Brock Lesnar

Context: In a 2013 post on his blog, "Attack on Titan" author Hajime Isayama revealed that he drew inspiration from Lesnar for the character of the Armored Titan.

Question: পেশাদার কুস্তিগীর ব্রক লেসনার কবে জন্মগ্রহণ করেন ?


Brock Lesnar

Context: In January 2001, Lesnar was arrested in Louisville, Kentucky for suspicion of possessing large amounts of illegal substances. The charges were dropped when it was discovered that the substances were legal hormones. His lawyer described it as a "vitamin type of thing".

Question: পেশাদার কুস্তিগীর ব্রক লেসনার কবে জন্মগ্রহণ করেন ?


Brock Lesnar

Context: On January 14, 2006, Judge Christopher Droney stated that unless WWE gave him a good argument between then and the 25th, he would rule in favor of Lesnar, giving him a summary judgment. This would have enabled Lesnar to work anywhere immediately. WWE was later granted a deadline postponement. On April 24, both parties reached a settlement. On June 12, a federal judge dismissed the case at the request of both legal parties.

Question: পেশাদার কুস্তিগীর ব্রক লেসনার কবে জন্মগ্রহণ করেন ?


Brock Lesnar

Context: On December 15, 2011, Lesnar was charged with hunting infractions on a trip to Alberta on November 19, 2010. Two charges were dropped, but Lesnar pleaded guilty to the charge of improper tagging of an animal. He was fined $1,725 and given a six-month hunting suspension.

Question: পেশাদার কুস্তিগীর ব্রক লেসনার কবে জন্মগ্রহণ করেন ?


Brock Lesnar

Context: During his first run in WWE, Lesnar developed addictions to both alcohol and painkillers, allegedly drinking a bottle of vodka per day and taking hundreds of Vicodin pills per month to manage the pain caused by wear and tear on his body. He named his botched shooting star press at WrestleMania XIX as a particular source of pain. Lesnar claims that, as a result of his addiction and mental exhaustion, he does not remember the "entire two years" of his first WWE tenure.

Question: পেশাদার কুস্তিগীর ব্রক লেসনার কবে জন্মগ্রহণ করেন ?


Mohammad Ataul Karim

Context: During his academic career, he supervised MS/PhD research of over 60 graduate students and authored 19 books, 9 book chapters, and over 365 research papers. He guest edited 36 journal special issues in areas of communication, computing, multimedia, networks, optics, pattern recognition, infrared systems, remote sensing, and software.

Question: বাংলাদেশী-মার্কিন পদার্থবিজ্ঞানী মোহাম্মদ আতাউল করিম কবে জন্মগ্রহণ করেন ?


Mohammad Ataul Karim

Context: He leads the International Conference on Computer and Information Technology, now in its 25th year. Since 2009, with assistance of 5 teams of guest editors, Karim produced 20 journal special issues that featured works of Bangladesh-based researchers in the fields of communications, computing, multimedia, networks, and software. His edited book on "Technical Challenges and Design Issues in Bengali Language Processing"

Question: বাংলাদেশী-মার্কিন পদার্থবিজ্ঞানী মোহাম্মদ আতাউল করিম কবে জন্মগ্রহণ করেন ?


Mohammad Ataul Karim

Context: provides a state-of-the-art platform for information communication technology research and development that is of significance to nearly 260 million Bengali-speaking people who live in Bangladesh, India and in diaspora in Middle East, Europe, and US. This milestone work includes 16 chapters coauthored by 41 researchers from Bangladesh, Canada, India, Ireland, Norway, UK, and US.

Question: বাংলাদেশী-মার্কিন পদার্থবিজ্ঞানী মোহাম্মদ আতাউল করিম কবে জন্মগ্রহণ করেন ?


Khulna

Context: Khulna is located on the bank of the Rupsha and Bhairab Rivers. A centre of Bangladeshi industry, it hosts many national companies. Khulna is served by Port of Mongla (the second-largest seaport in the country), and is one of two principal naval-command centres hosting the Bangladesh Navy. The navy base BNS Titumir is in the city.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: A colonial steamboat service, including the "Tern", "Osrich" and "Lepcha", continues to operate on the river route to the city. Khulna is considered the gateway to the Sundarbans, the world's largest mangrove forest and home of the Royal Bengal tiger. It is north of the Mosque City of Bagerhat, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: Khulna was part of the ancient kingdoms of Vanga and Samatata. It became a part of the Sena dynasty during the 12th century reign of Ballala Sena, and formed part of the Bagri division of Bengal. The region was previous known as Jahanabad.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: During the 14th century, Shamsuddin Firoz Shah was the first Muslim ruler to arrive in the city. Muslim settlements increased during the time of Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah, and many mosques and shrines were established. A Muslim saint, Khan Jahan Ali, acquired a "jagir" (fiefdom) with a large portion of the Khulna Division from the king of Gauḍa during the 15th century. Ali exercised the full rights of sovereignty until his death in 1459.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: During the Bangladesh Liberation War, Pakistan Army created 314th ad hoc brigade to hold on to Khulna. The Mukti Bahini fighters in Khulna were part of sector 8 under the command of Major Abu Osman Chowdhury, and later under Major Mohammad Abdul Monjur.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: Khulna Municipal Council was founded on 12 December 1884, and became a municipal corporation in 1984 and a city corporation in 1990. Khulna City Corporation is a self-governing corporation run by an elected mayor, who governs the city's 31 wards.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: Khulna has two parliamentary constituencies: Khulna-02 (Khulna Sadar Thana and Sonadanga Thana) and Khulna-03 (Khalishpur Thana, Daulatpur Thana and part of Khan Jahan Ali Thana). Khulna District and Khulna Division are headquartered in the city.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: Most of Khulna's population is Bengali, like the rest of Bangladesh. Pure local residents of the city are known as Khulnaiya. Its population is also composed of people from neighboring districts and from Barisal and Faridpur Divisions. Many people from Noakhali District live in the city. Khulna also has a Bihari population.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: Most residents of Khulna speak Bengali (the national language, its dialects and regional languages). English is understood by a large segment of the population, especially for business. There is a minority Urdu-speaking population, descendants of Muslims displaced from eastern India in 1947 who sought refuge in East Bengal. Many of them can be seen in the Khalishpur area of Khulna city.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: Islam is Khulna's major religion, practiced by 83.2 percent of the population. Other religions are Hinduism (16.4 percent), Christianity (0.3 percent) and Buddhism (0.1 percent).

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: Rickshaws are the most popular means of public transport in Khulna for short trips, and auto rickshaws are also common. Nagar Paribahan buses have frequent service between Rupsha and Phultala, with stops throughout Khulna. Motorcycles are popular among the middle class, and wealthier people prefer a private car.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: There is an airport in Khulna which is almost 20kilometres near from the main city.It is named Khan Jahan Ali Airport which is under construction. Jessore Airport, which is situated 50 kilometres north from the city centre.Biman Bangladesh Airlines, US-Bangla Airlines, Novoair and other airlines have regular flights between Jessore and Dhaka, with air-conditioned bus service from the airport to Khulna.Most of the annual passengers of Jashore Airport are from Khulna city.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: Several passenger launches and cargo services operate from the Bangladesh Inland Water Transport Authority Launch Terminal in Khulna, with express service to Dhaka.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: Cricket and football are the two most popular sports in Khulna, and the Khulna Division cricket team has its home ground in the city. Khulna's Bangladesh Premier League Khulna Titans were formerly the Khulna Royal Bengals.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: The Khulna Abahani Club played in Bangladesh Football Premier League for several seasons before its relegation in the 2008–09 Bangladesh Premier League season.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: Sheikh Abu Naser Stadium, the city's only international sports venue (hosting test cricket, One Day International and Twenty20 International matches), became Bangladesh's seventh test-cricket venue on 21 November 2012; it also hosts several Bangladesh Premier League matches. Khulna District Stadium hosts other domestic sports and cultural events.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: Radio Stations are Bangladesh Betar Khulna (106.5 MHz) Radio Today (89.6), Radio Foorti (88.0), and Radio Khulna FM (88.8).

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: The Sundarbans, in Khulna District, is home to the Bengal tiger and the world's largest virgin mangrove forest. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: The Mosque City of Bagerhat is a formerly-lost city in the suburbs of Bagerhat, about south-est of Khulna. It is also a World Heritage Site.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: Rabindra Complex is in the village of Dakkhindihi, from Khulna. The home of Rabindranath Tagore's father-in-law, Beni Madhab Roy Chowdhury, Tagore visited it several times. The museum has been renovated and is administered by Bangladesh's Department of Archaeology.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Khulna

Context: The Khulna Divisional Museum, founded in 1998, is the city's only museum. It was established by Bangladesh's Department of Archaeology.

Question: বর্তমানে খুলনা শহরের মোট জনসংখ্যা কত ?


Bhubaneswar

Context: The old town or "Temple Town", the oldest part of the city, is characterised by many temples, including the Lingaraja, Nilakantha Siva, Rajarani and Muktesvara temples, standing alongside residential areas. Additional structures include the Somabaresvara Siva Temple. The area is congested, with narrow roads and poor infrastructure. Among neighbourhoods in the old town are Rajarani Colony, Pandaba Nagar, Brahmeswara Bagh, Lingaraja Nagar, Gouri Nagar, Bhimatangi and Kapileswara.

Question: ভারতের উড়িষ্যা রাজ্যের বৃহত্তম শহর কোনটি ?


Bhubaneswar

Context: As of 2001, around 2.15% of the city's workforce was employed in the primary sector (agriculture, forestry, mining, etc.); 2.18% worked in the secondary sector (industrial and manufacturing); and 95.67% worked in the tertiary sector (service industries).

