Forkball

Context: The forkball differs from the split-fingered fastball, however, in that the ball is jammed deeper between the first two fingers. The result is that the forkball is generally thrown slightly slower than the splitter, but has more of a "tumbling" action akin to the movement of a 12–6 curveball, as it will drop off the plate before it gets to the catcher's mitt.

Question: ＭＬＢで初めてフォークボールを投げたのは誰


Forkball

Context: The forkball is thrown with the same arm motion and speed of a fastball, but at release point, the wrist is snapped downward. Additionally, allowing the ball to spin off the middle or index finger may result in additional movement.

Question: ＭＬＢで初めてフォークボールを投げたのは誰


Mobile Suit Gundam Wing

Context: Mobile Suit Gundam Wing, also known in Japan as , is a 1995 Japanese mecha anime series directed by Masashi Ikeda and written by Katsuyuki Sumizawa. It is the sixth installment in the "Gundam" franchise, taking place in the "After Colony" timeline. As with the original series, the plot of "Gundam Wing" centers on a war in the future (specifically, After Colony 195) between Earth and its orbital colonies in the Earth-Moon system.

Question: 「ガンダムシリーズ」の物語の舞台は未来？


Mobile Suit Gundam Wing

Context: Following the series' ending, the staff members were asked by the studio to make a sequel due to its popularity. Neither Ikeda nor executive producer Hideyuki Tomioka intended to make a sequel for "Gundam Wing". However, Sumizawa was bothered by the finale as he felt the series ended abruptly. Tomioka asked Sumizawa if he could write a continuation which he agreed.

Question: 「ガンダムシリーズ」の物語の舞台は未来？


Mobile Suit Gundam Wing

Context: After the series ended, four original video animation (OVA) episodes, compiling various scenes from the series along with a few minutes of new footage, were released in 1996 as "Gundam Wing: Operation Meteor" I and II.

Question: 「ガンダムシリーズ」の物語の舞台は未来？


Mobile Suit Gundam Wing

Context: The "Gundam Wing", "Battlefield of Pacifists" and "Endless Waltz" manga series were published in English by Tokyopop, while "Blind Target", "Ground Zero" and "" were published by Viz Communications. Another sequel manga detailing the future of the colonies entitled "Tiel's Impulse" was printed in 1998 and has not been published in the United States.

Question: 「ガンダムシリーズ」の物語の舞台は未来？


Mobile Suit Gundam Wing

Context: In early 2010, "Gundam Ace" magazine announced they would serialize a "New "Gundam Wing" Project". The project was eventually revealed to be a novel, titled "". Written by Katsuyuki Sumizawa, the novel begins a new timeline, following the "Mars Century" calendar ("MC") which was the successor of the previous "After Colony" calendar. According to an interview with the author, the novel spans backwards into the AC century and the Gundam pilots, Relena, and their children make appearances.

Question: 「ガンダムシリーズ」の物語の舞台は未来？


Mobile Suit Gundam Wing

Context: Upon the series' debut in North America, "Gundam Wing" received a large roster of licensees for merchandise including wallscrolls, apparel, school supplies, skateboards, trading cards, model kits and action figures.

Question: 「ガンダムシリーズ」の物語の舞台は未来？


Mobile Suit Gundam Wing

Context: "Gundam Wing" was only a modest success in Japan during its initial run; it, along with "G Gundam", was the only "Gundam" series of the 1990s that managed an average television rating over four percent. It was ranked number two in "Animage" magazine's Anime Grand Prix in 1996 and was also ranked number 76 in the publication's list of the 100 most important anime of all time. The series is infamous within "dōjinshi" where authors tend to depict romantic relationships between several of the protagonists.

Question: 「ガンダムシリーズ」の物語の舞台は未来？


Flat engine

Context: A flat engine, also known as a horizontally opposed engine, is a piston engine where the cylinders are located on either side of a central crankshaft. A flat engine should not be confused with the opposed-piston engine, in which each cylinder has two pistons sharing a central combustion chamber.

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: The most common configuration of flat engines is the boxer engine, in which the pistons of each opposed pair of cylinders move inwards and outwards at the same time. Boxer engines are a type of flat engine; however, flat engines are not necessarily boxer engines. The other configuration is effectively a V engine with a 180-degree angle between the cylinder banks. Each pair of cylinders shares a single crankpin, so that as one piston moves inward, the other moves outward.

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: The advantages of flat engines are a short length, low centre of mass and suitability for air cooling.

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: Compared with the more common straight engines, flat engines have better primary balance (resulting in less vibration); however the disadvantages are increased width and the need to have two cylinder heads. Compared with V engines— the most common layout for engines with six cylinders or more— flat engines have a lower centre of mass (and a better primary balance than V6 engines), however they usually have a larger width.

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: An alternative configuration for flat engines is as a 180-degree V engine, which has been used on most twelve-cylinder flat engines. In this configuration, each pair of pistons shares a crankpin, rather than the boxer configuration where each piston has its own crankpin.

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: In 1902, the Pearse monoplane (which would later become one of the first aircraft to achieve flight) was powered by a flat-twin engine. Amongst the first commercially produced aircraft to use a flat engine is the 1909 Santos-Dumont Demoiselle range of airplanes, which was powered by boxer-twin engines.

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: Several boxer-four engines have been produced specifically for light aircraft. Several manufacturers produced boxer-six aircraft engines during the 1930s and 1940s.

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: During World War II, boxer-twin engines called the "Riedel starter" were used as a starter motor/mechanical APU for the early German jet engines such as the Junkers Jumo 004 and BMW 003. Designed by Norbert Riedel, these engines have a very oversquare stroke ratio of 2:1 so that they could fit within the intake diverter, directly forward of the turbine compressor.

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: Flat engines offer several advantages for motorcycles including a low center of mass, low vibration, suitability for shaft drive, and even cooling of the cylinders (for air-cooled engines). The most common design of flat engines for motorcycles is the boxer-twin, beginning with the 1905 Fée manufactured by the Light Motors Company flat-twin, which was the first production motorcycle to use a flat engine. BMW Motorrad have a long history of boxer-twin motorcycles, beginning in 1923 with the BMW R32

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: Several motorcycles have been produced with flat-four engines, such as the 1938-1939 Zündapp K800 and the 1974-1987 Honda Gold Wing. In 1987, the Honda Gold Wing engine was upsized to a flat-six design.

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: When used in cars, advantages of flat engines are a low center of mass (which improves the handling of the car), short length, low vibration and suitability for air cooling (due to the well exposed, large surface area, cylinder heads and short length). However the larger width of flat engines (compared with the more common inline and V layouts) is a drawback, particularly when the engine is located between the steered wheels.

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: Flat engines were used by various automobile manufacturers— mostly with a boxer-four design— up until the late 1990s. Since then, only Porsche and Subaru have remained as significant manufacturers of flat engines.

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: Due to the short length of flat engines, locating a flat engine outside of the car's wheelbase results in minimal overhang. Therefore, many cars with flat engines have used a rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout. Examples include the flat-twin BMW 600 (1957-1959) and BMW 700 (1959-1965); the flat-four Tatra 97 (1936-1939), Volkswagen Beetle (1938-2003) and Porsche 356 (1948-1965); and the flat-six Chevrolet Corvair (1959-1969), Porsche 911 (1963-present), and Tucker 48 (1947-1948).

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: The opposite layout, front-engine front-wheel drive, was also common for cars with flat engines. Examples include the Citroën 2CV (1948-1990), Panhard Dyna X (1948-1954), Lancia Flavia (1961-1970), Citroën GS (1970-1986), Alfa Romeo Alfasud (1971-1989) and Subaru Leone (1971-1994).

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: Subaru have been producing cars with a front-engine, four-wheel-drive layout powered by flat engines (mostly boxer-four engines) since 1971. Examples include the Subaru Leone (1971-1994), Subaru Legacy (1989-present) and Subaru Impreza (1992–present). The front half-shafts come out of a front differential that is part of the gearbox. A rear driveshaft connects the gearbox to the rear half-shafts.

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: The traditional front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout is relatively uncommon for cars with flat engines, however some examples include the Toyota 86 / Subaru BRZ (2012–present), Jowett Javelin (1947-1953), Glas Isar (1958-1965) and the Tatra 11 (1923-1927).

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: In 1938, the Volkswagen Beetle (then called the "KdF-Wagen") was released with a rear-mounted flat-four engine. This Volkswagen air-cooled engine was produced for many years and also used in the Volkswagen Type 2 (Transporter, Kombi or Microbus), the Volkswagen Karmann Ghia sports car and the Volkswagen Type 3 compact car. A water-cooled version, known as the Wasserboxer, was introduced in 1982 and eventually replaced the air-cooled versions.

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: The majority of sports cars throughout Porsche's history are powered by flat engines, beginning with its first car; the 1948-1965 Porsche 356 used an air-cooled boxer-four engine. Also using boxer-four engines were the 1969-1976 Porsche 914, the 1965-1969 Porsche 912 and the 2016-present Porsche Boxster/Cayman (982). The Porsche 911 has exclusively used boxer-six engines from its introduction in 1964 until the present. In 1997, the Porsche 911 switched from being air-cooled to water-cooled.

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: Porsche flat-eight engines were used in various racing cars throughout the 1960s, such as the 1962 Porsche 804 Formula One car and the 1968-1971 Porsche 908 sports car. A flat-twelve engine was also produced by Porsche for the 1969-1973 Porsche 917 sports car.

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: Chevrolet used a horizontally opposed air-cooled 6 cylinder engine in its Corvair line during its entire production run from 1960-1969 in various applications and power ratings, including one of the first uses of a turbocharger in a mass-produced automobile.

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: Ferrari used flat-twelve engines for various Formula One cars in the 1970s. A road car flat-twelve engine (using a 180-degree V12 configuration) was used for the 1973-1984 Ferrari Berlinetta Boxer, 1984-1996 Ferrari Testarossa and their derivatives.

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


Flat engine

Context: Toyota uses the designation "Toyota 4U-GSE" for the boxer-four engine in the Toyota-badged versions of the Toyota 86 / Subaru BRZ twins, although the engine is actually designed and built by Subaru as the Subaru FA20 engine.

