Qing dynasty

Context: In the late 1840s Hong Xiuquan read Morrison's Chinese Bible, as well as Liang Afa's evangelistic pamphlet, and announced to his followers that Christianity in fact had been the religion of ancient China before Confucius and his followers drove it out. He formed the Taiping Movement, which emerged in South China as a "collusion of the Chinese tradition of millenarian rebellion and Christian messianism", "apocalyptic revolution, Christianity, and 'communist utopianism'".

Question: 청나라 패망일은 언젠가요?


Qing dynasty

Context: By 1900, there were about 1,400 Catholic priests and nuns in China serving nearly 1 million Catholics. Over 3,000 Protestant missionaries were active among the 250,000 Protestant Christians in China. Western medical missionaries established clinics and hospitals, and led medical training in China. Missionaries began establishing nurse training schools in the late 1880s, but nursing of sick men by women was rejected by local tradition, so the number of students was small until the 1930s.

Question: 청나라 패망일은 언젠가요?


Qing dynasty

Context: Under the Qing, inherited forms of art flourished and innovations occurred at many levels and in many types. High levels of literacy, a successful publishing industry, prosperous cities, and the Confucian emphasis on cultivation all fed a lively and creative set of cultural fields.

Question: 청나라 패망일은 언젠가요?


Qing dynasty

Context: By the end of the nineteenth century, national artistic and cultural worlds had begun to come to terms with the cosmopolitan culture of the West and Japan. The decision to stay within old forms or welcome Western models was now a conscious choice rather than an unchallenged acceptance of tradition. Classically trained Confucian scholars such as Liang Qichao and Wang Guowei read widely and broke aesthetic and critical ground later cultivated in the New Culture Movement.

Question: 청나라 패망일은 언젠가요?


Qing dynasty

Context: Traditional learning flourished, especially among Ming loyalists such as Dai Zhen and Gu Yanwu, but scholars in the school of evidential learning made innovations in skeptical textual scholarship. Scholar-bureaucrats, including Lin Zexu and Wei Yuan, developed a school of practical statecraft which rooted bureaucratic reform and restructuring in classical philosophy.

Question: 청나라 패망일은 언젠가요?


Qing dynasty

Context: Ping-ti Ho criticized the new approach for exaggerating the Manchu character of the dynasty, which he argued had become sinified. Some scholars in China accused the American group of imposing American concerns with race and identity or even of imperialist misunderstanding to weaken China. Still others in China agree that this scholarship has opened new vistas for the study of Qing history.

Question: 청나라 패망일은 언젠가요?


Qing dynasty

Context: The "New Qing History" is not related to the "New Qing History", a multi-volume history authorized by the Chinese State Council in 2003.

Question: 청나라 패망일은 언젠가요?


Down syndrome research

Context: Reeves "et al.", using 250 clones of chromosome-21 and specific gene markers, were able to map the gene in mutated bacteria. The testing had 99.7% coverage of the gene with 99.9995% accuracy due to multiple redundancies in the mapping techniques. In the study 225 genes were identified (311–13).

Question: 다운 증후군은 몇 개의 DNA로 인한 현상인가?


Down syndrome research

Context: The search for major genes that may be involved in Down syndrome symptoms is normally in the region 21q21–21q22.3. However, studies by Reeves "et al." show that 41% of the genes on chromosome-21 have no functional purpose, and only 54% of functional genes have a known protein sequence. Functionality of genes was determined by a computer using exon prediction analysis (312). Exon sequence was obtained by the same procedures of the chromosome-21 mapping.

Question: 다운 증후군은 몇 개의 DNA로 인한 현상인가?


Down syndrome research

Context: Research has led to an understanding that two genes located on chromosome-21, that code for proteins that control gene regulators, DSCR1 and DYRK1A can be responsible for some of the phenotypes associated with Down syndrome. DSCR1 and DYRK1A cannot be blamed outright for the symptoms; there are a lot of genes that have no known purpose. Much more research would be needed to produce any appropriate or ethically acceptable treatment options.

Question: 다운 증후군은 몇 개의 DNA로 인한 현상인가?


Down syndrome research

Context: Trisomy 21 entails an increased risk of many chronic diseases that are typically associated with older age such as an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. The clinical manifestations of accelerated aging suggest that trisomy 21 increases the biological age of tissues, but molecular evidence for this hypothesis has been sparse. According to a biomarker of tissue age known as epigenetic clock, trisomy 21 significantly increases the age of blood and brain tissue (on average by 6.6 years).

Question: 다운 증후군은 몇 개의 DNA로 인한 현상인가?


Capital of the Philippines

Context: This is a list of current and former national capital cities in the Philippines, which includes during the time of the Spanish colonization, the First Philippine Republic, the Commonwealth of the Philippines, the Second Republic of the Philippines (Japanese-sponsored Republic), the Third Republic of the Philippines, the Fourth Republic of the Philippines and the current Fifth Republic of the Philippines.

Question: 필리핀 수도는 어딘가요?


Capital of the Philippines

Context: On April 7, 1521 Ferdinand Magellan landed in Cebu. He was welcomed by Rajah Humabon, who, together with his wife and about 800 natives, were baptized by the Spaniards on April 14, 1521, and are considered to be the first Filipino Catholics. Magellan, however, failed to successfully claim the Philippines for the crown of Spain, having been slain in neighboring Mactan Island by Datu Lapulapu.

Question: 필리핀 수도는 어딘가요?


Capital of the Philippines

Context: But then in the 1930s just as the Commonwealth government had finally built the Burnham Plan's seaside drive – named Dewey Boulevard and finally finished the Post Office Building, the Finance and Agriculture Buildings, it decided to scrap the Burnham Plan and replace it with a new metropolis elsewhere. One of the main reasons given was that the proposed National Capitol to be built in the vicinity of the present-day Rizal Park was too susceptible to naval bombardment.

Question: 필리핀 수도는 어딘가요?


Capital of the Philippines

Context: Quezon died in exile during the war years. After the war, Quezon City was put back on track as capital of an independent republic. In 1945, President Sergio Osmeña, who had taken over when Quezon died, organized the Quezon Memorial Committee (QMC) to raise funds for a memorial.

Question: 필리핀 수도는 어딘가요?


Capital of the Philippines

Context: During the administration of Fidel V. Ramos there were suggestions during his term to move the nation's capital to Fort Bonifacio as part of the conversion plans then. While Gloria Macapagal Arroyo proposed that the nation's capital to move to Cebu City.

Question: 필리핀 수도는 어딘가요?


Capital of the Philippines

Context: Baguio was formerly designated as the "summer capital" of the country from 1903 to 1976. A presidential mansion is within the city limits, and the Supreme Court still holds their April–May summer sessions at Baguio. Presidential Decree No. 940 of 1976 made no mention of Baguio continuing to serve as the "summer capital", but the city still holds the distinction in an unofficial capacity.

Question: 필리핀 수도는 어딘가요?


Jean MacArthur

Context: Jean Marie MacArthur ( Faircloth; December 28, 1898 – January 22, 2000) was the second wife of U.S. Army General of the Army Douglas MacArthur.

Question: 더글러스 맥아더 배우자는 누군가요?


Jean MacArthur

Context: Jean was MacArthur's second wife and he described her as his "constant friend, sweetheart, and devoted support." They had one son, Arthur MacArthur IV (1938–), and were married until Douglas' death in 1964.

Question: 더글러스 맥아더 배우자는 누군가요?


Jean MacArthur

Context: Jean MacArthur was with her husband when the Japanese attacked the Philippines and went with him to the island of Corregidor in Manila's harbor. Even when the island was attacked, she refused to leave her husband. Only when President Roosevelt ordered the MacArthurs to leave did they go to Australia.

Question: 더글러스 맥아더 배우자는 누군가요?


Jean MacArthur

Context: After her husband's death she helped with the Metropolitan Opera and other charities. In her later years, she often gave speeches on her late husband's military career. President Ronald Reagan awarded her the Medal of Freedom in 1988 and the Philippine government gave her its Legion of Merit in 1993.

Question: 더글러스 맥아더 배우자는 누군가요?


Jean MacArthur

Context: Mrs. MacArthur died of natural causes in Lenox Hill Hospital in Manhattan at age 101. She is entombed with her husband in the rotunda of the MacArthur Memorial in Norfolk, Virginia, the hometown of Gen. MacArthur's mother.

Question: 더글러스 맥아더 배우자는 누군가요?


Apollo 12

Context: Initially, it was feared that the lightning strike could have damaged the explosive bolts that opened the Command Module's parachute compartment. The decision was made not to share this with the astronauts and to continue with the flight plan, since they would die if the parachutes failed to deploy, whether following an Earth-orbit abort or upon a return from the Moon, so nothing was to be gained by aborting. The parachutes deployed and functioned normally at the end of the mission.

Question: 두번째로 달에 착륙한 우주선은 무엇인가요?


Apollo 12

Context: at 110:32:36.2 (06:54:36 UT on November 19, 1969), just from the Surveyor probe. This achieved one objective of the mission, to perform a precision landing near the Surveyor craft.

Question: 두번째로 달에 착륙한 우주선은 무엇인가요?


Apollo 12

Context: When Conrad, the shortest man of the initial groups of astronauts, stepped onto the lunar surface his first words were "Whoopie! Man, that may have been a small one for Neil, but that's a long one for me." This was not an off-the-cuff remark: Conrad had made a bet with reporter Oriana Fallaci he would say these words, after she had queried whether NASA had instructed Neil Armstrong what to say as he stepped onto the Moon. Conrad later said he was never able to collect the money.

Question: 두번째로 달에 착륙한 우주선은 무엇인가요?


Apollo 12

Context: The crew stayed another day in lunar orbit taking photographs of the surface, including of candidate sites for future Apollo landings. A second plane change maneuver was made at 159:04:45.47, lasting 19.25 seconds.

