Finland

Context: In 2008, president Martti Ahtisaari was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. Finland was considered a cooperative model state, and Finland did not oppose proposals for a common EU defence policy. This was reversed in the 2000s, when Tarja Halonen and Erkki Tuomioja made Finland's official policy to resist other EU members' plans for common defence.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: The Finnish Defence Forces consist of a cadre of professional soldiers (mainly officers and technical personnel), currently serving conscripts, and a large reserve. The standard readiness strength is 34,700 people in uniform, of which 25% are professional soldiers. A universal male conscription is in place, under which all male Finnish nationals above 18 years of age serve for 6 to 12 months of armed service or 12 months of civilian (non-armed) service.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Voluntary post-conscription overseas peacekeeping service is popular, and troops serve around the world in UN, NATO, and EU missions. Approximately 500 women choose voluntary military service every year. Women are allowed to serve in all combat arms including front-line infantry and special forces.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: The army consists of a highly mobile field army backed up by local defence units. The army defends the national territory and its military strategy employs the use of the heavily forested terrain and numerous lakes to wear down an aggressor, instead of attempting to hold the attacking army on the frontier.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Even while Finland hasn't joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the country has joined the NATO Response Force, the EU Battlegroup, the NATO Partnership for Peace and in 2014 signed a NATO memorandum of understanding, thus forming a practical coalition. In 2015, the Finland-NATO ties were strengthened with a host nation support agreement allowing assistance from NATO troops in emergency situations. Finland has been an active participant in the Afghanistan and Kosovo wars.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: § 6 in two sentences of the Finnish Constitution states: "No one shall be placed in a different position on situation of sex, age, origin, language, religion, belief, opinion, state of health, disability or any other personal reason without an acceptable reason."

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Finland has been ranked above average among the world's countries in democracy, press freedom, and human development.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Amnesty International has expressed concern regarding some issues in Finland, such as alleged permitting of stopovers of CIA rendition flights, the imprisonment of conscientious objectors, and societal discrimination against Romani people and members of other ethnic and linguistic minorities.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: The unemployment rate was 9.4% in 2015, having risen from 8.7% in 2014. Youth unemployment rate rose from 16.5% in 2007 to 20.5% in 2014. A fifth of residents are outside the job market at the age of 50 and less than a third are working at the age of 61. In 2014, nearly one million people were living with minimal wages or unemployed not enough to cover their costs of living.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: , 2.4 million households reside in Finland. The average size is 2.1 persons; 40% of households consist of a single person, 32% two persons and 28% three or more persons. Residential buildings total 1.2 million, and the average residential space is per person. The average residential property without land costs €1,187 per sq metre and residential land €8.60 per sq metre. 74% of households had a car. There are 2.5 million cars and 0.4 million other vehicles.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Around 92% have a mobile phone and 83.5% (2009) Internet connection at home. The average total household consumption was €20,000, out of which housing consisted of about €5,500, transport about €3,000, food and beverages (excluding alcoholic beverages) at around €2,500, and recreation and culture at around €2,000. According to Invest in Finland, private consumption grew by 3% in 2006 and consumer trends included durables, high-quality products, and spending on well-being.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: In 2017, Finland's GDP reached €224  billion. However, the second quarter of 2018 saw slow economic growth. The unemployment rate fell to a near one-decade low in June, marking private consumption growth much higher.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Finland has the highest concentration of cooperatives relative to its population. The largest retailer, which is also the largest private employer, S-Group, and the largest bank, OP-Group, in the country are both cooperatives.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: The free and largely privately owned financial and physical Nordic energy markets traded in NASDAQ OMX Commodities Europe and Nord Pool Spot exchanges, have provided competitive prices compared with other EU countries. , Finland has roughly the lowest industrial electricity prices in the EU-15 (equal to France).

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Finland has four privately owned nuclear reactors producing 18% of the country's energy at the Otaniemi campus. The fifth AREVA-Siemens-built reactor – the world's largest at 1600 MWe and a focal point of Europe's nuclear industry – has faced many delays and is currently scheduled to be operational by June 2022, over 12 years after the original planned opening. A varying amount (5–17%) of electricity has been imported from Russia (at around 3-gigawatt power line capacity), Sweden and Norway.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: The Onkalo spent nuclear fuel repository is currently under construction at the Olkiluoto Nuclear Power Plant in the municipality of Eurajoki, on the west coast of Finland, by the company Posiva. The start of commercial operations for the completed reactor in Finland can lead to an increase of up to 20 TWh in EU nuclear power generation in 2022.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: In 2017, the Finnish economy was estimated to consist of approximately 2.7% agriculture, 28.2% manufacturing, and 69.1% services. In 2019, the per-capita income of Finland was estimated to be $48,869. In 2020, Finland was ranked 20th on the ease of doing business index, among 190 jurisdictions.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Finnish politicians have often emulated the Nordic model. Nordics have been free-trading and relatively welcoming to skilled migrants for over a century, though in Finland immigration is relatively new. The level of protection in commodity trade has been low, except for agricultural products.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Finland has top levels of economic freedom in many areas. Finland is ranked 16th in the 2008 global Index of Economic Freedom and ninth in Europe. While the manufacturing sector is thriving, the OECD points out that the service sector would benefit substantially from policy improvements.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: The 2007 IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook ranked Finland 17th most competitive. The World Economic Forum 2008 index ranked Finland the sixth most competitive. In both indicators, Finland's performance was next to Germany, and significantly higher than most European countries. In the Business competitiveness index 2007–2008 Finland ranked third in the world.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: In Finland, collective labour agreements are universally valid. These are drafted every few years for each profession and seniority level, with only a few jobs outside the system. The agreement becomes universally enforceable provided that more than 50% of the employees support it, in practice by being a member of a relevant trade union. The unionization rate is high (70%), especially in the middle class (AKAVA, mostly for university-educated professionals: 80%).

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Finland's immigrant population is growing. By 2035, the three largest cities in Finland are projected to have over a quarter of residents of a foreign-speaking background: in Helsinki, they are projected to form 26% of the population; in Espoo, 30%; and in Vantaa, 34%. The Helsinki region is projected to have 437,000 people of foreign linguistic backgrounds, compared to 201,000 in 2019.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Swedish is the native language of 5.2% of the population (Swedish-speaking Finns). Finnish is dominant in all the country's larger cities; though Helsinki, Turku, and Vaasa were once predominantly Swedish-speaking, they have undergone a language shift since the 19th century, getting a Finnish-speaking majority.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Finnish Romani is spoken by some 5,000–6,000 people; Romani and Finnish Sign Language are also recognized in the constitution. There are two sign languages: Finnish Sign Language, spoken natively by 4,000–5,000 people, and Finland-Swedish Sign Language, spoken natively by about 150 people. Tatar is spoken by a Finnish Tatar minority of about 800 people whose ancestors moved to Finland mainly during Russian rule from the 1870s to the 1920s.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: The Sámi languages have an official status in parts of Lapland, where the Sámi, numbering around 7,000, are recognized as an indigenous people. About a quarter of them speak a Sami language as their mother tongue. The Sami languages that are spoken in Finland are Northern Sami, Inari Sami, and Skolt Sami.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: The rights of minority groups (in particular Sami, Swedish speakers, and Romani people) are protected by the constitution.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: The largest immigrant languages are Russian (1.6%), Estonian (0.9%), Arabic (0.7%), English (0.5%) and Somali (0.4%).

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: English is studied by most pupils as a compulsory subject from the first grade (at seven years of age), formerly from the third or fifth grade, in the comprehensive school (in some schools other languages can be chosen instead), as a result of which Finns' English language skills have been significantly strengthened over several decades. German, French, Spanish and Russian can be studied as second foreign languages from the fourth grade (at 10 years of age; some schools may offer other options).

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: In 2016, 69.3% of Finnish children were baptized and 82.3% were confirmed in 2012 at the age of 15, and over 90% of the funerals are Christian. However, the majority of Lutherans attend church only for special occasions like Christmas ceremonies, weddings, and funerals. The Lutheran Church estimates that approximately 1.8% of its members attend church services weekly. The average number of church visits per year by church members is approximately two.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: According to a 2010 Eurobarometer poll, 33% of Finnish citizens responded that they "believe there is a God"; 42% answered that they "believe there is some sort of spirit or life force"; and 22% that they "do not believe there is any sort of spirit, God, or life force". According to ISSP survey data (2008), 8% consider themselves "highly religious", and 31% "moderately religious". In the same survey, 28% reported themselves as "agnostic" and 29% as "non-religious".