Question: ভারতের উড়িষ্যা রাজ্যের বৃহত্তম শহর কোনটি ?


Bhubaneswar

Context: Tourism education is another field of study emerging. The Eastern Regional Centre of Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel Management (IITTM), the second in the country after Gwalior, was established in 1996. One IATA Authorised Training Centre (ATC) is also located in the city premises. Several regional management educational institutions also have travel and tourism related courses in their curriculum.

Question: ভারতের উড়িষ্যা রাজ্যের বৃহত্তম শহর কোনটি ?


Bhubaneswar

Context: Around 400 cycle stands have been set up across the city. Around 2,000 bicycles have been ordered from three companies - Hexi, Yaana and Yulu. Hexi (from Hero Cycles) will provide 1,000 bicycles and Yaana and Yulu will provide 500 each. The availability of rentals Bicycles are accessed by the Dedicated mobile app - "mo app".

Question: ভারতের উড়িষ্যা রাজ্যের বৃহত্তম শহর কোনটি ?


Bhubaneswar

Context: Internal public transport is maintained by "Mo Bus (My Bus)" service administrated by CRUT(Capital Region Urban Transport) along with connecting nearest cities like Cuttack and Puri.

Question: ভারতের উড়িষ্যা রাজ্যের বৃহত্তম শহর কোনটি ?


Bhubaneswar

Context: Famous temples include Lingaraja Temple, Muktesvara Temple, Rajarani Temple, Ananta Vasudeva Temple. The Kukutesvara Siva Temple is a small, 1000-year-old shrine to Shiva.

Question: ভারতের উড়িষ্যা রাজ্যের বৃহত্তম শহর কোনটি ?


Bhubaneswar

Context: Though Odia women traditionally wear the sari, shalwar kameez and of late, Western attire is gaining acceptance among younger women. Western-style dress has greater acceptance among men, although the traditional dhoti and kurta are seen during festivals.

Question: ভারতের উড়িষ্যা রাজ্যের বৃহত্তম শহর কোনটি ?


Bhubaneswar

Context: Other festivals celebrated include Shivaratri, Diwali, Ganesha Chaturthi, Nuakhai and Saraswati Puja. Eid and Christmas are celebrated by the religious minorities in the city.

Question: ভারতের উড়িষ্যা রাজ্যের বৃহত্তম শহর কোনটি ?


Bhubaneswar

Context: Key elements of the city's cuisine include rice and a fish curry known as "Machha Jhola", which can be accompanied by desserts such as Rasagola, Rasabali, Chhena Gaja, Chhena Jhilli and Chhena Poda. Odisha's large repertoire of seafood dishes includes various preparations of lobsters and crabs brought in from Chilika Lake.

Question: ভারতের উড়িষ্যা রাজ্যের বৃহত্তম শহর কোনটি ?


Bhubaneswar

Context: The "abadha" of Lingaraja Temple and Ananta Vasudeva Temple served for devotees is considered a vegetarian culinary delight. Other vegetarian dishes are Dalma (made of lentils and vegetables boiled together and then fried with other spices) and Santula (lightly spiced steamed vegetables).

Question: ভারতের উড়িষ্যা রাজ্যের বৃহত্তম শহর কোনটি ?


Music of India

Context: Owing to India's vastness and diversity, Indian music encompasses numerous genres in multiple varieties and forms which include classical music, folk (Bollywood), rock, and pop. It has a history spanning several millennia and developed over several geo-locations spanning the sub-continent. Music in India began as an integral part of socio-religious life.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: The 30,000-year-old paleolithic and neolithic cave paintings at the UNESCO world heritage site at Bhimbetka rock shelters in Madhya Pradesh show a type of dance. Mesolithic and chalcolithic cave art of Bhimbetka illustrates musical instruments such as Gongs, Bowed Lyre, daf etc.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Chalcolithic era (4000 BCE onward) narrow bar shaped polished stone celts like music instruments, one of the earlier musical instrument in India, were excavated at Sankarjang in the Angul district of Odisha. There is historical evidence in the form of sculptural evidence, i.e. musical instruments, singing and dancing postures of damsels in the Ranigumpha Caves in Khandagiri and Udayagiri at Bhubaneswar.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Dancing Girl sculpture (2500 BCE) was found from the Indus Valley civilization (IVC) site. There are IVC-era paintings on pottery of a man with a dhol hanging from his neck and a woman holding a drum under her left arm.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: sanskrit saint-poet Jayadeva, who was the great composer and illustrious master of classical music, shaped "Odra-Magadhi" style music and had great influence on Odissi Sangita.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Śārṅgadeva composed Sangita-Ratnakara, one of the most important Sanskrit musicological texts from India, which is regarded as the definitive text in both Hindustani music and Carnatic music traditions of Indian classical music.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: From the 16th century onwards, treatises written on music were Sangitamava Chandrika, Gita Prakasha, Sangita Kalalata and Natya Manorama.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Sangeet Natak Academy recognizes eight classical dance and music forms, namely Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Kuchipudi, Odissi, Kathakali, Sattriya, Manipuri and Mohiniyattam. Additionally, India's Ministry of culture also includes Chhau in its classical list.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Annamayya is the first known composer in Carnatic music. He is widely regarded as the Andhra Pada kavitā Pitāmaha (Godfather of Telugu song-writing).

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Purandara Dasa is considered the father of Carnatic music, while the later musicians Tyagaraja, Shyama Shastry and Muthuswami Dikshitar are considered the trinity of Carnatic music.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Noted artists of Carnatic music include Tiger Varadachariyar, M D Ramanathan, Ariyakudi Ramanuja Iyengar (the father of the current concert format), Palghat Mani Iyer, Madurai Mani Iyer, Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer, Nedunuri Krishnamurthy Alathur Brothers, MS Subbulakshmi, Lalgudi Jayaraman, Balamuralikrishna, TN Seshagopalan, K J Yesudas, N. Ramani, Umayalpuram K. Sivaraman, Sanjay Subrahmanyan, TM Krishna, Bombay Jayashri, T S Nandakumar, Aruna Sairam, Mysore Manjunath,

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Every December, the city of Chennai in India has its eight-week-long Music Season, which is the world's largest cultural event.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Carnatic music has served as the foundation for most music in South India, including folk music, festival music and has also extended its influence to film music in the past 100–150 years or so.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: The root of the name C(K)arnatic music is derived from Sanskrit. Karnam means ears and Atakam means that which is sweet or that which lingers on.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: There are many types of music which comes under the category of light classical or semi-classical. Some of the forms are Thumri, Dadra, Bhajan, Ghazal, Chaiti, Kajri, Tappa, Natya Sangeet and Qawwali. These forms place emphasis on explicitly seeking emotion from the audience, as opposed to the classical forms.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: This is a musical genre of the Tamang people and popular amongst the Nepali speaking community in West Bengal, Sikkim, India and around the world. It is accompanied by Tamang instruments, the Madal, Damphu and Tungna, although nowadays musicians have taken to modern instruments. A Tamang Selo can be catchy and lively or slow and melodious, and is usually sung to convey sorrow, love, happiness or day-to-day incidents and stories of folklore.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Bhangra (Punjabi: ਭੰਗੜਾ) is a form of dance-oriented folk music of Punjab. The present musical style is derived from non-traditional musical accompaniment to the riffs of Punjab called by the same name. The female dance of Punjab region is known as Giddha (Punjabi: ਗਿੱਧਾ).

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Bihu () is the festival of New Year of Assam falling on mid-April. This is a festival of nature and mother earth where the first day is for the cows and buffaloes. The second day of the festival is for the man. Bihu dances and songs accompanied by traditional drums and wind instruments are an essential part of this festival. Bihu songs are energetic and with beats to welcome the festive spring. Assamese drums (dhol), Pepa(usually made from buffalo horn), Gogona are major instruments used.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Dandiya or Raas is a form of Gujarati cultural dance that is performed with sticks. The present musical style is derived from the traditional musical accompaniment to the folk dance. It is practiced mainly in the state of Gujarat. There is also another type of dance and music associated with Dandiya/Raas called Garba.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Haryana folk music has two main forms: classical folk music of Haryana and desi folk music of Haryana (country music of Haryana). They take the form of ballads and pangs of parting of lovers, valor and bravery, harvest and happiness. Haryana is rich in musical tradition and even places have been named after ragas, for example Charkhi Dadri district has many villages named as Nandyam, Sarangpur, Bilawala, Brindabana, Todi, Asaveri, Jaisri, Malakoshna, Hindola, Bhairvi and Gopi Kalyana.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Himachal's folk music varies according to the event or the festival. One of the most popular style of music is "Nati Music," where "nati" being the traditional dance that is done on the song. Nati Music is usually celebratory, and done in fairs or other occasions such as marriages.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Jhumair and Domkach are Nagpuri folk music. The musical instruments used in folk music and dance are Dhol, Mandar, Bansi, Nagara, Dhak, Shehnai, Khartal, Narsinga etc.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Hadrani Marfa, or simply Marfa music, introduced during the 18th century in Hyderabad State by the East African Siddi community from Afro-Arab music of Hadhramawt in Yemen, is a form of celebratory rhythmic music and dance among the Hyderabadi Muslims, played with high tempo using Marfa instrument, daff, Dhol, sticks, steel pots and wooden strips called "thapi".

