Paul Harris (South African cricketer)

Context: During South Africa's 2008 tour of England Harris's bowling style was derided by English commentator and former player Geoffrey Boycott as being "buffet" bowling. In December 2009, in response to this and other criticism of the lack of spin in his bowling, he joked that "most people will say I’ve only got the straight one".

Question: পল লি হ্যারিস কোন সালে প্রথম দক্ষিণ আফ্রিকার জাতীয় দলের হয়ে মোট কতগুলি ম্যাচ খেলেন ?


Paul Harris (South African cricketer)

Context: Playing against Australia during their 2009 tour to South Africa Harris was key to ensuring a South African fightback in the third Test, taking nine wickets in the Protea's innings-and-twenty-run win. For his efforts, he was named man of the match.

Question: পল লি হ্যারিস কোন সালে প্রথম দক্ষিণ আফ্রিকার জাতীয় দলের হয়ে মোট কতগুলি ম্যাচ খেলেন ?


Paul Harris (South African cricketer)

Context: In the second Test against India in February 2010 Harris bowled 12 wides, the most wides in a Test innings, bowling over the wicket on team instructions.

Question: পল লি হ্যারিস কোন সালে প্রথম দক্ষিণ আফ্রিকার জাতীয় দলের হয়ে মোট কতগুলি ম্যাচ খেলেন ?


Paul Harris (South African cricketer)

Context: Harris was named in the Wisden Cricketers' Almanack's 40 best players of 2007. He was named South African Newcomer of the Year in the 2007 Mutual & Federal SA Cricket Awards.

Question: পল লি হ্যারিস কোন সালে প্রথম দক্ষিণ আফ্রিকার জাতীয় দলের হয়ে মোট কতগুলি ম্যাচ খেলেন ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: One campus of a major Saudi university, King Faisal University, founded in 1975, is located in Al-Ahsa with the faculties of agriculture, veterinary medicine and animal resources. The Hofuf campus also has facilities where Saudi women can study medicine, dentistry and home economics. A large branch of the private Arab Open University is also located in Al-Ahsa.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: When the Islamic call appeared, the Messenger Muhammad sent Al-Ala bin Abdullah Al-Hadrami in the seventh century AD corresponding to the eighth year of the Hijri to invite the people of Hejir to Islam, which they accepted.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: The Ottomans were expelled from Al-Ahsa in 1670, and the region came under the rule of the chiefs of Banu Khalid tribe.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: Al-Ahsa, along with Qatif, was incorporated into the Wahhabist Emirate of Diriyah in 1795, but returned to Ottoman control in 1818 with an invasion ordered by Muhammad Ali of Egypt. The Banu Khalid were again installed as rulers of the region but, in 1830, the Emirate of Nejd retook the region.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: Direct Ottoman rule was restored in 1871, and Al-Ahsa was placed first under Baghdad Vilayet and with Baghdad's subdivision Basra Vilayet in 1875. In 1913, ibn Saud, the founder of modern Saudi Arabia, annexed Al-Ahsa and Qatif into his domain of Najd.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: 627 CE: Muhammad orders the Third Raid on Banu Thalabah in Al-Taraf, now part of the Al-Ahsa governorate.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: 899: Al-Ahsa comes under control of the Qarmatian leader, Abu-Sa'id Jannabi, and is declared independent from the Abbasids of Baghdad. The capital is Al-Mu'miniya (near modern Hofuf).

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: 1440: The Jabrids take over Al-Ahsa, Qatif, Bahrain, and Kish Island, and extend their influence to eastern Nejd.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: 1521: Jabrid kingdom falls to the Muntafiq tribe of southern Iraq, who rule Al-Ahsa on behalf of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans station their garrisons in the region.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: 1818: Reconquered by the Ottoman Empire by Ottoman Egyptian forces overthrowing the First Saudi State in the process and granting the local tribe of Banu Khalid self-rule.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: 1871: The Second Saudi Dynasty loses the region to the Ottoman Empire again; however, this time it is directly ruled from Baghdad instead of by tribe of Bani Khalid under self-rule has had been the case in the past during Ottoman ownerships.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: 1913: King Abdulaziz Al Saud conquers Al-Ahsa Oasis, annexing it into his Kingdom of Najd. (This is recognised in the Treaty of Sèvres signed in 1920 with the other official partitionings of the Ottoman Empire.)

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: 1930s: Huge petroleum deposits are discovered near Dammam, resulting in rapid modernization for the region.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: According to 2005 estimate, Al-Ahsa has over 908,000 people. All are Muslims. Over the centuries, residents of the oasis have included the Banu Abdul Qays, the Banu Uqayl, and the Bani Khalid.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: Oil production and agriculture are the two main economic activities of the Al-Ahsa. Al-Ahsa is the home of some of the richest oil fields in the world.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: Manufacturing—both the traditional small-scale cottage industry kind (e.g. the traditional mantle and pottery) and large-scale industries such as cement and plastics—has also been strongly encouraged.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: Al-Ahsa International Airport (IATA: HOF) is the city's main airport. The airport is located 25 km from the city center and serves weekly local flights to Jeddah, Al-Medina and international flights to Dubai.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: The city has a railway station connecting the city with the capital Riyadh to the west and Dammam to the north

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: The main charter bus company in the kingdom, known as the Saudi Public Transport Company (SAPTCO), offers trips both within the kingdom and to its neighboring countries.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: The Al-Ahsa region boasts over 30 million palm trees. The Ministry of Agriculture has set up a factory to process its rich output of dates, amounting to five tons daily.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: The governorate of Al-Ahsa has seven "marakiz". They do not have any administrative functions, but can still be proclaimed as an administrative division.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: Al-Ahsa is a large area where a lot of villages and small towns are located. The villages are normally grouped into two main groups according to their relative location to the oasis. Although the villages lack big markets and/or hospitals, there are few good polyclinics and small markets. You can find small bank branches and automated teller machines in many villages. Recently there have been a great improvement in road maintenance and re-construction of some main roads between villages and cities.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: Al-Ahsa has a dry, tropical climate, with a five-month summer and a relatively cold winter. It enjoys the benefit of copious reserves of underground water which has allowed the area to develop its agricultural potential. Nevertheless, Al-Ahsa has to deal with tons of sand which the wind carries and deposits over the land. To counter this problem, the Kingdom has planted large barriers of trees to prevent the wind-borne sand from damaging inhabited and agricultural areas.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: One of the oldest mosques in Islam, Jawatha Mosque, is reputed to be found here, as well, and several historic remnants of Ottoman Turkish influence can be seen in buildings such as Qasr Ibrahim and the Qasr Sahood.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Al-Ahsa Governorate

Context: Many pictures of old Al-Ahsa and the Eastern Province were taken by the Danish explorer and convert to Islam Knud Holmboe (1902–1931) in his travels through the Middle East.

Question: আয়তনের দিক থেকে সৌদি আরবের সবচেয়ে বড় শহরের নাম কী ?


Human evolution

Context: Human evolution is the evolutionary process within the history of primates that led to the emergence of "Homo sapiens" as a distinct species of the hominid family, which includes the great apes. This process involved the gradual development of traits such as human bipedalism and language, as well as interbreeding with other hominins, which indicate that human evolution was not linear but a web.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: The study of human evolution involves several scientific disciplines, including physical anthropology, evolutionary anthropology, primatology, archaeology, paleontology, neurobiology, ethology, linguistics, evolutionary psychology, embryology and genetics. Genetic studies show that primates diverged from other mammals about , in the Late Cretaceous period, and the earliest fossils appear in the Paleocene, around .

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: Furthermore, the changes in the structure of human brains may be even more significant than the increase in size.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: The immediate survival advantage of encephalization is difficult to discern, as the major brain changes from "Homo erectus" to "Homo heidelbergensis" were not accompanied by major changes in technology. It has been suggested that the changes were mainly social and behavioural, including increased empathic abilities, increases in size of social groups, and increased behavioural plasticity. Encephalization may be due to a dependency on calorie-dense, difficult-to-acquire food.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: Nonetheless, humans retain a degree of sexual dimorphism in the distribution of body hair and subcutaneous fat, and in the overall size, males being around 15% larger than females. These changes taken together have been interpreted as a result of an increased emphasis on pair bonding as a possible solution to the requirement for increased parental investment due to the prolonged infancy of offspring.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: The ulnar opposition—the contact between the thumb and the tip of the little finger of the same hand—is unique to the genus "Homo", including Neanderthals, the Sima de los Huesos hominins and anatomically modern humans. In other primates, the thumb is short and unable to touch the little finger. The ulnar opposition facilitates the precision grip and power grip of the human hand, underlying all the skilled manipulations.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: The word "homo", the name of the biological genus to which humans belong, is Latin for "human". It was chosen originally by Carl Linnaeus in his classification system. The word "human" is from the Latin "humanus", the adjectival form of "homo". The Latin "homo" derives from the Indo-European root *"dhghem", or "earth". Linnaeus and other scientists of his time also considered the great apes to be the closest relatives of humans based on morphological and anatomical similarities.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: Although the brain was small (410 cm3), its shape was rounded, unlike that of chimpanzees and gorillas, and more like a modern human brain. Also, the specimen showed short canine teeth, and the position of the foramen magnum (the hole in the skull where the spine enters) was evidence of bipedal locomotion. All of these traits convinced Dart that the Taung Child was a bipedal human ancestor, a transitional form between apes and humans.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: During the 1960s and 1970s, hundreds of fossils were found in East Africa in the regions of the Olduvai Gorge and Lake Turkana. These searches were carried out by the Leakey family, with Louis Leakey and his wife Mary Leakey, and later their son Richard and daughter-in-law Meave, fossil hunters and paleoanthropologists. From the fossil beds of Olduvai and Lake Turkana they amassed specimens of the early hominins: the australopithecines and "Homo" species, and even "Homo erectus".