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: In the late 1960s, Finland had the highest death rates from coronary heart disease in the world. A long-term national public health program called the North Karelia Project was set up to tackle the problem. There is broad agreement that this effort blazed a trail as a populist public health success.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: There are 307 residents for each doctor. About 19% of health care is funded directly by households and 77% by taxation.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: In April 2012, Finland was ranked second in Gross National Happiness in a report published by The Earth Institute. Since 2012, Finland has every time ranked at least in the top 5 of world's happiest countries in the annual World Happiness Report by the United Nations, as well as ranking as the happiest country in 2018.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: More than 30% of tertiary graduates are in science-related fields. Forest improvement, materials research, environmental sciences, neural networks, low-temperature physics, brain research, biotechnology, genetic technology, and communications showcase fields of study where Finnish researchers have had a significant impact.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Finland is highly productive in scientific research. In 2005, Finland had the fourth most scientific publications per capita of the OECD countries. In 2007, 1,801 patents were filed in Finland.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: In addition, 38% of Finland's population has a university or college degree, which is among the highest percentages in the world.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: In 2010 a new law was enacted considering the universities, which defined that there are 16 of them were excluded from the public sector to be autonomous legal and financial entities, however, enjoying special status in the legislation. As a result, many former state institutions were driven to collect funding from private sector contributions and partnerships. The change caused deep-rooted discussions in the academic circles.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: The English language is important in Finnish education. Several degree programs are taught in English, which attracts thousands of degree and exchange students every year.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: In December 2017 the OECD reported that Finnish fathers spend an average of eight minutes a day more with their school-aged children than mothers do.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: The Finnish sauna culture was inscribed on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists at the 17 December 2020 meeting of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage. As authorized by the state, the Finnish Heritage Agency commits, together with Finnish sauna communities and promoters of the sauna culture, to safeguard the vitality of the sauna tradition and to highlight its importance as part of customs and wellbeing.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Much of Finland's classical music is influenced by traditional Karelian melodies and lyrics, as comprised in the "Kalevala". Karelian culture is perceived as the purest expression of the Finnic myths and beliefs, less influenced by Germanic influence than the Nordic folk dance music that largely replaced the kalevaic tradition. Finnish folk music has undergone a roots revival in recent decades and has become a part of popular music.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: The people of northern Finland, Sweden, and Norway, the Sami, are known primarily for highly spiritual songs called joik. The same word sometimes refers to lavlu or vuelie songs, though this is technically incorrect.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Many Finnish metal bands have gained international recognition; Finland has been often called the "Promised Land of Heavy Metal" because there are more than 50 metal Bands for every 100,000 inhabitants – more than any other nation in the world.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: In the film industry, notable directors include brothers Mika and Aki Kaurismäki, Dome Karukoski, Antti Jokinen, Jalmari Helander, Mauritz Stiller, Edvin Laine, Teuvo Tulio, Spede Pasanen, and Hollywood film director and producer Renny Harlin. Internationally well-known Finnish actors and actresses include Jasper Pääkkönen, Peter Franzén, Laura Birn, Irina Björklund, Samuli Edelmann, Krista Kosonen, Ville Virtanen and Joonas Suotamo. Around twelve feature films are made each year.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Although Finland's television offerings are largely known for their domestic dramas, such as the long-running soap opera series "Salatut elämät", there are also internationally known drama series, such as "" and "Bordertown". One of Finland's most internationally successful TV shows are the backpacking travel documentary series "Madventures" and the reality TV show "The Dudesons".

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Thanks to its emphasis on transparency and equal rights, Finland's press has been rated the freest in the world.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Today, there are around 200 newspapers, 320 popular magazines, 2,100 professional magazines, 67 commercial radio stations, three digital radio channels, and one nationwide and five national public service radio channels.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Yle, the Finnish Broadcasting Company, operates five television channels and thirteen radio channels in both national languages. Yle is funded through a mandatory television license and fees for private broadcasters. All TV channels are broadcast digitally, both terrestrially and on cable. The commercial television channel MTV3 and commercial radio channel Radio Nova are owned by Nordic Broadcasting (Bonnier and Proventus).

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Finnish foods often use wholemeal products (rye, barley, oats) and berries (such as bilberries, lingonberries, cloudberries, and sea buckthorn). Milk and its derivatives like buttermilk are commonly used as food, drink, or in various recipes. Various turnips were common in traditional cooking, but were replaced with the potato after its introduction in the 18th century.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: According to the statistics, red meat consumption has risen, but still, Finns eat less beef than many other nations, and more fish and poultry. This is mainly because of the high cost of meat in Finland.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Finland has the world's second highest per capita consumption of coffee. Milk consumption is also high, at an average of about , per person, per year, even though 17% of the Finns are lactose intolerant.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: In terms of medals and gold medals won per capita, Finland is the best-performing country in Olympic history. Finland first participated as a nation in its own right at the Olympic Games in 1908, while still an autonomous Grand Duchy within the Russian Empire. At the 1912 Summer Olympics, great pride was taken in the three gold medals won by the original "Flying Finn" Hannes Kolehmainen.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: For over 100 years, Finnish male and female athletes have consistently excelled at the javelin throw. The event has brought Finland nine Olympic gold medals, five world championships, five European championships, and 24 world records.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: The 1952 Summer Olympics were held in Helsinki. Other notable sporting events held in Finland include the 1983 and 2005 World Championships in Athletics.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Finland also has a notable history in figure skating. Finnish skaters have won 8 world championships and 13 junior world cups in synchronized skating, and Finland is considered one of the best countries in the sport.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Some of the most popular recreational sports and activities include floorball, Nordic walking, running, cycling, and skiing (alpine skiing, cross-country skiing, and ski jumping).

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Floorball, in terms of registered players, occupies third place after football and ice hockey. According to the Finnish Floorball Federation, floorball is the most popular school, youth, club, and workplace sport. , the total number of licensed players reaches 57,400.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Finland

Context: Especially since the 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup, Finland's national basketball team has received widespread public attention. More than 8,000 Finns travelled to Spain to support their team. Overall, they chartered more than 40 aeroplanes.

Question: Mikä on Suomen tilatuin sanomalehti vuonna 2018?


Lost (TV series)

Context: In the season finale, it is revealed that the funeral Jack went to in the "flash forwards" was that of John Locke, who had been seeking out the Oceanic Six in his efforts to convince them to return to the island.

Question: Kuinka monta jaksoa televisiosarjaa Lost valmistui kuuden tuotantokauden aikana?


Lost (TV series)

Context: Season 6, the final season, follows two timelines. In the first timeline, the survivors are sent to the present day, as the death of Jacob allows his brother, the Man in Black, the human alter-ego of the Smoke Monster, to take over the island. Having assumed the form of John Locke, the Smoke Monster seeks to escape the island and forces a final war between the forces of good and evil.

Question: Kuinka monta jaksoa televisiosarjaa Lost valmistui kuuden tuotantokauden aikana?


Lost (TV series)

Context: The series finale reveals that the flash-sideways timeline is actually a form of limbo in the afterlife, where some of the survivors and other characters from the island are reunited after death. In the last scene, the survivors are all reunited in a church where they "move on" together.

Question: Kuinka monta jaksoa televisiosarjaa Lost valmistui kuuden tuotantokauden aikana?


Lost (TV series)

Context: Of the 324 people on board Oceanic Flight 815, there are 70 initial survivors (as well as one dog) spread across the three sections of the plane crash. Although a large cast made "Lost" more expensive to produce, the writers benefited from added flexibility in story decisions. According to series executive producer Bryan Burk, "You can have more interactions between characters and create more diverse characters, more back stories, more love triangles."

Question: Kuinka monta jaksoa televisiosarjaa Lost valmistui kuuden tuotantokauden aikana?


Lost (TV series)

Context: "Lost" was produced by ABC Studios, Bad Robot Productions, and Grass Skirt Productions. Throughout its run, the executive producers of the series were Damon Lindelof, J. J. Abrams, Bryan Burk, Carlton Cuse, Jack Bender, Jeff Pinkner, Edward Kitsis, Adam Horowitz, Jean Higgins, and Elizabeth Sarnoff, with Lindelof and Cuse serving as showrunners.

Question: Kuinka monta jaksoa televisiosarjaa Lost valmistui kuuden tuotantokauden aikana?


Lost (TV series)

Context: During its six years of broadcasting, "Lost" developed an extensive collection of promotional tools ranging from the traditional promotions of the TV show made by the channel, to the creation of alternate reality games, such as the "Lost Experience". "Lost" showed innovation in the use of new advertising strategies in the sector and the transformation of the conventional devices used previously.

Question: Kuinka monta jaksoa televisiosarjaa Lost valmistui kuuden tuotantokauden aikana?


Lost (TV series)

Context: In 2010, Kristin dos Santos of E! Online ranked "Lost" the best TV series of the past 20 years. In 2013, the Writers Guild of America ranked "Lost" No. 27 in its list of the 101 Best Written TV Series of All Time. In 2014, the series was nominated for the TCA Heritage Award. In 2016, "Rolling Stone" ranked it the fourteenth best science fiction television show ever.