Question: 水平対向6気筒を発明したのは誰ですか？


American urban history

Context: Overall urban history grew rapidly in the 1970s and 1980s, stimulated by the surge of interest in social history. Since the 1990s, however, the field has been aging and has had much less attraction to younger scholars.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: The cities were not remarkable by European standards, but they did display certain distinctly American characteristics, according to Bridenbaugh. There was no aristocracy or established church, there was no long tradition of powerful guilds. The colonial governments were much less powerful and intrusive and corresponding national governments in Europe. They experimented with new methods to raise revenue, build infrastructure and to solve urban problems.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: Numerous historians have explored the roles of working-class men, including slaves, in the economy of the colonial cities, and in the early Republic.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: There were few cities in the entire South, and Charleston (Charles Town) and New Orleans were the most important before the Civil War. The colony of South Carolina was settled mainly by planters from the overpopulated sugar island colony of Barbados, who brought large numbers of African slaves from that island. As Charleston grew as a port for the shipment of rice and later cotton, so did the community's cultural and social opportunities. The city had a large base of elite merchants and rich planters.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: The Charleston Library Society was established in 1748 by some wealthy Charlestonians who wished to keep up with the scientific and philosophical issues of the day. This group also helped establish the College of Charleston in 1770, the oldest college in South Carolina, the oldest municipal college in the United States, and the 13th oldest college in the United States.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: The older cities restored their economic basis. Growing cities included Salem, Massachusetts (which opened a new trade with China), New London, Connecticut, and especially Baltimore, Maryland. The Washington administration under the leadership of Secretary of the treasury Alexander Hamilton set up a national bank in 1791, and local banks began to flourish in all the cities. Merchant entrepreneurship flourished and was a powerful engine of prosperity in the cities.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: Merchants and financiers of the cities were especially sensitive to the weakness of the old Confederation system. When it came time to ratify the much stronger new Constitution in 1788, all the nation's cities, North and South, voted in favor, while the rural districts were divided.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: The national capital was at Philadelphia until 1800, when it was moved to Washington. Apart from the murderous Yellow Fever epidemic of 1793, which killed about 10 percent of the population, Philadelphia had a marvelous reputation as the "cleanest, best-governed, healthiest, and most elegant of American cities." Washington, built in a fever-ridden swamp with long hot miserable summers, was ranked far behind Philadelphia, although it did escape yellow fever.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: The newly opened regions had few roads, but a very good river system in which everything flowed downstream to New Orleans. With the coming of the steamboat after 1820, it became possible to move merchandise imported from the Northeast and from Europe upstream to new settlements. The opening of the Erie Canal made Buffalo the jumping off point for the lake transportation system that made important cities out of Cleveland, Detroit, and especially Chicago.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: The cities played a major part in the Civil War, providing soldiers, money, training camps, supplies, and media support for the Union war effort.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: A study of the small Michigan cities of Grand Rapids and Niles shows an overwhelming surge of nationalism in 1861, whipping up enthusiasm for the war in all segments of society, and all political, religious, ethnic, and occupational groups. However, by 1862 the casualties were mounting and the war was increasingly focused on freeing the slaves in addition to preserving the Union. Copperhead Democrats called the war a failure and it became more and more a partisan Republican effort.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: In 1890, a third of Chicago's 2000 miles of streets were paved, chiefly with wooden blocks, which gave better traction than mud. Brick surfacing was a good compromise, but even better was asphalt paving. With London and Paris as models, Washington laid 400,000 square yards of asphalt paving by 1882, and served as a model for Buffalo, Philadelphia and elsewhere. By the end of the century, American cities boasted 30 million square yards of asphalt paving, followed by brick construction.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: In the largest cities, street railways were elevated, which increased their speed and lessened their dangers. Street-level trolleys moved passengers at 12 miles per hour for 5 cents a ride (with free transfers), They became the main transportation service for middle class shoppers and office workers until they bought automobiles after 1945 and commuted from more distant suburbs in privacy and comfort.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: After 1860, railroads pushed westward into unsettled territory. They built service towns to handle the needs of railroad construction and repair crews, train crews, and passengers who ate meals at scheduled stops. Gunfights and disorder characterized the railhead towns that were the target of major cattle drives from Texas. The violence was often exaggerated in dime novels.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: In most of the South, there were very few cities of any size for miles around, and this held for Texas as well. Railroads arrived in the 1880s and they shipped the cattle out; cattle drives became short-distance affairs. However the passenger trains were often the targets of armed gangs.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: By 1890, Denver had grown to be the 26th largest city in America, and the fifth-largest city west of the Mississippi River. The boom times attracted millionaires and their mansions, as well as hustlers, poverty and crime. Denver gained regional notoriety with its range of bawdy houses, from the sumptuous quarters of renowned madams to the squalid "cribs" located a few blocks away.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: Business was good; visitors spent lavishly, then left town. As long as madams conducted their business discreetly, and "crib girls" did not advertise their availability too crudely, authorities took their bribes and looked the other way. Occasional cleanups and crack downs satisfied the demands for reform.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: Jeffersonian America distrusted the city, and rural spokesmen repeatedly warned their young men away. In 1881 "The Evening Wisconsin" newspaper warned cautious boys to stay on the farm. As paraphrased by historian Bayrd Still, the editor painted a grim contrast:

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: The response came from a Milwaukee newspaper editor in 1871, who boasted that the ambitious young man could not be stopped:

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: The young man in the country no sooner elects for himself his course, than he makes for the nearest town. Scarcely has he grown familiar with his new surroundings, when the subtle attractions of the remoter city begin to tell upon him. There is no resisting it. It draws him like a magnet. Sooner or later, it is tolerably certain, he will be sucked into one of the great centers of life.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: Historians have developed an elaborate typology of reformers in the late 19th century, focusing especially on the urban reformers.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: During the Progressive Era a coalition of middle-class reform-oriented voters, academic experts and reformers hostile to the political machines introduced a series of reforms in urban America, designed to reduce waste and inefficiency and corruption, by introducing scientific methods, compulsory education and administrative innovations.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: The pace was set in Detroit Michigan, where Republican mayor Hazen S. Pingree first put together the reform coalition.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: One of the most dramatic changes came in Galveston, Texas, where a devastating hurricane and flood overwhelmed the resources of local government. Reformers abolished political parties in municipal elections, and set up a five-man commission of experts to rebuild the city. The Galveston idea was simple, efficient, and much less conducive to corruption. If lessened the Democratic influences of the average voter, but multiplied the influence of the reform minded middle-class.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: The Galveston plan was quickly copied by many other cities, especially in the West. By 1914 over 400 cities had nonpartisan elected commissions. Dayton, Ohio Had its great flood in 1913, and responded with the innovation of a paid, non-political city manager, hired by the commissioners to run the bureaucracy; mechanical engineers were especially preferred.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: One visible effect of the depression was the advent of Hoovervilles, which were ramshackle assemblages on vacant lots of cardboard boxes, tents, and small rickety wooden sheds built by homeless people. Residents lived in shacks and begged for food or went to soup kitchens. The term was coined by Charles Michelson, publicity chief of the Democratic National Committee, who referred sardonically to President Herbert Hoover whose policies he blamed for the depression.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: The federal programs launched by Hoover and greatly expanded by president Roosevelt's New Deal used massive construction projects to try to jump start the economy and solve the unemployment crisis. The alphabet agencies ERA, CCC, FERA, WPA and PWA built and repaired the public infrastructure in dramatic fashion, but did little to foster the recovery of the private sector. FERA, CCC and especially WPA focused on providing unskilled jobs for long-term unemployed men.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: Economic historians led by Price Fishback have examined the impact of New Deal spending on improving health conditions in the 114 largest cities, 1929–1937. They estimated that every additional $153,000 in relief spending (in 1935 dollars, or $1.95 million in year 2000 dollars) was associated with a reduction of one infant death, one suicide, and 2.4 deaths from infectious disease.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: There are exceptions in the Southern and Western states though to this trend of cities having a large influx of new residents with places like Los Angeles, Memphis, Albuquerque, and Birmingham experiencing a slow growth in population, especially compared to other nearby areas. Some areas in the South and West have even seen population loss including Montgomery, Jackson, and parts of the San Francisco Bay Area like Marin County.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


American urban history

Context: New commuter rail systems have been built in a bunch of cities too like Orlando's Sunrail or Seattle's Sounder Commuter Rail. Overall though, public transportation has been an important issue for 21st century American cities, and as a result there has been a large amount of focus on building or expanding various public transportation systems within urban areas.

Question: アメリカ合衆国で一番早く開拓が行われたのはどの都市ですか？


Mount Taranaki

Context: Mount Taranaki or Taranaki Maunga, also known as Mount Egmont, is a dormant stratovolcano in the Taranaki region on the west coast of New Zealand's North Island. It is the second highest point in the North Island, after Mount Ruapehu. The mountain has a secondary cone, Fanthams Peak (), , on its south side.

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: Captain Cook named it Mount Egmont on 11 January 1770 after John Perceval, 2nd Earl of Egmont, a former First Lord of the Admiralty who had supported the concept of an oceanic search for "Terra Australis Incognita". Cook described it as "of a prodigious height and its top cover'd with everlasting snow," surrounded by a "flat country ... which afforded a very good aspect, being clothed with wood and verdure".

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: When the French explorer Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne saw the mountain on 25 March 1772 he named it "Pic Mascarin". He was unaware of Cook's earlier visit.

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: It appeared as Mount Egmont on maps until 29 May 1986, when the name officially became "Mount Taranaki or Mount Egmont" following a decision by the Minister of Lands. The Egmont name still applies to the national park that surrounds the peak and geologists still refer to the peak as the Egmont Volcano.

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: As part of the treaty settlement with Ngā Iwi o Taranaki the mountain will be officially named "Taranaki Maunga". As of 18 July 2021, the settlement has not yet been completed.

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: Taranaki is unusual in that it has experienced at least five of its major eruptions by the method of cone collapse. Few volcanoes have undergone more than one cone collapse. The vast volume of material involved in these collapses is reflected in the extensive ring plain surrounding the volcano. There is also evidence of lahars being a common result of eruption.

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: Much of the region is at risk from lahars, which have reached as far as the coast. A volcanic event is not necessary for a lahar: even earthquakes combined with heavy rain or snow could dislodge vast quantities of unstable layers resting on steep slopes. Many farmers live in the paths of such possible destructive events.

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: Although volcanic eruptions are notoriously chaotic in their frequency, some scientists warn that a large eruption is "overdue". Research from Massey University indicates that significant seismic activity is likely again in the next 50 years. Prevailing winds would probably blow ash east, covering much of the North Island, and disrupting air routes, power transmission lines and local water supplies.