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Odissi Sangita comprises four classes of music namely Dhruvapada, Chitrapada, Chitrakala and Panchal, described in the ancient oriya music texts. The chief Odissi " and Shokabaradi. Odissi Sangita (music) is a synthesis of four classes of music, i.e. Dhruvapada, Chitrapada, Chitrakala and Panchal, described in the above-mentioned texts.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: The great exponents of Odissi music in modern times are the Late Singhari Shyamasundara Kar, Markandeya Mahapatra, Kashinath Pujapanda, Balakrushna Das, Gopal Chandra Panda, Ramhari Das, Bhubaneswari Misra, Shymamani Devi and Sunanda Patnaik, who have achieved eminence in classical music.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Rabindra Sangeet ( "Robindro Shonggit", ), also known as Tagore songs, are songs written and composed by Rabindranath Tagore. They have distinctive characteristics in the music of Bengal, popular in India and Bangladesh. "Sangeet" means music, "Rabindra Sangeet" means music (or more aptly songs) of Rabindra.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Tagore wrote some 2,230 songs in Bengali, now known as "Rabindra Sangeet", using classical music and traditional folk music as sources.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Tagore wrote national anthems of India and Bangladesh, and influenced the national anthem of Sri Lanka.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Rajasthani music is derived from a combination of string instruments, percussion instruments and wind instruments accompanied by renditions of folk singers. It enjoys a respectable presence in Bollywood music as well.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Sufi folk rock contains elements of modern hard rock and traditional folk music with Sufi poetry. While it was pioneered by bands like Junoon in Pakistan it became very popular, especially in northern India. In 2005, Rabbi Shergill released a Sufi rock song called "Bulla Ki Jaana", which became a chart-topper in India and Pakistan. More recently, the Sufi folk rock song "Bulleya" from the 2016 film "Ae Dil Hai Mushkil" became a mammoth hit.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Dance music, more popularly called "DJ music", is mostly played at nightclubs, parties, weddings and other celebrations. It is more popular among youths. It is mostly based on Indian movie music as well as Indian pop music, both of which tend to borrow and modernise the classical and folk dance songs with modern instruments and other innovations.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Indian pop music is based on an amalgamation of Indian folk and classical music, and modern beats from different parts of the world. Pop music really started in the South Asian region with the playback singer Ahmed Rushdi's song ‘"Ko Ko Korina"’ in 1966, then by Kishore Kumar in the early 1970s.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Besides those listed above, popular Indi-pop singers include Sanam (Band), Gurdas Maan, Sukhwinder Singh, Papon, Zubeen Garg, Raghav Sachar Rageshwari, Vandana Vishwas, Devika Chawla, Bombay Vikings, Asha Bhosle, Sunidhi Chauhan, Anushka Manchanda, Bombay Rockers, Anu Malik, Jazzy B, Malkit Singh, Raghav, Jay Sean, Juggy D, Rishi Rich, Udit Swaraj, Sheila Chandra, Bally Sagoo, Punjabi MC, Beno, Bhangra Knights, Mehnaz, Sanober and Vaishali Samant.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Recently, Indian pop has taken an interesting turn with the "remixing" of songs from past Indian movie songs, new beats being added to them.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Western world's music has been adopted in India, by creating fusion music in India which in turn have enriched and created global genres of western music.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Indian blues is less prevalent in India than jazz. Interest in the blues in India has only been incidental due to the shared ancestry with jazz.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: From Central India, Nicotine, an Indore-based metal band, has been credited with pioneering metal music in the region.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Despite more than a century of exposure to Western classical music and two centuries of British colonialism, classical music in India has never gained significant popularity..

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: As per UN, the Indian diaspora is world's largest overseas diaspora with 17.5 million Indian-origin international migrants across the world, who help spread the global soft power of India.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: In Indonesian and Malaysian music, the Dangdut a genre of folk music is partly derived and fused from Hindustani music. It is a very popular because of its melodious instrumentation and vocals. Dangdut features a tabla and gendang beat. Indonesians dance in somewhat similar to the ghoomar while listening to dangdut music, but in a much slower version.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Sometimes, the music of India is fused with the native traditional music of other countries. For example, Delhi 2 Dublin, a band based in Canada, is known for fusing Indian and Irish music, and Bhangraton is a fusion of Bhangra music with reggaeton.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Indian film composer A. R. Rahman wrote the music for Andrew Lloyd Webber's "Bombay Dreams", and a musical version of "Hum Aapke Hain Koun" was staged in London's West End. The Bollywood sports film "Lagaan" (2001) was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, and two other Bollywood films (2002's "Devdas" and 2006's "Rang De Basanti") were nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Bhangraton is a fusion of Bhangra music with reggaeton, which itself is a fusion of hip hop, reggae, and traditional Latin American music.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Legendary Grateful Dead frontman Jerry Garcia joined guitarist Sanjay Mishra on his classic CD "Blue Incantation" (1995). Mishra also wrote an original score for French Director Eric Heumann for his film "Port Djema" (1996) which won best score at Hamptons film festival and The Golden Bear at Berlin. in 2000 he recorded "Rescue" with drummer Dennis Chambers (Carlos Santana, John McLaughlin et al.) and in 2006 Chateau Benares with guests DJ Logic and Keller Williams (guitar and bass).

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Since the early 2000s, Bollywood began influencing musical films in the Western world and was instrumental role in reviving the American musical film. Baz Luhrmann said that his musical film, "Moulin Rouge!" (2001), was inspired by Bollywood musicals; the film incorporated a Bollywood-style dance scene with a song from the film "China Gate". The critical and financial success of "Moulin Rouge!" began a renaissance of Western musical films such as "Chicago", "Rent", and "Dreamgirls".

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: In the late 1970s and early 1980s, rock and roll fusions with Indian music were well known throughout Europe and North America. Ali Akbar Khan's 1955 performance in the United States was perhaps the beginning of this trend. In 1985, a beat-oriented, Raga Rock hybrid called Sitar Power by Ashwin Batish reintroduced sitar in western nations. Sitar Power drew the attention of a number of record labels and was snapped up by Shanachie Records of New Jersey to head their World Beat Ethno Pop division.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Bollywood has been a significant form of soft power for India, increasing its influence and changing overseas perceptions of India. According to author Roopa Swaminathan, "Bollywood cinema is one of the strongest global cultural ambassadors of a new India." Its role in expanding India's global influence is comparable to Hollywood's similar role with American influence.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Hindi films were originally distributed to some parts of Africa by Lebanese businessmen, and "Mother India" (1957) continued to be screened in Nigeria decades after its release. Indian movies have influenced Hausa clothing, songs have been covered by Hausa singers, and stories have influenced Nigerian novelists. Stickers of Indian films and stars decorate taxis and buses in Nigeria's Northern Region, and posters of Indian films hang on the walls of tailoring shops and mechanics' garages.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: In South Africa, film imports from India were watched by black and Indian audiences. Several Bollywood figures have travelled to Africa for films and off-camera projects. "Padmashree Laloo Prasad Yadav" (2005) was filmed in South Africa. "Dil Jo Bhi Kahey..." (2005) was also filmed almost entirely in Mauritius, which has a large ethnic-Indian population.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: In Egypt, Bollywood films were popular during the 1970s and 1980s. Amitabh Bachchan has remained popular in the country and Indian tourists visiting Egypt are asked, "Do you know Amitabh Bachchan?"

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: There is significant Indian diaspora communities in Suriname and Guyana, Indian music and Hindi-language movies are popular. In 2006, "Dhoom 2" became the first Bollywood film to be shot in Rio de Janeiro.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Due to shared cultural heritage and language, Indian music and Bollywood films are also popular in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal, where Hindustani is widely understood.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: West Asia has large Indian diaspora population, who mainly consume Indian music. Indian music is also popular with native middle eastern people. 85% of Qatar's and 75% of UAE's total population are Indian citizens. Hindi films and music have become popular in Arab countries,

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: and imported Indian films are usually subtitled in Arabic when they are released. Bollywood has progressed in Israel since the early 2000s, with channels dedicated to Indian films on cable television;

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: In Germany, Indian stereotypes included bullock carts, beggars, sacred cows, corrupt politicians, and catastrophes before Bollywood and the IT industry transformed global perceptions of India.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: In a more recent example of Indian-British fusion, Laura Marling along with Mumford and Sons collaborated in 2010 with the Dharohar Project on a four-song EP. The British band Bombay Bicycle Club also sampled the song "Man Dole Mera Tan Dole" for their single "Feel". Laxmikant-Pyarelal

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Due to large Indian diaspora population, Indian music and movies are very popular in Fiji especially among Indo-Fijians.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Music of India

Context: Australia and New Zealand have 2 percent Indian population, as well as other a large South Asian diaspora, and Bollywood music and movies are popular amongst non-Asians in the country as well.

Question: ভারতীয় লোক সংগীতের চর্চা শুরু হয় সর্বপ্রথম কোন সালে ?


Madame Tussauds

Context: Madame Tussauds (, ) is a wax museum in London; it has smaller museums in other major cities. It was founded by wax sculptor Marie Tussaud in 1835. It used to be spelled as "Madame Tussaud's"; the apostrophe is no longer used. Madame Tussauds is a major tourist attraction in London, displaying the waxworks of famous and historical figures, as well as popular film and television characters. The nearest station to the museum is Baker Street which is at the walking distance of .

Question: কত সালে আডলফ হিটলারের মূল ভাস্কর্যটি মাদাম তুসো জাদুঘরে উন্মোচন করা হয়েছিল ?


Madame Tussauds

Context: Marie Tussaud was born as Marie Grosholtz in 1761 in Strasbourg, France. Her mother worked for Philippe Curtius in Bern, Switzerland, who was a physician skilled in wax modeling. Curtius taught Tussaud the art of wax modelling beginning when she was a child. He moved to Paris and took his young apprentice, then only 6 years old, with him.

Question: কত সালে আডলফ হিটলারের মূল ভাস্কর্যটি মাদাম তুসো জাদুঘরে উন্মোচন করা হয়েছিল ?


