Democratic Party (United States)

Context: One of the most influential centrist groups was the Democratic Leadership Council (DLC), a nonprofit organization that advocated centrist positions for the party. The DLC hailed President Bill Clinton as proof of the viability of "Third Way" politicians and a DLC success story. The DLC disbanded in 2011 and much of the former DLC is now represented in the think tank Third Way.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Some Democratic elected officials have self-declared as being centrists, including former President Bill Clinton, former Vice President Al Gore, Senator Mark Warner, former Pennsylvania governor Ed Rendell, former Senator Jim Webb, President Joe Biden, congresswoman Ann Kirkpatrick, and former congressman Dave McCurdy.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The New Democrat Network supports socially liberal and fiscally moderate Democratic politicians and is associated with the congressional New Democrat Coalition in the House. Suzan DelBene is the chair of the coalition, and former senator and 2016 Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton was a member while in Congress. In 2009, President Barack Obama was self-described as a New Democrat.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Split-ticket voting was common among conservative Southern Democrats in the 1970s and 1980s. These voters supported conservative Democrats for local and statewide office while simultaneously voting for Republican presidential candidates.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Social liberals (modern liberals) are a large portion of the Democratic base. According to 2018 exit polls, liberals constituted 27% of the electorate, and 91% of American liberals favored the candidate of the Democratic Party. White-collar college-educated professionals were mostly Republican until the 1950s, but they now compose a vital component of the Democratic Party.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: This ideological group differs from the traditional organized labor base. According to the Pew Research Center, a plurality of 41% resided in mass affluent households and 49% were college graduates, the highest figure of any typographical group. It was also the fastest growing typological group between the late 1990s and early 2000s. Liberals include most of academia and large portions of the professional class.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The Democratic Party favors raising the minimum wage. The Fair Minimum Wage Act of 2007 was an early component of the Democrats' agenda during the 110th Congress. In 2006, the Democrats supported six state ballot initiatives to increase the minimum wage and all six initiatives passed.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: In 2017, Senate Democrats introduced the Raise the Wage Act which would raise the minimum wage to $15 an hour by 2024. In 2021, Democratic president Joe Biden proposed increasing the minimum wage to $15 by 2025. While various states controlled by a democratic (e.g. California, Connecticut) have decided to have a set minimum wage before that date as seen in the Economic Policy Institute Minimum Wage Tracker

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Democrats call for "affordable and quality health care" and favor moving toward universal health care in a variety of forms to address rising healthcare costs. Some Democratic politicians favor a single-payer program or Medicare for All, while others prefer creating a public health insurance option.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010, has been one of the most significant pushes for universal health care. As of December 2019, more than 20 million Americans have gained health insurance under the Affordable Care Act.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Democrats believe that the government should protect the environment and have a history of environmentalism. In more recent years, this stance has emphasized renewable energy generation as the basis for an improved economy, greater national security, and general environmental benefits. The Democratic Party is substantially more likely than the Republican Party to support environmental regulation and policies that are supportive of renewable energy.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The Democratic Party also favors expansion of conservation lands and encourages open space and rail travel to relieve highway and airport congestion and improve air quality and the economy as it "believe[s] that communities, environmental interests, and the government should work together to protect resources while ensuring the vitality of local economies. Once Americans were led to believe they had to make a choice between the economy and the environment. They now know this is a false choice".

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The foremost environmental concern of the Democratic Party is climate change. Democrats, most notably former Vice President Al Gore, have pressed for stern regulation of greenhouse gases. On October 15, 2007, Gore won the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to build greater knowledge about man-made climate change and laying the foundations for the measures needed to counteract it.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The modern Democratic Party emphasizes social equality and equal opportunity. Democrats support voting rights and minority rights, including LGBT rights. The party championed the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which for the first time outlawed segregation. Carmines and Stimson wrote "the Democratic Party appropriated racial liberalism and assumed federal responsibility for ending racial discrimination."