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: The oldest volcanic remnants consist of a series of lava plugs: Paritutu Rock (156 metres), which forms part of New Plymouth's harbour, and the Sugar Loaf Islands close offshore. These have been dated at 1.75 million years.

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: On the coast, 15 kilometres southwest of New Plymouth is the Kaitake Range (682 metres), last active approximately 500,000 years ago.

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: Nearest to Taranaki is the Pouakai Range. Pouakai may have originated around the same time as Kaitake but remained active until about 240,000 years ago. Much of Pouakai's large ring plain was obliterated by the Egmont Volcano, the hills near Eltham being the only remnant to the south.

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: Because of its resemblance to Mount Fuji, Taranaki provided the backdrop for the 2003 film "The Last Samurai".

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: In 2017, a record of understanding was signed between Taranaki iwi and the New Zealand government that will see the mountain become a legal personality. It is the third geographic feature in the country to be granted a legal personality, after Te Urewera and Whanganui River.

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: On 2 December 2019, an agreement between the crown and Ngā Iwi o Taranaki was announced that the mountain was to only be referred to as Taranaki Maunga. The national park will be renamed from Egmont National Park to Te Papakura o Taranaki. The name change has not yet been ratified by the New Zealand Geographic Board.

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: The Stratford Mountain Club operates the Manganui skifield on the eastern slope. Equipment access to the skifield is by flying fox across the Manganui Gorge.

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: The Taranaki Alpine Club maintains Tahurangi Lodge on the north slope of the mountain, next to the television tower. The lodge is frequently used as the base for public climbs to the summit held in the summer months. The various climbing and tramping clubs organize these public events and provide informal guides.

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: Syme Hut is located near Fanthams Peak. It is maintained by the Department of Conservation and is available to trampers on a first come first served basis.

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: There are three roads leading part-way up the mountain. The highest is to East Egmont plateau, with a viewing platform and parking facilities for the skifield. It lies at the transition between subalpine scrub and alpine herbfields.

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: There is no road access on the western side. However, a road winds for 10 km through native bush over the saddle between Pouakai and Kaitake. Near the top of this road is the renowned Pukeiti Trust rhododendron garden.

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


Mount Taranaki

Context: The Mount Egmont transmitter is the main television and FM radio transmitter for the Taranaki region. It is located on the north-eastern slope of the mountain adjacent to Tahurangi Lodge. The first transmitter at the site was commissioned by the New Zealand Broadcasting Corporation (NZBC) in 1966 to relay Wellington's WNTV1 channel (now part of TVNZ 1).

Question: キナの発祥はどこ


USS Hornet (CV-8)

Context: "Hornet" had a length of at the waterline and overall. She had a beam of at the waterline, overall, with a draft of as designed and at full load. She displaced at standard load and at full load. She was designed for a ship's crew consisting of 86 officers and 1280 men and an air complement consisting of 141 officers and 710 men.

Question: 航空母艦 ホーネットが初めて用いられた戦闘は何？


USS Hornet (CV-8)

Context: She was powered by nine Babcock & Wilcox boilers providing steam at and to four Parsons Marine geared steam turbines each driving its own propeller. The turbines were designed to produce a total of , giving her a range of at a speed of . She was designed to carry of fuel oil and of Avgas. Her designed speed was . During sea trials, she produced and reached .

Question: 航空母艦 ホーネットが初めて用いられた戦闘は何？


USS Hornet (CV-8)

Context: "Hornet" had an armor belt that was thick on a backing of special treatment steel (STS). The flight and hangar decks were unarmored though the protective deck was STS. Bulkheads had armor, while the conning tower had splinter protection only, in contrast with her sister's armor on the sides with on top. The steering gear had protection on the sides with splinter protection on the deck.

Question: 航空母艦 ホーネットが初めて用いられた戦闘は何？


USS Hornet (CV-8)

Context: Her flight deck was and her hangar deck was and high. She had three aircraft elevators each with a lifting capacity of . She had two flight-deck and one hangar-deck hydraulic catapults equipped with the Mark IV Mod 3A arresting gear with a capability of and . She was designed to host a Carrier Air Group of 18 fighters, 18 bombers, 37 scout planes, 18 torpedo bombers, and six utility aircraft.

Question: 航空母艦 ホーネットが初めて用いられた戦闘は何？


USS Hornet (CV-8)

Context: "Hornet" was laid down on 25 September 1939 by Newport News Shipbuilding of Newport News, Virginia, and was launched on 14 December 1940, sponsored by Annie Reid Knox, wife of Secretary of the Navy Frank M. Knox. She was commissioned at Naval Station Norfolk on 20 October 1941, with Captain Marc A. Mitscher in command.

Question: 航空母艦 ホーネットが初めて用いられた戦闘は何？


USS Hornet (CV-8)

Context: Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, "Hornet" trained out of Norfolk. A hint of a future mission occurred on 2 February 1942 when "Hornet" departed Norfolk with two Army Air Forces B-25 Mitchell medium bombers on deck. Once at sea, the planes were launched to the surprise and amazement of "Hornet"s crew. Her men were unaware of the meaning of this experiment. "Hornet" returned to Norfolk, prepared to leave for combat, and sailed for the West Coast on 4 March via the Panama Canal.

Question: 航空母艦 ホーネットが初めて用いられた戦闘は何？


USS Hornet (CV-8)

Context: "Hornet" arrived at Naval Air Station Alameda, California, on 20 March 1942 with her own planes on the hangar deck. By midafternoon on 1 April, she loaded 16 B-25s on the flight deck, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel James H. Doolittle, 70 United States Army Air Corps officers and 64 enlisted men reported aboard. In company of her escort, "Hornet" departed Alameda on 2 April under sealed orders. That afternoon, Captain Mitscher informed his men of their mission: a bombing raid on Japan.

Question: 航空母艦 ホーネットが初めて用いられた戦闘は何？


USS Hornet (CV-8)

Context: "Hornet" steamed from Pearl Harbor to aid and on 30 April at the Battle of the Coral Sea, though the battle ended before she arrived. On 4 May, Task Force 16 crossed the equator; the first time ever for "Hornet". "Hornet," alongside "Enterprise", executed a feint towards Nauru and Banaba (Ocean) islands, which caused the Japanese to cancel their operation to seize the two islands. She returned to Hawaii on 26 May, and sailed again two days later to help repulse an expected Japanese assault on Midway.

Question: 航空母艦 ホーネットが初めて用いられた戦闘は何？


USS Hornet (CV-8)

Context: On 16 June 1942, Captain Charles P. Mason became commanding officer of "Hornet" upon her return to Pearl Harbor. "Hornet" spent the next six weeks replenishing her stores, having minor repairs performed, and most importantly, having additional light antiaircraft guns and the new RCA CXAM air-search radar fitted. She did not sail in late July with the forces sent to recapture Guadalcanal, but instead remained at Pearl Harbor in case she was needed elsewhere.

Question: 航空母艦 ホーネットが初めて用いられた戦闘は何？


USS Hornet (CV-8)

Context: American warships attempted to scuttle the stricken carrier, which absorbed nine torpedoes, many of which failed to explode, and more than 400 rounds from the destroyers and . The destroyers steamed away when a Japanese surface force entered the area. The Japanese destroyers and finally finished off "Hornet" with 4 Long Lance torpedoes. At 01:35 on 27 October, "Hornet" finally sank with the loss of 140 of her 2,200 sailors. 21 aircraft went down with the ship.

Question: 航空母艦 ホーネットが初めて用いられた戦闘は何？


USS Hornet (CV-8)

Context: "Hornet" was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 13 January 1943. Her name was revived less than a year later when the newly constructed "Kearsarge" was commissioned as . CV-8 is honored aboard her namesake, which is now the USS "Hornet" Museum docked in Alameda, California.

Question: 航空母艦 ホーネットが初めて用いられた戦闘は何？


USS Hornet (CV-8)

Context: "Hornet" was the last American fleet carrier (CV) ever sunk by enemy fire, though the light carrier "Princeton" and a number of much smaller escort carriers were sunk in combat in other battles following "Hornet's" sinking.

Question: 航空母艦 ホーネットが初めて用いられた戦闘は何？


USS Hornet (CV-8)

Context: In addition, Torpedo Squadron 8 flying from "Hornet" was awarded the Presidential Unit Citation. "for extraordinary heroism and distinguished service beyond the call of duty" during the Battle of Midway.

Question: 航空母艦 ホーネットが初めて用いられた戦闘は何？


Autofocus

Context: An autofocus (or AF) optical system uses a sensor, a control system and a motor to focus on an automatically or manually selected point or area. An electronic rangefinder has a display instead of the motor; the adjustment of the optical system has to be done manually until indication. Autofocus methods are distinguished as active, passive or hybrid types.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: Autofocus systems rely on one or more sensors to determine correct focus. Some AF systems rely on a single sensor, while others use an array of sensors. Most modern SLR cameras use through-the-lens optical sensors, with a separate sensor array providing light metering, although the latter can be programmed to prioritize its metering to the same area as one or more of the AF sensors.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: Through-the-lens optical autofocusing is usually speedier and more precise than manual focus with an ordinary viewfinder, although more precise manual focus can be achieved with special accessories such as focusing magnifiers. Autofocus accuracy within 1/3 of the depth of field (DOF) at the widest aperture of the lens is common in professional AF SLR cameras.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: Most multi-sensor AF cameras allow manual selection of the active sensor, and many offer automatic selection of the sensor using algorithms which attempt to discern the location of the subject. Some AF cameras are able to detect whether the subject is moving towards or away from the camera, including speed and acceleration, and keep focus — a function used mainly in sports and other action photography. Canon cameras call this AI servo; Nikon cameras call it "continuous focus".