Madame Tussauds

Context: Grosholtz created her first wax sculpture in 1777 of Voltaire. At the age of 17, she became the art tutor to Madame Elizabeth, the sister of King Louis XVI of France, at the Palace of Versailles. During the French Revolution, she was imprisoned for three months and awaiting execution, but was released after the intervention of an influential friend. During the Revolution, she made models of many prominent victims.

Question: কত সালে আডলফ হিটলারের মূল ভাস্কর্যটি মাদাম তুসো জাদুঘরে উন্মোচন করা হয়েছিল ?


Madame Tussauds

Context: She was unable to return to France because of the Napoleonic Wars, so she traveled throughout Great Britain and Ireland exhibiting her collection. From 1831, she took a series of short leases on the upper floor of "Baker Street Bazaar" (on the west side of Baker Street, Dorset Street, and King Street in London). This site was later featured in the Druce-Portland case sequence of trials of 1898–1907. This became Tussaud's first permanent home in 1836.

Question: কত সালে আডলফ হিটলারের মূল ভাস্কর্যটি মাদাম তুসো জাদুঘরে উন্মোচন করা হয়েছিল ?


Madame Tussauds

Context: By 1835, Marie Tussaud had settled down in Baker Street, London and opened a museum. One of the main attractions of her museum was the Chamber of Horrors. The name is often credited to a contributor to "Punch" in 1845, but Tussaud appears to have originated it herself, using it in advertising as early as 1843.

Question: কত সালে আডলফ হিটলারের মূল ভাস্কর্যটি মাদাম তুসো জাদুঘরে উন্মোচন করা হয়েছিল ?


Madame Tussauds

Context: This part of the exhibition included victims of the French Revolution and newly created figures of murderers and other criminals. Other famous people were added, including Lord Nelson, the Duke of Wellington, Henry VIII and Queen Victoria.

Question: কত সালে আডলফ হিটলারের মূল ভাস্কর্যটি মাদাম তুসো জাদুঘরে উন্মোচন করা হয়েছিল ?


Madame Tussauds

Context: In 2005, Madame Tussauds was sold to a company in Dubai, Dubai International Capital, for £800m (US$1.5bn). In May 2007, The Blackstone Group purchased The Tussauds Group from then-owner Dubai International Capital for US$1.9 billion; the company was merged with Blackstone's Merlin Entertainments and operation of Madame Tussauds was taken over by Merlin. After the Tussauds acquisition, Dubai International Capital gained 20% of Merlin Entertainment.

Question: কত সালে আডলফ হিটলারের মূল ভাস্কর্যটি মাদাম তুসো জাদুঘরে উন্মোচন করা হয়েছিল ?


Madame Tussauds

Context: On 17 July 2007, as part of the financing for the Tussauds deal, Merlin sold the freehold of Madame Tussauds to private investor Nick Leslau and his investment firm Prestbury under a sale and leaseback agreement. Although the attraction sites are owned by Prestbury, they are operated by Merlin based on a renewable 35-year lease.

Question: কত সালে আডলফ হিটলারের মূল ভাস্কর্যটি মাদাম তুসো জাদুঘরে উন্মোচন করা হয়েছিল ?


Madame Tussauds

Context: Madame Tussaud's wax museum became a major tourist attraction in London. Until 2010 it incorporated the London Planetarium in its west wing. A large animated dark ride, "The Spirit of London", opened in 1993. Today's wax figures at Tussauds include historical and royal figures, film stars, sports stars, and famous murderers. It has been known since 2007 as "Madame Tussauds" museums (no apostrophe).

Question: কত সালে আডলফ হিটলারের মূল ভাস্কর্যটি মাদাম তুসো জাদুঘরে উন্মোচন করা হয়েছিল ?


Madame Tussauds

Context: The first Madame Tussauds in India opened in New Delhi on 1 December 2017. Its operator, Merlin Entertainments, planned an investment of 50 million pounds over the next 10 years. It features over 50 wax models, including political and entertainment figures such as Ariana Grande, Amitabh Bachchan, Salman Khan, Katrina Kaif, Sachin Tendulkar, Kim Kardashian, Tom Cruise, Leonardo DiCaprio, Scarlett Johansson, Angelina Jolie, Asha Bhosle, Kapil Dev, and Mary Kom.

Question: কত সালে আডলফ হিটলারের মূল ভাস্কর্যটি মাদাম তুসো জাদুঘরে উন্মোচন করা হয়েছিল ?


Madame Tussauds

Context: On 30 December 2020, the holding company of Madame Tussauds Wax Museum in Delhi, India confirmed a temporary shutdown of the Museum. It is scheduled to reopen in 2022.

Question: কত সালে আডলফ হিটলারের মূল ভাস্কর্যটি মাদাম তুসো জাদুঘরে উন্মোচন করা হয়েছিল ?


Tamil language

Context: In 1578, Portuguese Christian missionaries published a Tamil prayer book in old Tamil script named "Thambiran Vanakkam", thus making Tamil the first Indian language to be printed and published. The "Tamil Lexicon," published by the University of Madras, was one of the earliest dictionaries published in Indian languages. According to a 2001 survey, there were 1,863 newspapers published in Tamil, of which 353 were dailies.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: "Tamil" belongs to the southern branch of the Dravidian languages, a family of around 26 languages native to the Indian subcontinent. It is also classified as being part of a Tamil language family that, alongside Tamil proper, includes the languages of about 35 ethno-linguistic groups such as the Irula and Yerukula languages (see SIL Ethnologue).

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: The closest major relative of Tamil is Malayalam; the two began diverging around the 9th century AD. Although many of the differences between Tamil and Malayalam demonstrate a pre-historic split of the western dialect, the process of separation into a distinct language, Malayalam, was not completed until sometime in the 13th or 14th century.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: In 2004, a number of skeletons were found buried in earthenware urns in Adichanallur. Some of these urns contained writing in Tamil Brahmi script, and some contained skeletons of Tamil origin.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: Between 2017 and 2018, 5,820 artifacts have been found in Keezhadi. These sent to Beta Analytic in Miami, Florida for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) dating. One sample containing Tamil-Brahmi inscriptions was claimed to be dated to around 580 BC.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: According to Hindu legend, Tamil or in personification form Tamil Thāi (Mother Tamil) was created by Lord Shiva. Murugan, revered as the Tamil God, along with sage Agastya, brought it to the people.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: The Samavayanga Sutra dated to the 3rd century BC contains a reference to a Tamil script named 'Damili'.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: Southworth suggests that the name comes from > "self-speak", or "our own speech". Kamil Zvelebil suggests an etymology of , with meaning "self" or "one's self", and "" having the connotation of "unfolding sound". Alternatively, he suggests a derivation of < < * < *, meaning in origin "the proper process (of speaking)". However, this is deemed unlikely by Southworth due to the contemporary use of the compound 'centamiḻ', which means refined speech in the earliest literature.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: The Tamil Lexicon of University of Madras defines the word "Tamil" as "sweetness". S. V. Subramanian suggests the meaning "sweet sound", from "tam" — "sweet" and "il" — "sound".

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: In addition, with the creation in October 2004 of a legal status for classical languages by the Government of India and following a political campaign supported by several Tamil associations, Tamil became the first legally recognised Classical language of India. The recognition was announced by the contemporaneous President of India, Abdul Kalam, who was a Tamilian himself, in a joint sitting of both houses of the Indian Parliament on 6 June 2004.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: In addition to its dialects, Tamil exhibits different forms: a classical literary style modelled on the ancient language ('), a modern literary and formal style ('), and a modern colloquial form ('). These styles shade into each other, forming a stylistic continuum. For example, it is possible to write ' with a vocabulary drawn from ', or to use forms associated with one of the other variants while speaking '.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: Apart from the usual numerals, Tamil has numerals for 10, 100 and 1000. Symbols for day, month, year, debit, credit, as above, rupee, and numeral are present as well. Tamil also uses several historical fractional signs.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: Tamil employs agglutinative grammar, where suffixes are used to mark noun class, number, and case, verb tense and other grammatical categories. Tamil's standard metalinguistic terminology and scholarly vocabulary is itself Tamil, as opposed to the Sanskrit that is standard for most Indo-Aryan languages.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: Much of Tamil grammar is extensively described in the oldest known grammar book for Tamil, the "Tolkāppiyam". Modern Tamil writing is largely based on the 13th-century grammar ' which restated and clarified the rules of the "Tolkāppiyam", with some modifications. Traditional Tamil grammar consists of five parts, namely ', ', ', ', '. Of these, the last two are mostly applied in poetry.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: Tamil verbs are also inflected through the use of suffixes. A typical Tamil verb form will have a number of suffixes, which show person, number, mood, tense, and voice.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: Traditional grammars of Tamil do not distinguish between adjectives and adverbs, including both of them under the category "uriccol", although modern grammarians tend to distinguish between them on morphological and syntactical grounds. Tamil has many ideophones that act as adverbs indicating the way the object in a given state "says" or "sounds".