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: In their seminal 1967 paper in "Science", Sarich and Wilson estimated the divergence time of humans and apes as four to five million years ago, at a time when standard interpretations of the fossil record gave this divergence as at least 10 to as much as 30 million years. Subsequent fossil discoveries, notably "Lucy", and reinterpretation of older fossil materials, notably "Ramapithecus", showed the younger estimates to be correct and validated the albumin method.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: Progress in DNA sequencing, specifically mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and then Y-chromosome DNA (Y-DNA) advanced the understanding of human origins. Application of the molecular clock principle revolutionized the study of molecular evolution.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: Furthermore, analysis of the two species' genes in 2006 provides evidence that after human ancestors had started to diverge from chimpanzees, interspecies mating between "proto-human" and "proto-chimpanzees" nonetheless occurred regularly enough to change certain genes in the new gene pool:

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: A new comparison of the human and chimpanzee genomes suggests that after the two lineages separated, they may have begun interbreeding... A principal finding is that the X chromosomes of humans and chimpanzees appear to have diverged about 1.2 million years more recently than the other chromosomes.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: There were in fact two splits between the human and chimpanzee lineages, with the first being followed by interbreeding between the two populations and then a second split. The suggestion of a hybridization has startled paleoanthropologists, who nonetheless are treating the new genetic data seriously.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: In the 1990s, several teams of paleoanthropologists were working throughout Africa looking for evidence of the earliest divergence of the hominin lineage from the great apes. In 1994, Meave Leakey discovered "Australopithecus anamensis". The find was overshadowed by Tim D. White's 1995 discovery of "Ardipithecus ramidus", which pushed back the fossil record to .

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: In 2000, Martin Pickford and Brigitte Senut discovered, in the Tugen Hills of Kenya, a 6-million-year-old bipedal hominin which they named "Orrorin tugenensis". And in 2001, a team led by Michel Brunet discovered the skull of "Sahelanthropus tchadensis" which was dated as , and which Brunet argued was a bipedal, and therefore a hominid—that is, a hominin ( Hominidae; terms "hominids" and hominins).

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: Sequencing mtDNA and Y-DNA sampled from a wide range of indigenous populations revealed ancestral information relating to both male and female genetic heritage, and strengthened the "out of Africa" theory and weakened the views of multiregional evolutionism. Aligned in genetic tree differences were interpreted as supportive of a recent single origin.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: "Out of Africa" has thus gained much support from research using female mitochondrial DNA and the male Y chromosome. After analysing genealogy trees constructed using 133 types of mtDNA, researchers concluded that all were descended from a female African progenitor, dubbed Mitochondrial Eve. "Out of Africa" is also supported by the fact that mitochondrial genetic diversity is highest among African populations.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: On the basis of the early date of Badoshan Iranian Aurignacian, Oppenheimer suggests that this second dispersal may have occurred with a pluvial period about 50,000 years before the present, with modern human big-game hunting cultures spreading up the Zagros Mountains, carrying modern human genomes from Oman, throughout the Persian Gulf, northward into Armenia and Anatolia, with a variant travelling south into Israel and to Cyrenicia.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: Recent genetic evidence suggests that all modern non-African populations, including those of Eurasia and Oceania, are descended from a single wave that left Africa between 65,000 and 50,000 years ago.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: The closest living relatives of humans are bonobos and chimpanzees (both genus "Pan") and gorillas (genus "Gorilla"). With the sequencing of both the human and chimpanzee genome, estimates of the similarity between their DNA sequences range between 95% and 99%. By using the technique called the molecular clock which estimates the time required for the number of divergent mutations to accumulate between two lineages, the approximate date for the split between lineages can be calculated.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: Genetic evidence has also been employed to compare species within the genus "Homo", investigating gene flow between early modern humans and Neanderthals, and to enhance the understanding of the early human migration patterns and splitting dates. By comparing the parts of the genome that are not under natural selection and which therefore accumulate mutations at a fairly steady rate, it is possible to reconstruct a genetic tree incorporating the entire human species since the last shared ancestor.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: Each time a certain mutation (single-nucleotide polymorphism) appears in an individual and is passed on to his or her descendants, a haplogroup is formed including all of the descendants of the individual who will also carry that mutation. By comparing mitochondrial DNA which is inherited only from the mother, geneticists have concluded that the last female common ancestor whose genetic marker is found in all modern humans, the so-called mitochondrial Eve, must have lived around 200,000 years ago.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: Human evolutionary genetics studies how human genomes differ among individuals, the evolutionary past that gave rise to them, and their current effects. Differences between genomes have anthropological, medical and forensic implications and applications. Genetic data can provide important insight into human evolution.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: This migration out of Africa is estimated to have begun about 70–50,000 years BP and modern humans subsequently spread globally, replacing earlier hominins either through competition or hybridization. They inhabited Eurasia and Oceania by 40,000 years BP, and the Americas by at least 14,500 years BP.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: For example, comparative studies in the mid-2010s found several traits related to neurological, immunological, developmental, and metabolic phenotypes, that were developed by archaic humans to European and Asian environments and inherited to modern humans through admixture with local hominins.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: Although the narratives of human evolution are often contentious, several discoveries since 2010 show that human evolution should not be seen as a simple linear or branched progression, but a mix of related species. In fact, genomic research has shown that hybridization between substantially diverged lineages is the rule, not the exception, in human evolution. Furthermore, it is argued that hybridization was an essential creative force in the emergence of modern humans.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: The evolutionary history of the primates can be traced back 65 million years. One of the oldest known primate-like mammal species, the "Plesiadapis", came from North America; another, "Archicebus", came from China. Other similar basal primates were widespread in Eurasia and Africa during the tropical conditions of the Paleocene and Eocene.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: Based on archaeological and paleontological evidence, it has been possible to infer, to some extent, the ancient dietary practices of various "Homo" species and to study the role of diet in physical and behavioral evolution within "Homo".

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: Some anthropologists and archaeologists subscribe to the Toba catastrophe theory, which posits that the supereruption of Lake Toba on Sumatran island in Indonesia some 70,000 years ago caused global consequences, killing the majority of humans and creating a population bottleneck that affected the genetic inheritance of all humans today. The genetic and archaeological evidence for this remains in question however.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: These are proposed species names for fossils from about 1.9–1.6 Ma, whose relation to "Homo habilis" is not yet clear.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: "H. heidelbergensis" ("Heidelberg Man") lived from about 800,000 to about 300,000 years ago. Also proposed as "Homo sapiens heidelbergensis" or "Homo sapiens paleohungaricus".

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: "Homo neanderthalensis", alternatively designated as "Homo sapiens neanderthalensis", lived in Europe and Asia from 400,000 to about 28,000 years ago.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: There are a number of clear anatomical differences between anatomically modern humans (AMH) and Neanderthal specimens, many relating to the superior Neanderthal adaptation to cold environments. Neanderthal surface to volume ratio was even lower than that among modern Inuit populations, indicating superior retention of body heat.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: All modern non-African humans have about 1% to 4% (or 1.5% to 2.6% by more recent data) of their DNA derived from Neanderthals. This finding is consistent with recent studies indicating that the divergence of some human alleles dates to one Ma, although this interpretation has been questioned. Neanderthals and AMH "Homo sapiens" could have co-existed in Europe for as long as 10,000 years, during which AMH populations exploded, vastly outnumbering Neanderthals, possibly outcompeting them by sheer numbers.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: In 2008, archaeologists working at the site of Denisova Cave in the Altai Mountains of Siberia uncovered a small bone fragment from the fifth finger of a juvenile member of another human species, the Denisovans. Artifacts, including a bracelet, excavated in the cave at the same level were carbon dated to around 40,000 BP. As DNA had survived in the fossil fragment due to the cool climate of the Denisova Cave, both mtDNA and nuclear DNA were sequenced.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: Studies of a Neanderthal child at Gibraltar show from brain development and tooth eruption that Neanderthal children may have matured more rapidly than Homo sapiens.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: In 2016, fossil teeth and a partial jaw from hominins assumed to be ancestral to "H. floresiensis" were discovered at Mata Menge, about from Liang Bua. They date to about 700,000 years ago and are noted by Australian archaeologist Gerrit van den Bergh for being even smaller than the later fossils.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: A small number of specimens from the island of Luzon, dated 50,000 to 67,000 years ago, have recently been assigned by their discoverers, based on dental characteristics, to a novel human species, "H. luzonensis".