Question: 두번째로 달에 착륙한 우주선은 무엇인가요?


Apollo 12

Context: After the mission, Conrad urged his crewmates to join him in the Skylab program, seeing in it the best chance of flying in space again. Bean did so—Conrad commanded Skylab 2, the first crewed mission to the space station, while Bean commanded Skylab 3. Gordon, though, still hoped to walk on the Moon and remained with the Apollo program, serving as backup commander of Apollo 15. He was the likely commander of Apollo 18, but that mission was canceled and he did not fly in space again.

Question: 두번째로 달에 착륙한 우주선은 무엇인가요?


Apollo 12

Context: Mission Control had remotely fired the service module's thrusters after jettison, hoping to have it skip off the atmosphere and enter a high-apogee orbit, but the lack of tracking data confirming this caused it to conclude it most likely burned up in the atmosphere at the time of CM re-entry. The S-IVB is in a solar orbit that is sometimes affected by the Earth.

Question: 두번째로 달에 착륙한 우주선은 무엇인가요?


Snow

Context: Snow comprises individual ice crystals that grow while suspended in the atmosphere—usually within clouds—and then fall, accumulating on the ground where they undergo further changes. It consists of frozen crystalline water throughout its life cycle, starting when, under suitable conditions, the ice crystals form in the atmosphere, increase to millimeter size, precipitate and accumulate on surfaces, then metamorphose in place, and ultimately melt, slide or sublimate away.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Major snow-prone areas include the polar regions, the northernmost half of the Northern Hemisphere and mountainous regions worldwide with sufficient moisture and cold temperatures. In the Southern Hemisphere, snow is confined primarily to mountainous areas, apart from Antarctica.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Snow affects such human activities as transportation: creating the need for keeping roadways, wings, and windows clear; agriculture: providing water to crops and safeguarding livestock; sports such as skiing, snowboarding, and snowmachine travel; and warfare. Snow affects ecosystems, as well, by providing an insulating layer during winter under which plants and animals are able to survive the cold.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Snow develops in clouds that themselves are part of a larger weather system. The physics of snow crystal development in clouds results from a complex set of variables that include moisture content and temperatures. The resulting shapes of the falling and fallen crystals can be classified into a number of basic shapes and combinations thereof. Occasionally, some plate-like, dendritic and stellar-shaped snowflakes can form under clear sky with a very cold temperature inversion present.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Snow clouds usually occur in the context of larger weather systems, the most important of which is the low-pressure area, which typically incorporate warm and cold fronts as part of their circulation. Two additional and locally productive sources of snow are lake-effect (also sea-effect) storms and elevation effects, especially in mountains.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Mid-latitude cyclones are low-pressure areas which are capable of producing anything from cloudiness and mild snow storms to heavy blizzards. During a hemisphere's fall, winter, and spring, the atmosphere over continents can be cold enough through the depth of the troposphere to cause snowfall. In the Northern Hemisphere, the northern side of the low-pressure area produces the most snow. For the southern mid-latitudes, the side of a cyclone that produces the most snow is the southern side.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: A warm front can produce snow for a period as warm, moist air overrides below-freezing air and creates precipitation at the boundary. Often, snow transitions to rain in the warm sector behind the front.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Lake-effect snow is produced during cooler atmospheric conditions when a cold air mass moves across long expanses of warmer lake water, warming the lower layer of air which picks up water vapor from the lake, rises up through the colder air above, freezes, and is deposited on the leeward (downwind) shores.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: The same effect occurring over bodies of salt water is termed "ocean-effect" or "bay-effect snow". The effect is enhanced when the moving air mass is uplifted by the orographic influence of higher elevations on the downwind shores. This uplifting can produce narrow but very intense bands of precipitation which may deposit at a rate of many inches of snow each hour, often resulting in a large amount of total snowfall.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: The areas affected by lake-effect snow are called snowbelts. These include areas east of the Great Lakes, the west coasts of northern Japan, the Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia, and areas near the Great Salt Lake, Black Sea, Caspian Sea, Baltic Sea, and parts of the northern Atlantic Ocean.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Mountain waves have also been found to help enhance precipitation amounts downwind of mountain ranges by enhancing the lift needed for condensation and precipitation.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: A snowflake consists of roughly 1019 water molecules which are added to its core at different rates and in different patterns depending on the changing temperature and humidity within the atmosphere that the snowflake falls through on its way to the ground. As a result, snowflakes differ from each other though they follow similar patterns.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Micrography of thousands of snowflakes from 1885 onward, starting with Wilson Alwyn Bentley, revealed the wide diversity of snowflakes within a classifiable set of patterns. Closely matching snow crystals have been observed.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Ukichiro Nakaya developed a crystal morphology diagram, relating crystal shapes to the temperature and moisture conditions under which they formed, which is summarized in the following table.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Magono and Lee devised a classification of freshly formed snow crystals that includes 80 distinct shapes. They documented each with micrographs.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Snowstorm intensity may be categorized by visibility and depth of accumulation. Snowfall's intensity is determined by visibility, as follows:

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: The cities (more than 100,000 inhabitants) with the highest annual snowfall are Aomori (792 cm), Sapporo (485 cm) and Toyama (363 cm) in Japan, followed by St. John's (332 cm) and Quebec City (315 cm) in Canada.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Firn is snow that has persisted for multiple years and has been recrystallized into a substance denser than névé, yet less dense and hard than glacial ice. Firn resembles caked sugar and is very resistant to shovelling. Its density generally ranges from to , and it can often be found underneath the snow that accumulates at the head of a glacier. The minimum altitude that firn accumulates on a glacier is called the "firn limit", "firn line" or "snowline".

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: There are four main mechanisms for movement of deposited snow: "drifting" of unsintered snow, "avalanches" of accumulated snow on steep slopes, "snowmelt" during thaw conditions, and the "movement of glaciers" after snow has persisted for multiple years and metamorphosed into glacier ice.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: When powdery, snow drifts with the wind from the location where it originally fell, forming deposits with a depth of several meters in isolated locations. After attaching to hillsides, blown snow can evolve into a snow slab, which is an avalanche hazard on steep slopes.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Remote sensing of snowpacks with satellites and other platforms typically includes multi-spectral collection of imagery. Multi-faceted interpretation of the data obtained allows inferences about what is observed. The science behind these remote observations has been verified with ground-truth studies of the actual conditions.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Satellite measurements show that snow cover has been decreasing in many areas of the world since 1978.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Snow science often leads to predictive models that include snow deposition, snow melt, and snow hydrology—elements of the Earth's water cycle—which help describe global climate change.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Snow affects human activity in four major areas, transportation, agriculture, structures, and sports. Most transportation modes are impeded by snow on the travel surface. Agriculture often relies on snow as a source of seasonal moisture. Structures may fail under snow loads. Humans find a wide variety of recreational activities in snowy landscapes.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Snow affects the rights of way of highways, airfields and railroads. They share a common tool for clearing snow, the snowplow. However, the application is different in each case—whereas roadways employ anti-icing chemicals to prevent bonding of ice, airfields may not; railroads rely on abrasives to enhance traction on tracks.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: In the late 20th century, an estimated $2 billion was spent annually in North America on roadway winter maintenance, owing to snow and other winter weather events, according to a 1994 report by Kuemmel. The study surveyed the practices of jurisdictions within 44 US states and nine Canadian provinces. It assessed the policies, practices, and equipment used for winter maintenance. It found similar practices and progress to be prevalent in Europe.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: The manual offers matrices that address different types of snow and the rate of snowfall to tailor applications appropriately and efficiently.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Snow fences, constructed upwind of roadways control snow drifting by causing windblown, drifting snow to accumulate in a desired place. They are also used on railways. Additionally, farmers and ranchers use snow fences to create drifts in basins for a ready supply of water in the spring.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Railroads employ snow sheds—structures that cover the track—to prevent the accumulation of heavy snow or avalanches to cover tracks in snowy mountainous areas, such as the Alps and the Rocky Mountains.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Snow can be compacted to form a snow road and be part of a winter road route for vehicles to access isolated communities or construction projects during the winter. Snow can also be used to provide the supporting structure and surface for a runway, as with the Phoenix Airfield in Antarctica. The snow-compacted runway is designed to withstand approximately 60 wheeled flights of heavy-lift military aircraft a year.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Snow is an important consideration for loads on structures. To address these, European countries employ "Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-3: General actions - Snow loads". In North America, ASCE "Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures" gives guidance on snow loads. Both standards employ methods that translate maximum expected ground snow loads onto design loads for roofs.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Snow loads and icings are two principal issues for roofs. Snow loads are related to the climate in which a structure is sited. Icings are usually a result of the building or structure generating heat that melts the snow that is on it.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: "Snow loads" – The "Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures" gives guidance on how to translate the following factors into roof snow loads:

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: It gives tables for ground snow loads by region and a methodology for computing ground snow loads that may vary with elevation from nearby, measured values. The "Eurocode 1" uses similar methodologies, starting with ground snow loads that are tabulated for portions of Europe.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Snow figures into many winter sports and forms of recreation, including skiing and sledding. Common examples include cross-country skiing, Alpine skiing, snowboarding, snowshoeing, and snowmobiling. The design of the equipment used, e.g. skis and snowboards, typically relies on the bearing strength of snow and contends with the coefficient of friction bearing on snow.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Both plant and animal life endemic to snow-bound areas develop ways to adapt. Among the adaptive mechanisms for plants are dormancy, seasonal dieback, survival of seeds; and for animals are hibernation, insulation, anti-freeze chemistry, storing food, drawing on reserves from within the body, and clustering for mutual heat.

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Snow

Context: Extraterrestrial "snow" includes water-based precipitation, but also precipitation of other compounds prevalent on other planets and moons in the Solar System. Examples are:

Question: 눈은 어떻게 만들어지는가?