Question: Kuinka monta jaksoa televisiosarjaa Lost valmistui kuuden tuotantokauden aikana?


Lost (TV series)

Context: In addition to traditional terrestrial and satellite television, "Lost" is available from various online subscription services, including Amazon Prime Video, Hulu, and on Disney+ outside of the US via Star. It was one of the first series issued through Apple's iTunes Store beginning in October 2005. On August 29, 2007, "Lost" became one of the first TV programs available for download in the UK iTunes Store.

Question: Kuinka monta jaksoa televisiosarjaa Lost valmistui kuuden tuotantokauden aikana?


Lost (TV series)

Context: The third season was released under the title "Lost: The Complete Third Season – The Unexplored Experience" on DVD and Blu-ray in Region 1 on December 11, 2007. As with seasons 1 and 2, the third season release includes audio commentaries with the cast and crew, bonus featurettes, deleted scenes, and bloopers. The third season was released in Region 2 solely on DVD on October 22, 2007, though this time, only as a complete set, unlike previous seasons.

Question: Kuinka monta jaksoa televisiosarjaa Lost valmistui kuuden tuotantokauden aikana?


Lost (TV series)

Context: The fourth season was released as "Lost: The Complete Fourth Season – The Expanded Experience" in Region 1 on December 9, 2008, on both DVD and Blu-ray Disc. It was released on DVD in Region 2 on October 20, 2008. The set includes audio commentaries, deleted scenes, bloopers, and bonus featurettes.

Question: Kuinka monta jaksoa televisiosarjaa Lost valmistui kuuden tuotantokauden aikana?


Lost (TV series)

Context: The first three seasons of "Lost" have sold successfully on DVD. The season 1 box set entered the DVD sales chart at number two in September 2005, and the season 2 box set entered the DVD sales chart at the number one position in its first week of release in September 2006, believed to be the second TV-DVD ever to enter the chart at the top spot. The season 3 box set sold over 1,000,000 copies in three weeks.

Question: Kuinka monta jaksoa televisiosarjaa Lost valmistui kuuden tuotantokauden aikana?


Lost (TV series)

Context: Both the season 6 box set and the complete series collection contained a 12-minute epilogue-like bonus feature called "The New Man in Charge". The season 6 DVD set entered the DVD sales chart at the number one position in its first week of release in September 2010 boasting strong sales in the DVD and Blu-ray format for the regular season set as well as for the series box set.

Question: Kuinka monta jaksoa televisiosarjaa Lost valmistui kuuden tuotantokauden aikana?


Lost (TV series)

Context: The foray into the online realm culminated in the "Lost Experience", an Internet-based alternate reality game produced by Channel 7 (Australia), ABC (America), and Channel Four (UK), which began in early May 2006. The game presents a five-phase parallel storyline, primarily involving the Hanso Foundation.

Question: Kuinka monta jaksoa televisiosarjaa Lost valmistui kuuden tuotantokauden aikana?


Lost (TV series)

Context: Short mini-episodes ("mobisodes") called the "Lost Video Diaries" were scheduled for viewing by Verizon Wireless subscribers via its V-Cast system but were delayed by contract disputes. The mobisodes were renamed " and aired from November 7, 2007, to January 28, 2008.

Question: Kuinka monta jaksoa televisiosarjaa Lost valmistui kuuden tuotantokauden aikana?


Sense

Context: One way to classify receptors is based on their location relative to the stimuli. An exteroceptor is a receptor that is located near a stimulus of the external environment, such as the somatosensory receptors that are located in the skin. An interoceptor is one that interprets stimuli from internal organs and tissues, such as the receptors that sense the increase in blood pressure in the aorta or carotid sinus.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Differential threshold or just noticeable difference (JDS) is the smallest detectable difference between two stimuli, or the smallest difference in stimuli that can be judged to be different from each other. Weber's Law is an empirical law that states that the difference threshold is a constant fraction of the comparison stimulus. According to Weber's Law, bigger stimuli require larger differences to be noticed.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Magnitude estimation is a psychophysical method in which subjects assign perceived values of given stimuli. The relationship between stimulus intensity and perceptive intensity is described by Steven's power law.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: When a stimulus is constant and unchanging, perceptual sensory adaptation occurs. During this process, the subject becomes less sensitive to the stimulus.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Biological auditory (hearing), vestibular and spatial, and visual systems (vision) appear to break down real-world complex stimuli into sine wave components, through the mathematical process called Fourier analysis. Many neurons have a strong preference for certain sine frequency components in contrast to others. The way that simpler sounds and images are encoded during sensation can provide insight into how perception of real-world objects happens.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Perceptual experience is often multimodal. Multimodality integrates different senses into one unified perceptual experience. Information from one sense has the potential to influence how information from another is perceived. Multimodal perception is qualitatively different from unimodal perception. There has been a growing body of evidence since the mid-1990s on the neural correlates of multimodal perception.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Humans respond more strongly to multimodal stimuli compared to the sum of each single modality together, an effect called the "superadditive effect of multisensory integration". Neurons that respond to both visual and auditory stimuli have been identified in the superior temporal sulcus. Additionally, multimodal "what" and "where" pathways have been proposed for auditory and tactile stimuli.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: The visual system, or sense of sight, is based on the transduction of light stimuli received through the eyes and contributes to visual perception. The visual system detects light on photoreceptors in the retina of each eye that generates electrical nerve impulses for the perception of varying colors and brightness. There are two types of photoreceptors: rods and cones. Rods are very sensitive to light but do not distinguish colors. Cones distinguish colors but are less sensitive to dim light.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: On February 14, 2013, researchers developed a neural implant that gives rats the ability to sense infrared light which for the first time provides living creatures with new abilities, instead of simply replacing or augmenting existing abilities.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: According to Gestalt Psychology, people perceive the whole of something even if it is not there. The Gestalt's Law of Organization states that people have seven factors that help to group what is seen into patterns or groups: Common Fate, Similarity, Proximity, Closure, Symmetry, Continuity, and Past Experience.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: The Law of Common fate says that objects are led along the smoothest path. People follow the trend of motion as the lines/dots flow.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: The Law of Similarity refers to the grouping of images or objects that are similar to each other in some aspect. This could be due to shade, colour, size, shape, or other qualities you could distinguish.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: The Law of Proximity states that our minds like to group based on how close objects are to each other. We may see 42 objects in a group, but we can also perceive three groups of two lines with seven objects in each line.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: The Law of Closure is the idea that we as humans still see a full picture even if there are gaps within that picture. There could be gaps or parts missing from a section of a shape, but we would still perceive the shape as whole.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: The Law of Symmetry refers to a person's preference to see symmetry around a central point. An example would be when we use parentheses in writing. We tend to perceive all of the words in the parentheses as one section instead of individual words within the parentheses.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: The Law of Continuity tells us that objects are grouped together by their elements and then perceived as a whole. This usually happens when we see overlapping objects. We will see the overlapping objects with no interruptions.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: The Law of Past Experience refers to the tendency humans have to categorize objects according to past experiences under certain circumstances. If two objects are usually perceived together or within close proximity of each other the Law of Past Experience is usually seen.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Studies pertaining to Audition started to increase in number towards the latter end of the nineteenth century. During this time, many laboratories in the United States began to create new models, diagrams, and instruments that all pertained to the ear.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: There is a branch of Cognitive Psychology dedicated strictly to Audition. They call it Auditory Cognitive Psychology. The main point is to understand why humans are able to use sound in thinking outside of actually saying it.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Relating to Auditory Cognitive Psychology is Psychoacoustics. Psychoacoustics is more pointed to people interested in music. Haptics, a word used to refer to both taction and kinesthesia, has many parallels with psychoacoustics. Most research around these two are focused on the instrument, the listener, and the player of the instrument.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: The heat receptors are sensitive to infrared radiation and can occur in specialized organs, for instance in pit vipers. The thermoceptors in the skin are quite different from the homeostatic thermoceptors in the brain (hypothalamus), which provide feedback on internal body temperature.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: The gustatory system or the sense of taste is the sensory system that is partially responsible for the perception of taste (flavor). A few recognized submodalities exist within taste: sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and umami. Very recent research has suggested that there may also be a sixth taste submodality for fats, or lipids. The sense of taste is often confused with the perception of flavor, which is the results of the multimodal integration of gustatory (taste) and olfactory (smell) sensations.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Within the structure of the lingual papillae are taste buds that contain specialized gustatory receptor cells for the transduction of taste stimuli. These receptor cells are sensitive to the chemicals contained within foods that are ingested, and they release neurotransmitters based on the amount of the chemical in the food. Neurotransmitters from the gustatory cells can activate sensory neurons in the facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus cranial nerves.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Flavor depends on odor, texture, and temperature as well as on taste. Humans receive tastes through sensory organs called taste buds, or gustatory calyculi, concentrated on the upper surface of the tongue. Other tastes such as calcium and free fatty acids may also be basic tastes but have yet to receive widespread acceptance. The inability to taste is called ageusia.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: There is a rare phenomenon when it comes to the Gustatory sense. It is called Lexical-Gustatory Synesthesia. Lexical-Gustatory Synesthesia is when people can "taste" words. They have reported having flavor sensations they aren't actually eating. When they read words, hear words, or even imagine words. They have reported not only simple flavors, but textures, complex flavors, and temperatures as well.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Like the sense of taste, the sense of smell, or the olfactiory system, is also responsive to chemical stimuli. Unlike taste, there are hundreds of olfactory receptors (388 functional ones according to one 2003 study), each binding to a particular molecular feature. Odor molecules possess a variety of features and, thus, excite specific receptors more or less strongly. This combination of excitatory signals from different receptors makes up what humans perceive as the molecule's smell.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Causes of Olfactory dysfunction can be caused by age, exposure to toxic chemicals, viral infections, epilepsy, some sort of neurodegenerative disease, head trauma, or as a result of another disorder. [5]