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: The Toba catastrophe theory, which postulates a population bottleneck for "H. sapiens" about 70,000 years ago, was controversial from its first proposal in the 1990s and by the 2010s had very little support. Distinctive human genetic variability has arisen as the result of the founder effect, by archaic admixture and by recent evolutionary pressures.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: Precisely when early humans started to use tools is difficult to determine, because the more primitive these tools are (for example, sharp-edged stones) the more difficult it is to decide whether they are natural objects or human artifacts. There is some evidence that the australopithecines (4 Ma) may have used broken bones as tools, but this is debated.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: Archaeologists working in the Great Rift Valley in Kenya have discovered the oldest known stone tools in the world. Dated to around 3.3 million years ago, the implements are some 700,000 years older than stone tools from Ethiopia that previously held this distinction.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: Until about 50,000–40,000 years ago, the use of stone tools seems to have progressed stepwise. Each phase ("H. habilis", "H. ergaster", "H. neanderthalensis") marked a new technology, followed by very slow development until the next phase. Currently paleoanthropologists are debating whether these "Homo" species possessed some or many modern human behaviors. They seem to have been culturally conservative, maintaining the same technologies and foraging patterns over very long periods.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: Recent human evolution related to agriculture includes genetic resistance to infectious disease that has appeared in human populations by crossing the species barrier from domesticated animals, as well as changes in metabolism due to changes in diet, such as lactase persistence.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: In contemporary times, since industrialization, some trends have been observed: for instance, menopause is evolving to occur later. Other reported trends appear to include lengthening of the human reproductive period and reduction in cholesterol levels, blood glucose and blood pressure in some populations.<ref name="doi10.1073/pnas.0906199106"></ref>

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Human evolution

Context: This list is in chronological order across the table by genus. Some species/subspecies names are well-established, and some are less established – especially in genus "Homo". Please see articles for more information.

Question: মানুষের উদ্ভবের ও বিকাশের বিবর্তন তত্ত্বটি কবে প্রথম প্রকাশিত হয় ?


Ankara University

Context: The Department of Japanese Language and Literature was awarded the Japanese Foreign Minister’s Commendation for their contributions to promotion of Japanese language education in Turkey on December 1, 2020.

Question: তুরস্কের সর্বপ্রথম প্রতিষ্ঠিত বিশ্ববিদ্যালয় কোনটি ?


History of robots

Context: The history of robots has its origins in the ancient world. During the industrial revolution, humans developed the structural engineering capability to control electricity so that machines could be powered with small motors. In the early 20th century, the notion of a humanoid machine was developed.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: The first uses of modern robots were in factories as industrial robots. These industrial robots were fixed machines capable of manufacturing tasks which allowed production with less human work. Digitally programmed industrial robots with artificial intelligence have been built since the 2000s.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: Concepts of artificial servants and companions date at least as far back as the ancient legends of Cadmus, who is said to have sown dragon teeth that turned into soldiers, and Pygmalion whose statue of Galatea came to life. Many ancient mythologies included artificial people, such as the talking mechanical handmaidens (Ancient Greek: (Kourai Maspero|publisher=BoD|year=2009|isbn=9783861950967|pages=108}}</ref>

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: The Buddhist scholar Daoxuan (596-667 AD) described humanoid automata crafted from metals that recite sacred texts in a cloister which housed a fabulous clock. The "precious metal-people" weeped when Buddha Shakyamuni died. Humanoid automations also feature in the Epic of King Gesar, a Central Asian cultural hero.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: In the 4th century BC the mathematician Archytas of Tarentum postulated a mechanical bird he called "The Pigeon", which was propelled by steam. Taking up the earlier reference in Homer's Iliad, Aristotle speculated in his "Politics" (ca. 322 BC, book 1, part 4) that automata could someday bring about human equality by making possible the abolition of slavery:

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: There is only one condition in which we can imagine managers not needing subordinates, and masters not needing slaves. This condition would be that each instrument could do its own work, at the word of command or by intelligent anticipation, like the statues of Daedalus or the tripods made by Hephaestus, of which Homer relates that "Of their own motion they entered the conclave of Gods on Olympus", as if a shuttle should weave of itself, and a plectrum should do its own harp playing.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: Among the first verifiable automation is a humanoid drawn by Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) in around 1495. Leonardo's notebooks, rediscovered in the 1950s, contain detailed drawings of a mechanical knight in armor which was able to sit up, wave its arms and move its head and jaw. In the mid 1400s, Johannes Müller von Königsberg created an automaton eagle and fly made of iron; both could fly. John Dee is also known for creating a wooden beetle, capable of flying.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: In the 1770s the Swiss Pierre Jaquet-Droz created moving automata that looked like children, which delighted Mary Shelley, who went on to write "". The ultimate attempt at automation was The Turk by Wolfgang von Kempelen, a sophisticated machine that could play chess against a human opponent and toured Europe. When the machine was brought to the new world, it prompted Edgar Allan Poe to pen an essay, in which he concluded that it was impossible for mechanical devices to reason or think.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: Starting in 1900, L. Frank Baum introduced contemporary technology into children's books in the Oz series. In "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz" (1900) Baum told the story of the cyborg Tin Woodman, a human woodcutter who had his limbs, head and body replaced by a tinsmith after his wicked axe had severed them. In "Ozma of Oz" (1907) Baum describes the copper clockwork man Tik-Tok, who needs to be continuously wound up and runs down at inopportune moments.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: Westinghouse Electric Corporation built Televox in 1926; it was a cardboard cutout connected to various devices which users could turn on and off. In 1927, Fritz Lang's Metropolis was released; the Maschinenmensch ("machine-human"), a gynoid humanoid robot, also called "Parody", "Futura", "Robotrix", or the "Maria impersonator" (played by German actress Brigitte Helm), was the first robot ever to be depicted on film.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: In 1939 Konrad Zuse constructed the first programmable electromechanical computer, laying the foundation for the construction of a humanoid machine that is now deemed a robot. The practical application of binary logic to electric switches had been demonstrated by Claude Shannon, but his calculator was not programmable.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: In 1941 and 1942, Isaac Asimov formulated the Three Laws of Robotics, and in the process coined the word "robotics". In 1945 Vannevar Bush published As We May Think, an essay that investigated the potential of electronic data processing. He predicted the rise of computers, digital word processors, voice recognition and machine translation. He was later credited by Ted Nelson, the inventor of hypertext.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: Walter stressed the importance of using purely analogue electronics to simulate brain processes at a time when his contemporaries such as Alan Turing and John von Neumann were all turning towards a view of mental processes in terms of digital computation. Walter's work inspired subsequent generations of robotics researchers such as Rodney Brooks, Hans Moravec and Mark Tilden. Modern incarnations of Walter's "turtles" may be found in the form of BEAM robotics.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: In 1951 Walter published the paper "A Machine that learns", documenting how his more advanced mechanical robots acted as intelligent agent by demonstrating conditioned reflex learning.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: Unimate, the first digitally operated and programmable robot, was invented by George Devol in 1954 and "represents the foundation of the modern robotics industry."