Heidelberg University

Context: Between 1414 and 1418, theology and jurisprudence professors of the university took part in the Council of Constance and acted as counselors for Louis III, who attended this council as representative of the emperor and chief magistrate of the realm. This resulted in establishing a good reputation for the university and its professors.

Question: 독일에서 가장 오래된 대학은 무엇인가?


Heidelberg University

Context: Due to the influence of Marsilius, the university initially taught the nominalism or "via moderna". In 1412, both realism and the teachings of John Wycliffe were forbidden at the university but later, around 1454, the university decided that realism or "via antique" would also be taught, thus introducing two parallel ways ().

Question: 독일에서 가장 오래된 대학은 무엇인가?


Heidelberg University

Context: The heads of the university helped in the deportation of Jewish men, women and children directly to the gas chambers.

Question: 독일에서 가장 오래된 대학은 무엇인가?


Heidelberg University

Context: In 2022, a mass shooting occurred in the university, killing a woman and injuring three other people. The gunman then committed suicide.

Question: 독일에서 가장 오래된 대학은 무엇인가?


Heidelberg University

Context: The University has its own museum, in the main building of the old campus. Visitors are able to view the Great Hall (when not in use), and the former "student jail".

Question: 독일에서 가장 오래된 대학은 무엇인가?


Heidelberg University

Context: The Rectorate is the 'executive body' of the university, headed by rector Bernhard Eitel. The rectorate consists of the chancellor, , who is the head of the central administration and responsible for the university's budgeting, and three pro-rectors, who are responsible for international relations, teaching and communication, and research and structure respectively.

Question: 독일에서 가장 오래된 대학은 무엇인가?


Heidelberg University

Context: The University Council is the advisory board to the aforementioned entities and encompasses, among others, the former Israeli Ambassador to Germany Avi Primor, as well as CEOs of German industries.

Question: 독일에서 가장 오래된 대학은 무엇인가?


Heidelberg University

Context: The German state heavily subsidizes university study to keep higher education affordable regardless of socio-economic background.

Question: 독일에서 가장 오래된 대학은 무엇인가?


Heidelberg University

Context: However, the critical online student newspaper "UNiMUT", which is run by the joint student council of the faculties, criticized the "ruprecht" often for being conformed, and exceedingly layout-oriented.

Question: 독일에서 가장 오래된 대학은 무엇인가?


Heidelberg University

Context: Philosophers Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Karl Jaspers, Hans-Georg Gadamer, and Jürgen Habermas served as university professors, as did also the pioneering scientists Hermann von Helmholtz, Robert Wilhelm Bunsen, Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, Emil Kraepelin, the founder of scientific psychiatry, and outstanding social scientists such as Max Weber, the founding father of modern sociology.

Question: 독일에서 가장 오래된 대학은 무엇인가?


Heidelberg University

Context: Present faculty include Medicine Nobel Laureates Bert Sakmann (1991) and Harald zur Hausen (2008), Chemistry Nobel Laureate Stefan Hell (2014), 7 Leibniz Laureates, former Justice of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany Paul Kirchhof, and Rüdiger Wolfrum, the former President of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea.

Question: 독일에서 가장 오래된 대학은 무엇인가?


Yasuhiro Nakasone

Context: was a Japanese politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan and President of the Liberal Democratic Party from 1982 to 1987. He was a member of the House of Representatives for more than 50 years. He was best known for pushing through the privatization of state-owned companies, and for helping to revitalize Japanese nationalism during and after his term as prime minister.

Question: 2019년 일본의 총리는 누구인가?


Yasuhiro Nakasone

Context: I was carrying out a kind of "improvement" of Japan's structure. For 110 years, ever since the Meiji restoration, Japan had been striving to catch up with America and Britain. In the 1970s we did catch up. Beyond that point the [state's] regulations only stand in the way of the growth of the economy. If government officials have too much power, the private sector of the economy will not grow. We had to change the system.

Question: 2019년 일본의 총리는 누구인가?


Yasuhiro Nakasone

Context: In 1987, he was forced to resign after he attempted to introduce a value added tax to reduce the burden of direct taxes in a policy designed to cut the budget deficit.

Question: 2019년 일본의 총리는 누구인가?


Taejo of Joseon

Context: Taejo's father, Yi Ja-chun, was an official of Korean ethnicity serving the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. Taejo's mother, Lady Choe, was a Goryeo woman from a prominent family originally from Deungju (Anbyeon County) in present-day North Korea. Her father was a Korean chiliarch under the Yuan dynasty who commanded a "mingghan". She later moved to Hamgyeong, in Goryeo.

Question: 태조의 재위기간은 얼마나 되나요?


Taejo of Joseon

Context: Yi as a warrior started his career in 1360s. In October 1361, Yi killed Pak-ui, who rebelled against the Government. At the same year, when the Red Turbans had invaded and captured the Capital of Goryeo, he helped the recapture of the capital with 3,000 men. In 1362, when General Naghachu invaded Goryeo, Yi was appointed as a commander of East North and defeated Naghachu.

Question: 태조의 재위기간은 얼마나 되나요?


Taejo of Joseon

Context: When a Ming messenger came to Goryeo in 1388 (the 14th year of King U) to demand the return of a significant portion of Goryeo's northern territory, General Choe seized the opportunity and played upon the prevailing anti-Ming atmosphere to argue for the invasion of the Liaodong Peninsula (Goryeo claimed to be the successor of the ancient kingdom of Goguryeo; as such, restoring Manchuria as part of Korean territory was a tenet of its foreign policy throughout its history).

Question: 태조의 재위기간은 얼마나 되나요?


Taejo of Joseon

Context: A staunchly opposed Yi was chosen to lead the invasion; however, at Wihwa Island on the Amrok River, he made a momentous decision, commonly called "Turning back the army from Wihwa Island", that would alter the course of Korean history. Knowing of the support he enjoyed both from high-ranking government officials, the general populace, and the great deterrent of Ming Empire under the Hongwu Emperor, he decided to revolt and swept back to the capital, Gaegyeong, to secure control of the government.

Question: 태조의 재위기간은 얼마나 되나요?


Taejo of Joseon

Context: Yi Seong-gye declared a new dynasty in 1392. He crowned himself as a King after the abdication of Gongyang of Goryeo. In 1393, he changed his dynasty's name as Joseon.

Question: 태조의 재위기간은 얼마나 되나요?


Taejo of Joseon

Context: In 1394, the capital was established at Hanseong (Seoul). When the new dynasty was promulgated and officially brought into existence, Taejo brought up the issue of which son would be his successor. Although Taejo's fifth son by Queen Sinui, Yi Bang-won, had contributed most to assisting his father's rise to power, he harbored a profound hatred against two of his father's key allies in the court, the prime minister Jeong Do-jeon and Nam Eun.

Question: 태조의 재위기간은 얼마나 되나요?


Taejo of Joseon

Context: Both sides were fully aware of the mutual animosity that existed between each other and constantly felt threatened. When it became clear that Yi Bang-won was the most worthy successor to the throne, Jeong Do-jeon used his influence on the king to convince him that the wisest choice would be in the son that Taejo loved most, not the son that Taejo felt was best for the kingdom.

Question: 태조의 재위기간은 얼마나 되나요?


Taejo of Joseon

Context: In 1392, the eighth son of King Taejo (the second son of Queen Sindeok), Yi Bang-seok was appointed Prince Royal, or successor to the throne. After the sudden death of the queen, and while King Taejo was still in mourning for his second wife, Jeong Do-jeon conspired to pre-emptively kill Yi Bang-won and his brothers to secure his position in court.

Question: 태조의 재위기간은 얼마나 되나요?


Taejo of Joseon

Context: In 1400, King Jeongjong pronounced his brother Yi Bang-won as heir presumptive and voluntarily abdicated. That same year, Yi Bang-won assumed the throne of Joseon at long last as King Taejong.

Question: 태조의 재위기간은 얼마나 되나요?


Taejo of Joseon

Context: Ten years after his abdication, King Taejo died on June 27, 1408, in Changdeok Palace. He was buried at the tomb of Geonwonneung (건원릉, 健元陵) in the city of Guri.

Question: 태조의 재위기간은 얼마나 되나요?


Taejo of Joseon

Context: Despite the fact that he overthrew the kingdom of Goryeo, and purged officials who remained loyal to the old regime, many regard him as a revolutionary and a decisive ruler who deposed the inept, obsolete and crippled governing system to save the nation from many foreign forces and conflicts.

Question: 태조의 재위기간은 얼마나 되나요?


Taejo of Joseon

Context: Safeguarding domestic security led the Koreans to rebuild and further discover their culture. In the midst of the rival Yuan and Ming dynasties, Joseon encouraged the development of national identity which once was threatened by the Mongols. However, some scholars, particularly in North Korea, view him as a mere traitor to the old regime, paralleling him to a bourgeois apostate, and General Choe Yeong as a military elite, who conservatively served the old regime of Goryeo to death.

Question: 태조의 재위기간은 얼마나 되나요?


Battle of Okehazama

Context: The geography of the area in which the Imagawa set up their camp was well known to Nobunaga and his scouts, as they had often used the area for war games in the guise of falconry hunts.

Question: 오케하자마 전투는 언제 끝나나요?


Battle of Okehazama

Context: The evening before the attack, Nobunaga gathered his men, telling them that to wait would be suicide, and that it be best to attack the enemy head on, before sending them home to rest. He awoke early next morning, dressed, recited a passage from the song “Atsumori”, intoning that “Man has but 50 years, and life is but a dream,” he donned his armor and wolfed down a bowl of rice porridge while still standing and departed.

Question: 오케하자마 전투는 언제 끝나나요?


Battle of Okehazama

Context: Nobunaga led his men in person from Kiyosu via Atsuta Shrine to a fortified temple called Zenshō-ji, a short distance away from Okehama, on the other side of the Tōkaidō road.