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: Tamil does not have articles. Definiteness and indefiniteness are either indicated by special grammatical devices, such as using the number "one" as an indefinite article, or by the context. In the first person plural, Tamil makes a distinction between inclusive pronouns ' (we), ' (our) that include the addressee and exclusive pronouns ' (we), ' (our) that do not.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: Tamil is a consistently head-final language. The verb comes at the end of the clause, with a typical word order of subject–object–verb (SOV). However, word order in Tamil is also flexible, so that surface permutations of the SOV order are possible with different pragmatic effects. Tamil has postpositions rather than prepositions. Demonstratives and modifiers precede the noun within the noun phrase. Subordinate clauses precede the verb of the matrix clause.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: Tamil is a null-subject language. Not all Tamil sentences have subjects, verbs, and objects. It is possible to construct grammatically valid and meaningful sentences which lack one or more of the three. For example, a sentence may only have a verb—such as ' ("completed")—or only a subject and object, without a verb such as ' ("That [is] my house"). Tamil does not have a copula (a linking verb equivalent to the word "is"). The word is included in the translations only to convey the meaning more easily.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: In the 20th century, institutions and learned bodies have, with government support, generated technical dictionaries for Tamil containing neologisms and words derived from Tamil roots to replace loan words from English and other languages. As of 2019, the language had a listed vocabulary of over 470,000 unique words, including those from old literary sources. In November 2019, the state government issued an order to add 9,000 new words to the vocabulary.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: The following is a sample text in literary Tamil of Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights:

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: Uṟuppurai 1: Maṉitap piṟaviyiṉar cakalarum cutantiramākavē piṟakkiṉṟaṉar; avarkaḷ matippilum, urimaikaḷilum camamāṉavarkaḷ, avarkaḷ niyāyattaiyum maṉaccāṭciyaiyum iyaṟpaṇpākap peṟṟavarkaḷ. Avarkaḷ oruvaruṭaṉoruvar cakōtara uṇarvup pāṅkil naṭantukoḷḷal vēṇṭum.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: Section 1: Human beings all-of-them freely are born. They rights-in-and dignities-in-and equal-ones. They law-and conscience-and intrinsically possessed-ones. They among-one-another brotherly feeling share-in act must.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Tamil language

Context: Article 1: All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They possess conscience and reason. Therefore, everyone should act in a spirit of brotherhood towards each other.

Question: তামিল ভাষাটি বর্তমানে ভারতের কোন রাজ্যের সরকারি ভাষা ?


Saudi riyal

Context: In 1960, the system was changed to 20 qirsh to a riyal, which was followed in 1963 by the introduction of the "halala", one hundredth of a riyal. Some Saudi coins still bear denominations in qirsh, but it is no longer commonly used.

Question: সৌদি আরবের মুদ্রা কী ?


Saudi riyal

Context: In 1925, transitional copper coins for ¼ and ½ qirsh (in some parts of the country, it is pronounced girsh) were minted in Mecca by Ibn Saud. They were followed, in 1926, by ¼, ½ and 1 qirsh cupro-nickel pieces carrying the title "King of Hejaz and Sultan of Nejd".

Question: সৌদি আরবের মুদ্রা কী ?


Saudi riyal

Context: In 1927, the royal title was changed to "King of Hejaz and Nejd and Dependencies" and coins were issued in denominations of ¼, ½ and 1 qirsh in cupro-nickel and ¼, ½ and 1 riyal in silver.

Question: সৌদি আরবের মুদ্রা কী ?


Saudi riyal

Context: In 1935, the first coins were issued in the name of Saudi Arabia. These were silver ¼, ½ and 1 riyal coins which were nearly 50% lighter than the previous issue. Cupro-nickel ¼, ½ and 1 qirsh were also issued from 1937. In 1946 (AH 1365), many of the cupro-nickel coins were countermarked with the Arabic numerals 65 in what Krause and Mishler describe as "a move to break money changers' monopoly on small coins". Cupro-nickel 2 and 4 qirsh were introduced in 1957.

Question: সৌদি আরবের মুদ্রা কী ?


Saudi riyal

Context: In 1963, the halala was introduced, and bronze 1 halala coins were issued. That was the only year they were struck. Cupro-nickel 5, 10, 25 and 50 halala followed in 1972, inscribed with their denomination in ghirsh or riyal (1, 2 qirsh, ¼, ½ riyal). In 1976, cupro-nickel 1 riyal coins were introduced, which are also inscribed with the denomination 100 halala. Bimetallic 1 riyal coins, also marked 100 halala, were issued in 1999.

Question: সৌদি আরবের মুদ্রা কী ?


Saudi riyal

Context: 500 Riyal notes were introduced in 1983. 20 and 200 riyal banknotes were issued in 2000 to commemorate the centenary of the founding of what became the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The 5th series of banknotes bearing the face of King Abdullah were issued in 2007. The 6th series of banknotes bearing the face of King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud were issued on 14/3/1438H (13/12/2016).

Question: সৌদি আরবের মুদ্রা কী ?


Saudi riyal

Context: In June 1986, the riyal was officially pegged to the IMF's special drawing rights (SDRs). In practice, it is fixed at 1 U.S. dollar = 3.75 riyals, which translates to approximately 1 riyal = 0.266667 dollar. This rate was made official on January 1, 2003.

Question: সৌদি আরবের মুদ্রা কী ?


Saudi riyal

Context: The riyal briefly rose to a 20-year high after the US Federal Reserve cut interest rates on September 18, 2007 and the SAMA chose not to follow suit, partially due to concerns about the inflationary effects low interest rates and a lower value for the riyal. The riyal returned to its peg against the U.S. dollar in early December 2007.

Question: সৌদি আরবের মুদ্রা কী ?


Saudi riyal

Context: Saudi Arabia is a member of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, which planned a monetary union with a single currency by 2010. However, all GCC countries operate with their own currency so far.

Question: সৌদি আরবের মুদ্রা কী ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Tibetan Buddhism (also referred to as Indo-Tibetan Buddhism, Lamaism, Lamaistic Buddhism, Himalayan Buddhism, and Northern Buddhism) is the form of Buddhism practiced in Tibet and Bhutan, where it is the dominant religion. It also has adherents in the regions surrounding the Himalayas (such as Ladakh, a union territory of India, and Indian states of Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh), in much of Central Asia, in the Southern Siberian regions such as Tuva, and in Mongolia.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Apart from classical Mahāyāna Buddhist practices like the six perfections, Tibetan Buddhism also includes tantric practices, such as deity yoga and the Six Dharmas of Naropa as well as methods which are seen as transcending tantra, like Dzogchen. Its main goal is Buddhahood. The main language of scriptural study in this tradition is classical Tibetan.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: While each of the four schools is independent and has its own monastic institutions and leaders, they are closely related and intersect, with common contact and dialogue.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: The native Tibetan term for Buddhism is "The Dharma of the insiders" ("nang chos") or "The Buddha Dharma of the insiders" ("nang pa sangs rgyas pa'i chos"). "Insider" means someone who seeks the truth not outside, but within the nature of mind. This is contrasted with other forms of organized religion, which are termed "chos lugs" (dharma system)"," for example, Christianity is termed "Yi shu'i chos lugs" (Jesus dharma system)"."

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Westerners unfamiliar with Tibetan Buddhism initially turned to China for understanding. In Han buddhism, the term used is "Lamaism" (literally, "doctrine of the lamas": "lama jiao") to distinguish it from a then-traditional Han form ( "fo jiao"). The term was taken up by western scholars including Hegel, as early as 1822. Insofar as it implies a discontinuity between Indian and Tibetan Buddhism, the term has been discredited.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Another term, "Vajrayāna" (Tibetan: "dorje tegpa") is occasionally misused for Tibetan Buddhism. More accurately, Vajrayāna signifies a certain subset of practices and traditions which are not only part of Tibetan Buddhism, but also prominent in other Buddhist traditions.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: In the west, the term "Indo-Tibetan Buddhism" has become current, in acknowledgement of its derivation from the latest stages of Buddhist development in northern India. "Northern Buddhism" is also sometimes used to refer to Indo-Tibetan Buddhism, for example, in the Brill "Dictionary of Religion."