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: In Japan, robots became popular comic book characters. Robots became cultural icons and the Japanese government was spurred into funding research into robotics. Among the most iconic characters was the Astro Boy, who is taught human feelings such as love, courage and self-doubt. Culturally, robots in Japan became regarded as helpmates to their human counterparts.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: The introduction of transistors into computers in the mid-1950s reduced their size and increased performance. Therefore, computing and programming could be incorporated into a range of applications, including automation. In 1959 researchers of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) demonstrated computer-assisted manufacturing.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: Freddy and Freddy II were robots built at the University of Edinburgh School of Informatics by Pat Ambler, Robin Popplestone, Austin Tate, and Donald Mitchie, and were capable of assembling wooden blocks in a period of several hours. German based company KUKA built the world's first industrial robot with six electromechanically driven axes, known as FAMULUS.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: In 1974, Michael J. Freeman created Leachim, a robot teacher who was programmed with the class curricular, as well as certain biographical information on the 40 students whom Leachim was programmed to teach. Leachim had the ability to synthesize human speech. Leachim was tested in a fourth grade classroom in the Bronx borough of New York City.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: In 1974, David Silver designed The Silver Arm, which was capable of fine movements replicating human hands. Feedback was provided by touch and pressure sensors and analyzed by a computer. The SCARA, Selective Compliance Assembly Robot Arm, was created in 1978 as an efficient, 4-axis robotic arm. Best used for picking up parts and placing them in another location, the SCARA was introduced to assembly lines in 1981.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: The Stanford Cart successfully crossed a room full of chairs in 1979. It relied primarily on stereo vision to navigate and determine distances. The Robotics Institute at Carnegie Mellon University was founded in 1979 by Raj Reddy.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: Takeo Kanade created the first "direct-drive arm" in 1981. The first of its kind, the arm's motors were contained within the robot itself, eliminating long transmissions.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: In 1984 Wabot-2 was revealed; capable of playing the organ, Wabot-2 had 10 fingers and two feet. Wabot-2 was able to read a score of music and accompany a person.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: In 1994 one of the most successful robot-assisted surgery appliances was cleared by the FDA. The Cyberknife had been invented by John R. Adler and the first system was installed at Stanford University in 1991. This radiosurgery system integrated image-guided surgery with robotic positioning. The Cyberknife is now deployed to treat patients with brain or spine tumors. An x-ray camera tracks displacement and compensates for motion caused by breathing.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: The biomimetic robot RoboTuna was built by doctoral student David Barrett at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1996 to study how fish swim in water. RoboTuna is designed to swim and to resemble a bluefin tuna.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: Honda's P2 humanoid robot was first shown in 1996. Standing for "Prototype Model 2", P2 was an integral part of Honda's humanoid development project; over tall, P2 was smaller than its predecessors and appeared to be more human-like in its motions.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: In April 2001, the Canadarm2 was launched into orbit and attached to the International Space Station. The Canadarm2 is a larger, more capable version of the arm used by the Space Shuttle, and is hailed as "smarter". Also in April, the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Global Hawk made the first autonomous non-stop flight over the Pacific Ocean from Edwards Air Force Base in California to RAAF Base Edinburgh in Southern Australia. The flight was made in 22 hours.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: Robonaut 2, the latest generation of the astronaut helpers, was launched to the space station aboard Space Shuttle Discovery on the STS-133 mission in 2011. It is the first humanoid robot in space, and although its primary job for now is teaching engineers how dextrous robots behave in space; the hope is that through upgrades and advancements, it could one day venture outside the station to help spacewalkers make repairs or additions to the station or perform scientific work.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: On 25 October 2017 at the Future Investment Summit in Riyadh, a robot called Sophia and referred to with female pronouns was granted Saudi Arabian citizenship, becoming the first robot ever to have a nationality. This has attracted controversy, as it is not obvious whether this implies that Sophia can vote or marry, or whether a deliberate system shutdown can be considered murder; as well, it is controversial considering how few rights are given to Saudi human women.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: Commercial and industrial robots are now in widespread use performing jobs more cheaply or with greater accuracy and reliability than humans. They are also employed for tasks that are too dirty, dangerous or dull to be suitable for humans. Robots are widely used in manufacturing, assembly and packing, transport, Earth and space exploration, surgery, weaponry, laboratory research, and mass production of consumer and industrial goods.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: In 2019, engineers at the University of Pennsylvania created millions of nanorobots in just a few weeks using technology borrowed from semiconductors. These microscopic robots, small enough to be hypodermically injected into the human body and controlled wirelessly, could one day deliver medications and perform surgeries, revolutionizing medicine and health.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


History of robots

Context: With recent advances in computer hardware and data management software, artificial representations of humans are also becoming widespread. Examples include OpenMRS and EMRBots.

Question: বিশ্বের প্রথম মানবিক রোবটের নাম কী ?


Barasat

Context: During the Mogul period, Sankar Chakraborty (a commander of the zamindar Pratapaditya and king of Jessore in present-day Bangladesh) came to Barasat, Kolkata in 1600 and established himself. In 1700, Hazarat Ekdil Shah moved to the town and was known as a social reformer. His tomb, in Kazipara, is a pilgrimage site for the Muslim community. Pratapaditya made his way to Kolkata from Jessore; Sirajudullah went to Kolkata from Murshidabad via Barasat on a road which became two national highways.

Question: উত্তর চব্বিশ পরগণা জেলার সদর শহর বারাসাত থেকে নেতাজী সুভাষ চন্দ্র বসু আন্তর্জাতিক বিমানবন্দরটির মোট দূরত্ব কত ?


Barasat

Context: Under the British Raj, East India Company officials from Calcutta (Kolkata) made Barasat a weekend retreat and built houses with gardens. Warren Hastings built his villa in the heart of Barasat and Bankim Chandra Chatterjee was the town's first Indian deputy magistrate.

Question: উত্তর চব্বিশ পরগণা জেলার সদর শহর বারাসাত থেকে নেতাজী সুভাষ চন্দ্র বসু আন্তর্জাতিক বিমানবন্দরটির মোট দূরত্ব কত ?


Barasat

Context: Indigo cultivation was a major industry and indigo merchants were known for their inhumane treatment of farmers. Titumir, a farmer, fomented a revolution against indigo merchants in Barasat. Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar, Pyari Charan Sarkar and Kalikrishna Mitra were known for social reformation in the town, including women's education and widow remarriage. During the early nineteenth century, Barasat Cadet College trained new recruits and cadets from Europe; the college closed in 1811.

Question: উত্তর চব্বিশ পরগণা জেলার সদর শহর বারাসাত থেকে নেতাজী সুভাষ চন্দ্র বসু আন্তর্জাতিক বিমানবন্দরটির মোট দূরত্ব কত ?


Barasat

Context: From 1834 to 1861, Barasat was the seat of Barasat District. The district became a subdivision of the Twenty-four Parganas district in 1861, and Barasat is the headquarters of North 24 Parganas district.

Question: উত্তর চব্বিশ পরগণা জেলার সদর শহর বারাসাত থেকে নেতাজী সুভাষ চন্দ্র বসু আন্তর্জাতিক বিমানবন্দরটির মোট দূরত্ব কত ?


Barasat

Context: Barasat is located in eastern India's Ganges Delta. The Bangladesh border, at Petrapole, is from the city.

Question: উত্তর চব্বিশ পরগণা জেলার সদর শহর বারাসাত থেকে নেতাজী সুভাষ চন্দ্র বসু আন্তর্জাতিক বিমানবন্দরটির মোট দূরত্ব কত ?


Barasat

Context: Its average elevation is . The nearest river is the Ganges, about to the west, and it is on the Gangetic plain.

Question: উত্তর চব্বিশ পরগণা জেলার সদর শহর বারাসাত থেকে নেতাজী সুভাষ চন্দ্র বসু আন্তর্জাতিক বিমানবন্দরটির মোট দূরত্ব কত ?


Barasat

Context: The area covered in the map alongside is largely a part of the north Bidyadhari Plain. located in the lower Ganges Delta. The area is flat. It is a little raised above flood level and the highest ground borders the river channels. 54.67% of the people of the densely populated area lives in the urban areas and 45.33% lives in the rural areas.

Question: উত্তর চব্বিশ পরগণা জেলার সদর শহর বারাসাত থেকে নেতাজী সুভাষ চন্দ্র বসু আন্তর্জাতিক বিমানবন্দরটির মোট দূরত্ব কত ?


Barasat

Context: Barasat has a tropical climate similar to the rest West Bengal. The region experiences a monsoon from early June to mid-September. The climate is dry in winter (mid-November to mid-February) and humid in summer. January is the coldest month and May is the hottest month in Barasat. Months of July and August produces most rainfall in Barasat.

Question: উত্তর চব্বিশ পরগণা জেলার সদর শহর বারাসাত থেকে নেতাজী সুভাষ চন্দ্র বসু আন্তর্জাতিক বিমানবন্দরটির মোট দূরত্ব কত ?


Barasat

Context: Cotton weaving is Barasat's major industry, and the town is a trade centre for rice, legumes, sugarcane, potatoes, and coconuts. Now it is becoming a shopping destination with various malls including all major brands and multiplexes.

Question: উত্তর চব্বিশ পরগণা জেলার সদর শহর বারাসাত থেকে নেতাজী সুভাষ চন্দ্র বসু আন্তর্জাতিক বিমানবন্দরটির মোট দূরত্ব কত ?


Barasat

Context: About 32,00,000 people commute daily from around the city to Barasat. Fifty-eight trains transport commuters from 24 stations in the town's Sealdah-Bangaon section and 32 trains carry commuters from 30 stations in the Seadah-Hasnabad section.

Question: উত্তর চব্বিশ পরগণা জেলার সদর শহর বারাসাত থেকে নেতাজী সুভাষ চন্দ্র বসু আন্তর্জাতিক বিমানবন্দরটির মোট দূরত্ব কত ?


Barasat

Context: Although Barasat Municipality was established on 1 April 1869, it had no independent existence until 1882. It was controlled by the magistrate office (and its magistrate), without a chairman. In 1882, Barasat Municipality was formed and a local government was created. Barasat Association, a citizen organization, donated land for the construction of municipal buildings.