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: An internal sensation and perception also known as interoception is "any sense that is normally stimulated from within the body". These involve numerous sensory receptors in internal organs. Interoception is thought to be atypical in clinical conditions such as alexithymia.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Other living organisms have receptors to sense the world around them, including many of the senses listed above for humans. However, the mechanisms and capabilities vary widely.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Flies and butterflies have taste organs on their feet, allowing them to taste anything they land on. Catfish have taste organs across their entire bodies, and can taste anything they touch, including chemicals in the water.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Cats have the ability to see in low light, which is due to muscles surrounding their irides–which contract and expand their pupils–as well as to the tapetum lucidum, a reflective membrane that optimizes the image.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Many invertebrates have a statocyst, which is a sensor for acceleration and orientation that works very differently from the mammalian's semi-circular canals.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Blind people report they are able to navigate and in some cases identify an object by interpreting reflected sounds (especially their own footsteps), a phenomenon known as human echolocation.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: The only orders of mammals that are known to demonstrate electroception are the dolphin and monotreme orders. Among these mammals, the platypus has the most acute sense of electroception.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: A dolphin can detect electric fields in water using electroreceptors in vibrissal crypts arrayed in pairs on its snout and which evolved from whisker motion sensors. These electroreceptors can detect electric fields as weak as 4.6 microvolts per centimeter, such as those generated by contracting muscles and pumping gills of potential prey. This permits the dolphin to locate prey from the seafloor where sediment limits visibility and echolocation.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Spiders have been shown to detect electric fields to determine a suitable time to extend web for 'ballooning'.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Pressure detection uses the organ of Weber, a system consisting of three appendages of vertebrae transferring changes in shape of the gas bladder to the middle ear. It can be used to regulate the buoyancy of the fish. Fish like the weather fish and other loaches are also known to respond to low pressure areas but they lack a swim bladder.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Current detection is a detection system of water currents, consisting mostly of vortices, found in the lateral line of fish and aquatic forms of amphibians. The lateral line is also sensitive to low-frequency vibrations. The mechanoreceptors are hair cells, the same mechanoreceptors for vestibular sense and hearing. It is used primarily for navigation, hunting, and schooling. The receptors of the electrical sense are modified hair cells of the lateral line system.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Polarized light direction/detection is used by bees to orient themselves, especially on cloudy days. Cuttlefish, some beetles, and mantis shrimp can also perceive the polarization of light. Most sighted humans can in fact learn to roughly detect large areas of polarization by an effect called Haidinger's brush; however, this is considered an entoptic phenomenon rather than a separate sense.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Slit sensillae of spiders detect mechanical strain in the exoskeleton, providing information on force and vibrations.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: However, plants can perceive the world around them, and might be able to emit airborne sounds similar to "screaming" when stressed. Those noises could not be detectable by human ears, but organisms with a hearing range that can hear ultrasonic frequencies—like mice, bats or perhaps other plants—could hear the plants' cries from as far as away.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: Machine perception is the capability of a computer system to interpret data in a manner that is similar to the way humans use their senses to relate to the world around them. Computers take in and respond to their environment through attached hardware. Until recently, input was limited to a keyboard, joystick or a mouse, but advances in technology, both in hardware and software, have allowed computers to take in sensory input in a way similar to humans.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: In the time of William Shakespeare, there were commonly reckoned to be five wits or five senses. At that time, the words "sense" and "wit" were synonyms, so the senses were known as the five outward wits. This traditional concept of five senses is common today.

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


Sense

Context: The traditional five senses are enumerated as the "five material faculties" ("") in Hindu literature. They appear in allegorical representation as early as in the Katha Upanishad (roughly 6th century BC), as five horses drawing the "chariot" of the body, guided by the mind as "chariot driver".

Question: Montako astia ihmisellä on?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: In 2020, Nintendo revealed that they were going to unify all four of their buildings in Tokyo into just one. With this, several divisions and affiliated companies came to be together in the same building, including Game Freak, Nintendo's subsidiary 1-Up Studio and after 13 years, HAL Laboratory with its Tokyo studio and headquarters.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: Beginning in 2021, it was revealed Nintendo was planning to expand internal operations by renting an adjacent upcoming city facility and building a new development office next to the already existing Kyoto Research Institute. In April 2022, it was revealed Nintendo had acquired adjacent land to their headquarters, with plans to construct another development office there to open in 2027.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: The Nintendo Entertainment Planning & Development division was created on 16 September 2015, as part of a company-wide organizational restructure that took place under Nintendo's then newly appointed president, Tatsumi Kimishima. The division was created after the merger of two of its largest divisions, Entertainment Analysis & Development (EAD) and Software Planning & Development (SPD).

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: The new division assumed both of its predecessors' roles. Ko Shiota, formerly Deputy general manager of the IRD division, serves as the general manager (GM), while Takeshi Shimada, formerly Deputy general manager of the Software Environment Development Department of the SDD division, serves the same role.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: The Nintendo Business Development division was formed following Nintendo's foray into software development for smart devices, such as mobile phones and tablets. They are responsible for refining Nintendo's business model for dedicated game system business, and for furthering Nintendo's venture into development for smart devices.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: Although most of the research and development is done in Japan, there are also R&D facilities in the United States, Europe and China.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: Nintendo Software Technology Corp. (or NST) is an American video game developer located inside of Nintendo of America's headquarters in Redmond, Washington. The studio was created by Nintendo as a first-party developer to create games for the North American market, though their games have also been released in other territories such as Europe and Japan, exclusively for Nintendo consoles.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: The studio's best known projects include the "Mario vs. Donkey Kong" series, "Crosswords" series, "Wii Street U" and other video games and applications.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: Nintendo European Research & Development SAS (or NERD), formerly known as Mobiclip, is a Nintendo subsidiary, located in Paris, France. The team currently focuses on developing software technologies, such as video compression, and middleware for Nintendo platforms. While an independent company, Mobiclip was responsible for licensing video codecs for Sony Pictures Digital, Fisher-Price and Nintendo for the Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, Wii and Nintendo 3DS.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: The team has recently been involved in the development of the Wii U Chat application, in co-operation with Vidyo.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: Most external first-party software development is done in Japan, since the only overseas subsidiaries are Retro Studios in the United States and Next Level Games in Canada. Although these studios are all subsidiaries of Nintendo, they are often referred to as external resources when being involved in joint development processes with Nintendo's internal developers by the Nintendo Software Planning & Development division.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: , formerly , is a Japanese Nintendo-funded and owned video game development studio opened on 30 June 2000 and based in Tokyo, Japan. On 1 February 2013, Brownie Brown announced on their official website that due to their recent co-development efforts with Nintendo, Brownie Brown are undergoing a change in internal structure, which includes changing the name of their company to 1-Up Studio.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: The studio is known for the development of the "Magical Vacation" series, "Mother 3" and "A Kappa's Trail". Since 2013, it stands as a development support studio for Nintendo EPD.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: Originally a Chinese joint venture between its founder, Wei Yen, and Nintendo, manufactures and distributes official Nintendo consoles and games for the mainland Chinese market, under the iQue brand. The product lineup for the Chinese market is considerably different from that for other markets. For example, Nintendo's only console in China is the iQue Player, a modified version of the Nintendo 64. In 2013, the company became a fully owned subsidiary of Nintendo.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: It became a translation and localization company for simplified Chinese since 2016 for Nintendo games. In 2018, it stopped to be a manufacturer for consoles at China and in 2019 began to hire programmers and testers to transition to be a supporting development company for Nintendo EPD.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: Originally a team within Nintendo itself, Mario Club Co., Ltd. was separated into a subsidiary in July 2009. The studio handles testing, quality control and debugging for Nintendo published titles.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: Monolith Soft's "Tokyo Software Development Studio" is usually associated with the "Xeno" series, the" " series and "", while its "Kyoto Software Development Studio" is currently a development co-operation studio.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: The company is currently best known for the "Wii Party" series and for taking over the "Mario Party" series, after Hudson Soft was absorbed into Konami.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: Next Level Games is a Canadian video game developer based in Vancouver. The company has been working with Nintendo since 2005 with "Super Mario Strikers", while since 2014, the company began to work exclusively under contract with Nintendo. In January 2021, Nintendo revealed they had purchased Next Level Games, after over a decade working with the developer per contract basis and 6 years having them working exclusively.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: Next Level Games has worked on the two most recent entries in the "Luigi's Mansion" series, the "Mario Strikers" series, "Punch-Out!!" for the Wii, and "" for the Nintendo 3DS.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


List of Nintendo development teams

Context: Retro Studios is now one of the most renowned Nintendo first-party developers thanks to the development of the "" series, assisting in "Mario Kart 7", and for reviving the "Donkey Kong Country" series.