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: The data collected from AF sensors is used to control an electromechanical system that adjusts the focus of the optical system. A variation of autofocus is an "electronic rangefinder", in which focus data are provided to the operator, but adjustment of the optical system is still performed manually.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: The first mass-produced autofocus camera was the Konica C35 AF, a simple point and shoot model released in 1977. The Polaroid SX-70 Sonar OneStep was the first autofocus single-lens reflex camera, released in 1978.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: The Pentax ME-F, which used focus sensors in the camera body coupled with a motorized lens, became the first autofocus 35 mm SLR in 1981.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: In 1983 Nikon released the F3AF, their first autofocus camera, which was based on a similar concept to the ME-F.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: The Minolta 7000, released in 1985, was the first SLR with an integrated autofocus system, meaning both the AF sensors and the drive motor were housed in the camera body, as well as an integrated film advance winder — which was to become the standard configuration for SLR cameras from this manufacturer, and also Nikon abandoned their F3AF system and integrated the autofocus-motor and sensors in the body.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: Canon decided to discontinue their FD mount and switched to the completely electronic EF mount with motorised lenses in 1987.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: Pentax was the first to introduce focusing distance measurement for SLR cameras with the FA and FA* series lenses from 1991. Their first KAF-mount Pentax lenses with AF had been introduced in 1989.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: In 1992, Nikon changed back to lens integrated motors with their AF-I and AF-S range of lenses; today their entry-level DSLRs do not have a focus motor in the body due to the availability of motors in all new developed AF-Lenses.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: Active AF systems measure distance to the subject independently of the optical system, and subsequently adjust the optical system for correct focus.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: An exception to the two-step approach is the mechanical autofocus provided in some enlargers, which adjust the lens directly.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: Passive AF systems determine correct focus by performing passive analysis of the image that is entering the optical system. They generally do not direct any energy, such as ultrasonic sound or infrared light waves, toward the subject. (However, an autofocus assist beam of usually infrared light is required when there is not enough light to take passive measurements.) Passive autofocusing can be achieved by phase detection or contrast measurement.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: Although AF sensors are typically one-dimensional photosensitive strips (only a few pixels high and a few dozen wide), some modern cameras (Canon EOS-1V, Canon EOS-1D, Nikon D2X) feature TTL area SIR sensors that are rectangular in shape and provide two-dimensional intensity patterns for a finer-grain analysis. Cross-type focus points have a pair of sensors oriented at 90° to one another, although one sensor typically requires a larger aperture to operate than the other.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: Some cameras (Minolta 7, Canon EOS-1V, 1D, 30D/40D, Pentax K-1, Sony DSLR-A700, DSLR-A850, DSLR-A900) also have a few "high-precision" focus points with an additional set of prisms and sensors; they are only active with "fast lenses" with certain geometrical apertures (typically f-number 2.8 and faster). Extended precision comes from the wider effective measurement base of the "range finder".

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: Contrast detection places different constraints on lens design when compared with phase detection. While phase detection requires the lens to move its focus point quickly and directly to a new position, contrast-detection autofocus instead employs lenses that can quickly sweep through the focal range, stopping precisely at the point where maximal contrast is detected. This means that lenses designed for phase detection often perform poorly on camera bodies that use contrast detection.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: The assist light (also known as AF illuminator) "activates" passive autofocus systems in low-light and low-contrast situations in some cameras. The lamp projects visible or IR light onto the subject, which the camera's autofocus system uses to achieve focus.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: Similar stroboscopic flashing is sometimes used to reduce the red-eye effect, but this is only intended to constrict the subject's eye pupils before the shot.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: Some external flash guns have integrated autofocus assist lamps that replace the stroboscopic on-camera flash. Many of them are red and less obtrusive. Another way to assist contrast based AF systems in low light is to beam a laser pattern on to the subject. The laser method is commercially called Hologram AF Laser and was used in Sony CyberShot cameras around the year 2003, including Sony's F707, F717 and F828 models.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: The double effort is typically used to mutually compensate for the intrinsical weaknesses of the various methods in order to increase the overall reliability and accuracy or to speed up AF function.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: A very common example of combined usage is the phase-detection auto-focus system used in single-lens reflex cameras since the 1985s. The passive phase-detection auto-focus needs some contrast to work with, making it difficult to use in low-light scenarios or on even surfaces. An AF illuminator will illuminate the scene and project contrast patterns onto even surfaces, so that phase-detection auto-focus can work under these conditions as well.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: Recent developments towards mirrorless cameras seek to integrate the phase-detection AF sensors into the image sensor itself. Typically, these phase-detection sensors are not as accurate as the more sophisticated stand-alone sensors, but since the fine focusing is now carried out through contrast focusing, the phase-detection AF sensors are only need to provide coarse directional information in order to speed up the contrast auto-focusing process.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: In July, 2010, Fujifilm announced a compact camera, the F300EXR, which included a hybrid autofocus system consisting of both phase-detection and contrast-based elements. The sensors implementing the phase-detection AF in this camera are integrated into the camera's Super CCD EXR. Currently it is used by Fujifilm FinePix Series, Fujifilm X100S, Ricoh, Nikon 1 series, Canon EOS 650D/Rebel T4i and Samsung NX300.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: Active systems will typically not focus through windows, since sound waves and infrared light are reflected by the glass. With passive systems this will generally not be a problem, unless the window is stained. Accuracy of active autofocus systems is often considerably less than that of passive systems.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: Active systems may also fail to focus a subject that is very close to the camera (e.g., macro photography).

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: Modern autofocus is done through one of two mechanisms; either a motor in the camera body and gears in the lens ("screw drive") or through electronic transmission of the drive instruction through contacts in the mount plate to a motor in the lens. Lens-based motors can be of a number of different types, but are often ultrasonic motors or stepper motors.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Autofocus

Context: Some camera bodies, including all Canon EOS bodies and the more budget-oriented among Nikon's DX models, do not include an autofocus motor and therefore cannot autofocus with lenses that lack an inbuilt motor. Some lenses, such as Pentax' DA* designated models, although normally using an inbuilt motor, can fall back to screwdrive operation when the camera body does not support the necessary contact pins.

Question: オートフォーカスレンズが誕生したのはいつ


Convoys in World War I

Context: As historian Paul E. Fontenoy put it, "[t]he convoy system defeated the German submarine campaign." From June 1917 on, the Germans were unable to meet their set objective of sinking of enemy shipping per month. In 1918, they were rarely able to sink more than . Between May 1917 and the end of the war on 11 November 1918, only 154 of 16,539 vessels convoyed across the Atlantic had been sunk, of which 16 were lost through the natural perils of sea travel and a further 36 because they were stragglers.

Question: ドイツではいつまで護送船団が存在した？


Convoys in World War I

Context: The success of the convoys forced the German U-boats in the Atlantic to divert their attention from inbound shipping to outbound. In response, the first outbound convoy left for Hampton Roads on 11 August 1917. It was followed by matching outbound convoys for each regular route. These were escorted by destroyers as they left Britain and were taken over by the typical cruiser flotillas as they entered the open ocean.

Question: ドイツではいつまで護送船団が存在した？


Convoys in World War I

Context: With the advent of coastal convoys, escort composition and technique fell into the hands of the district commanders-in-chief.

Question: ドイツではいつまで護送船団が存在した？


I vespri siciliani

Context: I vespri siciliani (; "The Sicilian Vespers") is a five-act Italian opera originally written in French for the Paris Opéra by the Italian romantic composer Giuseppe Verdi and translated into Italian shortly after its premiere in June 1855.

Question: 『シチリアの晩鐘』が初めて演じられた場所はどこ


I vespri siciliani

Context: Under its original title, "Les vêpres siciliennes", the libretto was prepared by Eugène Scribe and Charles Duveyrier from their work "Le duc d'Albe", which was written in 1838 and offered to Halévy and Donizetti before Verdi agreed to set it to music in 1854.

Question: 『シチリアの晩鐘』が初めて演じられた場所はどこ


I vespri siciliani

Context: The story is loosely based on a historical event, the Sicilian Vespers of 1282, using material drawn from the medieval Sicilian tract "Lu rebellamentu di Sichilia".

Question: 『シチリアの晩鐘』が初めて演じられた場所はどこ


I vespri siciliani

Context: While it was not Verdi's first grand opera for Paris (the first being his adaptation of "I Lombardi" in 1847 under the new title of "Jerusalem"), the libretto which Verdi was using had been written about 20 years before at the height of the French grand opera tradition, which "meant that Verdi was writing his first (original) opéra at a point at which the genre was in a state of flux".

Question: 『シチリアの晩鐘』が初めて演じられた場所はどこ


I vespri siciliani

Context: Overall, Verdi was not happy with the translation, which Budden regards as "one of the worst ever perpetrated." However, some improvements were made when the opera reverted to its translated Italian title after 1861.

Question: 『シチリアの晩鐘』が初めて演じられた場所はどこ


I vespri siciliani

Context: After 1861, in the new post-unification era, it reverted to its translated Italian title, "I vespri siciliani", and it is under that title and in that version that the opera has been most commonly performed until recently.

Question: 『シチリアの晩鐘』が初めて演じられた場所はどこ


I vespri siciliani

Context: From 1856 forward, until the twenty-first century, it was almost always performed in the Italian version. The UK premiere took place on 27 July 1859 at the Drury Lane Theatre in London while on 7 November of that year, it appeared at the Academy of Music in New York. The Metropolitan Opera in New York has staged this version 114 times since 1893, the most recent being 2004.

Question: 『シチリアの晩鐘』が初めて演じられた場所はどこ


I vespri siciliani

Context: Companies which plan to present or have presented all of Verdi's works include the Sarasota Opera, ABAO in Bilbao Spain (December 2001), and the "Festival Verdi" in Parma (2010), have staged this opera.

Question: 『シチリアの晩鐘』が初めて演じられた場所はどこ


I vespri siciliani

Context: The opera receives regular performance today, both in the original French version and the Italian translation.

Question: 『シチリアの晩鐘』が初めて演じられた場所はどこ


I vespri siciliani

Context: Tebaldo, Roberto, and other French soldiers have gathered in front of the Governor's palace. As they offer a toast to their homeland, they are observed by the local Sicilians, unhappy with the occupation.

Question: 『シチリアの晩鐘』が初めて演じられた場所はどこ


I vespri siciliani

Context: Montforte reads a paper from the woman whom he abducted, which reveals that Arrigo is his son: "Si, m'abboriva ed a ragion!" / "Yes, she despised me, and rightly!". Bethune tells him that Arrigo has been brought by force, but Montforte exults in the fact that his son is close by: "In braccio alle dovizie" / "Given over to riches, surrounded by honors, an immense, horrid void...".

Question: 『シチリアの晩鐘』が初めて演じられた場所はどこ


I vespri siciliani

Context: The two men confront one another and Arrigo is somewhat puzzled by the way he is being treated. Finally, Montforte reveals the letter written by Arrigo's mother. Taken aback but still defiant, Arrigo insults his father who reacts in anger as the younger man rushes out: "Parole fatale, Insulto mortale" / "Fatal word!, Mortal insult! The joy has vanished...".