Question: 오케하자마 전투는 언제 끝나나요?


Battle of Okehazama

Context: In order to bluff any Imagawa scouts, Nobunaga ordered his men to set up numerous flags and banners around the Zenshō-ji to give the appearance of a much larger force.

Question: 오케하자마 전투는 언제 끝나나요?


Battle of Okehazama

Context: In any event, the Imagawa army was caught by surprise. The Imagawa were celebrating their recent easy victories, and as the afternoon was very hot, many had removed their armor. Using a thunderstorm to mask their movements, the Oda troops struck hard at the heart of the Imagawa camp, which was in a narrow valley. The surprise attack caused a panic and the Imagawa troops broke ranks and many attempted to flee.

Question: 오케하자마 전투는 언제 끝나나요?


Battle of Okehazama

Context: Imagawa Yoshimoto, unaware of what was transpiring, heard the noise and emerged from his tent shouting at his men to quit their drunken revelry and return to their posts. By the time he realized, moments later, that the samurai before him were not his own, it was too late to organize a defense. Yoshimoto was not, as is popularly believed, killed in his war camp. Yoshimoto and his men quickly abandoned their camp and fled to where the fighting took place.

Question: 오케하자마 전투는 언제 끝나나요?


Battle of Okehazama

Context: Yoshimoto was attacked by Mōri Shinsuke and Hattori Koheita. Yoshimoto, Munenobu, and Naomori engaged them in melee, and parried their initial attack. Yoshimoto is said to have fought off one attack by the spear wielding Mori Shinsuke, cutting through the Oda samurai’s spear, and into the man’s knee. He was then tackled by a second Oda samurai, Hattori Koheita, who promptly took the generals’ head.

Question: 오케하자마 전투는 언제 끝나나요?


Battle of Okehazama

Context: With their leader and all but two of the senior officers killed, the remaining Imagawa troops either surrendered or fled.

Question: 오케하자마 전투는 언제 끝나나요?


Battle of Okehazama

Context: The Battle of Okehazama is regarded as one of the most significant turning points in Japanese history. The Imagawa clan was greatly weakened and would soon be destroyed by its neighbors. Oda Nobunaga gained greatly in prestige, and many samurai and minor warlords (including Imagawa's former retainer, Matsudaira Motoyasu, the future Tokugawa Ieyasu) pledged fealty.

Question: 오케하자마 전투는 언제 끝나나요?


Battle of Okehazama

Context: This battle was the first time Nobunaga noticed the talents of the sandal-bearer Kinoshita Tōkichirō, who would eventually become Toyotomi Hideyoshi.

Question: 오케하자마 전투는 언제 끝나나요?


Battle of Okehazama

Context: In 1937, Japan's Ministry of Education designated the battlefield, "Okehazama Kosenjō", a National Historic Site of Japan. Located at Minamiyakata, Sakae-cho, Toyoake City, the site hosts The Shichikokuhyo, or Seven Granite Pillars, with each pillar representing Yoshimoto's seven warlords. The first of the pillars bears the words, "Imagawa Yoshimoto was killed here."

Question: 오케하자마 전투는 언제 끝나나요?


Pope Urban II

Context: Pope Urban was a native of France, and was a descendant of a noble family from the French commune of Châtillon-sur-Marne. Reims was the nearby cathedral school where he began his studies in 1050.

Question: 교황 우르바노의 생일은 언제인가요?


Pope Urban II

Context: He also set up the modern-day Roman Curia in the manner of a royal ecclesiastical court to help run the Church.

Question: 교황 우르바노의 생일은 언제인가요?


Pope Urban II

Context: From the outset, Urban had to reckon with the presence of Guibert, the former bishop of Ravenna who held Rome as the antipope "Clement III". Gregory had repeatedly clashed with the emperor Henry IV over papal authority. Despite the Walk to Canossa, Gregory had backed the rebel Duke of Swabia and again excommunicated the emperor. Henry finally took Rome in 1084 and installed Clement III in his place.

Question: 교황 우르바노의 생일은 언제인가요?


Pope Urban II

Context: Urban II's movement took its first public shape at the Council of Piacenza, where, in March 1095, Urban II received an ambassador from the Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos asking for help against the Muslim Seljuk Turks who had taken over most of formerly Byzantine Anatolia. The Council of Clermont met, attended by numerous Italian, Burgundian, and French bishops. All of the sessions except the final one took place either in the cathedral of Clermont or in the suburban church of Notre-Dame-du-Port.

Question: 교황 우르바노의 생일은 언제인가요?


Pope Urban II

Context: Though the Council was primarily focused on reforms within the church hierarchy, Urban II gave a speech on 27 November 1095 at the conclusion of the Council to a broader audience. The speech was made outside in the open air to accommodate the vast crowd that had come to hear him.

Question: 교황 우르바노의 생일은 언제인가요?


Pope Urban II

Context: Urban II's sermon proved highly effective, as he summoned the attending nobility and the people to wrest the Holy Land, and the eastern churches generally, from the control of the Seljuk Turks. This was the speech that triggered the Crusades.

Question: 교황 우르바노의 생일은 언제인가요?


Pope Urban II

Context: Within Fulcher of Chartres account of pope Urban’s speech there was a promise of remission of sins for whoever took part in the crusade.All who die by the way, whether by land or by sea, or in battle against the pagans, shall have immediate remission of sins. This I grant them through the power of God with which I am invested.

Question: 교황 우르바노의 생일은 언제인가요?


Pope Urban II

Context: It is disputed whether the famous slogan "God wills it" or "It is the will of God" ("deus vult" in Latin, "Dieu le veut" in French) in fact was established as a rallying cry during the Council. While Robert the Monk says so, it is also possible that the slogan was created as a catchy propaganda motto afterwards.

Question: 교황 우르바노의 생일은 언제인가요?


Pope Urban II

Context: The most important effect of the First Crusade for Urban himself was the removal of Clement III from Rome in 1097 by one of the French armies. His restoration there was supported by Matilda of Tuscany.

Question: 교황 우르바노의 생일은 언제인가요?


Pope Urban II

Context: Urban also gave support to the crusades in Spain against the Moors there. Pope Urban was concerned that the focus on the east and Jerusalem would neglect the fight in Spain. He saw the fight in the east and in Spain as part of the same crusade so he would offer the same remission of sin for those that fought in Spain and discouraged those that wished to travel east from Spain.

Question: 교황 우르바노의 생일은 언제인가요?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: Frank Lloyd Wright was born on June 8, 1867, in the town of Richland Center, Wisconsin, but maintained throughout his life that he was born in 1869. In 1987 a biographer of Wright suggested that he may have been christened as "Frank Lincoln Wright" or "Franklin Lincoln Wright" but these assertions were not supported by any evidence.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: Wright's father, William Cary Wright (1825–1904), was a "gifted musician, orator, and sometime preacher who had been admitted to the bar in 1857". He was also a published composer. Originally from Massachusetts, William Wright had been a Baptist minister, but he later joined his wife's family in the Unitarian faith.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: Wright's mother, Anna Lloyd Jones (1838/39–1923) was a teacher and a member of the Lloyd Jones clan which had emigrated from Wales to Wisconsin. One of Anna's brothers was Jenkin Lloyd Jones, an important figure in the spread of the Unitarian faith in the Midwest.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: According to Wright's autobiography, his mother declared when she was expecting that her first child would grow up to build beautiful buildings. She decorated his nursery with engravings of English cathedrals torn from a periodical to encourage the infant's ambition.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: In 1881, soon after Wright turned 14, his parents separated. In 1884, his father sued for a divorce from Anna on the grounds of "... emotional cruelty and physical violence and spousal abandonment". Wright attended Madison High School, but there is no evidence that he graduated. His father left Wisconsin after the divorce was granted in 1885. Wright said that he never saw his father again.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: After leaving Adler & Sullivan, Wright established his own practice on the top floor of the Sullivan-designed Schiller Building on Randolph Street in Chicago. Wright chose to locate his office in the building because the tower location reminded him of the office of Adler & Sullivan. Cecil Corwin followed Wright and set up his architecture practice in the same office, but the two worked independently and did not consider themselves partners.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: By 1901, Wright had completed about 50 projects, including many houses in Oak Park. As his son John Lloyd Wright wrote:

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: Wright's residential designs of this era were known as "prairie houses" because the designs complemented the land around Chicago. Prairie Style houses often have a combination of these features: one or two stories with one-story projections, an open floor plan, low-pitched roofs with broad, overhanging eaves, strong horizontal lines, ribbons of windows (often casements), a prominent central chimney, built-in stylized cabinetry, and a wide use of natural materials—especially stone and wood.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: By 1909, Wright had begun to reject the upper-middle-class Prairie Style single-family house model, shifting his focus to a more democratic architecture. Wright went to Europe in 1909 with a portfolio of his work and presented it to Berlin publisher Ernst Wasmuth. "Studies and Executed Buildings of Frank Lloyd Wright", published in 1911, was the first major exposure of Wright's work in Europe. The work contained more than 100 lithographs of Wright's designs and is commonly known as the Wasmuth Portfolio.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: Some other early notable public buildings and projects in this era: the Larkin Administration Building (1905); the Geneva Inn (Lake Geneva, Wisconsin, 1911); the Midway Gardens (Chicago, Illinois, 1913); the Banff National Park Pavilion (Alberta, Canada, 1914).

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: Jiyu Gakuen was founded as a girls' school in 1921. The construction of the main building began in 1921 under Wright's direction and, after his departure, was continued by Endo. The school building, like the Imperial Hotel, is covered with Oya stones.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: The Yodoko Guesthouse (designed in 1918 and completed in 1924) was built as the summer villa for Tadzaemon Yamamura.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: After World War II, Wright updated the concrete block system, calling it the "Usonian Automatic" system, resulting in the construction of several notable homes. As he explained in "The Natural House" (1954), "The original blocks are made on the site by ramming concrete into wood or metal wrap-around forms, with one outside face (which may be pattered), and one rear or inside face, generally coffered, for lightness."