Question: Missä on Nintendon pääkonttori?


Flag of Nigeria

Context: The flag of the Federal Republic of Nigeria was designed in 1959 and first officially hoisted on 1 October 1960.

Question: Kuinka monta väriä on Nigerian lipussa?


Mannerheim Cross

Context: The Mannerheim Cross of Liberty (Finnish: "Mannerheim-risti," Swedish: "Mannerheimkorset") is the most distinguished Finnish military honour.

Question: Miten Mannerheim-ristin voi ansaita?


Mannerheim Cross

Context: "De jure" the honour is still active and can be awarded to any Finnish soldier, although it is highly unlikely that this would be done during peacetime or even in a minor conflict (Decree 550/1946 on the Order of the Cross of Liberty). Within the order of precedence of Finnish awards, the Mannerheim Cross 1st Class ranks 5th and the Mannerheim Cross 2nd Class ranks 9th. Like the crosses of the Order of the Cross of Liberty, the design of the Mannerheim Cross displays the Old-Scandinavian Fylfot.

Question: Miten Mannerheim-ristin voi ansaita?


Mannerheim Cross

Context: The Mannerheim Cross 1st Class has only been awarded twice (see below), but no special requirements differing from 2nd class were laid out for it.

Question: Miten Mannerheim-ristin voi ansaita?


Mannerheim Cross

Context: The only recipients of the Mannerheim Cross 1st Class are its namesake, Field Marshal C. G. E. Mannerheim, and General of Infantry Erik Heinrichs. Mannerheim thought it was somewhat odd for him to carry a decoration that was named after him, but decided to receive the Cross from President of the Republic Risto Ryti after all the previous awardees had requested him to accept it.

Question: Miten Mannerheim-ristin voi ansaita?


Mannerheim Cross

Context: The Mannerheim Cross 2nd Class has been awarded to 191 persons, all during World War II. The first private to be awarded the cross was Vilho Rättö, for destroying four enemy tanks with an anti-tank gun taken from the enemy. Four persons have been awarded the Mannerheim Cross 2nd Class twice. Tuomas Gerdt, the last Knight of the Mannerheim Cross, died on 1 November 2020.

Question: Miten Mannerheim-ristin voi ansaita?


Mannerheim Cross

Context: Starting from the presidency of Martti Ahtisaari, all surviving recipients of the Mannerheim Cross were invited annually on 6 December to Finland's Independence Day Reception. By tradition they were the first guests to enter and greet the president.

Question: Miten Mannerheim-ristin voi ansaita?


Human brain

Context: In culture, the philosophy of mind has for centuries attempted to address the question of the nature of consciousness and the mind–body problem. The pseudoscience of phrenology attempted to localise personality attributes to regions of the cortex in the 19th century. In science fiction, brain transplants are imagined in tales such as the 1942 "Donovan's Brain".

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The adult human brain weighs on average about which is about 2% of the total body weight, with a volume of around 1260 cm3 in men and 1130 cm3 in women. There is substantial individual variation, with the standard reference range for men being and for women .

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The brainstem, resembling a stalk, attaches to and leaves the cerebrum at the start of the midbrain area. The brainstem includes the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla oblongata. Behind the brainstem is the cerebellum ().

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The living brain is very soft, having a gel-like consistency similar to soft tofu. The cortical layers of neurons constitute much of the cerebral grey matter, while the deeper subcortical regions of myelinated axons, make up the white matter. The white matter of the brain makes up about half of the total brain volume.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain, and is divided into nearly symmetrical left and right hemispheres by a deep groove, the longitudinal fissure. Asymmetry between the lobes is noted as a petalia. The hemispheres are connected by five commissures that span the longitudinal fissure, the largest of these is the corpus callosum.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The outer part of the cerebrum is the cerebral cortex, made up of grey matter arranged in layers. It is thick, and deeply folded to give a convoluted appearance. Beneath the cortex is the cerebral white matter. The largest part of the cerebral cortex is the neocortex, which has six neuronal layers. The rest of the cortex is of allocortex, which has three or four layers.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The cerebrum contains the ventricles where the cerebrospinal fluid is produced and circulated. Below the corpus callosum is the septum pellucidum, a membrane that separates the lateral ventricles. Beneath the lateral ventricles is the thalamus and to the front and below this is the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus leads on to the pituitary gland. At the back of the thalamus is the brainstem.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Below and in front of the striatum are a number of basal forebrain structures. These include the nucleus basalis, diagonal band of Broca, substantia innominata, and the medial septal nucleus. These structures are important in producing the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, which is then distributed widely throughout the brain. The basal forebrain, in particular the nucleus basalis, is considered to be the major cholinergic output of the central nervous system to the striatum and neocortex.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The cerebellum is divided into an anterior lobe, a posterior lobe, and the flocculonodular lobe. The anterior and posterior lobes are connected in the middle by the vermis. Compared to the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum has a much thinner outer cortex that is narrowly furrowed into numerous curved transverse fissures.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Viewed from underneath between the two lobes is the third lobe the flocculonodular lobe. The cerebellum rests at the back of the cranial cavity, lying beneath the occipital lobes, and is separated from these by the cerebellar tentorium, a sheet of fibre.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The brainstem lies beneath the cerebrum and consists of the midbrain, pons and medulla. It lies in the back part of the skull, resting on the part of the base known as the clivus, and ends at the foramen magnum, a large opening in the occipital bone. The brainstem continues below this as the spinal cord, protected by the vertebral column.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Some 400 genes are shown to be brain-specific. In all neurons, ELAVL3 is expressed, and in pyramidal neurons, NRGN and REEP2 are also expressed. GAD1 – essential for the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitter GABA – is expressed in interneurons. Proteins expressed in glial cells include astrocyte markers GFAP and S100B whereas myelin basic protein and the transcription factor OLIG2 are expressed in oligodendrocytes.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: At any one time, there is about 150mL of cerebrospinal fluid – most within the subarachnoid space. It is constantly being regenerated and absorbed, and is replaced about once every 5–6 hours.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: A glymphatic system has been described as the lymphatic drainage system of the brain. The brain-wide glymphatic pathway includes drainage routes from the cerebrospinal fluid, and from the meningeal lymphatic vessels that are associated with the dural sinuses, and run alongside the cerebral blood vessels. The pathway drains interstitial fluid from the tissue of the brain.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The internal carotid arteries supply oxygenated blood to the front of the brain and the vertebral arteries supply blood to the back of the brain. These two circulations join in the circle of Willis, a ring of connected arteries that lies in the interpeduncular cistern between the midbrain and pons.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The blood in the deep part of the brain drains, through a venous plexus into the cavernous sinus at the front, and the superior and inferior petrosal sinuses at the sides, and the inferior sagittal sinus at the back. Blood drains from the outer brain into the large superior sagittal sinus, which rests in the midline on top of the brain. Blood from here joins with blood from the straight sinus at the confluence of sinuses.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Blood from here drains into the left and right transverse sinuses. These then drain into the sigmoid sinuses, which receive blood from the cavernous sinus and superior and inferior petrosal sinuses. The sigmoid drains into the large internal jugular veins.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: At the beginning of the third week of development, the embryonic ectoderm forms a thickened strip called the neural plate. By the fourth week of development the neural plate has widened to give a broad cephalic end, a less broad middle part and a narrow caudal end. These swellings are known as the primary brain vesicles and represent the beginnings of the forebrain (prosencephalon), midbrain (mesencephalon), and hindbrain (rhombencephalon).