Question: 『シチリアの晩鐘』が初めて演じられた場所はどこ


Electric power industry

Context: By the middle of the 20th century, electricity was seen as a "natural monopoly", only efficient if a restricted number of organizations participated in the market; in some areas, vertically-integrated companies provide all stages from generation to retail, and only governmental supervision regulated the rate of return and cost structure.

Question: 世界で初めて発電がおこなわれたのはいつ


Electric power industry

Context: Since the 1990s, many regions have broken up the generation and distribution of electric power. While such markets can be abusively manipulated with consequent adverse price and reliability impact to consumers, generally competitive production of electrical energy leads to worthwhile improvements in efficiency. However, transmission and distribution are harder problems since returns on investment are not as easy to find.

Question: 世界で初めて発電がおこなわれたのはいつ


Electric power industry

Context: Robert Hammond, in December 1881, demonstrated the new electric light in the Sussex town of Brighton in the UK for a trial period. The ensuing success of this installation enabled Hammond to put this venture on both a commercial and legal footing, as a number of shop owners wanted to use the new electric light. Thus the Hammond Electricity Supply Co. was launched.

Question: 世界で初めて発電がおこなわれたのはいつ


Electric power industry

Context: The AC power system used today developed rapidly, backed by industrialists such as George Westinghouse with Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky, Galileo Ferraris, Sebastian Ziani de Ferranti, Lucien Gaulard, John Dixon Gibbs, Carl Wilhelm Siemens, William Stanley Jr., Nikola Tesla, and others contributed to this field.

Question: 世界で初めて発電がおこなわれたのはいつ


Electric power industry

Context: While HVDC is increasingly being used to transmit large quantities of electricity over long distances or to connect adjacent asynchronous power systems, the bulk of electricity generation, transmission, distribution and retailing takes place using alternating current.

Question: 世界で初めて発電がおこなわれたのはいつ


Electric power industry

Context: The nature and state of market reform of the electricity market often determines whether electric companies are able to be involved in just some of these processes without having to own the entire infrastructure, or citizens choose which components of infrastructure to patronise. In countries where electricity provision is deregulated, end-users of electricity may opt for more costly green electricity.

Question: 世界で初めて発電がおこなわれたのはいつ


Electric power industry

Context: A wide area synchronous grid, also known as an "interconnection" in North America, directly connects many generators delivering AC power with the same relative "frequency" numerous consumers. For example, there are four major interconnections in North America (the Western Interconnection, the Eastern Interconnection, the Quebec Interconnection and the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) grid). In Europe one large grid connects most of continental Europe.

Question: 世界で初めて発電がおこなわれたのはいつ


Electric power industry

Context: Historically, transmission and distribution lines were owned by the same company, but starting in the 1990s, many countries have liberalized the regulation of the electricity market in ways that have led to the separation of the electricity transmission business from the distribution business.

Question: 世界で初めて発電がおこなわれたのはいつ


Electric power industry

Context: Not everyone has access to grid electricity. About 840 million people (mostly in Africa) had no access in 2017, down from 1.2 billion in 2010.

Question: 世界で初めて発電がおこなわれたのはいつ


Electric power industry

Context: The business model behind the electric utility has changed over the years playing a vital role in shaping the electricity industry into what it is today; from generation, transmission, distribution, to the final local retailing. This has occurred prominently since the reform of the electricity supply industry in England and Wales in 1990.

Question: 世界で初めて発電がおこなわれたのはいつ


Electric power industry

Context: In 1996 - 1999 the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) made a series of decisions which were intended to open the U.S. wholesale power market to new players, with the hope that spurring competition would save consumers $4 to $5 billion per year and encourage technical innovation in the industry. Steps were taken to give all market participants open access to existing interstate transmission lines.

Question: 世界で初めて発電がおこなわれたのはいつ


Electric power industry

Context: Electricity is expected to see growing demand in the future. The Information Revolution is highly reliant on electric power. Other growth areas include emerging new electricity-exclusive technologies, developments in space conditioning, industrial processes, and transportation (for example hybrid vehicles, locomotives).

Question: 世界で初めて発電がおこなわれたのはいつ


Sociobiology

Context: Sociobiology is a field of biology that aims to examine and explain social behavior in terms of evolution. It draws from disciplines including psychology, ethology, anthropology, evolution, zoology, archaeology, and population genetics. Within the study of human societies, sociobiology is closely allied to evolutionary anthropology, human behavioral ecology, evolutionary psychology, and sociology.

Question: 社会生物学の先駆者は誰？


Sociobiology

Context: Sociobiology investigates social behaviors such as mating patterns, territorial fights, pack hunting, and the hive society of social insects. It argues that just as selection pressure led to animals evolving useful ways of interacting with the natural environment, so also it led to the genetic evolution of advantageous social behavior.

Question: 社会生物学の先駆者は誰？


Sociobiology

Context: E. O. Wilson defined sociobiology as "the extension of population biology and evolutionary theory to social organization".

Question: 社会生物学の先駆者は誰？


Sociobiology

Context: Sociobiology is based on the premise that some behaviors (social and individual) are at least partly inherited and can be affected by natural selection. It begins with the idea that behaviors have evolved over time, similar to the way that physical traits are thought to have evolved. It predicts that animals will act in ways that have proven to be evolutionarily successful over time. This can, among other things, result in the formation of complex social processes conducive to evolutionary fitness.

Question: 社会生物学の先駆者は誰？


Sociobiology

Context: The discipline seeks to explain behavior as a product of natural selection. Behavior is therefore seen as an effort to preserve one's genes in the population. Inherent in sociobiological reasoning is the idea that certain genes or gene combinations that influence particular behavioral traits can be inherited from generation to generation.

Question: 社会生物学の先駆者は誰？


Sociobiology

Context: The philosopher of biology Daniel Dennett suggested that the political philosopher Thomas Hobbes was the first sociobiologist, arguing that in his 1651 book "Leviathan" Hobbes had explained the origins of morals in human society from an amoral sociobiological perspective.

Question: 社会生物学の先駆者は誰？


Sociobiology

Context: Sociobiologists maintain that human behavior, as well as nonhuman animal behavior, can be partly explained as the outcome of natural selection. They contend that in order to fully understand behavior, it must be analyzed in terms of evolutionary considerations.

Question: 社会生物学の先駆者は誰？


Sociobiology

Context: Sociobiology uses Nikolaas Tinbergen's four categories of questions and explanations of animal behavior. Two categories are at the species level; two, at the individual level. The species-level categories (often called "ultimate explanations") are

Question: 社会生物学の先駆者は誰？


Sociobiology

Context: Within sociobiology, a social behavior is first explained as a sociobiological hypothesis by finding an evolutionarily stable strategy that matches the observed behavior. Stability of a strategy can be difficult to prove, but usually, it will predict gene frequencies. The hypothesis can be supported by establishing a correlation between the gene frequencies predicted by the strategy, and those expressed in a population.

Question: 社会生物学の先駆者は誰？


Sociobiology

Context: An important concept in sociobiology is that temperament traits exist in an ecological balance. Just as an expansion of a sheep population might encourage the expansion of a wolf population, an expansion of altruistic traits within a gene pool may also encourage increasing numbers of individuals with dependent traits.

Question: 社会生物学の先駆者は誰？


Sociobiology

Context: Studies of human behavior genetics have generally found behavioral traits such as creativity, extroversion, aggressiveness, and IQ have high heritability. The researchers who carry out those studies are careful to point out that heritability does not constrain the influence that environmental or cultural factors may have on those traits.

Question: 社会生物学の先駆者は誰？


Sociobiology

Context: A genetic basis for instinctive behavioural traits among non-human species, such as in the above example, is commonly accepted among many biologists; however, attempting to use a genetic basis to explain complex behaviours in human societies has remained extremely controversial.

Question: 社会生物学の先駆者は誰？


Joseph Stalin

Context: Stalin was born in the Georgian town of Gori, then part of the Tiflis Governorate of the Russian Empire and home to a mix of Georgian, Azerbaijanian, Armenian, Russian, and Jewish communities. He was born on and baptised on 29 December. His birth name was Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili, and he was nicknamed "Soso", a diminutive of "Ioseb". His parents were Besarion Jughashvili and Ekaterine Geladze. He was their only child to survive past infancy.

Question: スターリンはどのように亡くなりましたか？


Joseph Stalin

Context: In May 1912, he was arrested again and imprisoned in the Shpalerhy Prison, before being sentenced to three years exile in Siberia. In July, he arrived at the Siberian village of Narym, where he shared a room with a fellow Bolshevik Yakov Sverdlov. After two months, Stalin and Sverdlov escaped back to Saint Petersburg.

Question: スターリンはどのように亡くなりましたか？


Joseph Stalin

Context: During a brief period back in Tiflis, Stalin and the Outfit planned the ambush of a mail coach, during which most of the group — although not Stalin — were apprehended by the authorities. Stalin returned to Saint Petersburg, where he continued editing and writing articles for "Pravda".

Question: スターリンはどのように亡くなりましたか？


Joseph Stalin

Context: In Kureika, Stalin lived closely with the indigenous Tunguses and Ostyak, and spent much of his time fishing.

Question: スターリンはどのように亡くなりましたか？


Joseph Stalin

Context: Stalin faced problems in his family life. In 1929, his son Yakov unsuccessfully attempted suicide; his failure earned Stalin's contempt. His relationship with Nadezhda was also strained amid their arguments and her mental health problems. In November 1932, after a group dinner in the Kremlin in which Stalin flirted with other women, Nadezhda shot herself.

Question: スターリンはどのように亡くなりましたか？


Joseph Stalin

Context: Publicly, the cause of death was given as appendicitis; Stalin also concealed the real cause of death from his children. Stalin's friends noted that he underwent a significant change following her suicide, becoming emotionally harder.

Question: スターリンはどのように亡くなりましたか？


Joseph Stalin

Context: There were mass expulsions from the party, with Stalin commanding foreign communist parties to also purge anti-Stalinist elements.

Question: スターリンはどのように亡くなりましたか？


Joseph Stalin

Context: The US began pushing its interests on every continent, acquiring air force bases in Africa and Asia and ensuring pro-U.S. regimes took power across Latin America. It launched the Marshall Plan in June 1947, with which it sought to undermine Soviet hegemony in eastern Europe. The US also offered financial assistance to countries as part of the Marshall Plan on the condition that they opened their markets to trade, aware that the Soviets would never agree.