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Another term, Himalayan (or Trans-Himalayan) Buddhism is also sometimes used to indicate how this form of Buddhism is practiced not just in Tibet but throughout the Himalayan Regions.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: During 3th century, Buddhism begins to spread into Tibetan region and teachings affect Bon religion in Kingdom of Zhangzhung.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: While some stories depict Buddhism in Tibet before this period, the religion was formally introduced during the Tibetan Empire (7th-9th century CE). Sanskrit Buddhist scriptures from India were first translated into Tibetan under the reign of the Tibetan king Songtsän Gampo (618-649 CE). This period also saw the development of the Tibetan writing system and classical Tibetan.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: A reversal in Buddhist influence began under King Langdarma (r. 836-842), and his death was followed by the so-called "Era of Fragmentation", a period of disunity during the 9th and 10th centuries. During this era, the political centralization of the earlier Tibetan Empire collapsed and civil wars ensued.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: The late 10th and 11th centuries saw a revival of Buddhism in Tibet with the founding of "New Translation" ("Sarma") lineages as well as the appearance of "hidden treasures" ("terma") literature which reshaped the Nyingma tradition.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: The Sakya ("Grey Earth") school, was founded by Khön Könchok Gyelpo (1034–1102), a disciple of the great scholar, Drogmi Shākya. It is headed by the Sakya Trizin, and traces its lineage to the mahasiddha Virūpa.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Other influential Indian teachers include Tilopa (988–1069) and his student Naropa (probably died ca. 1040). Their teachings, via their student Marpa, are the foundations of the Kagyu ("Oral lineage") tradition"," which focuses on the practices of Mahamudra and the Six Dharmas of Naropa. One of most famous Kagyu figures was the hermit Milarepa, an 11th-century mystic. The Dagpo Kagyu was founded by the monk Gampopa who merged Marpa's lineage teachings with the monastic Kadam tradition.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: All the sub-schools of the Kagyu tradition of Tibetan Buddhism surviving today, including the Drikung Kagyu, the Drukpa Kagyu and the Karma Kagyu, are branches of the Dagpo Kagyu. The Karma Kagyu school is the largest of the Kagyu sub-schools and is headed by the Karmapa.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Tibetan Buddhism exerted a strong influence from the 11th century CE among the peoples of Inner Asia, especially the Mongols. The Mongols invaded Tibet in 1240 and 1244. They eventually annexed Amdo and Kham and appointed the great scholar and abbot Sakya Pandita (1182–1251) as Viceroy of Central Tibet in 1249.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: In this way, Tibet was incorporated into the Mongol Empire, with the Sakya hierarchy retaining nominal power over religious and regional political affairs, while the Mongols retained structural and administrative rule over the region, reinforced by the rare military intervention. Tibetan Buddhism was adopted as the "de facto" state religion by the Mongol Yuan dynasty (1271–1368) of Kublai Khan.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: It was also during this period that the Tibetan Buddhist canon was compiled, primarily led by the efforts of the scholar Butön Rinchen Drup (1290–1364). A part of this project included the carving of the canon into wood blocks for printing, and the first copies of these texts were kept at Narthang monastery.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: With the decline of the Mongol Yuan dynasty and the loose administration of the following (Han-Chinese) Ming dynasty (1368–1644), Central Tibet was ruled by successive local families from the 14th to the 17th century.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Internal strife within the Phagmodrupa dynasty, and the strong localism of the various fiefs and political-religious factions, led to a long series of internal conflicts. The minister family Rinpungpa, based in Tsang (West Central Tibet), dominated politics after 1435.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: In 1565, the Rinpungpa family was overthrown by the Tsangpa Dynasty of Shigatse, which expanded its power in different directions of Tibet in the following decades and favoured the Karma Kagyu sect. They would play a pivotal role in the events which led to the rise of power of the Dalai Lama's in the 1640s.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: In China, Tibetan Buddhism continued to be patronized by the elites of the Ming Dynasty. According to David M. Robinson, during this era, Tibetan Buddhist monks "conducted court rituals, enjoyed privileged status and gained access to the jealously guarded, private world of the emperors". The Ming Yongle Emperor (r. 1402–1424) promoted the carving of printing blocks for the Kangyur, now known as "the Yongle Kanjur", and seen as an important edition of the collection.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: The Ming Dynasty also supported the propagation of Tibetan Buddhism in Mongolia during this period. Tibetan Buddhist missionaries also helped spread the religion in Mongolia. It was during this era that Altan Khan the leader of the Tümed Mongols, converted to Buddhism, and allied with the Gelug school, conferring the title of Dalai Lama to Sonam Gyatso in 1578.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: During a Tibetan civil war in the 17th century, Sonam Choephel (1595–1657 CE), the chief regent of the 5th Dalai Lama, conquered and unified Tibet to establish the "Ganden Phodrang" government with the help of the Güshi Khan of the Khoshut Mongols. The "Ganden Phodrang" and the successive Gelug tulku lineages of the Dalai Lamas and Panchen Lamas maintained regional control of Tibet from the mid-17th to mid-20th centuries.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: During the Qing, Tibetan Buddhism also remained the major religion of the Mongols under Qing rule (1635–1912), as well as the state religion of the Kalmyk Khanate (1630–1771), the Dzungar Khanate (1634–1758) and the Khoshut Khanate (1642–1717).

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: In 1912, following the fall of the Qing Dynasty, Tibet became de facto independent under the 13th Dalai Lama government based in Lhasa, maintaining the current territory of what is now called the Tibetan Autonomous Region.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: During the Republic of China (1912–1949), the "Chinese Tantric Buddhist Revival Movement" () took place, and important figures such as Nenghai (, 1886–1967) and Master Fazun (, 1902–1980) promoted Tibetan Buddhism and translated Tibetan works into Chinese. This movement was severely damaged during the cultural revolution, however.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Outside of Tibet, however, there was a renewed interest in Tibetan Buddhism in places such as Nepal and Bhutan.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Meanwhile, the spread of Tibetan Buddhism in the Western world was accomplished by many of the refugee Tibetan Lamas who escaped Tibet, such as Akong Rinpoche and Chögyam Trungpa who in 1967 were founders of Kagyu Samye Ling the first Tibetan Buddhist Centre to be established in the West.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: After the liberalization policies in China during the 1980s, the religion began to recover with some temples and monasteries being reconstructed. Tibetan Buddhism is now an influential religion among Chinese people, and also in Taiwan. However, the Chinese government retains strict control over Tibetan Buddhist Institutions in the PRC. Quotas on the number of monks and nuns are maintained, and their activities are closely supervised.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Within the Tibetan Autonomous Region, violence against buddhists has been escalating since 2008. Widespread reports document the arrests and disappearances of nuns and monks, while the Chinese government classifies religious practices as "gang crime". Reports include the demolition of monasteries, forced disrobing, forced reeducation, and detentions of nuns and monks, especially those residing at Yarchen Gar's center, the most highly publicized.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Tibetan Buddhism upholds classic Buddhist teachings such as the four noble truths (Tib. "pakpé denpa shyi"), anatman (not-self, "bdag med"), the five aggregates ("phung po") karma and rebirth, and dependent arising ("rten cing ’brel bar ’byung ba"). They also uphold various other Buddhist doctrines associated with Mahāyāna Buddhism ("theg pa chen po") as well as the tantric Vajrayāna tradition.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: The Mahāyāna goal of spiritual development is to achieve the enlightenment of Buddhahood in order to help all other sentient beings attain this state. This motivation is called "bodhicitta" (mind of awakening) — an altruistic intention to become enlightened for the sake of all sentient beings. "Bodhisattvas" (Tib. "jangchup semba," literally "awakening hero") are revered beings who have conceived the will and vow to dedicate their lives with "bodhicitta" for the sake of all beings.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Widely revered Bodhisattvas in Tibetan Buddhism include Avalokiteshvara, Manjushri, Vajrapani, and Tara. The most important Buddhas are the five Buddhas of the Vajradhatu mandala as well as the Adi Buddha (first Buddha), called either Vajradhara or Samantabhadra.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Buddhahood is defined as a state free of the obstructions to liberation as well as those to omniscience ("sarvajñana"). When one is freed from all mental obscurations, one is said to attain a state of continuous bliss mixed with a simultaneous cognition of emptiness, the true nature of reality. In this state, all limitations on one's ability to help other living beings are removed. Tibetan Buddhism claims to teach methods for achieving Buddhahood more quickly (known as the Vajrayāna path).

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: It is said that there are countless beings who have attained Buddhahood. Buddhas spontaneously, naturally and continuously perform activities to benefit all sentient beings. However it is believed that one's "karma" could limit the ability of the Buddhas to help them. Thus, although Buddhas possess no limitation from their side on their ability to help others, sentient beings continue to experience suffering as a result of the limitations of their own former negative actions.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: An important schema which is used in understanding the nature of Buddhahood in Tibetan Buddhism is the "Trikaya" (Three bodies) doctrine.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: A central schema for spiritual advancement used in Tibetan Buddhism is that of the five paths (Skt. "pañcamārga"; Tib. "lam nga") which are:

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: The schema of the five paths is often elaborated and merged with the concept of the "bhumis" or the bodhisattva levels.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: "Lamrim" ("stages of the path") is a Tibetan Buddhist schema for presenting the stages of spiritual practice leading to liberation. In Tibetan Buddhist history there have been many different versions of "lamrim", presented by different teachers of the Nyingma, Kagyu and Gelug schools (the Sakya school uses a different system named "Lamdre"). However, all versions of the "lamrim" are elaborations of Atiśa's 11th-century root text "A Lamp for the Path to Enlightenment" ("Bodhipathapradīpa").

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Atisha's "lamrim" system generally divides practitioners into those of "lesser", "middling" and "superior" scopes or attitudes:

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Although "lamrim" texts cover much the same subject areas, subjects within them may be arranged in different ways and with different emphasis depending on the school and tradition it belongs to. Gampopa and Tsongkhapa expanded the short root-text of Atiśa into an extensive system to understand the entire Buddhist philosophy. In this way, subjects like karma, rebirth, Buddhist cosmology and the practice of meditation are gradually explained in logical order.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Tibetan Buddhism incorporates Vajrayāna ("Vajra vehicle"), "Secret Mantra" (Skt. "Guhyamantra") or Buddhist Tantra, which is espoused in the texts known as the Buddhist Tantras (dating from around the 7th century CE onwards).

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Tantra (Tib. "rgyud", "continuum") generally refers to forms of religious practice which emphasize the use of unique ideas, visualizations, mantras, and other practices for inner transformation. The Vajrayana is seen by most Tibetan adherents as the fastest and most powerful vehicle for enlightenment because it contains many skillful means ("upaya") and because it takes the effect (Buddhahood itself, or Buddha nature) as the path (and hence is sometimes known as the "effect vehicle", "phalayana").