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: On April 20, 1925, another fire destroyed the bungalow at Taliesin. Crossed wires from a newly installed telephone system were deemed to be responsible for the blaze, which destroyed a collection of Japanese prints that Wright estimated to be worth $250,000 to $500,000 ($ to $ in ). Wright rebuilt the living quarters, naming the home "Taliesin III".

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: In 1926, Olga's ex-husband, Vlademar Hinzenburg, sought custody of his daughter, Svetlana. In October 1926, Wright and Olgivanna were accused of violating the Mann Act and arrested in Tonka Bay, Minnesota. The charges were later dropped.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: Wright and Miriam Noel's divorce was finalized in 1927. Wright was again required to wait for one year before remarrying. Wright and Olgivanna married in 1928.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: Taliesin West, Wright's winter home and studio complex in Scottsdale, Arizona, was a laboratory for Wright from 1937 to his death in 1959. It is now the home of the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: The design and construction of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York City occupied Wright from 1943 until 1959 and is probably his most recognized masterpiece. The building's unique central geometry was meant to allow visitors to easily experience Guggenheim's collection of nonobjective geometric paintings by taking an elevator to the top level and then viewing artworks by walking down the slowly descending, central spiral ramp.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: Monona Terrace, originally designed in 1937 as municipal offices for Madison, Wisconsin, was completed in 1997 on the original site, using a variation of Wright's final design for the exterior, with the interior design altered by its new purpose as a convention center. The "as-built" design was carried out by Wright's apprentice Tony Puttnam. Monona Terrace was accompanied by controversy throughout the 60 years between the original design and the completion of the structure.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: Florida Southern College, located in Lakeland, Florida, constructed 12 (out of 18 planned) Frank Lloyd Wright buildings between 1941 and 1958 as part of the Child of the Sun project. It is the world's largest single-site collection of Frank Lloyd Wright architecture.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: Wright strongly believed in individualism and did not affiliate with the American Institute of Architects during his career, going so far as to call the organization "a harbor of refuge for the incompetent," and "a form of refined gangsterism". When an associate referred to him as "an old amateur" Wright confirmed, "I am the oldest." Wright rarely credited any influences on his designs, but most architects, historians and scholars agree he had five major influences:

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: Frank Lloyd Wright was interested in site and community planning throughout his career. His commissions and theories on urban design began as early as 1900 and continued until his death. He had 41 commissions on the scale of community planning or urban design.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: Though most famous as an architect, Wright was an active dealer in Japanese art, primarily "ukiyo-e" woodblock prints. He frequently served as both architect and art dealer to the same clients; he designed a home, then provided the art to fill it. For a time, Wright made more from selling art than from his work as an architect. Wright was also an avid collector of Japanese prints and used them as teaching aids with his apprentices in what were called "print parties".

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: Wright first traveled to Japan in 1905, where he bought hundreds of prints. The following year, he helped organize the world's first retrospective exhibition of works by Hiroshige, held at the Art Institute of Chicago. For many years, he was a major presence in the Japanese art world, selling a great number of works to prominent collectors such as John Spaulding of Boston, and to prominent museums such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. He penned a book on Japanese art in 1912.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: Wright continued to collect and deal in prints until his death in 1959, using prints as collateral for loans, often relying upon his art business to remain financially solvent.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: Frank Lloyd Wright was married three times, fathering four sons and three daughters. He also adopted Svetlana Milanoff, the daughter of his third wife, Olgivanna Lloyd Wright.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: On April 4, 1959, Wright was hospitalized for abdominal pains and was operated on April 6. He seemed to be recovering, but he died quietly on April 9 at the age of 91 years. "The New York Times" then reported he was 89.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: In 1992, the Madison Opera in Madison, Wisconsin, commissioned and premiered the opera "Shining Brow", by composer Daron Hagen and librettist Paul Muldoon based on events early in Wright's life. The work has since received numerous revivals, including a June 2013 revival at Fallingwater, in Bull Run, Pennsylvania, by Opera Theater of Pittsburgh. In 2000, "", a play based on the relationship between the personal and working aspects of Wright's life, debuted at the Milwaukee Repertory Theater.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: In 1966, the United States Postal Service honored Wright with a Prominent Americans series 2¢ postage stamp.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: "So Long, Frank Lloyd Wright" is a song written by Paul Simon. Art Garfunkel has stated that the origin of the song came from his request that Simon write a song about the famous architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Simon himself stated that he knew nothing about Wright, but proceeded to write the song anyway.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: In 1957, Arizona made plans to construct a new capitol building. Believing that the submitted plans for the new capitol were tombs to the past, Frank Lloyd Wright offered "Oasis" as an alternative to the people of Arizona.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: The city of Scottsdale, Arizona renamed a portion of Bell Road, a major east–west thoroughfare in the Phoenix metropolitan area, in honor of Frank Lloyd Wright.

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Frank Lloyd Wright

Context: Eight of Wright's buildings – Fallingwater, the Guggenheim Museum, the Hollyhock House, the Jacobs House, the Robie House, Taliesin, Taliesin West, and the Unity Temple – were inscribed on the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites under the title "The 20th-century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright" in July 2019. UNESCO stated that these buildings were "innovative solutions to the needs for housing, worship, work or leisure" and "had a strong impact on the development of modern architecture in Europe".

Question: 프랭크 로이드 라이트의 고향은 어디인가?


Wolf

Context: The English "wolf" stems from the Old English , which is itself thought to be derived from the Proto-Germanic . The Proto-Indo-European root *' may also be the source of the Latin word for the animal "lupus" (*'). The name "gray wolf" refers to the grayish colour of the species.

Question: 가장 많은 늑대가 서식하는 나라는 어디인가?


Wolf

Context: Since pre-Christian times, Germanic peoples such as the Anglo-Saxons took on "wulf" as a prefix or suffix in their names. Examples include Wulfhere ("Wolf Army"), Cynewulf ("Royal Wolf"), Cēnwulf ("Bold Wolf"), Wulfheard ("Wolf-hard"), Earnwulf ("Eagle Wolf"), Wulfstān ("Wolf Stone") Æðelwulf ("Noble Wolf"), Wolfhroc ("Wolf-Frock"), Wolfhetan ("Wolf Hide"), Scrutolf ("Garb Wolf"), Wolfgang ("Wolf Gait") and Wolfdregil ("Wolf Runner").

Question: 가장 많은 늑대가 서식하는 나라는 어디인가?


Wolf

Context: In 1758, the Swedish botanist and zoologist Carl Linnaeus published in his "Systema Naturae" the binomial nomenclature. "Canis" is the Latin word meaning "dog", and under this genus he listed the doglike carnivores including domestic dogs, wolves, and jackals. He classified the domestic dog as "Canis familiaris", and the wolf as "Canis lupus". Linnaeus considered the dog to be a separate species from the wolf because of its "cauda recurvata" (upturning tail) which is not found in any other canid.

Question: 가장 많은 늑대가 서식하는 나라는 어디인가?


Wolf

Context: In more recent times, some male Italian wolves originated from dog ancestry, which indicates female wolves will breed with male dogs in the wild. In the Caucasus Mountains, ten percent of dogs including livestock guardian dogs, are first generation hybrids. Although mating between golden jackals and wolves has never been observed, evidence of jackal-wolf hybridization was discovered through mitochondrial DNA analysis of jackals living in the Caucasus Mountains and in Bulgaria.

Question: 가장 많은 늑대가 서식하는 나라는 어디인가?


Wolf

Context: In 2021, a genetic study found that the dog's similarity to the extant gray wolf was the result of substantial dog-into-wolf gene flow, with almost negligible wolf-into-dog gene flow since the dog's domestication. Some gray wolves were related to all ancient and modern dogs.

Question: 가장 많은 늑대가 서식하는 나라는 어디인가?


Wolf

Context: In Europe, wolves eat apples, pears, figs, melons, berries and cherries. In North America, wolves eat blueberries and raspberries. Wolves also eat grass, which may provide some vitamins, but is most likely used mainly to induce vomiting to rid themselves of intestinal parasites or long guard hairs. They are known to eat the berries of mountain-ash, lily of the valley, bilberries, cowberries, European black nightshade, grain crops, and the shoots of reeds.

Question: 가장 많은 늑대가 서식하는 나라는 어디인가?


Wolf

Context: In times of scarcity, wolves will readily eat carrion. In Eurasian areas with dense human activity, many wolf populations are forced to subsist largely on livestock and garbage. Prey in North America continue to occupy suitable habitats with low human density, the wolves eating livestock and garbage only in dire circumstances. Cannibalism is not uncommon in wolves during harsh winters, when packs often attack weak or injured wolves and may eat the bodies of dead pack members.

Question: 가장 많은 늑대가 서식하는 나라는 어디인가?


Wolf

Context: Wolves carry ectoparasites and endoparasites; those in the former Soviet Union have been recorded to carry at least 50 species. Most of these parasites infect wolves without adverse effects, though the effects may become more serious in sick or malnourished specimens. Parasitic infection in wolves is of particular concern to people. Wolves can spread them to dogs, which in turn can carry the parasites to humans. In areas where wolves inhabit pastoral areas, the parasites can be spread to livestock.

Question: 가장 많은 늑대가 서식하는 나라는 어디인가?


Wolf

Context: Europe, excluding Russia, Belarus and Ukraine, has 17,000 wolves in more than 28 countries. In many countries of the European Union, the wolf is strictly protected under the 1979 Berne Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (AppendixII) and the 1992 Council Directive 92/43/EEC on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora (AnnexII andIV). There is extensive legal protection in many European countries, although there are national exceptions.

