 percent owned by the Tanzanian State Motor Corporation, 10 percent by Valmet, and 10 percent by Finnfund. Between 1983 and 1989 the Tanzanian plant manufactured around 2000 Valmet 604 Series tractors, with 10 to 12 percent of components sourced locally.

Question: Mikä oli Suomen ensimmäinen maatalouskone?


Valtra

Context: When it was founded in 1945, Valmet was a fully state-owned company. In 1994 Finnish state-owned companies were reorganised, and Valmet's tractor operations were transferred to a joint company with Sisu trucks creating the Sisu-Valmet brand.

Question: Mikä oli Suomen ensimmäinen maatalouskone?


Valtra

Context: In 1997 Sisu, including its tractor operations, was acquired by Partek. At the end of 1999 the Finnish State owned 30 percent of Partek.

Question: Mikä oli Suomen ensimmäinen maatalouskone?


Valtra

Context: The Valmet 565 model introduced in 1965 featured the first synchronised gearbox in the tractor industry.

Question: Mikä oli Suomen ensimmäinen maatalouskone?


Valtra

Context: The Valmet 900 introduced in 1967 featured a factory-fitted cab and gear levers on the right-hand side of the driver.

Question: Mikä oli Suomen ensimmäinen maatalouskone?


Valtra

Context: Among the most unusual tractors manufactured by Valmet was the six-wheeled Valmet 1502 bogie model, which was introduced in 1975.

Question: Mikä oli Suomen ensimmäinen maatalouskone?


Valtra

Context: The experimental H800 model from 1986 featured an articulated chassis and fully hydraulic transmission.

Question: Mikä oli Suomen ensimmäinen maatalouskone?


Valtra

Context: The 8750 Sigma Power model introduced by Valmet in 1996 was the first tractor in the world to feature PTO (Power Take-off for external implements) boost, which was activated automatically when at least 30 horsepower was transmitted to the PTO.

Question: Mikä oli Suomen ensimmäinen maatalouskone?


Valtra

Context: Fourth generation N and T Series tractors won several international tractor and design awards in 2015 and 2016 including Machine of the Year, Golden Tractor for Design, A Design Award and Red Dot design award.

Question: Mikä oli Suomen ensimmäinen maatalouskone?


A Death-Scene

Context: The poem appears to be a Gondal poem from the writing style, but there is nothing in the poem to confirm this theory. The narrator is an anonymous woman. There is no known character by the name of Edward in the Gondal Saga. And the one vague reference to 'Arden's lake' is unhelpful because it is not a known place in either the Gondal world or the Glass Town Confederacy.

Question: Mikä on Emily Brontën tunnetuin kirjoittama runo?


A Death-Scene

Context: Gondal's most well known character is Queen Augusta Geraldine Almeda (A.G.A). She has a number of lovers including Alexander- Lord of Elbe, Alfred Sidonia, and Fernando de Samara, all of whom are killed. There is no record of a lover by the name of Edward.

Question: Mikä on Emily Brontën tunnetuin kirjoittama runo?


A Death-Scene

Context: The poem has a rhyme pattern of ABAB and stanzas 1–7 are in quotation marks, this could show that Augusta is directly addressing her husband, Edward, as she calls to him with this name.

Question: Mikä on Emily Brontën tunnetuin kirjoittama runo?


A Death-Scene

Context: The poem uses frequent references to water: "Arden's lake" in stanza 3, "eternal sea" in stanza 4 and "Eden isles" in stanza 6. This water is most probably Emily referring to the water surrounding Gondal. There are other parts of nature that are touched upon in this poem, primarily in stanza 10, these could showing how Augusta is turning to nature to help her cope with the oncoming and unavoidable grief.

Question: Mikä on Emily Brontën tunnetuin kirjoittama runo?


A Death-Scene

Context: The poem describes Augusta's sorrow over her dying husband, describing the journey of his final movements. In the second stanza Augusta is trying to convince herself that he will survive, using positive words such as "youthful", "cheerful" and glowing. In the third stanza, she is willing him to awake from his endless sleep. Emily describes the surroundings of the pair as a "golden evening" and the lake as being "warm and bright" – yet more positive imagery.

Question: Mikä on Emily Brontën tunnetuin kirjoittama runo?


A Death-Scene

Context: The fourth stanza shows how close the couple are. True love could be what Augusta is feeling when she describes him as her "dearest friend" and wants "one hour delay" on his fate. In stanza five, Augusta describes the surroundings more with in-depth explanation of the water around them. Here it also appears that she is looking for hope as she is "straining".

Question: Mikä on Emily Brontën tunnetuin kirjoittama runo?