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The tube flexes as it grows, forming the crescent-shaped cerebral hemispheres at the head. The cerebral hemispheres first appear on day 32.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The sensory nervous system is involved with the reception and processing of sensory information. This information is received through the cranial nerves, through tracts in the spinal cord, and directly at centres of the brain exposed to the blood. The brain also receives and interprets information from the special senses of vision, smell, hearing, and taste. Mixed motor and sensory signals are also integrated.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Vision is generated by light that hits the retina of the eye. Photoreceptors in the retina transduce the sensory stimulus of light into an electrical nerve signal that is sent to the visual cortex in the occipital lobe. Visual signals leave the retinas through the optic nerves.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Optic nerve fibres from the retinas' nasal halves cross to the opposite sides joining the fibres from the temporal halves of the opposite retinas to form the optic tracts.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The arrangements of the eyes' optics and the visual pathways mean vision from the left visual field is received by the right half of each retina, is processed by the right visual cortex, and vice versa.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The optic tract fibres reach the brain at the lateral geniculate nucleus, and travel through the optic radiation to reach the visual cortex.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Hearing and balance are both generated in the inner ear. Sound results in vibrations of the ossicles which continue finally to the hearing organ, and change in balance results in movement of liquids within the inner ear. This creates a nerve signal that passes through the vestibulocochlear nerve. From here, it passes through to the cochlear nuclei, the superior olivary nucleus, the medial geniculate nucleus, and finally the auditory radiation to the auditory cortex.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The sense of smell is generated by receptor cells in the epithelium of the olfactory mucosa in the nasal cavity. This information passes via the olfactory nerve which goes into the skull through a relatively permeable part. This nerve transmits to the neural circuitry of the olfactory bulb from where information is passed to the olfactory cortex.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Taste is generated from receptors on the tongue and passed along the facial and glossopharyngeal nerves into the solitary nucleus in the brainstem. Some taste information is also passed from the pharynx into this area via the vagus nerve. Information is then passed from here through the thalamus into the gustatory cortex.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Autonomic functions of the brain include the regulation, or rhythmic control of the heart rate and rate of breathing, and maintaining homeostasis.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: While language functions were traditionally thought to be localized to Wernicke's area and Broca's area, it is now mostly accepted that a wider network of cortical regions contributes to language functions.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The study on how language is represented, processed, and acquired by the brain is called neurolinguistics, which is a large multidisciplinary field drawing from cognitive neuroscience, cognitive linguistics, and psycholinguistics.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The prefrontal cortex plays a significant role in mediating executive functions. Planning involves activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), anterior cingulate cortex, angular prefrontal cortex, right prefrontal cortex, and supramarginal gyrus. Working memory manipulation involves the DLPFC, inferior frontal gyrus, and areas of the parietal cortex. Inhibitory control involves multiple areas of the prefrontal cortex, as well as the caudate nucleus and subthalamic nucleus.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The function of sleep is not fully understood; however, there is evidence that sleep enhances the clearance of metabolic waste products, some of which are potentially neurotoxic, from the brain and may also permit repair. Evidence suggests that the increased clearance of metabolic waste during sleep occurs via increased functioning of the glymphatic system. Sleep may also have an effect on cognitive function by weakening unnecessary connections.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The brain is not fully understood, and research is ongoing. Neuroscientists, along with researchers from allied disciplines, study how the human brain works. The boundaries between the specialties of neuroscience, neurology and other disciplines such as psychiatry have faded as they are all influenced by basic research in neuroscience.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Neuroscience research has expanded considerably in recent decades. The "Decade of the Brain", an initiative of the United States Government in the 1990s, is considered to have marked much of this increase in research, and was followed in 2013 by the BRAIN Initiative. The Human Connectome Project was a five-year study launched in 2009 to analyse the anatomical and functional connections of parts of the brain, and has provided much data.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The development of cerebral organoids has opened ways for studying the growth of the brain, and of the cortex, and for understanding disease development, offering further implications for therapeutic applications.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: looks at the interaction of brain regions whilst the brain is not performing a specific task. This is also used to show the default mode network.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Any electrical current generates a magnetic field; neural oscillations induce weak magnetic fields, and in functional magnetoencephalography the current produced can show localised brain function in high resolution. Tractography uses MRI and image analysis to create 3D images of the nerve tracts of the brain. Connectograms give a graphical representation of the neural connections of the brain.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Differences in brain structure can be measured in some disorders, notably schizophrenia and dementia. Different biological approaches using imaging have given more insight for example into the disorders of depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. A key source of information about the function of brain regions is the effects of damage to them.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Advances in neuroimaging have enabled objective insights into mental disorders, leading to faster diagnosis, more accurate prognosis, and better monitoring.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Bioinformatics is a field of study that includes the creation and advancement of databases, and computational and statistical techniques, that can be used in studies of the human brain, particularly in the areas of gene and protein expression. Bioinformatics and studies in genomics, and functional genomics, generated the need for DNA annotation, a transcriptome technology, identifying genes, their locations and functions. GeneCards is a major database.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Other related studies have also shown evidence of synaptic alterations and their loss, in the ageing brain. Changes in gene expression alter the levels of proteins in various neural pathways and this has been shown to be evident in synaptic contact dysfunction or loss. This dysfunction has been seen to affect many structures of the brain and has a marked effect on inhibitory neurons resulting in a decreased level of neurotransmission, and subsequent cognitive decline and disease.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The brain, although protected by the blood–brain barrier, can be affected by infections including viruses, bacteria and fungi. Infection may be of the meninges (meningitis), the brain matter (encephalitis), or within the brain matter (such as a cerebral abscess). Rare prion diseases including Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease and its variant, and kuru may also affect the brain.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Mental disorders, such as depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, Tourette syndrome, and addiction, are known to relate to the functioning of the brain. Treatment for mental disorders may include psychotherapy, psychiatry, social intervention and personal recovery work or cognitive behavioural therapy; the underlying issues and associated prognoses vary significantly between individuals.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Some brain disorders such as Tay–Sachs disease are congenital, and linked to genetic and chromosomal mutations. A rare group of congenital cephalic disorders known as lissencephaly is characterised by the lack of, or inadequacy of, cortical folding. Normal development of the brain can be affected during pregnancy by nutritional deficiencies, teratogens, infectious diseases, and by the use of recreational drugs, including alcohol (which may result in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders).

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: When brain death is suspected, reversible differential diagnoses such as, electrolyte, neurological and drug-related cognitive suppression need to be excluded. Testing for reflexes can be of help in the decision, as can the absence of response and breathing. Clinical observations, including a total lack of responsiveness, a known diagnosis, and neural imaging evidence, may all play a role in the decision to pronounce brain death.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Neuroanthropology is the study of the relationship between culture and the brain. It explores how the brain gives rise to culture, and how culture influences brain development. Cultural differences and their relation to brain development and structure are researched in different fields.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The size of the brain and a person's intelligence are not strongly related. Studies tend to indicate small to moderate correlations (averaging around 0.3 to 0.4) between brain volume and IQ. The most consistent associations are observed within the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes, the hippocampi, and the cerebellum, but these only account for a relatively small amount of variance in IQ, which itself has only a partial relationship to general intelligence and real-world performance.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Other animals, including whales and elephants have larger brains than humans. However, when the brain-to-body mass ratio is taken into account, the human brain is almost twice as large as that of a bottlenose dolphin, and three times as large as that of a chimpanzee. However, a high ratio does not of itself demonstrate intelligence: very small animals have high ratios and the treeshrew has the largest quotient of any mammal.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Earlier ideas about the relative importance of the different organs of the human body sometimes emphasized the heart.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Historically, particularly in the early-19th century, the brain featured in popular culture through phrenology, a pseudoscience that assigned personality attributes to different regions of the cortex. The cortex remains important in popular culture as covered in books and satire.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The human brain can feature in science fiction, with themes such as brain transplants and cyborgs (beings with features like partly artificial brains). The 1942 science-fiction book (adapted three times for the cinema) "Donovan's Brain" tells the tale of an isolated brain kept alive "in vitro", gradually taking over the personality of the book's protagonist.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The Edwin Smith Papyrus, an ancient Egyptian medical treatise written in the 17th century BC, contains the earliest recorded reference to the brain. The hieroglyph for brain, occurring eight times in this papyrus, describes the symptoms, diagnosis, and prognosis of two traumatic injuries to the head. The papyrus mentions the external surface of the brain, the effects of injury (including seizures and aphasia), the meninges, and cerebrospinal fluid.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: René Descartes proposed the theory of dualism to tackle the issue of the brain's relation to the mind. He suggested that the pineal gland was where the mind interacted with the body, serving as the seat of the soul and as the connection through which animal spirits passed from the blood into the brain. This dualism likely provided impetus for later anatomists to further explore the relationship between the anatomical and functional aspects of brain anatomy.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: Harvey Cushing (1869–1939) is recognised as the first proficient brain surgeon in the world. In 1937, Walter Dandy began the practice of vascular neurosurgery by performing the first surgical clipping of an intracranial aneurysm.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: The human brain has many properties that are common to all vertebrate brains. Many of its features are common to all mammalian brains, most notably a six-layered cerebral cortex and a set of associated structures, including the hippocampus and amygdala. The cortex is proportionally larger in humans than in many other mammals. Humans have more association cortex, sensory and motor parts than smaller mammals such as the rat and the cat.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Human brain

Context: As a primate brain, the human brain has a much larger cerebral cortex, in proportion to body size, than most mammals, and a highly developed visual system.