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: An important element of Tantric practice are tantric deities and their mandalas. These deities come in peaceful ("shiwa") and fierce ("trowo") forms.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Tantric texts also generally affirm the use of sense pleasures and other defilements in Tantric ritual as a path to enlightenment, as opposed to non-Tantric Buddhism which affirms that one must renounce all sense pleasures. These practices are based on the theory of transformation which states that negative or sensual mental factors and physical actions can be cultivated and transformed in a ritual setting. As the "Hevajra Tantra" states:

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Those things by which evil men are bound, others turn into means and gain thereby release from the bonds of existence. By passion the world is bound, by passion too it is released, but by heretical Buddhists this practice of reversals is not known.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Another element of the Tantras is their use of transgressive practices, such as drinking taboo substances such as alcohol or sexual yoga. While in many cases these transgressions were interpreted only symbolically, in other cases they are practiced literally.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: The Indian Buddhist Madhyamaka ("Middle Way" or "Centrism") philosophy, also called "Śūnyavāda" (the emptiness doctrine) is the dominant Buddhist philosophy in Tibetan Buddhism. In Madhyamaka, the true nature of reality is referred to as "Śūnyatā", which is the fact that all phenomena are empty of inherent existence or essence ("svabhava"). Madhyamaka is generally seen as the highest philosophical view by most Tibetan philosophers, but it is interpreted in numerous different ways.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: The other main Mahayana philosophical school, Yogācāra has also been very influential in Tibetan Buddhism, but there is more disagreement among the various schools and philosophers regarding its status. While the Gelug school generally sees Yogācāra views as either false or provisional (i.e. only pertaining to conventional truth), philosophers in the other three main schools, such as Ju Mipham and Sakya Chokden, hold that Yogācāra ideas are as important as Madhyamaka views.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Two tenets belong to the path referred to as the Hinayana ("lesser vehicle") or Sravakayana ("the disciples' vehicle"), and are both related to the north Indian Sarvastivada tradition:

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Study of major Buddhist Indian texts is central to the monastic curriculum in all four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism. Memorization of classic texts as well as other ritual texts is expected as part of traditional monastic education. Another important part of higher religious education is the practice of formalized debate.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: The canon was mostly finalized in the 13th century, and divided into two parts, the Kangyur (containing sutras and tantras) and the Tengyur (containing "shastras" and commentaries). The Nyingma school also maintains a separate collection of texts called the Nyingma Gyubum, assembled by Ratna Lingpa in the 15th century and revised by Jigme Lingpa.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Among Tibetans, the main language of study is classical Tibetan, however, the Tibetan Buddhist canon was also translated into other languages, such as Mongolian and Manchu.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: During the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties, many texts from the Tibetan canon were also translated into Chinese.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Numerous texts have also recently been translated into Western languages by Western academics and Buddhist practitioners.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Among the most widely studied sutras in Tibetan Buddhism are Mahāyāna sutras such as the "Perfection of Wisdom" or "Prajñāpāramitā" sutras, and others such as the "Saṃdhinirmocana-sūtra," and the "Samādhirāja Sūtra."

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: The study of Indian Buddhist treatises called "shastras" is central to Tibetan Buddhist scholasticism. Some of the most important works are those by the six great Indian Mahayana authors which are known as the Six Ornaments and Two Supreme Ones (Tib. "gyen druk chok nyi", Wyl. "rgyan drug mchog gnyis"), the six being: Nagarjuna, Aryadeva, Asanga, Vasubandhu, Dignaga, and Dharmakirti and the two being: Gunaprabha and Shakyaprabha (or Nagarjuna and Asanga depending on the tradition).

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Since the late 11th century, traditional Tibetan monastic colleges generally organized the exoteric study of Buddhism into "five great textual traditions" ("zhungchen-nga").

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Also of great importance are the "Five Treatises of Maitreya" including the influential "Ratnagotravibhāga", a compendium of the "tathāgatagarbha" literature, and the "Mahayanasutralankara", a text on the Mahayana path from the Yogacara perspective, which are often attributed to Asanga. Practiced focused texts such as the "Yogācārabhūmi-Śāstra" and Kamalaśīla's "Bhāvanākrama" are the major sources for meditation.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: While the Indian texts are often central, original material by key Tibetan scholars is also widely studied and collected into editions called "sungbum". The commentaries and interpretations that are used to shed light on these texts differ according to tradition. The Gelug school for example, use the works of Tsongkhapa, while other schools may use the more recent work of Rimé movement scholars like Jamgon Kongtrul and Jamgon Ju Mipham Gyatso.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: In Tibetan Buddhism, the Buddhist Tantras are divided into four or six categories, with several sub-categories for the highest Tantras.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: In the Nyingma, the division is into "Outer Tantras" (Kriyayoga, Charyayoga, Yogatantra); and "Inner Tantras" (Mahayoga, Anuyoga, Atiyoga/Dzogchen), which correspond to the "Anuttarayoga-tantra". For the Nyingma school, important tantras include the "Guhyagarbha Tantra", the "Guhyasamaja Tantra," the "Kulayarāja Tantra" and the 17 Dzogchen Tantras.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: The root tantras themselves are almost unintelligible without the various Indian and Tibetan commentaries, therefore, they are never studied without the use of the tantric commentarial apparatus.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: There is a long history of oral transmission of teachings in Tibetan Buddhism. Oral transmissions by lineage holders traditionally can take place in small groups or mass gatherings of listeners and may last for seconds (in the case of a mantra, for example) or months (as in the case of a section of the Tibetan Buddhist canon). It is held that a transmission can even occur without actually hearing, as in Asanga's visions of Maitreya.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: While it is generally held that the practices of Vajrayāna are not included in Sutrayāna, all Sutrayāna practices are common to Vajrayāna practice. Traditionally, Vajrayāna is held to be a more powerful and effective path, but potentially more difficult and dangerous and thus they should only be undertaken by the advanced who have established a solid basis in other practices.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: The "pāramitās" (perfections, transcendent virtues) is a key set of virtues which constitute the major practices of a bodhisattva in non-tantric Mahayana. They are:

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: The practice of "dāna" (giving) while traditionally referring to offerings of food to the monastics can also refer to the ritual offering of bowls of water, incense, butter lamps and flowers to the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas on a shrine or household altar. Similar offerings are also given to other beings such as hungry ghosts, dakinis, protector deities, local divinities etc.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Like other forms of Mahayana Buddhism, the practice of the five precepts and bodhisattva vows is part of Tibetan Buddhist moral ("sila") practice. In addition to these, there are also numerous sets of Tantric vows, termed samaya, which are given as part of Tantric initiations.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Compassion ("karuṇā") practices are also particularly important in Tibetan Buddhism. One of the foremost authoritative texts on the Bodhisattva path is the "Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra" by Shantideva. In the eighth section entitled "Meditative Concentration", Shantideva describes meditation on Karunā as thus:

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: A popular compassion meditation in Tibetan Buddhism is "tonglen" (sending and taking love and suffering respectively). Practices associated with Chenrezig (Avalokiteshvara), also tend to focus on compassion.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: The 14th Dalai Lama defines meditation ("bsgom pa") as "familiarization of the mind with an object of meditation." Traditionally, Tibetan Buddhism follows the two main approaches to meditation or mental cultivation ("bhavana") taught in all forms of Buddhism, śamatha (Tib. "Shine") and vipaśyanā ("lhaktong").

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Once a meditator has reached the ninth level of this schema they achieve what is termed "pliancy" (Tib. "shin tu sbyangs pa", Skt. "prasrabdhi"), defined as "a serviceability of mind and body such that the mind can be set on a virtuous object of observation as long as one likes; it has the function of removing all obstructions." This is also said to be very joyful and blissful for the body and the mind.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: A meditation routine may involve alternating sessions of vipaśyanā to achieve deeper levels of realization, and samatha to consolidate them.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: The most widespread preliminary practices include: taking refuge, prostration, Vajrasattva meditation, mandala offerings and guru yoga. The merit acquired in the preliminary practices facilitates progress in Vajrayāna. While many Buddhists may spend a lifetime exclusively on sutra practices, an amalgam of the two to some degree is common. For example, in order to train in calm abiding, one might visualize a tantric deity.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: There is a general sense in which any Tibetan Buddhist teacher is called a "lama". A student may have taken teachings from many authorities and revere them all as "lamas" in this general sense. However, he will typically have one held in special esteem as his own root guru and is encouraged to view the other teachers who are less dear to him, however more exalted their status, as embodied in and subsumed by the root guru.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: One particular feature of the Tantric view of teacher student relationship is that in Tibetan Buddhist Tantra, one is instructed to regard one's guru as an awakened Buddha.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Buddhism has always had a taste for esotericism since its earliest period in India. Tibetans today maintain greater or lesser degrees of confidentiality also with information on the "vinaya" and emptiness specifically. In Buddhist teachings generally, too, there is caution about revealing information to people who may be unready for it.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Practicing tantra also includes the maintaining of a separate set of vows, which are called "Samaya (dam tshig)". There are various lists of these and they may differ depending on the practice and one's lineage or individual guru. Upholding these vows is said to be essential for tantric practice and breaking them is said to cause great harm.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Ritual is generally more elaborate than in other forms of Buddhism, with complex altar arrangements and works of art (such as mandalas and thangkas), many ritual objects, hand gestures ("mudra"), chants, and musical instruments.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: A special kind of ritual called an initiation or empowerment (Sanskrit: "Abhiseka", Tibetan: "Wangkur") is central to Tantric practice. These rituals consecrate a practitioner into a particular Tantric practice associated with individual mandalas of deities and mantras. Without having gone through initiation, one is generally not allowed to practice the higher Tantras.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Tibetan Buddhist practitioners repeat mantras like Om Mani Padme Hum in order to train the mind, and transform their thoughts in line with the divine qualities of the mantra's deity and special power. Tibetan Buddhists see the etymology of the term mantra as meaning "mind protector", and mantras is seen as a way to guard the mind against negativity.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: In what is called "higher yoga tantra" the emphasis is on various spiritual practices, called yogas ("naljor") and sadhanas ("druptap") which allow the practitioner to realize the true nature of reality.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: In the completion stage, one dissolves the visualization of and identification with the yidam in the realization ultimate reality. Completion stage practices can also include subtle body energy practices, such as "tummo" (lit. "Fierce Woman", Skt. "caṇḍālī," inner fire), as well as other practices that can be found in systems such as the Six Yogas of Naropa (like Dream Yoga, Bardo Yoga and Phowa) and the Six Vajra-yogas of Kalacakra.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Another form of high level Tibetan Buddhist practice are the meditations associated with the traditions of Mahāmudrā ("Great Seal") and Dzogchen ("Great Perfection"). These traditions focus on direct experience of the very nature of reality, which is variously termed "dharmakaya", buddha nature, or the "basis' ("gzhi"). These techniques do not rely on deity yoga methods but on direct pointing-out instruction from a master and are often seen as the most advanced form of Buddhist practice.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: In some cases a lama is the leader of a spiritual community. Some lamas gain their title through being part of particular family which maintains a lineage of hereditary lamas (and are thus often laypersons). One example is the Sakya family of Kon, who founded the Sakya school and another is the hereditary lamas of Mindrolling monastery.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Another title unique to Tibetan Buddhism is that of Tertön (treasure discoverer), who are considered capable of revealing or discovering special revelations or texts called Termas (lit. "hidden treasure"). They are also associated with the idea of "beyul" ("hidden valleys"), which are power places associated with deities and hidden religious treasures.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Women in Tibetan society, though still unequal, tended to have a relatively greater autonomy and power than in surrounding societies. This might be because of the smaller household sizes and low population density in Tibet. Women traditionally took many roles in Tibetan Buddhism, from lay supporters, to monastics, lamas and tantric practitioners.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Some Tibetan women become lamas by being born in one of the hereditary lama families such as Mindrolling Jetsün Khandro Rinpoche and Sakya Jetsün Kushok Chimey Luding. There have also been cases of influential female lamas who were also tertöns, such as Sera Khandro, Tare Lhamo and Ayu Khandro.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Some of these figures were also tantric consorts ("sangyum, kandroma") with male lamas, and thus took part in the sexual practices associated with the highest levels of tantric practice.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: While monasticism is practiced there by women, it is much less common (2 percent of the population in the 20th century compared to 12 percent of men). Nuns were also much less respected by Tibetan society than monks and may receive less lay support than male monastics.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Traditionally, Tibetan Buddhist nuns were also not "fully ordained" as bhikṣuṇīs (who take the full set of monastic vows in the Vinaya). When Buddhism traveled from India to Tibet, apparently the quorum of bhikṣuṇīs required for bestowing full ordination never reached Tibet. Despite an absence of ordination there, bhikṣuṇīs did travel to Tibet. A notable example was the Sri Lankan nun Candramāla, whose work with Śrījñāna () resulted in the tantric text "Śrīcandramāla Tantrarāja".