Question: スターリンはどのように亡くなりましたか？


Joseph Stalin

Context: From 1946 until his death, Stalin only gave three public speeches, two of which lasted only a few minutes. The amount of written material that he produced also declined. In 1950, Stalin issued the article "Marxism and Problems of Linguistics", which reflected his interest in questions of Russian nationhood.

Question: スターリンはどのように亡くなりましたか？


Joseph Stalin

Context: In adulthood, Stalin measured five feet seven inches (1.7 meters). His mustached face was pock-marked from smallpox during childhood; this was airbrushed from published photographs. He was born with a webbed left foot, and his left arm had been permanently injured in childhood which left it shorter than his right and lacking in flexibility, which was probably the result of being hit, at the age of 12, by a horse-drawn carriage.

Question: スターリンはどのように亡くなりましたか？


Joseph Stalin

Context: Stalin married his first wife, Ekaterina Svanidze, in 1906. According to Montefiore, theirs was "a true love match"; Volkogonov suggested that she was "probably the one human being he had really loved". When she died, Stalin allegedly said: "This creature softened my heart of stone." They had a son, Yakov, who often frustrated and annoyed Stalin. Yakov had a daughter, Galina, before fighting for the Red Army in the Second World War. He was captured by the German Army and then committed suicide.

Question: スターリンはどのように亡くなりましたか？


Joseph Stalin

Context: It was long rumored that Stalin married a sister of Lazar Kaganovich. Although probably a hoax, the story of "Rosa Kaganovich" was spread by notable Soviet defectors, including Trotsky, who alleged that "Stalin married the sister of Kaganovich, thereby presenting the latter with hopes for a promising future."

Question: スターリンはどのように亡くなりましたか？


Joseph Stalin

Context: In 2011, historian Timothy D. Snyder in 2011 summarised modern data made after the opening of the Soviet archives in the 1990s and states that Stalin's regime was responsible for 9 million deaths, with 6 million of these being deliberate killings. He further states the estimate is far lower than the estimates of 20 million or above which were made before access to the archives.

Question: スターリンはどのように亡くなりましたか？


Joseph Stalin

Context: Amid the social and economic turmoil of the post-Soviet period, many Russians viewed Stalin as having overseen an era of order, predictability, and pride. He remains a revered figure among many Russian nationalists, who feel nostalgic about the Soviet victory over Nazi Germany in World War II, and he is regularly invoked approvingly within both Russia's far-left and far-right.

Question: スターリンはどのように亡くなりましたか？


Luminous infrared galaxy

Context: Luminous infrared galaxies or LIRGs are galaxies with luminosities, the measurement of brightness, above . They are also referred to as submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) through their normal method of detection. LIRGs are more abundant than starburst galaxies, Seyfert galaxies and quasi-stellar objects at comparable luminosity. Infrared galaxies emit more energy in the infrared than at all other wavelengths combined. A LIRG's luminosity is 100 billion times that of our sun.

Question: 赤外線銀河を発見したのは誰？


Luminous infrared galaxy

Context: Galaxies with luminosities above are ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs). Galaxies exceeding are characterised as hyper-luminous infrared galaxies (HyLIRGs). Those exceeding are extremely luminous infrared galaxies (ELIRGs). Many of the LIRGs and ULIRGs are showing interactions and disruptions. Many of these types of galaxies spawn about 100 new stars a year as compared to ours which spawns one a year; this helps create the high level of luminosity.

Question: 赤外線銀河を発見したのは誰？


Luminous infrared galaxy

Context: Infrared galaxies appear to be single, gas-rich spirals whose infrared luminosity is created largely by the formation of stars within them. These types of galaxies were discovered in 1983 with IRAS. A LIRG's excess infrared luminosity may also come from the presence of an active galactic nucleus (AGN) residing at the center.

Question: 赤外線銀河を発見したのは誰？


Luminous infrared galaxy

Context: These galaxies emit more energy in the infrared portion of the spectrum, not visible to the naked eye. The energy given off by LIRGs is comparable to that of a quasar (a type of AGN), which formerly was known as the most energetic object in the universe.

Question: 赤外線銀河を発見したのは誰？


Luminous infrared galaxy

Context: LIRGs are brighter in the infrared than in the optical spectrum because the visible light is absorbed by the high amounts of gas and dust, and the dust re-emits thermal energy in the infrared spectrum.

Question: 赤外線銀河を発見したのは誰？


Luminous infrared galaxy

Context: LIRGs are also capable of becoming Ultra Luminous Infrared Galaxys (ULIRGs) but there is no perfect timetable because not all LIRGs turn into ULIRGs, Newtonian mechanics is used in the calculations and because the constraints are not quite approximate. Studies have shown that ULIRGs are more likely to contain an AGN than LIRGs

Question: 赤外線銀河を発見したのは誰？


Luminous infrared galaxy

Context: Hyper luminous Infrared Galaxies (HyLIRG), also referred to as HiLIRGs and HLIRGs, are considered to be some of the most luminous persistent objects in the Universe, exhibiting extremely high star formation rates, and most of which are known to harbour Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). They are defined as galaxies with luminosities above 1013 L⊙, as distinct from the less luminous population of ULIRGs (L = 1012 – 1013 L⊙). HLIRGs were first identified through follow-up observations of the IRAS mission.

Question: 赤外線銀河を発見したのは誰？


Luminous infrared galaxy

Context: IRAS F10214+4724, a HyLIRG being gravitationally lensed by a foreground elliptical galaxy, was considered to be one of the most luminous objects in the Universe having an intrinsic luminosity of ~ 2 × 1013 L⊙. It is believed that the bolometric luminosity of this HLIRG is likely amplified by a factor of ~30 as a result of the gravitational lensing.

Question: 赤外線銀河を発見したのは誰？


Luminous infrared galaxy

Context: The majority (~80%) of the mid-infrared spectrum of these objects is found to be dominated by AGN emission. However, the starburst (SB) activity is known to be significant in all known sources with a mean SB contribution of ~30%. Star formation rates in HLIRGs have been shown to reach ~ 3×102 – 3×103 M⊙ yr−1.

Question: 赤外線銀河を発見したのは誰？


Luminous infrared galaxy

Context: Light from the WISE J224607.57-052635.0 galaxy has traveled 12.5 billion years. The black hole at its center was billions of times the mass of our sun when the universe was a tenth (1.3 billion years) of its present age of 13.8 billion years.

Question: 赤外線銀河を発見したのは誰？


Luminous infrared galaxy

Context: Twenty new ELIRGs, including the most luminous galaxy found to date, have been discovered. These galaxies were not found earlier because of their distance, and because dust converts their visible light into infrared light. One has been observed to have three star-forming areas.

Question: 赤外線銀河を発見したのは誰？


Siegmund George Warburg

Context: He was born in the village of Seeburg, Germany (today part of Bad Urach), the only child of Georges Siegmund Warburg and Lucie. Georges Siegmund Warburg and Lucie raised a young Siegmund Warburg on an estate (Uhenfels Castle) in Swabia in South West Germany far away from the main branch of the family, which operated the second largest bank in Hamburg. Siegmund had a sincere and deep affection for his mother who taught him to have a critical and inquisitive mind.

Question: SGウォーバーグはいつ生まれた


Siegmund George Warburg

Context: In the period immediately before the Second World War he worked under cover for the Z Organisation, a highly secret offshoot of MI6/SIS, and reported impressively from Switzerland on his regular meetings with Hjalmar Schacht, then the president of the Nazi German Reichsbank and thus the most powerful German banker.

Question: SGウォーバーグはいつ生まれた


Siegmund George Warburg

Context: He was forced to flee the National Socialist regime of Adolf Hitler and moved to the United Kingdom in 1934 where he co-founded S. G. Warburg & Co. in 1946 with Henry Grunfeld.

Question: SGウォーバーグはいつ生まれた


Siegmund George Warburg

Context: In the United Kingdom, Siegmund was considered an 'upstart' to the establishment in the City of London. His most famous achievement was the establishment of the EuroBond market. He firmly believed that financial integration of Europe was an essential and natural step in the development of the European economy. He was a firm supporter of European Integration and involved in organizations dedicated to this goal, like the Action Committee for a United States of Europe, the United Kingdom Council of the

Question: SGウォーバーグはいつ生まれた


Siegmund George Warburg

Context: The firm S.G. Warburg & Co. was acquired by Swiss Bank Corporation creating SBC Warburg in 1995. After the merger of SBC with UBS AG, the investment bank was rebranded UBS.

Question: SGウォーバーグはいつ生まれた


Siegmund George Warburg

Context: He was also simultaneously a partner in the U.S. investment bank Kuhn, Loeb from 1953 until 1964 through a holding company to avoid the restrictions of the Glass–Steagall Act.

Question: SGウォーバーグはいつ生まれた


Empress Ki (TV series)

Context: Empress Ki () is a South Korean historical drama television series starring Ha Ji-won as the titular Empress Ki. It aired on MBC from October 28, 2013, to April 29, 2014, on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 for 51 episodes.

Question: ドラマ『奇皇后』の物語の舞台となる時代はいつ


Empress Ki (TV series)

Context: A domestic and overseas hit, the series received the Golden Bird Prize for Serial Drama at the 9th Seoul International Drama Awards. Ha Ji-won also won the Grand Prize at the MBC Drama Awards for her performance.

Question: ドラマ『奇皇后』の物語の舞台となる時代はいつ


Empress Ki (TV series)

Context: The early working title was "Hwatu" (; lit. "Battle of Flowers") but the title was changed to prevent confusion with the similarly named playing cards.

Question: ドラマ『奇皇后』の物語の舞台となる時代はいつ


Empress Ki (TV series)

Context: A Noblewoman who was the first wife and Empress Consort of Ta Hwan but when her crimes are revealed, is deposed from her throne and is executed in front of her people. Tanashiri serves as the main antagonist of the first chapter who plotted to kill Seung-nyang’s friends and poison anyone who dare to take her throne.

Question: ドラマ『奇皇后』の物語の舞台となる時代はいつ


Empress Ki (TV series)

Context: The evil second wife and Empress Consort of Ta Hwan after Tanashiri's death. She was also deposed from her position due to her cunningness.