Question: উত্তর চব্বিশ পরগণা জেলার সদর শহর বারাসাত থেকে নেতাজী সুভাষ চন্দ্র বসু আন্তর্জাতিক বিমানবন্দরটির মোট দূরত্ব কত ?


Barasat

Context: Barasat is divided into 29 mouzas. There were originally four wards, later increasing to 18. After surrounding panchayats were incorporated in 1995, the number of wards increased to 32. In 2015, before the municipal election, the number of wards increased to 35.

Question: উত্তর চব্বিশ পরগণা জেলার সদর শহর বারাসাত থেকে নেতাজী সুভাষ চন্দ্র বসু আন্তর্জাতিক বিমানবন্দরটির মোট দূরত্ব কত ?


Barasat

Context: Barasat is part of the Kolkata Metropolitan Area, for which the KMDA is the statutory planning and development authority. The KMDA manages the area's infrastructure development.

Question: উত্তর চব্বিশ পরগণা জেলার সদর শহর বারাসাত থেকে নেতাজী সুভাষ চন্দ্র বসু আন্তর্জাতিক বিমানবন্দরটির মোট দূরত্ব কত ?


Barasat

Context: The district court handles local and national cases. The Barasat police have a jurisdiction of , and serves a population of 417,663 in the Barasat municipal area. There are two police outposts (in Barasat and Badu), and a women's police station (in KNC Road, near Barasat Govt College) in the town.

Question: উত্তর চব্বিশ পরগণা জেলার সদর শহর বারাসাত থেকে নেতাজী সুভাষ চন্দ্র বসু আন্তর্জাতিক বিমানবন্দরটির মোট দূরত্ব কত ?


Barasat

Context: The Zilla Parishad of North 24 Parganas was founded on 26 June 1986, with the north–south bifurcation of the 24 Parganas district. The highest tier of the three-tier panchayati raj system, its headquarters are at Barasat. It has six riverine panchayat samitis in the Sundarbans, which has a saline tract on one side and rich alluvial tracts of the Ichamati River basin and industrial belt of Barrackpore on the other side. Its territory extends on the east to the Bangladesh border.

Question: উত্তর চব্বিশ পরগণা জেলার সদর শহর বারাসাত থেকে নেতাজী সুভাষ চন্দ্র বসু আন্তর্জাতিক বিমানবন্দরটির মোট দূরত্ব কত ?


Context: Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, commonly known by the acronym BUET, is a public technological research university in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Founded in 1876 as the Dacca Survey School, it is the oldest institution for the study of engineering, architecture and urban planning in Bangladesh.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: A large number of BUET alumni are active in notable engineering and non-engineering roles in Bangladesh and abroad.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: Dacca Survey School was established in 1876 at Nalgola, west of the current Sir Salimullah Medical College campus, in Old Dhaka by the Government of Bengal under British Raj. It offered two-year engineering and survey courses toward the Sub-Overseer's examination, which certified land surveyors.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: The school offered three-year diploma courses in civil engineering, electrical engineering and mechanical engineering in 1908. In 1912, the university was moved to its present premises. In 1938, A. K. Fazlul Huq, the then Prime Minister of Bengal, appointed Hakim Ali as the principal of the school.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: After the partition of India in 1947, Chief Minister of East Bengal Sir Khwaja Nazimuddin approved the school to be upgraded to Ahsanullah Engineering College, as a Faculty of Engineering under the University of Dhaka, offering four-year bachelor's course in civil, electrical, mechanical, chemical and metallurgical engineering.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: A partnership with the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas (renamed Texas A&M University) was forged, and professors from A&M came to teach and formulate the curriculum. During this period, EPUET offered courses in mechanical, electrical, civil, metallurgical, and chemical engineering, and architecture.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: After the liberation war of 1971, and Bangladesh's independence, EPUET was renamed to Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET).

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: In 2002, a first year student in the chemical engineering department, Sony, was killed during a factional clash between two feuding groups of the Jatiyatabadi Chhatra Dal (JCD) at BUET. The two factions exchanged gunfire and she was caught in the line of fire.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: In 2007, BUET celebrated 60 years (1947–2007) of engineering education in Bangladesh by arranging a 6-month-long series of programs and events.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: In February 2021, BUET and Chinese multinational technology company Huawei signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to establish the first ICT Academy in Bangladesh on BUET campus.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: On 21 June 2021, BUET and Saitama University, Japan signed second renewal of the agreement on academic exchange and the memorandum on student exchange between the two institutions. Saitama University (SU) and BUET have had a long-standing relationship for the past 20 years.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: In January 2022, BUET was ranked 1st among Bangladeshi and 1589th among global educational institutions in the Webometrics Ranking of World Universities.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: BUET has an urban campus located in the Palashi area of Dhaka. The campus houses academic and administrative buildings, residential halls for students and other amenities.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: Academic activities are undertaken by 18 departments under five faculties. Twelve departments offer undergraduate courses, all of which, except the Department of Humanities, offer postgraduate courses as well.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: At present, there are six institutes in BUET. These institutes offer postgraduate diplomas, master's and doctoral degrees.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: BUET has been ranked 199th among the Asian universities in the 2021 edition of QS World University Rankings. BUET has been ranked No. 801-1000 among all universities on QS World University Rankings 2022. Only two Bangladeshi universities have been ranked in the 2021 edition of Times Higher Education World University Rankings, BUET is one of them.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: After the independence of Bangladesh and the subsequent name change, the first convocation of the university was held in 1973. Since then, convocations have been held in 1976, 1992, 1993, 1997, 2001, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2011 and 2019.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: The Chancellor is the ceremonial head of the university who appoints the Vice-chancellor. The position is held by the incumbent President of Bangladesh. The Vice-chancellor is the executive head of the university. The position is always held by a senior Professor of the university. The university is administered by the University Syndicate which is chaired by the Vice-chancellor.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: Members of the Syndicate include Deans of several faculties, Director General of Secondary and Higher Education in Bangladesh, Director General of Technical Education in Bangladesh, eminent academics from this university as well as from other famous public universities. Each of the faculties is headed by a Dean and each of the departments is chaired by a Head of the department.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: They are generally full professors from their respective faculties and departments. Institutes, Research Centers and Directorates are headed by the Directors who are full professors from relevant fields of research. Other major administrative posts include the Registrar, the Comptroller and the Controller of Exams.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: The University Syndicate is the supreme authority in major policy-making matters and in approving recommendations. The Finance Committee, the Planning and Development Committee and other committees assist the Syndicate in matters important for the proper functioning of the university. The Academic Council is the supreme body for formulating academic rules and regulations to which the CASR, Boards of Undergraduate and Postgraduate Studies and the Faculties recommend.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: The Undergraduate admission test is one of the most intensive written examinations in Bangladesh. After completion of higher secondary level (HSC) education, a student can submit her or his application for undergraduate admission if he/she fulfills the minimum requirements.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: The students with the best grades in Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, English & Bengali on their Higher Secondary School Certificate (HSC) examination are allowed to take the admission test. The screening process allows 20,000 students to sit for the admission test based on the cumulative sum of their GPA in those five subjects.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: After the competitive admission test, only about 1,275 students get selected on the basis of merit and are offered admission. The admission test is of 600 marks, with 60 questions carrying 10 marks each. 20 questions are from physics, 20 from chemistry and 20 from mathematics.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: There are 26 seats for foreign students at the undergraduate level. The pre-requisite qualification for admission is HSC or GCE A-level or its equivalent with high grades in Mathematics, Physics, and Chemistry. The admission fee is $200; the course registration fee is US$50 per credit hour and the approximate cost of food, lodging etc. is US$100 per month. A maximum of 10 students from a single country are allowed for admission.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: In Masters and PhD programs, around 1,000 graduate students are accepted on an annual basis. For admission to these programs, candidates are required to appear in interviews and/or written tests.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: Postgraduate degrees offered by departments and institutes are MSc (Master of Science), MSc Engg. (Master of Science in Engineering), M. Engg (Master of Engineering), MURP (Master of Urban and Regional Planning), MArch (Master of Architecture), M.Phil. (Master of Philosophy) and PhD (Doctor of Philosophy). Postgraduate diplomas (PG. Dip.) are also offered in IT and Water resources development.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: For consultation and research the expertise at the university, its teachers and the laboratory facilities are available to other organizations of the country. A separate institution – Bureau of Research, Testing and Consultation (BRTC) has been formed to oversee these activities.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: The university undertakes research programs sponsored by outside organizations like United Nations Organizations, Commonwealth Foundation, European Union, University Grants Commission (Bangladesh), World Bank, Asian Development Bank, DfID, JICA etc.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, BUET developed OxyJet, a cost-effective CPAP ventilator, which was approved by the Directorate General of Drug Administration (DGDA) in July 2021.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: BUET regularly organizes national and international conferences and workshops in its campus to enhance the research capabilities of its students and faculties. Among the conferences organized by BUET, following are notable:

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: There are eight residence halls for BUET students. Most are named after eminent figures in the history of Bangladesh:

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: The administrative head of a residence hall is its provost, usually chosen from the senior teachers of different faculties. Three Assistant Provosts are also appointed in the hall administration.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Context: Students who do not stay at halls of residence are facilitated by the university's own commuter buses which cover major routes of Dhaka city.