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: There are accounts of fully ordained Tibetan women, such as the Samding Dorje Phagmo (1422-1455), who was once ranked the highest female master and tulku in Tibet, but very little is known about the exact circumstances of their ordination.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: In the modern era, Tibetan Buddhist nuns have taken full ordinations through East Asian Vinaya lineages. The Dalai Lama has authorized followers of the Tibetan tradition to be ordained as nuns in traditions that have such ordination.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Buddhist author Michaela Haas notes that Tibetan Buddhism is undergoing a sea change in the West, with women playing a much more central role.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Freda Bedi was a British woman who was the first Western woman to take ordination in Tibetan Buddhism, which occurred in 1966. Pema Chödrön was the first American woman to be ordained as a Buddhist nun in the Tibetan Buddhist tradition.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: In April 2011, the Institute for Buddhist Dialectical Studies (IBD) in Dharamsala, India, conferred the degree of geshe, a Tibetan Buddhist academic degree for monastics, on Kelsang Wangmo, a German nun, thus making her the world's first female geshe. In 2013 Tibetan women were able to take the geshe exams for the first time. In 2016 twenty Tibetan Buddhist nuns became the first Tibetan women to earn geshe degrees.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Jetsunma Ahkon Lhamo gained international attention in the late 1980s as the first Western woman to be a Penor Rinpoche enthroned tulku within the Nyingma Palyul.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: The Tibetan Rime (non-sectarian) scholar Jamgon Kongtrul, in his "Treasury of Knowledge," outlines the "Eight Great Practice Lineages" which were transmitted to Tibet. His approach is not concerned with "schools" or sects, but rather focuses on the transmission of crucial meditation teachings. They are:

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: The 19th century Rimé movement downplayed these differences, as still reflected in the stance of the Fourteenth Dalai Lama, who states that there are no fundamental differences between these schools. However, there are still philosophical disagreements between the different traditions, such as the debate regarding rangtong and shentong interpretations of Madhyamaka philosophy.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: The four major schools are sometimes divided into the Nyingma (or "Old Translation") and Sarma (or "New Translation") traditions, which follow different canons of scripture (the Nyingma Gyubum along with Termas and the Tengyur-Kangyur respectively).

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: Each school also traces itself to a certain lineage going back to India as well as certain important Tibetan founders. While all the schools share most practices and methods, each school tends to have a certain preferred focus (see table below). Another common but trivial differentiation is into the Yellow Hat (Gelug) and Red Hat (non-Gelug) sects.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: In his work, "The Four Dharma Traditions of the Land of Tibet", Mipham Rinpoche described the four main schools as follows:

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: There is another minor sect, the Bodong school. This tradition was founded in 1049 by the Kadam teacher Mudra Chenpo, who also established the Bodong E Monastery. Its most famous teacher was Bodong Penchen Lénam Gyelchok (1376-1451) who authored over one hundred and thirty-five volumes. This tradition is also known for maintaining a female tulku lineage of incarnated lamas called the Samding Dorje Phagmo.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


Tibetan Buddhism

Context: While Yungdrung Bon considers itself a separate religion with pre-Buddhist origins, and it is considered as non-Buddhist by the main Tibetan traditions, it shares so many similarities and practices with mainstream Tibetan Buddhism that some scholars such as Geoffrey Samuel see it as "essentially a variant of Tibetan Buddhism". Yungdrung Bon is closely related to Nyingma Buddhism, and includes Dzogchen teachings, similar deities, rituals and forms of monasticism.

Question: বর্তমানে তিব্বতী বৌদ্ধসম্প্রদায়ের প্রধান গুরু কে ?


President of Bangladesh

Context: Later in 1973 under a new constitution, the set up began under a parliamentary system of government where the president was a nominal head of the state while all the executive powers were vested in the prime minister. In 1974, the government under Prime Minister Sheikh Mujibur Rahman switched from parliamentary to a single party presidential system banning all press, political parties and activities under the State of Emergency.

Question: স্বাধীন বাংলাদেশের প্রথম রাষ্ট্রপতি কে ?


Alex Younger

Context: Younger was born in Westminster, London on 4 July 1963. He was educated at Marlborough College and graduated from the University of St Andrews with a degree in economics. He married Sarah Hopkins in Borgo a Mozzano, Tuscany, in 1993. Younger takes pride in his Scottish heritage.

Question: সিক্রেট ইন্টেলিজেন্স সার্ভিস বা এমআই৬ সিক্রেট সংস্থাটির প্রধান কে ?


Alex Younger

Context: Younger was sponsored by the British Army through university. He was commissioned into the Royal Scots on 5 September 1986 as a second lieutenant (on probation). As a university candidate he was a full-time student at university and trained in his spare time. On 10 December 1986, he transferred to the Scots Guards.

Question: সিক্রেট ইন্টেলিজেন্স সার্ভিস বা এমআই৬ সিক্রেট সংস্থাটির প্রধান কে ?


Alex Younger

Context: On 16 June 1987, his commission was confirmed and dated to 5 September 1986; this signified the start of his full-time military service. He was granted seniority in the rank of second lieutenant from 9 April 1983. He was promoted to lieutenant, which was back dated to 5 September 1986, and was granted seniority from 9 April 1985. He was promoted to captain on 5 April 1989. On 10 April 1990, he transferred to the Regular Army Reserve of Officers, thereby ending his active military service.

Question: সিক্রেট ইন্টেলিজেন্স সার্ভিস বা এমআই৬ সিক্রেট সংস্থাটির প্রধান কে ?


Alex Younger

Context: In a leaked list of 160 MI6 agents – which was originally believed to have been released by Richard Tomlinson, although government officials subsequently "acknowledged that the list did not come from Mr Tomlinson" – Alex Younger is mentioned as having been posted to Vienna in 1995. As of 2015, Younger was paid a salary of between £160,000 and £164,999 by SIS, making him one of the 328 most highly paid people in the British public sector at that time.

Question: সিক্রেট ইন্টেলিজেন্স সার্ভিস বা এমআই৬ সিক্রেট সংস্থাটির প্রধান কে ?


Alex Younger

Context: Ralph Fiennes plays Younger's fictional counterpart "M" in "No Time to Die", a 2020 James Bond film. In August 2019 Younger and his colleagues visited a James Bond film set at Pinewood Studios in Buckinghamshire, where he shook hands with Fiennes and other actors.

Question: সিক্রেট ইন্টেলিজেন্স সার্ভিস বা এমআই৬ সিক্রেট সংস্থাটির প্রধান কে ?


Alex Younger

Context: Younger enjoys mountain hiking and sailing just like Sir Mansfield Cumming, Royal Navy officer who lived on a boat in Southampton before becoming the head of MI6 in 1909. He has three dogs.

Question: সিক্রেট ইন্টেলিজেন্স সার্ভিস বা এমআই৬ সিক্রেট সংস্থাটির প্রধান কে ?


Alex Younger

Context: Younger has three children with his wife. On 30 March 2019, Younger's son, Sam, was killed in a motoring accident in Stirlingshire.

Question: সিক্রেট ইন্টেলিজেন্স সার্ভিস বা এমআই৬ সিক্রেট সংস্থাটির প্রধান কে ?


Alex Younger

Context: Younger was appointed Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in the 2011 Birthday Honours and Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) in the 2019 Birthday Honours for services to the United Kingdom.

Question: সিক্রেট ইন্টেলিজেন্স সার্ভিস বা এমআই৬ সিক্রেট সংস্থাটির প্রধান কে ?