Question: 가장 많은 늑대가 서식하는 나라는 어디인가?


Wolf

Context: The wolf is a common motif in the mythologies and cosmologies of peoples throughout its historical range. The Ancient Greeks associated wolves with Apollo, the god of light and order. The Ancient Romans connected the wolf with their god of war and agriculture Mars, and believed their city's founders, Romulus and Remus, were suckled by a she-wolf. Norse mythology includes the feared giant wolf Fenrir, and Geri and Freki, Odin's faithful pets.

Question: 가장 많은 늑대가 서식하는 나라는 어디인가?


Wolf

Context: In the Pawnee creation myth, the wolf was the first animal brought to Earth. When humans killed it, they were punished with death, destruction and the loss of immortality. For the Pawnee, Sirius is the "wolf star" and its disappearance and reappearance signified the wolf moving to and from the spirit world. Both Pawnee and Blackfoot call the Milky Way the "wolf trail". The wolf is also an important crest symbol for clans of the Pacific Northwest like the Kwakwakaʼwakw.

Question: 가장 많은 늑대가 서식하는 나라는 어디인가?


Wolf

Context: Human presence appears to stress wolves, as seen by increased cortisol levels in instances such as snowmobiling near their territory.

Question: 가장 많은 늑대가 서식하는 나라는 어디인가?


Wolf

Context: A review of the studies on the competitive effects of dogs on sympatric carnivores did not mention any research on competition between dogs and wolves. Competition would favour the wolf, which is known to kill dogs; however, wolves usually live in pairs or in small packs in areas with high human persecution, giving them a disadvantage when facing large groups of dogs.

Question: 가장 많은 늑대가 서식하는 나라는 어디인가?


Wolf

Context: Although the number of dogs killed each year by wolves is relatively low, it induces a fear of wolves entering villages and farmyards to prey on them. In many cultures, dogs are seen as family members, or at least working team members, and losing one can lead to strong emotional responses such as demanding more liberal hunting regulations.

Question: 가장 많은 늑대가 서식하는 나라는 어디인가?


Wolf

Context: The fear of wolves has been pervasive in many societies, though humans are not part of the wolf's natural prey. How wolves react to humans depends largely on their prior experience with people: wolves lacking any negative experience of humans, or which are food-conditioned, may show little fear of people. Although wolves may react aggressively when provoked, such attacks are mostly limited to quick bites on extremities, and the attacks are not pressed.

Question: 가장 많은 늑대가 서식하는 나라는 어디인가?


Wolf

Context: Theodore Roosevelt said wolves are difficult to hunt because of their elusiveness, sharp senses, high endurance, and ability to quickly incapacitate and kill a dog. Historic methods included killing of spring-born litters in their dens, coursing with dogs (usually combinations of sighthounds, Bloodhounds and Fox Terriers), poisoning with strychnine, and trapping.

Question: 가장 많은 늑대가 서식하는 나라는 어디인가?


Wolf

Context: Wolves and wolf-dog hybrids are sometimes kept as exotic pets. Although closely related to domestic dogs, wolves do not show the same tractability as dogs in living alongside humans, being generally less responsive to human commands and more likely to act aggressively. A person is more likely to be fatally mauled by a pet wolf or wolf-dog hybrid than by a dog.

Question: 가장 많은 늑대가 서식하는 나라는 어디인가?


Wang Mang

Context: In 23 October AD, the capital Chang'an was attacked and the imperial palace ransacked. Wang Mang died in the battle. The Han dynasty was re-established in either 23 AD when the Gengshi Emperor took the throne, or in 25 AD when Emperor Guangwu of Han took the throne after defeating the Red Eyebrows who deposed the Gengshi Emperor.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: When Wang Mang's powerful uncle, Wang Feng (王鳳, commander of the armed forces (33–22 BC) grew ill, Wang Mang cared for him day and night and attended to his medical and personal needs. Wang Feng was greatly touched, and before his death, he asked Empress Dowager Wang and Emperor Cheng to take good care of Wang Mang. Wang Mang was therefore given the post of imperial attendant (黃門郎) and later promoted to be one of the subcommanders of the imperial guards (射聲校尉).

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: Wang Mang had only a single wife, Lady Wang, and no concubines. (She had the same family name as Wang Mang which is seen as strong evidence that at this point the taboo against endogamy based on the same family name was not firmly in place in Chinese culture.) However, as later events would show, Wang was not completely faithful to his wife, even at this time.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: In 8 BC, Wang Gen, by then seriously ill, submitted his resignation and requested that Wang Mang succeed him. In winter 8 BC, Emperor Cheng made Wang Mang the commander of the armed forces (大司馬), at the age of 37.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: After Wang Mang was promoted to this position, effectively the highest in the imperial government, he became even better known for his self-discipline and promotion of capable individuals than before. As a result, the general perception of the Wang clan as arrogant, wasteful, and petty, began to be reversed.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: In 1 BC, Wang Mang, now back in power, took drastic action to attack actual or perceived political enemies:

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: Wang Mang's son, Wang Yu (王宇), disagreed with his father's dictatorial regime and program to build up his personality cult, afraid that in the future the Wangs would suffer a popular backlash once Emperor Ping was an adult. In response he formed friendships with Emperor Ping's Wei uncles, and told Consort Wei to offer assurances to Wang Mang that she would not act as Emperor Ai's mother and grandmother did, trying to become an empress dowager. Wang Mang still refused to let her visit the capital.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: Because the young Emperor Ping had not had any children by his wife Empress Wang or any of his concubines, there was no heir. Also, there were now no surviving male issue from Emperor Ping's grandfather, Emperor Yuan. The progeny of Emperor Ping's great-grandfather Emperor Xuan were therefore examined for possible successors.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: There were 53 great-grandsons of Emperor Xuan then still living by this stage and they were all adults. Wang Mang disliked that they were all adults as he wanted a child whom he could control. Therefore, he declared that it was inappropriate for members of the same generation to succeed each other (even though Emperor Ping had succeeded his cousin Emperor Ai several years earlier). He then examined the 23 great-great-grandsons of Emperor Xuan—all of whom were infants or children.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: As acting emperor, Wang reinstituted the Zhou system of five grades of nobility—duke (公, "gong"), marquess (侯, "hou"), earl (伯, "bo"), viscount (子, "zi"), and baron (男, "nan").

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: Several members of the imperial Liu clan were naturally suspicious of acting Emperor Wang's intentions. They started or were involved in several failed rebellions against Wang:

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: In 9 AD, Wang Mang made his wife, Lady Wang, empress. By this point, only two of her four sons were still alive. The older, Wang An (王安) was described as lacking in talent, so Wang made the younger, Wang Lin (王臨), crown prince, and made Wang An the Lord of Xinjia (新嘉辟). He selected many Confucian scholars to serve as advisors for Crown Prince Lin.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: Wang, grateful to his aunt Grand Empress Dowager Wang (who, however, resented him for deceiving her and usurping the throne), continued to honour her as empress dowager, but also gave her an additional title of "Wangmu" (王母), the same title carried by the mother of King Wen of Zhou, implying that she was also his mother and had helped establish a new dynasty. She died in 13 AD.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: In 10 AD, Wang set up a state economic adjustment agency, seeking to control fluctuations in the prices of food and textiles by purchasing excess goods and then selling them when the price went up. The same agency also became responsible for loaning money to entrepreneurs, at the rate of three percent per month. Six offices were set up: in Chang'an, Luoyang, Handan, Linzi (modern Zibo, Shandong), Wancheng (modern Nanyang, Henan), and Chengdu.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: In the same year, Wang Mang instituted a "sloth tax": if landowners left land uncultivated, city dwellers left their houses without trees, or citizens refused to work, there would be penalties to be paid, with textile tributes. Those unable to pay the penalties would be required to work for the state.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: In addition, Wang also instituted an unprecedented tax, an income tax at a rate of 10 percent of profits, for professionals and skilled labour. (Previously, all Chinese taxes were either head taxes or property taxes.) He also instituted a state monopoly on liquor and weapons.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: In 13 AD, during Emperor Wang Mang's rule, the Heavenly Stems were incorporated to number the years and replaced the previous system which used only the Earthly Branches.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: In 17 AD, in an attempt to refill the depleted imperial coffers, Wang instituted six monopolies on liquor, salt, iron, coinage, forestry, and fishing. However, because of rampant corruption, the imperial treasury received only limited benefit, while the people were greatly burdened. Also, in the same year Wang abolished slavery to limit the power of the landowning families, but following Wang's assassination in 23 AD, slavery was reinstituted.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: The first sign of irritation came sometime before 10 AD when the Xin director of Wuhuan affairs informed the Wuhuan tribes not to pay further tribute to Xiongnu. In response, Xiongnu carried out a punitive military raid against Wuhuan, capturing about 1,000 women and children to serve as hostages. Later, on Wang Mang's orders, Xiongnu was forced to return the Wuhuan hostages.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: The troubles for Xin with the Xiyu kingdoms started in 10 AD. In that year, Xuzhili (須置離), the King of Rear Cheshi (後車師, now part of Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture) became concerned about the great cost of hosting Xin ambassadors and considered abandoning his kingdom and fleeing to Xiongnu. Xin's Xiyu commissioner Dan Qin (但欽) summoned Xuzhili and executed him. Xuzhili's brother Hulanzhi (狐蘭之) fled to Xiongnu and then attacked Dan, inflicting severe casualties, before withdrawing.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: Because of the way Wang came to power, he also became suspicious of allowing his subordinates to have too much power. Therefore, he made all important decisions himself and did not delegate. This meant that many important decisions were delayed or never made. Further, he entrusted eunuchs to screen the reports from local governments for him, but those eunuchs would decide to relay or not relay those reports based on their own personal likes and dislikes, and many important petitions went unanswered.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: For a while, despite the failures of Wang's policies, the people were generally obedient, and his reign as Emperor looked to be on a firm footing. However, in 11 AD, the Yellow River overflowed its banks, flooding much of the surrounding land in the process. The ensuing famine led to prophecies that Wang had lost the Mandate of Heaven and that the Han dynasty would be restored.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: About 17 AD, as the burdens from the wars and the corruption continued to increase and famines occurred (there was a major famine in Jing Prefecture (modern Hubei, Hunan, and southern Henan)), several agrarian rebellions started and took hold. The more significant rebellion and rebellion leaders included:

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: In 20 AD, Wang Mang made a sudden change to his presumed heir. He deposed Crown Prince Lin based on the rationale that trouble would come from the fact that Crown Prince Lin was younger than his brother Lord An, and thus Lin should not have been crown prince in the first place. He then created Lord An the Prince of Xinqian and Wang Lin the Prince of Tongyiyang.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Wang Mang

Context: In the same year, the Lülin forces suffered the effects of a major plague which killed about half of the rebels. This caused them to divide. One branch headed west to the region of modern Jingzhou, Hubei, while the other headed north to the region of the modern Nanyang, Henan.