Question: পাকিস্তানের জাতীয় বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তি বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ের প্রথম উপাচার্য কে ছিলেন ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: Hindu philosophy encompasses the philosophies, world views and teachings of Hinduism that emerged in Ancient India which include six systems ("shad-darśana") – Sankhya, Yoga, Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Mimamsa and Vedanta. In Indian tradition, the word used for philosophy is Darshana (Viewpoint or perspective), from the Sanskrit root "drish" (to see, to experience).

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: These are also called the Astika (theistic) philosophical traditions and are those that accept the Vedas as an authoritative, important source of knowledge. Ancient and medieval India was also the source of philosophies that share philosophical concepts but rejected the Vedas, and these have been called "nāstika" (heterodox or non-orthodox) Indian philosophies. Nāstika Indian philosophies include Buddhism, Jainism, Chārvāka, Ājīvika, and others.

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: Each school of Hindu philosophy has extensive epistemological literature called "pramāṇaśāstras", as well as theories on metaphysics, axiology, and other topics.

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: In the history of India, the six orthodox schools had emerged before the start of the Common Era, and some schools emerged possibly even before the Buddha. Some scholars have questioned whether the orthodox and heterodox schools classification is sufficient or accurate, given the diversity and evolution of views within each major school of Indian philosophy, with some sub-schools combining heterodox and orthodox views.

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: Since ancient times, Indian philosophy has been categorized into "āstika" and "nāstika" schools of thought. The orthodox schools of Indian philosophy have been called ṣaḍdarśana ("six systems"). This schema was created between the 12th and 16th centuries by Vedantins. It was then adopted by the early Western Indologists, and pervades modern understandings of Indian philosophy.

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: There are six āstika (orthodox) schools of thought. Each is called a darśana, and each darśana accepts the Vedas as authority. Each astika darsana also accepts the premise that "Atman" (eternal Self) exists. The schools of philosophy are:

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: Schools that do not accept the authority of the Vedas are nāstika philosophies, of which four (heterodox) schools are prominent:

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: Besides the major orthodox and non-orthodox schools, there have existed syncretic sub-schools that have combined ideas and introduced new ones of their own. The medieval scholar Madhavacharya, identified by some as Vidyaranya, in his book 'Sarva-Darsana-Sangraha', includes the following, along with Buddhism and Jainism, as sub-schools of Hindu philosophy:

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: The above sub-schools introduced their own ideas while adopting concepts from orthodox schools of Hindu philosophy such as realism of the Nyāya, naturalism of Vaiśeṣika, monism and knowledge of Self (Atman) as essential to liberation of Advaita, self-discipline of Yoga, asceticism and elements of theistic ideas. Some sub-schools share Tantric ideas with those found in some Buddhist traditions.

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: Epistemology is called pramāṇa. It has been a key, much debated field of study in Hinduism since ancient times. Pramāṇa is a Hindu theory of knowledge and discusses the valid means by which human beings can gain accurate knowledge. The focus of pramāṇa is how correct knowledge can be acquired, how one knows, how one doesn't, and to what extent knowledge pertinent about someone or something can be acquired.

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: Ancient and medieval Hindu texts identify six pramāṇas as correct means of accurate knowledge and truths:

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: A key text of the Yoga school is the "Yoga Sutras of Patanjali". Patanjali may have been, as Max Müller explains, "the author or representative of the Yoga-philosophy without being necessarily the author of the Sutras." Hindu philosophy recognizes many types of Yoga, such as rāja yoga, jñāna yoga, karma yoga, bhakti yoga, tantra yoga, mantra yoga, laya yoga, and hatha yoga.

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: The Vaiśeṣika school is related to the Nyāya school but features differences in its epistemology, metaphysics and ontology. The epistemology of the Vaiśeṣika school, like Buddhism, accepted only two means to knowledge as reliable – perception and inference. The Vaiśeṣika school and Buddhism both consider their respective scriptures as indisputable and valid means to knowledge, the difference being that the scriptures held to be a valid and reliable source by Vaiśeṣikas were the Vedas.

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: The Nyāya school is a realist āstika philosophy. The school's most significant contributions to Indian philosophy were its systematic development of the theory of logic, methodology, and its treatises on epistemology. The foundational text of the Nyāya school is the "Nyāya Sūtras" of the first millennium BCE. The text is credited to Aksapada Gautama and its composition is variously dated between the sixth and second centuries BCE.

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: Nyāya epistemology accepts four out of six "prāmaṇas" as reliable means of gaining knowledge – "pratyakṣa" (perception), "anumāṇa" (inference), "upamāṇa" (comparison and analogy) and "śabda" (word, testimony of past or present reliable experts).

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: The Mīmāṃsā school emphasized hermeneutics and exegesis. It is a form of philosophical realism. Key texts of the Mīmāṃsā school are the "Purva Mimamsa Sutras" of Jaimini. The classical Mīmāṃsā school is sometimes referred to as "pūrvamīmāṃsā" or "Karmamīmāṃsā" in reference to the first part of the Vedas.

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: Dvaita refers to a theistic sub-school in Vedanta tradition of Hindu philosophy. Also called as "Tattvavāda" and "Bimbapratibimbavāda", the Dvaita sub-school was founded by the 13th-century scholar Madhvacharya. The Dvaita Vedanta school believes that God (Vishnu, Paramatman) and the individual Selfs (Atman) (jīvātman) exist as independent realities, and these are distinct.

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (1486–1534), stated that the Self or energy of God is both distinct and non-distinct from God, whom he identified as Krishna, Govinda, and that this, although unthinkable, may be experienced through a process of loving devotion ("bhakti"). He followed the Dvaita concept of Madhvacharya. This philosophy of "inconceivable oneness and difference".

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: The Cārvāka school is one of the nāstika or "heterodox" philosophies . It rejects supernaturalism, emphasizes materialism and philosophical skepticism, holding empiricism, perception and conditional inference as the proper source of knowledge Cārvāka is an atheistic school of thought. It holds that there is neither afterlife nor rebirth, all existence is mere combination of atoms and substances, feelings and mind are an epiphenomenon, and free will exists.

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: One of the widely studied principles of Cārvāka philosophy was its rejection of inference as a means to establish valid, universal knowledge, and metaphysical truths. In other words, the Cārvāka epistemology states that whenever one infers a truth from a set of observations or truths, one must acknowledge doubt; inferred knowledge is conditional.

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: Early history of Shaivism is difficult to determine. However, the " Upanishad" (400 – 200 BCE) is considered to be the earliest textual exposition of a systematic philosophy of Shaivism. Shaivism is represented by various philosophical schools, including non-dualist ("abheda"), dualist ("bheda"), and non-dualist-with-dualist ("") perspectives. Vidyaranya in his works mentions three major schools of Shaiva thought—Pashupata Shaivism, Shaiva Siddhanta and Pratyabhijña (Kashmir Shaivism).

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: Considered normative Tantric Shaivism, Shaiva Siddhanta provides the normative rites, cosmology and theological categories of Tantric Shaivism. Being a dualistic philosophy, the goal of Shaiva Siddhanta is to become an ontologically distinct Shiva (through Shiva's grace). This tradition later merged with the Tamil Saiva movement and expression of concepts of Shaiva Siddhanta can be seen in the bhakti poetry of the Nayanars.

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


Hindu philosophy

Context: Kashmir Shaivism arose during the eighth or ninth century CE in Kashmir and made significant strides, both philosophical and theological, until the end of the twelfth century CE. It is categorised by various scholars as monistic idealism (absolute idealism, theistic monism, realistic idealism, transcendental physicalism or concrete monism). It is a school of Śaivism consisting of Trika and its philosophical articulation Pratyabhijña.

Question: ভারতবর্ষের প্রাচীনতম হিন্দু দর্শন কোনটি ?


East–West Schism

Context: A succession of ecclesiastical differences and theological disputes between the Greek East and Latin West preceded the formal split that occurred in 1054. Prominent among these were: the procession of the Holy Spirit ("Filioque"), whether leavened or unleavened bread should be used in the Eucharist, the bishop of Rome's claim to universal jurisdiction, and the place of the See of Constantinople in relation to the pentarchy.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: Another point of controversy was celibacy among Western priests (both monastic and parish), as opposed to the Eastern discipline whereby parish priests could be married men. However, the Latin church has always had some priests who were legally married. They have been a small minority since the 12th century.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: There are several different ecclesiologies: "communion ecclesiology", "eucharistic ecclesiology", "baptismal ecclesiology", "trinitarian ecclesiology", "kerygmatic theology". Other ecclesiologies are the "hierarchical-institutional" and the "organic-mystical",and the "congregationalist".