Question: ドラマ『奇皇后』の物語の舞台となる時代はいつ


Empress Ki (TV series)

Context: Empress Bayan Khutugh's uncle who succeeded Yeon-Chul's position as Yuan Dynasty's regent. He was later killed by Tal Tal for being greedy and evil like El Temür.

Question: ドラマ『奇皇后』の物語の舞台となる時代はいつ


Empress Ki (TV series)

Context: Empress Bayan Khutugh's cousin and Baek-Ahn's nephew. Following his uncle died, Tal Tal become the new Yuan Dynasty's regent.

Question: ドラマ『奇皇后』の物語の舞台となる時代はいつ


Empress Ki (TV series)

Context: The series attained high ratings during its run, ranking first in its timeslot with a peak viewership rating of 33.9 percent. According to a report by Taiwan's drama channel ETTV, the series was ranked as the best foreign program for 2014 with 5.35% viewership rating, becoming the second Korean drama after "Jewel in the Palace" (2003) to do so. It also received positive reviews for its strong acting skills, gripping background and elaborate scenes.

Question: ドラマ『奇皇后』の物語の舞台となる時代はいつ


Empress Ki (TV series)

Context: Despite its popularity, the series was criticized for its inclusion of fictional elements regarding the characters and storyline. Much concern was raised over the series' depiction of the titular Empress Ki, who was portrayed as a brave warrior in the series. Historians were worried that the audience would overlook the fact that the real-life Empress Ki was responsible for attacking her native land.

Question: ドラマ『奇皇后』の物語の舞台となる時代はいつ


Empress Ki (TV series)

Context: It aired on GMA Network from October 20, 2014, to April 14, 2015, on Mondays to Thursdays at 10:00 PM PST for 100 episodes. Each episode runs 1 hour including commercial breaks. It was pre-empted on December 31, 2014, to give way to the "Countdown to 2015 GMA New Year Special" and on April 2 to 3, 2015 to give way on the "Holy Week" programming. The entire series was dubbed in Filipino. It was the highest rated Korean drama in the Philippines for 2015.

Question: ドラマ『奇皇后』の物語の舞台となる時代はいつ


Elsie the Cow

Context: Named one of the Top 10 Advertising Icons of the [20th] Century by "Ad Age" in 2000, Elsie the Cow has been among the most recognizable product logos in the United States and Canada.

Question: ニュージャージー牛が初めてブランド化されたのはいつ


Elsie the Cow

Context: The cartoon Elsie was created in 1936 by a team headed by advertising creative director David William Reid. Elsie first appeared as one of four cartoon cows (with Mrs. Blossom, Bessie, and Clara) in a 1936 magazine advertisement series featured in medical journals. By 1939, she was featured in her own advertisement campaign that was voted "best of the year" by the Jury of the 1939 Annual Advertising Awards.

Question: ニュージャージー牛が初めてブランド化されたのはいつ


Elsie the Cow

Context: Elsie had a fictional, cartoon mate, Elmer the Bull, who was created in 1940 and lent to Borden's then chemical-division as the mascot for Elmer's Products. The pair was given offspring Beulah and Beauregard in 1948, and twins Larabee and Lobelia in 1957.

Question: ニュージャージー牛が初めてブランド化されたのはいつ


Elsie the Cow

Context: Elsie has been bestowed such tongue-in-cheek honorary university degrees as Doctor of Bovinity, Doctor of Human Kindness, and Doctor of Ecownomics. In Wisconsin, home of the Dairy Princess, Elsie was named Queen of Dairyland. The Seneca people named her an honorary chief, and the City of Bridgeport, Connecticut presented her with their P. T. Barnum Award of Showmanship.

Question: ニュージャージー牛が初めてブランド化されたのはいつ


Elsie the Cow

Context: The success of the character encouraged Borden to promote a real life version of Elsie, with the name "You'll Do Lobelia", being her appearance in 1939. This version of Elsie became a celebrity, being more known than Mickey Mouse, being noted as "the most famous icon in the U.S.", ranking above The Campbell Soup Kids, the Marlboro Man, and The Jolly Green Giant.

Question: ニュージャージー牛が初めてブランド化されたのはいつ


Elsie the Cow

Context: Lobelia died in 1941 after a traffic accident, just two years after her rise to fame. Her tombstone is at Plainsboro, NJ. Since then, other "Elsies" took her place as Borden's spokescow.

Question: ニュージャージー牛が初めてブランド化されたのはいつ


Hermann Schmitz

Context: Hermann Schmitz (1 January 1881 – 8 October 1960) was a German industrialist and Nazi war criminal. CEO of IG Farben from 1935 to 1945, he was sentenced to four years in prison in the IG Farben Trial.

Question: ヘルマン・シュミッツはどこの大学出身？


Hermann Schmitz

Context: In 1914 he was required to serve in the army. He was injured during the First World War and, after recovering from his injuries, he was made Reich's supervisor for chemical products production in the matériel department (1915).

Question: ヘルマン・シュミッツはどこの大学出身？


Boeing 707

Context: The Boeing 707 is an American long-range narrow-body airliner that was developed and produced by Boeing Commercial Airplanes, its first jetliner.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: Developed from the Boeing 367-80, a prototype first flown in 1954, the initial first flew on December 20, 1957.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: A quadjet, the 707 has a swept wing with podded engines. Its larger fuselage cross-section allowed six-abreast economy seating, retained in the later 720, 727, 737, and 757.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: Although it was not the first commercial jetliner in service, the 707 was the first to be widespread and is often credited with beginning the Jet Age.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: It dominated passenger air transport in the 1960s, and remained common through the 1970s, on domestic, transcontinental, and transatlantic flights, as well as cargo and military applications.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: Powered by Pratt & Whitney JT4A turbojets, the 707-320 entered service in 1959, and the with Rolls-Royce Conway turbofans in 1960.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: Powered by Pratt & Whitney JT3D turbofans, the 707-120B debuted in 1961 and the 707-320B in 1962.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: The 707-120B typically flew 137 passengers in two classes over , and could accommodate 174 in one class.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: The 707-320C convertible passenger-freighter model entered service in 1963, and passenger 707s have been converted to freighter configurations.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: Military derivatives include the E-3 Sentry airborne reconnaissance aircraft and the C-137 Stratoliner VIP transport.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: As the first of a new generation of American passenger jets, Boeing wanted the aircraft's model number to emphasize the difference from its previous propeller-driven aircraft which bore 300-series numbers. The 400-, 500- and 600-series were already used by their missiles and other products, so Boeing decided that the jets would bear 700-series numbers, and the first would be the 707. The marketing department at Boeing chose 707 because they thought it was more appealing than 700.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: Whether the passenger 707 would be profitable was far from certain. At the time, nearly all of Boeing's revenue came from military contracts. In a demonstration flight over Lake Washington outside Seattle, on August 7, 1955, test pilot Tex Johnston performed a barrel roll in the 367-80 prototype. Although he justified his unauthorized action to Bill Allen, the president of Boeing, as selling the airplane with a 1 'g' maneuver he was told not to do it again.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: Tex Johnston recommended Boeing increase the height of the tail fin, add a boosted rudder, as well as add a ventral fin. These modifications were aimed at mitigating Dutch roll by providing more directional stability in yaw.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: The final 707 variant was the 707-320C, (C for "Convertible"), which had a large fuselage door for cargo. It had a revised wing with three-sectioned leading-edge flaps, improving takeoff and landing performance and allowing the ventral fin to be removed (although the taller fin was retained). The 707-320Bs built after 1963 used the same wing as the -320C and were known as 707-320B Advanced aircraft.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: In total, 1,010 707s were built for civilian use between 1958 and 1978, though many of these found their way to military service. The 707 production line remained open for purpose-built military variants until 1991, with the last new-build 707 airframes built as E-3 and E-6 aircraft.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: Traces of the 707 are still found in the 737, which uses a modified version of the 707's fuselage, as well as the same external nose and cockpit configurations as those of the 707. These were also used on the previous 727, while the 757 also used the 707 fuselage cross-section.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: On one customer-acceptance flight, where the yaw damper was turned off to familiarize the new pilots with flying techniques, a trainee pilot's actions violently exacerbated the Dutch roll motion and caused three of the four engines to be torn from the wings. The plane, a brand new 707-227, "N7071", destined for Braniff, crash-landed on a river bed north of Seattle at Arlington, Washington, killing four of the eight occupants.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: The 707 uses engine-driven turbocompressors to supply compressed air for cabin pressurization. On many commercial 707s, the outer port (number 1) engine mount is distinctly different from the other three, as this engine is not fitted with a turbocompressor. Later-model 707s typically had this configuration, although American Airlines had turbocompressors on engines 2 and 3 only. Early 707 models often had turbocompressor fairings on all four engines, but with only two or three compressors installed.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: The JT3D-3B engines are readily identifiable by the large gray secondary-air inlet doors in the nose cowl. These doors are fully open (sucked in at the rear) during takeoff to provide additional air. The doors automatically close with increasing airspeed.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: The 707 quickly became the most popular jetliner of its time. Its popularity led to rapid developments in airport terminals, runways, airline catering, baggage handling, reservations systems, and other air transport infrastructure. The advent of the 707 also led to the upgrading of air traffic control systems to prevent interference with military jet operations.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: In 1982, during the Falklands War, the Argentine Air Force used 707s to track the approaching task force. They were escorted away by Royal Navy Sea Harriers without being able to approach closer than 80 miles.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: Operations of the 707 were threatened by the enactment of international noise regulations in 1985. Shannon Engineering of Seattle developed a hush kit with funding from Tracor, Inc, of Austin, Texas. By the late 1980s, 172 Boeing 707s had been equipped with the Quiet 707 package. Boeing acknowledged that more 707s were in service than before the hush kit was available.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: As of 2019, only a handful of 707s remain in operation, acting as military aircraft for aerial refueling, transport, and AWACS missions.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: Although certified as Series 100s, 200s, 300s, etc., the different 707 variants are more commonly known as Series 120s, 220s, 320s, and so on, where the "20" part of the designation is Boeing's "customer number" for its development aircraft.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: Announced in July 1957 as a derivative for shorter flights from shorter runways, the 707-020 first flew on November 23, 1959.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: Its type certificate was issued on June 30, 1960, and it entered service with United Airlines on July 5, 1960.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: Compared to the 707-120, it has a length reduced by 9 feet (2.7 m), a modified wing and a lightened airframe for a lower maximum takeoff weight.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: Powered by four Pratt & Whitney JT3C turbojets, the initial 720 could cover a range with 131 passengers in two classes.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: Powered by JT3D turbofans, the 720B first flew on October 6, 1960, and entered service in March 1961.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: A total of 154 Boeing 720s and 720Bs were built until 1967. Some 720s were later converted to the 720B specification.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: The 707-220 was designed for hot and high operations with more powerful Pratt & Whitney JT4A-3 turbojets. Five of these were produced, but only four were ultimately delivered, with one being lost during a test flight. All were for Braniff International Airways and carried the model number 707-227; the first entered service in December 1959. This version was made obsolete by the arrival of the turbofan-powered 707-120B.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: The 707-320B Advanced is an improved version of the -320B, adding the three-section leading-edge flaps already seen on the -320C. These reduced takeoff and landing speeds and altered the lift distribution of the wing, allowing the ventral fin found on earlier 707s to be deleted. From 1965, -320Bs had the uprated -320C undercarriage allowing the same MTOW. These were often identified as 707-320BA-H.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: The militaries of the US and other countries have used the civilian 707 aircraft in a variety of roles, and under different designations. (The 707 and US Air Force's KC-135 were developed in parallel from the Boeing 367–80 prototype.)