Question: 왕망의 족보명은 무엇인가?


Femur

Context: The upper or proximal extremity (close to the torso) contains the head, neck, the two trochanters and adjacent structures. The upper extremity is the shortest femoral extremity, the lower extremity is the thickest femoral extremity.

Question: 인간의 몸에서 가장 큰 뼈는 무엇인가?


Femur

Context: A slight ridge is sometimes seen commencing about the middle of the intertrochanteric crest, and reaching vertically downward for about 5 cm. along the back part of the body: it is called the linea quadrata (or quadrate line).

Question: 인간의 몸에서 가장 큰 뼈는 무엇인가?


Femur

Context: Each condyle is surmounted by an elevation, the epicondyle. The medial epicondyle is a large convex eminence to which the tibial collateral ligament of the knee-joint is attached. At its upper part is the adductor tubercle and behind it is a rough impression which gives origin to the medial head of the gastrocnemius. The lateral epicondyle which is smaller and less prominent than the medial, gives attachment to the fibular collateral ligament of the knee-joint.

Question: 인간의 몸에서 가장 큰 뼈는 무엇인가?


Femur

Context: A recent study revealed that bone is a much richer source of persistent DNA viruses than earlier perceived. Besides Parvovirus 19 and hepatitis B virus, ten additional ones were discovered, namely several members of the herpes- and polyomavirus families, as well as human papillomavirus 31 and torque teno virus.

Question: 인간의 몸에서 가장 큰 뼈는 무엇인가?


History of monorail

Context: The term monorail or industrial monorail is used to describe any number of transport systems in which a chair or carrier is suspended from, or rides on, an overhead rail structure. Unlike the well-known duo-rail system, there are many rail-guided transport options which have been described as monorails, so that tracing the history presents a demarcation problem regarding what should be included and what should be omitted.

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: Common usage appears to define a monorail as any rail-guided vehicle which does not employ the coning action of conventional adhesion railways to achieve directional stability. This would exclude rack railways and funicular railways. Another generally accepted rule is that the guideway or track must be narrower than the car/vehicle. Elevated, supported, cable propelled systems like the Cable Liner and MiniMetro are generally not considered to be monorails.

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: Bearing in mind the pattern of development of conventional railways, different criteria and measures of effectiveness were relevant at different times, and alternative design solutions were proposed. Hence, a monorail of the early 19th century bears little resemblance to current

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: designs, and were optimized for different performance objectives, within different technological constraints.

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: Throughout the 19th century, the Palmer design was improved, with the addition of stabilising wheels and additional rails (rendering a misnomer of 'monorail'). In 1829, Maxwell Dick introduced 'safety rails' below the running rails to reduce the likelihood of derailment. He

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: also articulated the main advantage claimed for this class of vehicle: 'the pillars or supports to be of different heights as circumstances of the country may require'. In other words, the system was better suited for crossing rough terrain.

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: In 1868, William Thorold M.I.C.E. presented a paper proposing a monorail system that could be built at ground level in or alongside roads. The Patiala State Monorail Trainways and Kundala Valley Railway were built in India on the principle that he described.

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: In 1869, J Haddon built a monorail in Syria to replace a mule train in military use. This embodied lateral guide rails, but was basically a pannier design hauled by a locomotive having double vertical steam boilers.

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: General LeRoy Stone demonstrated in 1876 his Centennial Monorail for transporting passengers, but failed to exploit the concept also on the Bradford and Foster Brook Monorail, and this was closed after only one year due to a lethal boiler explosion in 1879. Around 1879, Joseph Stringfellow devised a similar "one-rail" system for possible use as a "cheap railway" in Australia.

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: The most famous Lartigue monorail was the Listowel and Ballybunion Railway, in Ireland, which stayed in service from 1888 until 1924. Part of this railway survives as a preserved railway and tourist attraction.

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: The last Lartigue design was built in 1924 between a magnesium mine at Crystal Hills, about 100 miles north of Los Angeles, and a railhead in Trona, California. This used petrol driven locomotives, and mounted the rail on a set of wooden A frames.

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: In 1886, the Enos Electric Company demonstrated a suspended monorail on the grounds of the Daft Electric Light Company in the Greenville section of Jersey City, New Jersey, which was closer in its appearance to more modern monorails, but the most famous suspended monorail of this era was Eugen Langen's 'Schwebebahn', or floating railway, of Wuppertal, which entered service in 1901, and is still in daily use.

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: The Wuppertal monorail follows the Wupper Valley where a conventional railway is quite impractical. The suspended monorail, like the Palmer monorail appears a potentially superior solution over rough and mountainous terrain, but since the majority of the track is over more

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: favourable territory, it only rarely offers an overall better solution. Short sections in mountainous areas, such as a system built for the Ria Copper Co. by Siemens in the Pyrenees, seem to be the niche for this type of monorail. This particular example used a form of regenerative braking, such that the electricity generated by the full descending trucks was sufficient to drive the empty trucks back up the mountain.

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: In 1890 the Boynton Bicycle Railroad was built in Long Island. Designed by Jose Ramon Villalon, who would later become one of Cuba's greatest statesmen, this railroad ran on a single rail at ground level, but with an overhead stabilising rail engaged by a pair of horizontally opposed wheels. The railway operated for only two years, but the design was adopted elsewhere.

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: In 1908, Elfric Wells Chalmers Kearney (1881–1960) designed a monorail having an overhead stabilizing rail with spring-loaded vertical stabilizing wheels, but although a car was built, it never saw service.

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: Russia worked on a system similar to the Bennie Railplane in the 1930s and were even planning a 332-mile line through Turkestan with a top speed of 180 mph. Their system was unique in that it had two side by side cars suspended on one rail, and it could actually dismount from the rail to cross rivers as an amphibian and then on the other side remount the rail. And while elements of this system were tested in Moscow, the Russian government instead built a conventional rail system.

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: In the early 1930s, New York city considered a monorail system, which would have been the first in the US.

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: In 2018 a design for a gyroscopic rail car won first place at the German Mobility Award. In 2020 developers secured government funding of EUR 3.6 million to develop a prototype and it is expected testing could commence in 2022. The vehicles will be designed to run on existing but abandoned railway lines, passing each other on the existing rails.

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: The vehicles referenced above (with the exception of the still in full service Wuppertal monorail) are now little more than historical curiosities. The advantage of the monorail of crossing rough mountainous terrain was relevant to the time of expansion of railway networks over virgin country, and in most cases the conventional railway proved the

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: more appropriate solution, except for a few niches. Monorail tracks were rarely longer than 60 miles, and usually considerably shorter. The motor road vehicle finally displaced the monorail from its few niche applications.

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


History of monorail

Context: Wheel on steel characterised monorails of this early era, just as it does conventional railways, although some bicycle railways could react against the stabilizing rail to increase adhesion, improving acceleration, braking and hill climbing.

Question: 모노레일을 처음 만든 나라는 어디인가?


Military

Context: A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct military uniform. It may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of the military is usually defined as defence of the state and its interests against external armed threats.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: In broad usage, the terms "armed forces" and "military" are often treated as synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include both its military and other paramilitary forces. There are various forms of irregular military forces, not belonging to a recognized state; though they share many attributes with regular military forces, they are less often referred to as simply "military".

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: The Romans paid considerable attention to military matters, leaving to posterity many treatises and writings on the subject, as well as many lavishly carved triumphal arches and victory columns.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: The first recorded use of the word military in English, spelled , was in 1582. It comes from the Latin "militaris" (from Latin "miles", meaning "soldier") through French, but is of uncertain etymology, one suggestion being derived from "*mil-it-" – going in a body or mass.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: As a noun, the military usually refers generally to a country's armed forces, or sometimes, more specifically, to the senior officers who command them. In general, it refers to the physicality of armed forces, their personnel, equipment, and the physical area which they occupy.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Military history is often considered to be the history of all conflicts, not just the history of the state militaries. It differs somewhat from the history of war, with military history focusing on the people and institutions of war-making, while the history of war focuses on the evolution of war itself in the face of changing technology, governments, and geography.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Military history has a number of facets. One main facet is to learn from past accomplishments and mistakes, so as to more effectively wage war in the future. Another is to create a sense of military tradition, which is used to create cohesive military forces. Still, another may be to learn to prevent wars more effectively. Human knowledge about the military is largely based on both recorded and oral history of military conflicts (war), their participating armies and navies and, more recently, air forces.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Despite the growing importance of military technology, military activity depends above all on people. For example, in 2000 the British Army declared: "Man is still the first weapon of war."

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: In addition to their rank, personnel occupy one of many trade roles, which are often grouped according to the nature of the role's military tasks on combat operations: combat roles (e.g. infantry), combat support roles (e.g. combat engineers), and combat service support roles (e.g. logistical support).