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: The ecclesiological dimension of the East–West schism revolves around the authority of bishops within their dioceses and the lines of authority between bishops of different dioceses. It is common for Catholics to insist on the primacy of Roman and papal authority based on patristic writings and conciliar documents.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: The iconoclast policy enforced by a series of decrees of Emperor Leo III the Isaurian in 726–729 was resisted in the West, giving rise to friction that ended in 787, when the Second Council of Nicaea reaffirmed that images are to be venerated but not worshipped. The Libri Carolini, commissioned by Charlemagne, criticized what a faulty translation gave as the council's decision, but their objections were rebutted by Pope Adrian I.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: In the Catholic Church too, some writers can be found who speak pejoratively of the Eastern Orthodox Church and its theology, but these writers are marginal. The official view of the Catholic Church is that expressed in the decree "Unitatis redintegratio" of Vatican II:

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: Although the Western churches do not consider the Eastern and Western understanding of the Trinity to be radically different, Eastern theologians such as John Romanides and Michael Pomazansky argue that the "Filioque" clause is symptomatic of a fatal flaw in the Western understanding, which they attribute to the influence of Augustine and, by extension, to that of Thomas Aquinas.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: "Filioque" states that the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Son as well as from the Father, a doctrine accepted by the Catholic Church, by Anglicanism and by Protestant churches in general.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: Christians of these groups generally include it when reciting the Nicene Creed. Nonetheless, these groups recognize that "Filioque" is not part of the original text established at the First Council of Constantinople in 381, and they do not demand that others too should use it when saying the Creed. Indeed, the Catholic Church does not add the phrase corresponding to "Filioque" () to the Greek text of the Creed, even in the liturgy for Latin Rite Catholics.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: Eastern Orthodox theologians charge that, in contrast to Eastern Orthodox theology, western theology is based on philosophical discourse which reduces humanity and nature to cold mechanical concepts.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: Similarly, what the Catholic Church holds is that the sin of Adam that we inherit, and for the remission of which even babies who have no personal sin are baptized, is called "sin" only in an analogical sense since it is not an act committed like the personal sin of Adam and Eve, but a fallen state-contracted by the transmission of a human nature deprived of original holiness and justice.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: Both East and West hold that each person is not called to atone for the actual sin committed by Adam and Eve.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: The Catholic doctrine of the Immaculate Conception, which claims that God protected the Virgin Mary from original sin through no merit of her own, was dogmatically defined by Pope Pius IX in 1854. Orthodox theology proclaims that Mary was chosen to bear Christ, having first found favor of God by her purity and obedience.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: The Eastern Orthodox Church holds that "there is a state beyond death where believers continue to be perfected and led to full divinization". Although some Orthodox have described this intermediate state as "purgatory", others distinguish it from aspects associated with it in the West: at the Council of Ferrara–Florence, the Orthodox Bishop Mark of Ephesus argued that there are in it no purifying fires.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: The traditional Orthodox teaching is that those who reject Christ will suffer his absence. According to the Confession of Dositheus, "persons go immediately to joy in Christ or to the torments of punishment". In Orthodox doctrine, there is no place without God. In eternity there is no hiding from God. In Catholic theology, God is present everywhere not only by his power but in himself. Hell is a state of self-selected separation from God.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: Sporadic schisms in the common unions took place under Pope Damasus I in the 4th and 5th centuries. Disputes about theological and other questions led to schisms between the Churches in Rome and Constantinople for 37 years from 482 to 519 (the Acacian Schism). Most sources agree that the separation between East and West is clearly evident by the Photian schism in 863 to 867.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: While the church at Rome claimed a special authority over the other churches, the extant documents of that era yield "no clear-cut claims to, or recognition, of papal primacy."

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: Despite Victor's failure to carry out his intent to excommunicate the Asian churches, many Catholic apologists point to this episode as evidence of papal primacy and authority in the early Church, citing the fact that none of the bishops challenged his right to excommunicate but instead questioned the wisdom and charity of his action.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: In 342, Pope Julius I wrote: "The custom has been for word to be written first to us [in the case of bishops under accusation, and notably in apostolic churches], and then for a just sentence to be passed from this place". This was also decreed by the Council of Sardica, which declared Saint Athanasius to be the lawful bishop of Alexandria.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: In 330, Emperor Constantine moved the imperial capital to Byzantium, which later became Constantinople. The centre of gravity in the empire was fully recognised to have completely shifted to the eastern Mediterranean. Rome lost the Senate to Constantinople and lost its status and gravitas as imperial capital.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: The patriarchs of Constantinople often tried to adopt a commanding position over the other patriarchs, provoking their resistance. For example, in 431 Patriarch Cyril of Alexandria impeached for heresy Patriarch Nestorius of Constantinople.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: Alexandria's objections to Constantinople's promotion, which led to a constant struggle between the two sees in the first half of the 5th century, were supported by Rome, which proposed the theory that the most important sees were the three Petrine ones, of Rome, Antioch, and Alexandria, with Rome in the first place.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: The idea that with the transfer of the imperial capital from Rome to Constantinople, primacy in the Church was also transferred, is found in undeveloped form as early as John Philoponus (c. 490 – c. 570). It was enunciated in its most advanced form by Photios I of Constantinople (c. 810 – c. 893). Constantinople, as the seat of the ruler of the empire and therefore of the world, was the highest among the patriarchates and, like the emperor, had the right to govern them.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: No Western bishops attended the council and no legate of the bishop of Rome was present. The Latin Church recognized the council as ecumenical about in the mid-6th century.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: The disputed canon 28 of the Council of Chalcedon in 451, confirming the authority already held by Constantinople, granted its archbishop jurisdiction over Pontus and Thrace.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: The council also ratified an agreement between Antioch and Jerusalem, whereby Jerusalem held jurisdiction over three provinces, numbering it among the five great sees. As thus interpreted, there were now five patriarchs presiding over the Church within the Byzantine Empire, in the following order of precedence: the Patriarch of Rome, the Patriarch of Constantinople, the Patriarch of Alexandria, the Patriarch of Antioch and the Patriarch of Jerusalem.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: Although Leo I, whose delegates were absent when this resolution was passed, recognized the council as ecumenical and confirmed its doctrinal decrees, he rejected its canon 28 on the ground that it contravened the sixth canon of Nicaea and infringed the rights of Alexandria and Antioch.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: This canon would remain a constant source of friction between East and West until the mutual excommunications of 1054 made it irrelevant in that regard; but controversy about its applicability to the authority of the patriarchate of Constantinople still continues.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: The same disputed canon also recognized the authority of Constantinople over bishops of dioceses "among the barbarians", which has been variously interpreted as referring either to all areas outside the Byzantine Empire or only to those in the vicinity of Pontus, Asia and Thrace or to non-Greeks within the empire.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: Canon 9 of the Council also declared: "If a bishop or clergyman should have a difference with the metropolitan of the province, let him have recourse to the Exarch of the Diocese, or to the throne of the Imperial City of Constantinople, and there let it be tried." This has been interpreted as conferring on the see of Constantinople a greater privilege than what any council ever gave Rome, or as of much lesser significance than that.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: In 476, when the last emperor of the western part of the Roman Empire was deposed and the western imperial insignia were sent to Constantinople, there was once again a single Roman Emperor. However, he had little power in the West, which was ruled almost entirely by various Germanic tribes. In the opinion of Randall R. Cloud, the permanent separation of the Greek East from the Latin West was "the fundamental reason for the estrangement that soon followed between the Greek and the Latin Christians".

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: Pope Sergius I, who was of Syrian ancestry, rejected the council. Emperor Justinian II ordered his arrest, but this was thwarted.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: In 694, in Visigothic Spain, the council was ratified by the Eighteenth Council of Toledo at the urging of the king, Wittiza. Fruela I of Asturias reversed the decision of Toledo sometime during his reign (757–768).

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: Eastern Orthodox today state that this canon of the Council of Ephesus explicitly prohibited modification of the Nicene Creed drawn up by the first Ecumenical Council in 325, the wording of which, it is claimed, but not the substance, had been modified by the second Ecumenical Council, making additions such as "who proceeds from the Father".

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: Three councils were held, two by Constantinople, one by Rome. Rome attempted to replace a seated Patriarch with one amenable to the Filioque dispute. The Orthodox responded by denouncing the replacement and excommunicating the pope convening the Roman council, denouncing the pope's attempt to control affairs outside the purview of Rome, and denouncing the addition of Filioque as a heresy. Each church recognizes its own council(s) as legitimate and does not recognize the other's council(s).