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: The Boeing E-3 Sentry is a US military airborne warning and control system (AWACS) aircraft based on the Boeing 707 that provides all-weather surveillance, command, control, and communications.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: The Northrop Grumman E-8 Joint STARS is an aircraft modified from the Boeing 707-300 series commercial airliner. The E-8 carries specialized radar, communications, operations and control subsystems. The most prominent external feature is the 40 ft (12 m) canoe-shaped radome under the forward fuselage that houses the 24 ft (7.3 m) APY-7 active electronically scanned array side looking airborne radar antenna.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: The Canadian Forces also operated the Boeing 707 with the designation CC-137 Husky (707-347C) from 1971 to 1997.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: Boeing 717 was the company designation for the C-135 Stratolifter and KC-135 Stratotanker derivatives of the 367-80. (The 717 designation was later reused in renaming the McDonnell Douglas MD-95 to Boeing 717 after the company merged with Boeing.)

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: In the 1980s, the USAF acquired around 250 used 707s to provide replacement turbofan engines for the KC-135E Stratotanker program.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: The 707 is no longer operated by major airlines. American actor John Travolta owned an ex-Qantas 707-138B, with the registration "N707JT." In May 2017, he donated the plane to the Historical Aircraft Restoration Society near Wollongong, Australia. The plane will be flown to Illawarra Regional Airport, where HARS is based, once repairs to ensure safe flying condition have been completed.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: As of January 2019, the 707 has been in 261 aviation occurrences and 174 hull-loss accidents with a total of 3,039 fatalities. The deadliest incident involving the 707 was the Agadir air disaster which took place on August 3, 1975 with 188 fatalities.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


Boeing 707

Context: On January 14, 2019, a Saha Airlines cargo flight crashed, killing 15 people and seriously injuring one more person. It was the last civil 707 in operation.

Question: ボーイング707の搭乗可能人数は何名ですか？


First Blood (novel)

Context: The book was praised by "Newsweek" as "First-rate", by "The New York Times Book Review" as "A fine novel" and by the thriller writer John D. MacDonald as "one hell of a hard, fast novel"; and it was used by Stephen King in his creative writing class at the University of Maine. John Skow of "Time", however, described the book as "carnography".

Question: 『一人だけの軍隊』はいつ出版された？


First Blood (novel)

Context: Cuban-Italian actor Tomas Milian read "First Blood" soon after its release and wanted to star in an adaptation of it; however, he was unsuccessful in persuading Italian producers to support the project. Still, he used "Rambo" as the name of his character, an ex-cop, in the 1975 film "Syndicate Sadists".

Question: 『一人だけの軍隊』はいつ出版された？


First Blood (novel)

Context: Rambo, whose first name is not specified in the novel, was given the first name "John" for the film as a reference to the song "When Johnny Comes Marching Home".

Question: 『一人だけの軍隊』はいつ出版された？


First Blood (novel)

Context: The resulting film, "First Blood", was a major success, earning $125 million on a $15 million budget, and spawning an entire "Rambo" franchise.

Question: 『一人だけの軍隊』はいつ出版された？


Karate Master

Context: is a Japanese manga drawn by Jiro Tsunoda and Jōya Kagemaru, with the story written by Ikki Kajiwara. The story was inspired by the life of the real-life karate martial artist Mas Oyama.

Question: 『空手バカ一代』は何冊発行された


Karate Master

Context: The anime television series was produced by Tokyo Movie and aired Wednesdays, from 19:30 to 20:00, on NET from October 3, 1973 to September 25, 1974, totaling 47 episodes.

Question: 『空手バカ一代』は何冊発行された


Karate Master

Context: The anime is now available on Hulu (in the U.S.) under the name "Karate Master". Discotek Media has licensed the anime for home video release in North America.

Question: 『空手バカ一代』は何冊発行された


Karate Master

Context: The success of the manga and the anime are often credited for producing a "karate boom" in Japan in the early 1970s.

Question: 『空手バカ一代』は何冊発行された


Karate Master

Context: Video game artist Keiji Inafune drew inspiration from "Karate Master" for several character designs in the arcade fighting game "Street Fighter" (1987).

Question: 『空手バカ一代』は何冊発行された


Ministry of Defense (Japan)

Context: The is an executive department of the Government of Japan responsible for preserving the peace and independence of Japan, and maintaining the country’s national security and the Japan Self-Defense Forces.

Question: 日本の国家安全保障を担っている省庁はどこですか？


Ministry of Defense (Japan)

Context: On 8 June 2006, the Cabinet of Japan endorsed a bill elevating the under the Cabinet Office to full-fledged cabinet-level . A bill that relates to the transition of the DA from agency to a ministry became law on 15 December 2006 with approval from the House of Councillors.

Question: 日本の国家安全保障を担っている省庁はどこですか？


Ministry of Defense (Japan)

Context: 53 years after the establishment of the Defense Agency in 1954, the Ministry of Defense was founded on 9 January 2007.

Question: 日本の国家安全保障を担っている省庁はどこですか？


Ministry of Defense (Japan)

Context: Cooperation between the JSDF and other civilian agencies in contingency planning is limited. No plans exist to ensure the support of civilian aircraft and merchant fleets in times of crisis, even though the JSDF transportation capabilities are generally judged inadequate. In 1990 legislation was being studied to provide the JSDF with the ability to respond in emergency situations not specifically covered by Article 76 of the Self-Defense Forces Law.

Question: 日本の国家安全保障を担っている省庁はどこですか？


Ministry of Defense (Japan)

Context: JSDF training includes instilling a sense of mission. Personnel are provided with the scientific and technical education to operate and maintain modern equipment and with the physical training necessary to accomplish their missions.

Question: 日本の国家安全保障を担っている省庁はどこですか？


Ministry of Defense (Japan)

Context: Modern equipment is gradually replacing obsolescent materiel in the JSDF. In 1987, the Defense Agency replaced its communications system (which formerly had relied on telephone lines of the Nippon Telegraph and Telephone) with a microwave network incorporating a three-dimensional transmission system using a communications satellite. Despite efforts to increase stocks, however, supplies of ammunition and maintenance and repair parts in 1990 remained at less than satisfactory levels.

Question: 日本の国家安全保障を担っている省庁はどこですか？


Ministry of Defense (Japan)

Context: In 2004, the Defense Agency building was attacked by a Kakurōkyō cell through improvised mortar barrages.

Question: 日本の国家安全保障を担っている省庁はどこですか？


Ministry of Defense (Japan)

Context: In July 2007, the Ministry of Defense Building was attacked by a 21-year-old right-wing activist, who threw a Molotov cocktail in the direction of the building, after forcing his way through the main gate.

Question: 日本の国家安全保障を担っている省庁はどこですか？


Ministry of Defense (Japan)

Context: The Senior Advisers to the Minister of Defense are senior policy advisers to the Minister of Defense.

Question: 日本の国家安全保障を担っている省庁はどこですか？


Ministry of Defense (Japan)

Context: The Special Advisers to the Minister of Defense are special policy advisers to the Minister of Defense.

Question: 日本の国家安全保障を担っている省庁はどこですか？


Ministry of Defense (Japan)

Context: The Administrative Vice-Minister of Defense, the senior civil-servant at the Ministry of Defense, has the role of coordinating the affairs of the Ministry and of supervising the Ministry's bureaus and organs.

Question: 日本の国家安全保障を担っている省庁はどこですか？


Ministry of Defense (Japan)

Context: The Chief of Staff, Joint Staff is the highest-ranking military officer of the Japan Self-Defense Forces, and the senior military adviser to the Minister of Defense and the Japanese Government. He is supported by the Vice Chief of Staff, Joint Staff. He is appointed by the Minister of Defense, approved by the Cabinet.

Question: 日本の国家安全保障を担っている省庁はどこですか？


Economy of Luxembourg

Context: Although Luxembourg in tourist literature is aptly called the "Green Heart of Europe", its pastoral land coexists with a highly industrialized and export-intensive area. Luxembourg's economy is quite similar to Germany's. Luxembourg enjoys a degree of economic prosperity very rare among industrialized democracies.

Question: ルクセンブルクの主要産業は何


Economy of Luxembourg

Context: In 2009, a budget deficit of 5% resulted from government measures to stimulate the economy, especially the banking sector, as a result of the Great Recession. This was however reduced to 1.4% in 2010.

Question: ルクセンブルクの主要産業は何


Economy of Luxembourg

Context: For 2017 the (expected) figures are as follows: Growth 4.6%; Inflation 1.0%; Budget deficit 1.7%, to be reduced to 0.8% in 2020; Debt: 20.4%, no new debts to be taken in the fiscal year.

Question: ルクセンブルクの主要産業は何


Economy of Luxembourg

Context: In 2013 the GDP was $60.54 billion of which services, including the financial sector, produced 86%. The financial sector comprised 36% of GDP, industry comprised 13.3% and agriculture only 0.3%.

Question: ルクセンブルクの主要産業は何


Economy of Luxembourg

Context: A key event in the economic history of Luxembourg was the 1876 introduction of English metallurgy. The refining process led to the development of the steel industry in Luxembourg and founding of the Arbed company in 1911.

Question: ルクセンブルクの主要産業は何