A Death-Scene

Context: Stanza six shows the difference naturally between Gondal and Angria with the high oceans that are "tempestuous" and split the two up. Stanza seven follows a similar format to the third stanza, where Augusta is trying to convince herself that he is not dying. There are feelings of pain where she feels that he is leaving her.

Question: Mikä on Emily Brontën tunnetuin kirjoittama runo?


A Death-Scene

Context: In stanza eight, the scene between the two is described as the pair look at one another: the last look of pain and suffering that "moved" Augusta. In the ninth stanza, she feels she can let go and not feel guilty for no "further grieving". Stanza ten is back to the nature of Gondal. In this stanza the sun mimics what Lord of Elbë, Augusta's husband was doing, "sunk to peace". The setting described here is of the land, not sea, and it appears to be much like the moorland that Emily grew up in.

Question: Mikä on Emily Brontën tunnetuin kirjoittama runo?


Solar System

Context: The word "solar" means "pertaining to the Sun", which is derived from the Latin word "sol", meaning Sun. The Sun is the dominant gravitational member of the Solar System, and its planetary system is maintained in a relatively stable, slowly evolving state by following isolated, gravitationally bound orbits around the Sun.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: The angular momentum of the Solar System is a measure of the total amount of orbital and rotational momentum possessed by all its moving components. Although the Sun dominates the system by mass, it accounts for only about 2% of the angular momentum. The planets, dominated by Jupiter, account for most of the rest of the angular momentum due to the combination of their mass, orbit, and distance from the Sun, with a possibly significant contribution from comets.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: The astronomical unit [AU] () would be the distance from the Earth to the Sun if the planet's orbit were perfectly circular. For comparison, the radius of the Sun is . Thus, the Sun occupies 0.00001% (10−5 %) of the volume of a sphere with a radius the size of Earth's orbit, whereas Earth's volume is roughly one millionth (10−6) that of the Sun. Jupiter, the largest planet, is from the Sun and has a radius of , whereas the most distant planet, Neptune, is from the Sun.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: If the Sun–Neptune distance is scaled to , then the Sun would be about in diameter (roughly two-thirds the diameter of a golf ball), the giant planets would be all smaller than about , and Earth's diameter along with that of the other terrestrial planets would be smaller than a flea () at this scale.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: The Sun is the Solar System's star and by far its most massive component. Its large mass (332,900 Earth masses), which comprises 99.86% of all the mass in the Solar System, produces temperatures and densities in its core high enough to sustain nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium. This releases an enormous amount of energy, mostly radiated into space as electromagnetic radiation peaking in visible light.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: The heliosphere and planetary magnetic fields (for those planets that have them) partially shield the Solar System from high-energy interstellar particles called cosmic rays. The density of cosmic rays in the interstellar medium and the strength of the Sun's magnetic field change on very long timescales, so the level of cosmic-ray penetration in the Solar System varies, though by how much is unknown.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: The interplanetary medium is home to at least two disc-like regions of cosmic dust. The first, the zodiacal dust cloud, lies in the inner Solar System and causes the zodiacal light. It may have been formed by collisions within the asteroid belt brought on by gravitational interactions with the planets; a more recent proposed origin is the planet Mars. The second dust cloud extends from about to about , and was probably created by collisions within the Kuiper belt.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: The inner Solar System is the region comprising the terrestrial planets and the asteroid belt. Composed mainly of silicates and metals, the objects of the inner Solar System are relatively close to the Sun; the radius of this entire region is less than the distance between the orbits of Jupiter and Saturn. This region is also within the frost line, which is a little less than from the Sun.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: Ceres ( from the Sun) is the largest asteroid, a protoplanet, and a dwarf planet. It has a diameter of slightly under , and a mass large enough for its own gravity to pull it into a spherical shape. Ceres was considered a planet when it was discovered in 1801, but as further observations revealed additional asteroids, it became common to consider it as one of the minor rather than major planets. It was then reclassified again as a dwarf planet in 2006 when the IAU definition of planet was established.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: The outer region of the Solar System is home to the giant planets and their large moons. The centaurs and many short-period comets also orbit in this region. Due to their greater distance from the Sun, the solid objects in the outer Solar System contain a higher proportion of volatiles, such as water, ammonia, and methane than those of the inner Solar System because the lower temperatures allow these compounds to remain solid.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: The ring–moon systems of Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus are like miniature versions of the Solar System; that of Neptune is significantly different, having been disrupted by the capture of its largest moon Triton.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: The centaurs are icy comet-like bodies whose orbits have semi-major axes greater than Jupiter's () and less than Neptune's (). The largest known centaur, 10199 Chariklo, has a diameter of about . The first centaur discovered, 2060 Chiron, has also been classified as a comet (95P) because it develops a coma just as comets do when they approach the Sun.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: Comets are small Solar System bodies, typically only a few kilometres across, composed largely of volatile ices. They have highly eccentric orbits, generally a perihelion within the orbits of the inner planets and an aphelion far beyond Pluto. When a comet enters the inner Solar System, its proximity to the Sun causes its icy surface to sublimate and ionise, creating a coma: a long tail of gas and dust often visible to the naked eye.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: Charon, the largest of Pluto's moons, is sometimes described as part of a binary system with Pluto, as the two bodies orbit a barycentre of gravity above their surfaces (i.e. they appear to "orbit each other"). Beyond Charon, four much smaller moons, Styx, Nix, Kerberos, and Hydra, orbit Pluto.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: Besides Pluto, astronomers generally agree that at least four other Kuiper belt objects are dwarf planets, and additional bodies have also been proposed:

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: (67.78 AU average from the Sun) is the largest known scattered disc object, and caused a debate about what constitutes a planet, because it is 25% more massive than Pluto and about the same diameter. It is the most massive of the known dwarf planets. It has one known moon, Dysnomia. Like Pluto, its orbit is highly eccentric, with a perihelion of 38.2 AU (roughly Pluto's distance from the Sun) and an aphelion of 97.6 AU, and steeply inclined to the ecliptic plane at an angle of 44°.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: (67.38 AU average from the Sun) is in a comparable orbit to Eris, except that it is in a 3:10 resonance with Neptune. It has one known moon, Xiangliu.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: The outer boundary of the heliosphere, the "heliopause", is the point at which the solar wind finally terminates and is the beginning of interstellar space. "Voyager 1" and "Voyager 2" passed the termination shock and entered the heliosheath at 94 and 84 AU from the Sun, respectively. "Voyager 1" was reported to have crossed the heliopause in August 2012, and "Voyager 2" in December 2018.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: The shape and form of the outer edge of the heliosphere is likely affected by the fluid dynamics of interactions with the interstellar medium as well as solar magnetic fields prevailing to the south, e.g. it is bluntly shaped with the northern hemisphere extending 9 AU farther than the southern hemisphere. Beyond the heliopause, at around 230 AU, lies the bow shock, a plasma "wake" left by the Sun as it travels through the Milky Way.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: The Local Bubble is a small superbubble compared to the neighbouring wider Radcliffe Wave and "Split" linear structures (formerly Gould Belt), each of which are some thousands of light-years in length. All these structures are part of the Orion Arm, which contains most of the stars in the Milky Way that are visible to the unaided eye. The density of all matter in the local neighborhood is ·pc−3.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: The next closest known fusors to the Sun are the red dwarfs Barnard's Star (at 5.9 ly), Wolf 359 (7.8 ly), and Lalande 21185 (8.3 ly). The nearest brown dwarfs belong to the binary Luhman 16 system (6.6 ly), and the closest known rogue or free-floating planetary-mass object at less than 10 Jupiter masses is the sub-brown dwarf WISE 0855−0714.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: Just beyond at 8.6 ly lies Sirius, the brightest star in Earth's night sky, with roughly twice the Sun's mass, orbited by the closest white dwarf to Earth, Sirius B. Other stars within ten light-years are the binary red-dwarf system Luyten 726-8 (8.7 ly) and the solitary red dwarf Ross 154 (9.7 ly). The closest solitary Sun-like star to the Solar System is Tau Ceti at 11.9 light-years. It has roughly 80% of the Sun's mass but only about half of its luminosity.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: The nearest and unaided-visible group of stars beyond the immediate celestial neighbourhood is the Ursa Major Moving Group at roughly 80 light-years, which is within the Local Bubble, like the nearest as well as unaided-visible star cluster the Hyades, which lie at its edge. The closest star-forming regions are the Corona Australis Molecular Cloud, the Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex and the Taurus Molecular Cloud; the latter lies just beyond the Local Bubble and is part of the Radcliffe wave.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Solar System

Context: The orbits of Solar System planets are nearly circular. Compared to other systems, they have smaller orbital eccentricity. Although there are attempts to explain it partly with a bias in the radial-velocity detection method and partly with long interactions of a quite high number of planets, the exact causes remain undetermined.

Question: Mikä on pienin planeetta meidän aurinkokunnassa?


Richard Wright (musician)

Context: Wright grew up in Hatch End, Middlesex and met future Pink Floyd bandmates Roger Waters and Nick Mason while studying architecture at the Regent Street Polytechnic, London. After being joined by frontman and songwriter Syd Barrett, the group found commercial success in 1967. Barrett was replaced by David Gilmour in 1968, who, along with Waters and Wright, took over songwriting.

Question: Minä vuonna Englantilainen muusikko Richard Wright kuoli?