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: In 1053 Leo of Ohrid, at the instigation, according to J. B. Bury, of Patriarch Michael Cerularius of Constantinople, wrote to Bishop John of Trani a letter, intended for all the Latin bishops, including the pope, in which he attacked Western practices such as using unleavened bread for the Eucharist, and fasting rules that differed from those in Constantinople, while Cerularius himself closed all Latin churches in Constantinople.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: At the time of the excommunications, many contemporary historians, including Byzantine chroniclers, did not consider the event significant.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: Efforts were made in subsequent centuries by emperors, popes and patriarchs to heal the rift between the churches. However, a number of factors and historical events worked to widen the separation over time.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: "Even after 1054 friendly relations between East and West continued. The two parts of Christendom were not yet conscious of a great gulf of separation between them. … The dispute remained something of which ordinary Christians in East and West were largely unaware".

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: There was no single event that marked the breakdown. Rather, the two churches slid into and out of schism over a period of several centuries, punctuated with temporary reconciliations.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: By the second half of the 12th century, the practically uncontrollable rivalry among competitors from the different city-states devolved to the point that Italians were raiding the quarters of other Italians in the capital, and retaliatory draconian measures by the Byzantine authorities led to the deterioration of inter-religious relations in the city.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: When in 1182 the regency of the empress mother, Maria of Antioch, an ethnical French notorious for the favouritism shown to Latin merchants and the big aristocratic land-owners, was deposed by Andronikos I Komnenos in the wake of popular support, the new emperor allowed mobs to massacre the hated foreigners. Henceforth Byzantine foreign policy was invariably perceived as sinister and anti-Latin in the West.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: The Second Council of Lyon was convoked to act on a pledge by Michael VIII to reunite the Eastern church with the West. Wishing to end the Great Schism that divided Rome and Constantinople, Gregory X had sent an embassy to Michael VIII, who had reconquered Constantinople, putting an end to the remnants of the Latin Empire in the East, and he asked Latin despots in the East to curb their ambitions.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: On 29 June (the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul, a patronal feast of the Popes), Gregory X celebrated a Mass in St John's Church, where both sides took part. The council declared that the Roman church possessed "the supreme and full primacy and authority over the universal Catholic Church."

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: In the 16th and 17th centuries, there were various attempts at unions between the Roman Church and various groups within Eastern Orthodoxy.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: The final separation between the Catholic Church on one hand and the Eastern Orthodox Churches on the other came only in the 18th century:

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: in 1729, the Roman Church under Pope Benedict XIII prohibited communion with Orthodox Churches, and in 1755, the patriarchs of Alexandria, Jerusalem and Constantinople in retaliation declared the final interruption of sacral communion with the Roman Church and declared Catholicism heretical.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: A major event of the Second Vatican Council (Vatican II), was the issuance by Pope Paul and Orthodox Patriarch Athenagoras I of Constantinople of the Catholic–Orthodox Joint Declaration of 1965. At the same time, they lifted the mutual excommunications dating from the 11th century. The act did not result in the restoration of communion.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: Inspired by Vatican II that adopted the "Unitatis Redintegratio" decree on ecumenism in 1964 as well as the change of heart toward Ecumenism on the part of the Moscow Patriarchate that had occurred in 1961, the Vatican and 14 universally recognised autocephalous Orthodox Churches established the Joint International Commission for Theological Dialogue Between the Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church that first met in Rhodes in 1980 and is an ongoing endeavour.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: In June 1995, Patriarch Bartholomew I, of Constantinople, visited Vatican City for the first time, and joined in the historic inter-religious day of prayer for peace at Assisi. John Paul II and Bartholomew I explicitly stated their mutual "desire to relegate the excommunications of the past to oblivion and to set out on the way to re-establishing full communion".

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: In June 2004, Bartholomew I's visit to Rome for the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul (29 June) afforded him the opportunity for another personal meeting with John Paul II, for conversations with the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity and for taking part in the celebration for the feast day in St. Peter's Basilica.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: The Catholic Church's attitude was expressed by John Paul II in the image of the Church "breathing with her two lungs". He meant that there should be a combination of the more rational, juridical, organization-minded "Latin" temperament with the intuitive, mystical and contemplative spirit found in the East.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: In the Orthodox view, the Bishop of Rome (i.e. the Pope) would have universal primacy in a reunited Christendom, as "primus inter pares" without the power of jurisdiction.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: The Eastern Orthodox insist that the primacy is largely one of honor, the Pope being "first among equals" "primus inter pares". The Catholic Church, on the other hand, insists on the doctrine of Supremacy. It is widely understood that, if there is to be reconciliation, both sides will have to compromise on this doctrine. Although some commentators have proposed ways in which such compromise can be achieved, there is no official indication that such compromise is being contemplated.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: The declaration of Ravenna in 2007 re-asserted the belief that the bishop of Rome is indeed the "protos", although future discussions are to be held on the concrete ecclesiological exercise of papal primacy.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: Some scholars such as Jeffrey Finch assert that "the future of East–West rapprochement appears to be overcoming the modern polemics of neo-scholasticism and neo-Palamism".

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: Most Orthodox Churches through economy do not require baptism in the Orthodox Church for one who has been previously baptized in the Catholic Church. Most Orthodox jurisdictions, based on that same principle of economy, allow a sacramental marriage between an Orthodox Christian and some non-Orthodox Christians.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


East–West Schism

Context: The efforts of Orthodox patriarchs towards reconciliation with the Catholic Church has been strongly criticized by some elements of Eastern Orthodoxy, such as the Metropolitan of Kalavryta, Greece, in November 2008.

Question: পশ্চিমী ক্যাথলিক গির্জার বিভেদের মূল কারণ কি ছিল ?


West Bengal

Context: The region was a hotbed of the Indian independence movement and has remained one of India's great artistic and intellectual centres. Following widespread religious violence, the Bengal Legislative Council and the Bengal Legislative Assembly voted on the Partition of Bengal in 1947 along religious lines into two independent dominions: West Bengal, a Hindu-majority Indian state, and East Bengal, a Muslim-majority province of Pakistan which later became the independent Bangladesh.

Question: বর্তমানে (২০১৯) পশ্চিমবঙ্গের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


West Bengal

Context: The origin of the name Bengal ("Bangla" and "Bongo" in Bengali) is unknown. One theory suggests the word derives from "Bang", the name of a Dravidian tribe that settled the region around 1000BCE. The Bengali word "Bongo" might have been derived from the ancient kingdom of "Vanga" (or "Banga"). Although some early Sanskrit literature mentions the name "Vanga", the region's early history is obscure.

Question: বর্তমানে (২০১৯) পশ্চিমবঙ্গের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


West Bengal

Context: In 1947, at the end of British rule over the Indian subcontinent the Bengal Legislative Council and the Bengal Legislative Assembly voted on the Partition of Bengal along religious lines into two separate entities: West Bengal, which continued as an Indian state and East Bengal, a province of Pakistan, which came to be known be as East Pakistan and later became the independent Bangladesh.

Question: বর্তমানে (২০১৯) পশ্চিমবঙ্গের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


West Bengal

Context: The "India State of Forest Report 2017", recorded forest area in the state is , while in 2013, forest area was , which was 18.93% of the state's geographical area, compared to the then national average of 21.23%. Reserves and protected and unclassed forests constitute 59.4%, 31.8% and 8.9%, respectively, of forested areas, as of 2009. Part of the world's largest mangrove forest, the Sundarbans in southern West Bengal.

Question: বর্তমানে (২০১৯) পশ্চিমবঙ্গের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


West Bengal

Context: The distribution of vegetation in northern West Bengal is dictated by elevation and precipitation. For example, the foothills of the Himalayas, the "Dooars", are densely wooded with sal and other tropical evergreen trees. Above an elevation of , the forest becomes predominantly subtropical. In Darjeeling, which is above , temperate forest trees like oaks, conifers and rhododendrons predominate.

Question: বর্তমানে (২০১৯) পশ্চিমবঙ্গের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


West Bengal

Context: Politics in Bengal is dominated by the All India Trinamool Congress, Bharatiya Janata Party, Indian National Congress, and the Left Front alliance (led by the Communist Party of India (Marxist) or CPI(M)). Following the West Bengal State Assembly Election in 2011, the All India Trinamool Congress and Indian National Congress coalition under Mamata Banerjee of the All India Trinamool Congress was elected to power with 225 seats in the legislature.

Question: বর্তমানে (২০১৯) পশ্চিমবঙ্গের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


West Bengal

Context: Prior to this, West Bengal was ruled by the Left Front for 34 years (1977–2011), making it the world's longest-running democratically elected communist government. Banerjee was re-elected twice as Chief Minister in the 2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election and 2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election with 211 and 215 seats respectively, an absolute majority by the Trinamool Congress. The state has one autonomous region, the Gorkhaland Territorial Administration.

Question: বর্তমানে (২০১৯) পশ্চিমবঙ্গের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?