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Personnel may be recruited or conscripted, depending on the system chosen by the state. Most military personnel are males; the minority proportion of female personnel varies internationally (approximately 3% in India, 10% in the UK, 13% in Sweden, 16% in the US, and 27% in South Africa). While two-thirds of states now recruit or conscript only adults, as of 2017 50 states still relied partly on children under the age of 18 (usually aged 16 or 17) to staff their armed forces.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Personnel may be posted to bases in their home country or overseas, according to operational need, and may be deployed from those bases on exercises or operations anywhere in the world. During peacetime, when military personnel are generally stationed in garrisons or other permanent military facilities, they mostly conduct administrative tasks, training and education activities, technology maintenance, and recruitment.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Initial training conditions recruits for the demands of military life, including preparedness to injure and kill other people, and to face mortal danger without fleeing. It is a physically and psychologically intensive process which resocializes recruits for the unique nature of military demands. For example:

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: The next requirement comes as a fairly basic need for the military to identify possible threats it may be called upon to face. For this purpose, some of the commanding forces and other military, as well as often civilian personnel participate in identification of these threats. This is at once an organization, a system and a process collectively called military intelligence (MI).

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: The difficulty in using military intelligence concepts and military intelligence methods is in the nature of the secrecy of the information they seek, and the clandestine nature that intelligence operatives work in obtaining what may be plans for a conflict escalation, initiation of combat, or an invasion.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Although some groups engaged in combat, such as militants or resistance movements, refer to themselves using military terminology, notably 'Army' or 'Front', none have had the structure of a national military to justify the reference, and usually have had to rely on support of outside national militaries. They also use these terms to conceal from the MI their true capabilities, and to impress potential ideological recruits.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Defense economics is the financial and monetary efforts made to resource and sustain militaries, and to finance military operations, including war.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: The process of allocating resources is conducted by determining a military budget, which is administered by a military finance organization within the military. Military procurement is then authorized to purchase or contract provision of goods and services to the military, whether in peacetime at a permanent base, or in a combat zone from local population.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Because most of the concepts and methods used by the military, and many of its systems are not found in commercial branches, much of the material is researched, designed, developed, and offered for inclusion in arsenals by military science organizations within the overall structure of the military. Military scientists are therefore found to interact with all Arms and Services of the armed forces, and at all levels of the military hierarchy of command.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Possessing military capability is not sufficient if this capability cannot be deployed for, and employed in combat operations. To achieve this, military logistics are used for the logistics management and logistics planning of the forces military supply chain management, the consumables, and capital equipment of the troops.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Although mostly concerned with the military transport, as a means of delivery using different modes of transport; from military trucks, to container ships operating from permanent military base, it also involves creating field supply dumps at the rear of the combat zone, and even forward supply points in specific unit's Tactical Area of Responsibility.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: These supply points are also used to provide military engineering services, such as the recovery of defective and derelict vehicles and weapons, maintenance of weapons in the field, the repair and field modification of weapons and equipment; and in peacetime, the life-extension programmes undertaken to allow continued use of equipment. One of the most important role of logistics is the supply of munitions as a primary type of consumable, their storage, and disposal.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: The primary reason for the existence of the military is to engage in combat, should it be required to do so by the national defence policy, and to win. This represents an organisational goal of any military, and the primary focus for military thought through military history. How victory is achieved, and what shape it assumes, is studied by most, if not all, military groups on three levels.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Operational mobility is, within warfare and military doctrine, the level of command which coordinates the minute details of tactics with the overarching goals of strategy. A common synonym is operational art.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Military tactics concerns itself with the methods for engaging and defeating the enemy in direct combat. Military tactics are usually used by units over hours or days, and are focused on the specific, close proximity tasks and objectives of squadrons, companies, battalions, regiments, brigades, and divisions, and their naval and air force equivalents.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: One of the oldest military publications is "The Art of War", by the Chinese philosopher Sun Tzu. Written in the 6th century BCE, the 13-chapter book is intended as military instruction, and not as military theory, but has had a huge influence on Asian military doctrine, and from the late 19th century, on European and United States military planning. It has even been used to formulate business tactics, and can even be applied in social and political areas.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: The Classical Greeks and the Romans wrote prolifically on military campaigning. Among the best-known Roman works are Julius Caesar's commentaries on the Gallic Wars, and the Roman Civil war – written about 50 BC.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Two major works on tactics come from the late Roman period: "Taktike Theoria" by Aelianus Tacticus, and "De Re Militari" ('On military matters') by Vegetius. "Taktike Theoria" examined Greek military tactics, and was most influential in the Byzantine world and during the Golden Age of Islam.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: "De Re Militari" formed the basis of European military tactics until the late 17th century. Perhaps its most enduring maxim is "Igitur qui desiderat pacem, praeparet bellum" (let he who desires peace prepare for war).

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Due to the changing nature of combat with the introduction of artillery in the European Middle Ages, and infantry firearms in the Renaissance, attempts were made to define and identify those strategies, grand tactics, and tactics that would produce a victory more often than that achieved by the Romans in praying to the gods before the battle.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Later this became known as military science, and later still, would adopt the scientific method approach to the conduct of military operations under the influence of the Industrial Revolution thinking. In his seminal book "On War", the Prussian Major-General and leading expert on modern military strategy, Carl von Clausewitz defined military strategy as 'the employment of battles to gain the end of war'. According to Clausewitz:

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: strategy forms the plan of the War, and to this end it links together the series of acts which are to lead to the final decision, that is to say, it makes the plans for the separate campaigns and regulates the combats to be fought in each.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Hence, Clausewitz placed political aims above military goals, ensuring civilian control of the military. Military strategy was one of a triumvirate of 'arts' or 'sciences' that governed the conduct of warfare, the others being: military tactics, the execution of plans and manoeuvring of forces in battle, and maintenance of an army.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: A major development in infantry tactics came with the increased use of trench warfare in the 19th and 20th centuries. This was mainly employed in World War I in the Gallipoli campaign, and the Western Front. Trench warfare often turned to a stalemate, only broken by a large loss of life, because, in order to attack an enemy entrenchment, soldiers had to run through an exposed 'no man's land' under heavy fire from their opposing entrenched enemy.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: As with any occupation, since the ancient times, the military has been distinguished from other members of the society by their tools, the military weapons, and military equipment used in combat. When Stone Age humans first took a sliver of flint to tip the spear, it was the first example of applying technology to improve the weapon.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Since then, the advances made by human societies, and that of weapons, has been irretrievably linked. Stone weapons gave way to Bronze Age weapons, and later, the Iron Age weapons. With each technological change, was realized some tangible increase in military capability, such as through greater effectiveness of a sharper edge in defeating leather armour, or improved density of materials used in manufacture of weapons.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: On land, the first really significant technological advance in warfare was the development of the ranged weapons, and notably, the sling. The next significant advance came with the domestication of the horses and mastering of equestrianism.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: The development of breech loading had the greatest effect on naval warfare, for the first time since the Middle Ages, altering the way weapons are mounted on warships, and therefore naval tactics, now divorced from the reliance on sails with the invention of the internal combustion. A further advance in military naval technology was the design of the submarine, and its weapon, the torpedo.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Main battle tanks, and other heavy equipment such as armoured fighting vehicles, military aircraft, and ships, are characteristic to organized military forces.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: During World War I, the need to break the deadlock of trench warfare saw the rapid development of many new technologies, particularly tanks. Military aviation was extensively used, and bombers became decisive in many battles of World War II, which marked the most frantic period of weapons development in history. Many new designs, and concepts were used in combat, and all existing technologies of warfare were improved between 1939 and 1945.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: After World War II, with the onset of the Cold War, the constant technological development of new weapons was institutionalized, as participants engaged in a constant 'arms race' in capability development. This constant state of weapons development continues into the present, and remains a constant drain on national resources, which some blame on the military–industrial complex.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: The most significant technological developments that influenced combat have been the guided missiles, which can be used by all branches of the armed services. More recently, information technology, and its use in surveillance, including space-based reconnaissance systems, have played an increasing role in military operations.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: The impact of information warfare that focuses on attacking command communication systems, and military databases, has been coupled with the new development in military technology, has been the use of robotic systems in intelligence combat, both in hardware and software applications.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Recently, there has also been a particular focus towards the use of renewable fuels for running military vehicles on. Unlike fossil fuels, renewable fuels can be produced in any country, creating a strategic advantage. The US military has committed itself to have 50% of its energy consumption come from alternative sources.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: For much of military history, the armed forces were considered to be for use by the heads of their societies, until recently, the crowned heads of states. In a democracy or other political system run in the public interest, it is a public force.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: The relationship between the military and the society it serves is a complicated and ever-evolving one. Much depends on the nature of the society itself, and whether it sees the military as important, as for example in time of threat or war, or a burdensome expense typified by defence cuts in time of peace.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: One difficult matter in the relation between military and society is control and transparency. In some countries, limited information on military operations and budgeting is accessible for the public. However transparency in the military sector is crucial to fight corruption. This showed the Government Defence Anti-corruption Index Transparency International UK published in 2013.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Militaries often function as societies within societies, by having their own military communities, economies, education, medicine, and other aspects of a functioning civilian society. Although a 'military' is not limited to nations in of itself as many private military companies (or PMC's) can be used or 'hired' by organizations and figures as security, escort, or other means of protection; where police, agencies, or militaries are absent or not trusted.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Militarist ideology is the society's social attitude of being best served, or being a beneficiary of a government, or guided by concepts embodied in the military "culture, doctrine, system", or "leaders".

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?


Military

Context: Either because of the cultural memory, national history, or the potentiality of a military threat, the militarist argument asserts that a civilian population is dependent upon, and thereby subservient to the needs and goals of its military for continued independence. Militarism is sometimes contrasted with the concepts of comprehensive national power, soft power and hard power.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 군대는 무엇인가?