Question: Montako osaa ihmisen aivoissa on?


Keke Rosberg

Context: Keijo Erik Rosberg (born 6 December 1948), known as "Keke" (), is a Finnish former racing driver and winner of the Formula One World Championship. He was the first Finnish driver to compete regularly in the series, as well as the first Finnish champion. He is the father of 2016 Formula One World Champion Nico Rosberg.

Question: Minä vuonna Keijo Rosberg voitti viimeisen F1-sarjan osakilpailun?


Keke Rosberg

Context: Rosberg was born on 6 December 1948 in Solna, Sweden, where his father studied veterinary science. Rosberg's father Lars Rosberg and mother Lea Lautala were both natives of Hamina, Finland. The family moved back to Finland in the spring of 1950, originally settling in Lapinjärvi and later moving to Hamina, Oulu and Iisalmi.

Question: Minä vuonna Keijo Rosberg voitti viimeisen F1-sarjan osakilpailun?


Keke Rosberg

Context: Despite this, Williams was interested in Rosberg, with the retirement of World Champion Alan Jones leaving a seat open for the 1982 season. Given a competitive car, Rosberg had a highly successful year. He consistently scored points and earned his first victory in the Swiss Grand Prix at Dijon-Prenois late that year (despite being called the "Swiss Grand Prix", the race was held in France due to Switzerland's ban on motor racing in effect since the 1955 Le Mans disaster).

Question: Minä vuonna Keijo Rosberg voitti viimeisen F1-sarjan osakilpailun?


Keke Rosberg

Context: Team Rosberg ran for another year in the DTM, until the series collapsed, and has been present in Formula BMW, German Formula Three, the Formula Three Euroseries and A1 GP since. Team Rosberg returned to the revived DTM in 2000, entering two Mercedes. Success, or even just scoring points, became harder with each passing season and Team Rosberg quit the series after their 2004 campaign, only to return in 2006, this time with Audi.

Question: Minä vuonna Keijo Rosberg voitti viimeisen F1-sarjan osakilpailun?


Keke Rosberg

Context: † Did not finish, but was classified as he had completed more than 90% of the race distance.<br>

Question: Minä vuonna Keijo Rosberg voitti viimeisen F1-sarjan osakilpailun?


Keke Rosberg

Context: In level 7 game 11 of the video game "Angry Birds", created by the Finnish company Rovio, there is a caricature of Rosberg in a racing car sitting on the year "1982".

Question: Minä vuonna Keijo Rosberg voitti viimeisen F1-sarjan osakilpailun?


Epirus

Context: The definition of Epirus has changed over time, such that modern administrative boundaries do not correspond to the boundaries of ancient Epirus. The region of Epirus in Greece only comprises a fraction of classical Epirus and does not include its easternmost portions, which lie in Thessaly. In Albania, where the concept of Epirus is never used in an official context, the counties of Gjirokastër, Vlorë, and Berat extend well beyond the northern and northeastern boundaries of classical Epirus.

Question: Missä on Mikä on Epeiroksen alueen suurin lentokenttä?


Epirus

Context: Significant lowlands are to be found only near the coast, in the southwest near Arta and Preveza, in the Acheron plain between Paramythia and Fanari, between Igoumenitsa and Sagiada, and also near Saranda. The Zagori area is a scenic upland plateau surrounded by mountain on all sides.

Question: Missä on Mikä on Epeiroksen alueen suurin lentokenttä?


Epirus

Context: The climate of Epirus is Mediterranean along the coast and Alpine in the interior. Epirus is heavily forested, mainly by coniferous species. The fauna in Epirus is especially rich and features species such as bears, wolves, foxes, deer and lynxes.

Question: Missä on Mikä on Epeiroksen alueen suurin lentokenttä?


Epirus

Context: Beginning in 370 BC, the Molossian Aeacidae dynasty built a centralized state in Epirus and began expanding their power at the expense of rival tribes. The Aeacids allied themselves with the increasingly powerful kingdom of Macedon, in part against the common threat of Illyrian raids, and in 359 BC the Molossian princess Olympias, niece of Arybbas of Epirus, married King Philip II of Macedon. She was to become the mother of Alexander the Great.

Question: Missä on Mikä on Epeiroksen alueen suurin lentokenttä?


Epirus

Context: In the late 6th century, much of Greece, including Epirus, fell under the control of the Avars and their Slavic allies. This is placed by the "Chronicle of Monemvasia" in the year 587, and is further corroborated by evidence that several sees were abandoned by their bishops by 591. Thus in the bishop, clergy and people of Euroea fled their city, carrying with them the relics of their patron saint, St. Donatus, to Cassiope in Corfu.

Question: Missä on Mikä on Epeiroksen alueen suurin lentokenttä?


Epirus

Context: The region joined the uprising of Petar Delyan in 1040, and suffered in the First Norman invasion of the Balkans: Dyrrhachium was occupied by the Normans in 1081–1084, Arta was unsuccessfully besieged, and Ioannina was captured by Robert Guiscard. An Aromanian presence in Epirus is first mentioned in the late 11th century, while Jewish communities are attested throughout the medieval period in Arta and Ioannina.

Question: Missä on Mikä on Epeiroksen alueen suurin lentokenttä?


Epirus

Context: Although the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 awarded Northern Epirus to Greece, developments such as the Greek defeat in the Greco-Turkish War and, crucially, Italian lobbying in favor of Albania meant that Greece would not keep Northern Epirus. In 1924, the area was again ceded to Albania.

Question: Missä on Mikä on Epeiroksen alueen suurin lentokenttä?


Epirus

Context: The whole of Epirus was then placed under Italian occupation until 1943, when the Germans took over following the Italian surrender to the Allies. Due to the extensive activity of the anti-Nazi Greek resistance (mainly under EDES), the Germans carried out large scaled anti-partisan sweeps, making wide use of Nazi-collaborationist bands of Cham Albanians, who committed numerous atrocities against the civilian population.

Question: Missä on Mikä on Epeiroksen alueen suurin lentokenttä?


Epirus

Context: To deal with the situation, the Allied Military Mission in the Axis-occupied Greece (under Colonel C. M. Woodhouse), gave EDES partisans direct orders to counter-attack and chase out of their villages those units that used them as bases and local strongholds. Helped by Allied war material transferred from the recently liberated southern Italy, EDES forces succeeded and as a result several thousands of Muslim Cham Albanians fled the area and took refuge in nearby Albania.

Question: Missä on Mikä on Epeiroksen alueen suurin lentokenttä?


Epirus

Context: A rugged topography, poor soils, and fragmented landholdings have kept agricultural production low and have resulted in a low population density. Animal husbandry is the main industry and corn the chief crop. Oranges and olives are grown in the western lowlands, while tobacco is grown around Ioannina. Epirus has few natural resources and industries, and the population has been depleted by migration. The population is centered around Ioannina, which has the largest number of industrial establishments.

Question: Missä on Mikä on Epeiroksen alueen suurin lentokenttä?


HMS Ramillies (1892)

Context: HMS "Ramillies" was a "Royal Sovereign-"class pre-dreadnought battleship of the Royal Navy, named after the Battle of Ramillies. The ship was built by J. & G. Thompson at Clydebank, starting with her keel laying in August 1890. She was launched in March 1892 and commissioned into the Mediterranean Fleet as flagship the following October. She was armed with a main battery of four 13.5-inch guns and a secondary battery of ten 6-inch guns. The ship had a top speed of 16.5 knots.

Question: Minä vuonna HMS Ramillies -laiva romutettiin?


Afrikaners

Context: In 1754, Cape governor Ryk Tulbagh conducted a census of his non-indigenous subjects. White - now outnumbered by slaves brought from West Africa, Mozambique, Madagascar and the Dutch East Indies - only totaled about 6,000.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: At the onset of Cape Town's annexation to the British Empire, the original Afrikaners numbered 26,720 – or 36% of the colony's population.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: The South African census of 1936 gave the following breakdown of language speakers of European origin.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: The South African census of 1960 was the final census undertaken in the Union of South Africa. Ethno-linguistic status of some 15,994,181 South African citizens was projected by various sources through sampling language, religion and race. At least 1.6 million South Africans represented white Afrikaans speakers, or 10% of the total population. They also constituted 9.3% of the population in neighbouring South West Africa.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: According to the South African census of 1985, there were 2,581,080 white Afrikaans speakers then residing in the country, or about 9.4% of the total population.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: The South African National Census of 1996 was the first census conducted in post-apartheid South Africa. It was calculated on census day and reported a population of 2,558,956 white Afrikaans speakers. The census noted that Afrikaners represented the eighth largest ethnic group in the country, or 6.3% of the total population. Even after the end of Apartheid the ethnic group only fell by 25,000 people.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: The South African National Census of 2001 was the second census conducted in post-apartheid South Africa. It was calculated on 9 October and reported a population of 2,576,184 white Afrikaans speakers. The census noted that Afrikaners represented the eighth largest ethnic group in the country, or 5.7% of the total population.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: Afrikaners make up approximately 58% of South Africa's white population, based on language used in the home. English speakers – an ethnically diverse group – account for closer to 37%. As in Canada or the United States, most modern European immigrants elect to learn English and are likelier to identify with those descended from British colonials of the nineteenth century. Aside from coastal pockets in the Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal they remain heavily outnumbered by those of Afrikaans origin.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: The South African National Census of 2011 counted 2,710,461 white South Africans who speak Afrikaans as a first language, or approximately 5.23% of the total South African population. The census also showed an increase of 5.21% in Afrikaner population compared to the previous, 2001 census.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: The earliest Afrikaner communities in South Africa were formed at the Cape of Good Hope, mainly through the introduction of Dutch colonists, French Huguenot refugees and erstwhile servants of the VOC. During the early colonial period, Afrikaners were generally known as "Christians", "colonists", "emigrants", or ("inhabitants"). Their concept of being rooted in Africa—as opposed to the company's expatriate officialdom—did not find widespread expression until the late eighteenth century.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: After the British East India Company was founded in 1599, London merchants began to take advantage of the route to India by the Cape. James Lancaster, who had visited Robben Island some years earlier, anchored in Table Bay in 1601. By 1614, the British had planted a penal colony on the site, and in 1621 two Englishmen claimed Table Bay on behalf of King James I, but this action was not ratified. They eventually settled on Saint Helena as an alternative port of refuge.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: Due to the value of the spice trade between Europe and their outposts in the East Indies, Dutch ships began to call sporadically at the Cape in search of provisions after 1598. In 1601, a Captain Paul van Corniden came ashore at St. Sebastion's Bay near Overberg. He discovered a small inlet which he named ('Meat Bay'), after the cattle trade, and another ('Fish Bay') after the abundance of fish. Not long afterwards, Admiral Joris van Spilbergen reported catching penguins and sheep on Robben Island.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: In 1648, Dutch sailors Leendert Jansz and Nicholas Proot had been shipwrecked in Table Bay and marooned for five months until picked up by a returning ship. During this period they established friendly relations with the locals, who sold them sheep, cattle, and vegetables. Both men presented a report advocating the Table valley as a fort and garden for the VOC fleets.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: Important as the Trek was to the formation of Boer ethnic identity, so were the running conflicts with various indigenous groups along the way. One conflict central to the construction of Boer identity occurred with the Zulu in the area of present-day KwaZulu-Natal.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: After the signing, however, Dingane's forces surprised and killed the members of the delegation; a large-scale massacre of the Boers followed: see Weenen massacre. Zulu ('regiments') attacked Boer encampments in the Drakensberg foothills at what was later called Blaauwkrans and Weenen, killing women and children along with men. (By contrast, in earlier conflicts the had experienced along the eastern Cape frontier, the Xhosa had refrained from harming women and children.)

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: A commando of 470 men arrived to help the settlers. On 16 December 1838, the under the command of Andries Pretorius confronted about 10,000 Zulus at the prepared positions. The Boers had three injuries without any fatalities. Due to the blood of 3,000 slain Zulus that stained the Ncome River, the conflict afterwards became known as the Battle of Blood River.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: In present-day South Africa, 16 December remains a celebrated public holiday, initially called "Dingane's Day". After 1952, the holiday was officially recognised and named the Day of the Covenant, changed to Day of the Vow in 1980 (Mackenzie 1999:69) and, after the abolition of apartheid, to Day of Reconciliation in 1994. The Boers saw their victory at the Battle of Blood River as evidence that they had found divine favour for their exodus from British rule.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: After defeating the Zulu and the recovery of the treaty between Dingane and Retief, the Voortrekkers proclaimed the Natalia Republic. In 1843, Britain annexed Natal and many Boers trekked inwards again.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: The Boers created sovereign states in what is now South Africa: (the South African Republic) and the Orange Free State were the most prominent and lasted the longest.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: In the 1890s, some Boers trekked into Mashonaland, where they were concentrated at the town of Enkeldoorn, now Chivhu. After the second Boer War, more Boers left South Africa. Starting in 1902 to 1908 a large group of around 650 Afrikaners emigrated to the Patagonia region of Argentina, under the leadership and the Italian Camillo Ricchiardi (most notably to the towns of Comodoro Rivadavia and Sarmiento), choosing to settle there due to its similarity to the Karoo region of South Africa.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: Another group emigrated to British-ruled Kenya, from where most returned to South Africa during the 1930s as a result of warfare there amongst indigenous people. A third group, under the leadership of General Ben Viljoen, emigrated to Chihuahua in northern Mexico and to the states of Arizona, California, New Mexico and Texas in the south-western US. Others migrated to other parts of Africa, including German East Africa (present day Tanzania, mostly near Arusha).

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: Brazil is the country in Latin America with the largest community of White Afrikaners and White Boers, they mostly live in Southeastern Brazil, the most populous area of the country. In 2020, were 2,895 people.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: A significant number of Afrikaners also went as to Angola, where a large group settled on the Huíla Plateau, in Humpata, and smaller communities on the Central Highlands. They constituted a closed community which rejected integration as well as innovation, became impoverished in the course of several decades, and returned to South West Africa and South Africa in waves.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: On his return to the Transvaal, van Rensburg recruited about 280 Afrikaners (comprising either 47 or 60 families) to accompany him to British East Africa. On 9 July 1908 his party sailed in the chartered ship "SS " from to Mombasa, from where they boarded a train for Nairobi. The party travelled by five trains to Nakuru.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: A combination of factors spurred on Boer migration. Some, like van Rensburg and Cloete, had collaborated with the British, or had surrendered during the Boer War. These joiners and ("hands-uppers") subsequently experienced hostility from other Afrikaners. Many migrants were extremely poor and had subsisted on others' property. Collaborators tended to move to British East Africa, while those who had fought to the end (called , "bitter-enders") initially preferred German South West Africa.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: One of the best known Boer settlements in the British East Africa Protectorate became established at Eldoret, in the south west of what became known as Kenya in 1920. By 1934, some 700 Boers lived here, near the Ugandan border.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: With the onset of the First World War in 1914, the Allies asked the Union of South Africa to attack the German territory of South West Africa, resulting in the South West Africa Campaign (1914–1915). Armed forces under the leadership of General Louis Botha defeated the German forces, who were unable to put up much resistance to the overwhelming South African forces.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: Many Boers, who had little love or respect for Britain, objected to the use of the "children from the concentration camps to attack the anti-British Germans, resulting in the Maritz Rebellion of 1914, which was quickly quelled by the government forces.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: Some Boers subsequently moved to South West Africa, which was administered by South Africa until its independence in 1990, after which the country adopted the name Namibia.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: Scholars have traditionally considered Afrikaners to be a homogeneous population of Dutch ancestry, subject to a significant founder effect. This simplistic viewpoint has been challenged by recent studies suggesting multiple uncertainties regarding the genetic composition of white South Africans at large and Afrikaners in particular.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: Approximately 100 black families who identify as Afrikaners live in the settlement of Onverwacht, established in 1886 near the mining town of Cullinan. Members of the community descend from the freed slaves who had been with the Voortrekkers who settled in the area.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: Apartheid was officially abolished in 1991 after decades of widespread unrest by opponents who were seeking equal rights, led by supporters of the United Democratic Front, Pan-African Congress, South African Communist Party, and African National Congress, and a long international embargo against South Africa. The effective end to apartheid, however, is widely regarded as the 1994 general election, the first fully-democratic multi-racial election.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: It took place following a long series of negotiations involving the National Party government under President Frederik Willem de Klerk, the ANC under Nelson Mandela, and other parties. The African National Congress won and Mandela was elected as president.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?


Afrikaners

Context: Efforts are being made by some Afrikaners to secure minority rights. Protection of minority rights is fundamental to the new 1996 post-apartheid Constitution of South Africa. These efforts include the movement. In contrast, a handful of Afrikaners have joined the ruling African National Congress party, which is overwhelmingly supported by South Africa's Black majority.

Question: Milloin afrikaanerit termi on kehitetty?