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Ideological social elements in the party include cultural liberalism, civil libertarianism, and feminism. Some Democratic social policies are immigration reform, electoral reform, and women's reproductive rights.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The party is very supportive of improving voting rights as well as election accuracy and accessibility. They support extensions of voting time, including making election day a holiday. They support reforming the electoral system to eliminate gerrymandering, abolishing the electoral college, as well as passing comprehensive campaign finance reform.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: According to the 2020 Democratic Party platform, "Democrats believe every woman should be able to access high-quality reproductive health care services, including safe and legal abortion."

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: In 2013, Democrats in the Senate passed S.744, which would reform immigration policy to allow citizenship for illegal immigrants in the United States and improve the lives of all immigrants currently living in the United States.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: In 1992, 1993 and 1995, Democratic Texas Congressman Henry González unsuccessfully introduced the which prohibited the use of capital punishment in the United States. Democratic Missouri Congressman William Lacy Clay, Sr. cosponsored the amendment in 1993.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: In June 2016, the Democratic Platform Drafting Committee unanimously adopted an amendment to abolish the death penalty.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Many Democrats are opposed to the use of torture against individuals apprehended and held prisoner by the United States military and hold that categorizing such prisoners as unlawful combatants does not release the United States from its obligations under the Geneva Conventions. Democrats contend that torture is inhumane, damages the United States' moral standing in the world, and produces questionable results. Democrats are largely against waterboarding.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The Democratic Party believes that individuals should have a right to privacy. For example, many Democrats have opposed the NSA warrantless surveillance of American citizens.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Some Democratic officeholders have championed consumer protection laws that limit the sharing of consumer data between corporations. Democrats have opposed sodomy laws since the 1972 platform which stated that "Americans should be free to make their own choice of life-styles and private habits without being subject to discrimination or prosecution", and believe that government should not regulate consensual noncommercial sexual conduct among adults as a matter of personal privacy.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The foreign policy of the voters of the two major parties has largely overlapped since the 1990s. A Gallup poll in early 2013 showed broad agreement on the top issues, albeit with some divergence regarding human rights and international cooperation through agencies such as the United Nations.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Democrats chose A over B by 65% to 32%; Republicans chose A over B by 56% to 39%; and independents chose A over B by 67% to 29%.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The Democratic Party has both recently and historically supported Israel. A 2008 Gallup poll found that 64% of Americans have a favorable image of Israel while only 16% say that they have a favorable image of the Palestinian Authority. A pro-Israel view is held by the party leadership although some Democrats, including former President Jimmy Carter, have criticized Israel.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The 2008 Democratic Party platform acknowledges a "special relationship with Israel, grounded in shared interests and shared values, and a clear, strong, fundamental commitment to the security of Israel, our strongest ally in the region and its only established democracy." It also included:

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Professionals, those who have a college education and those whose work revolves around the conception of ideas, have tended to support the Democratic Party since 2000. While the professional class was once a stronghold of the Republican Party, it has become increasingly in favor of the Democratic Party. Support for Democratic candidates among professionals may be traced to the prevalence of liberal cultural values among this group:

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The highly educated constitute an important part of the Democratic voter base. The party has strong support among scientists, with 55% identifying as Democrats, 32% as independents, and 6% as Republicans in a 2009 study. Those with a college education have become increasingly Democratic in the 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004, and 2008 elections. In exit polls for the 2018 elections, 65% of those with a graduate degree said they voted Democratic, and Democrats won college graduates overall by a 20-point margin.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The three most significant labor groupings in the Democratic coalition today are the AFL–CIO and Change to Win labor federations as well as the National Education Association, a large, unaffiliated teachers' union. Important issues for labor unions include supporting industrial policy that sustains unionized manufacturing jobs, raising the minimum wage, and promoting broad social programs such as Social Security and Medicare.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Younger Americans, including millennials and Generation Z, tend to vote mostly for Democratic candidates in recent years.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The young have voted in favor of the Democratic presidential candidate in every election since Bill Clinton in 1992 and are more likely to identify as liberals than the general population. In the 2004 presidential election, Democratic presidential candidate John Kerry received 54% of the vote from voters of the age group 18–29 while Republican George W. Bush received 45%. In the 2006 midterm elections, the Democrats received 60% of the vote from the same age group.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Polls suggest that younger Americans have more liberal views than the general public on same-sex marriage and universal health care, helping Barack Obama carry 66% of their votes in 2008. In the 2018 midterm elections, 67% of those in the 18–29 age range voted for the Democratic candidate. Democrats also won those in the 30–44 age range by a 19-point margin.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Although the gender gap has varied over many years, women of all ages are more likely than men to identify as Democrats.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Since the 1990s, women have supported Democratic Party candidates to various offices at higher rates than men. Polls in 2009 indicated that 41% of women identify as Democrats while only 25% of women identify as Republicans and 26% as independents whereas 32% of men identify as Democrats, 28% as Republicans and 34% as independents. Among ethnic minorities, women also are more likely than men to identify as Democrats.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The National Federation of Democratic Women is an affiliated organization meant to advocate for women's issues. National women's organizations that support Democratic candidates include EMILY's List, which aims to help elect pro-choice female Democratic candidates to office.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Of the 118 women in the United States House of Representatives at the start of the 117th Congress, there were 89 Democrats. After one special election in June 2021, where one more female Democrat was elected as U.S. Representative, there have been 119 women in the House, 90 of whom are Democratic.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Americans that identify as single, living with a domestic partner, divorced, separated, or widowed are more likely to vote Democratic in contrast to married Americans which split about equally between Democrat and Republican.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: General Social Surveys of more than 11,000 Democrats and Republicans conducted between 1996 and 2006 came to the result that the differences in fertility rates are not statistically significant between these parties, with the average Democrat having 1.94 children and the average Republican having 1.91 children. However, there is a significant difference in fertility rates between the two related groups liberals and conservatives, with liberals reproducing at a much lower rate than conservatives.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Notable LGBT Democrats include Senator Tammy Baldwin of Wisconsin, Senator Kyrsten Sinema of Arizona, Representative David Cicilline of Rhode Island, Governor Kate Brown of Oregon, and Governor Jared Polis of Colorado. The late activist and San Francisco Supervisor Harvey Milk was a Democrat as is former Representative Barney Frank of Massachusetts.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The Stonewall Democrats is an LGBT advocacy group associated with the Democratic Party. The Congressional LGBTQ+ Equality Caucus is a congressional caucus of 172 Democrats that advocate for LGBT rights within the House of Representatives.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: By winning the 2020 Iowa Democratic presidential caucuses, former Mayor of South Bend, Indiana, Pete Buttigieg became the first openly gay candidate to win a presidential primary or caucus. In December 2020, Buttigieg was selected to serve as United States Secretary of Transportation, and he became the first openly gay cabinet secretary to be confirmed by the U.S. Senate in February 2021.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: African Americans began drifting to the Democratic Party when Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected president. Support for the civil rights movement in the 1960s by Democratic presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson helped give the Democrats even greater support in the African-American community, which has consistently voted between 85% and 95% Democratic from the 1960s to the present day, making African Americans one of the biggest support groups in any US party.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Within the House of Representatives, the Congressional Black Caucus, consisting of 55 black Democrats, serves to represent the interests of African Americans and advocate on issues that affect them.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Cuban Americans still tend to vote Republican, though there has been a noticeable change starting with the 2008 elections. During the 2008 elections, Barack Obama received 47% of the Cuban American vote in Florida. According to Bendixen's exit polls, 84% of Miami-Dade Cuban-American voters 65 or older backed McCain, while 55% of those 29 or younger backed Obama, showing that the younger Cuban-American generation has become more liberal.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Unaffiliated Latino advocacy groups that often support progressive candidates and causes include the National Council of La Raza and the League of United Latin American Citizens. In the House of Representatives, the Democratic caucus of Latino Americans is the Congressional Hispanic Caucus.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The Democratic Party has supermajority support in the Asian-American population. Asian Americans had been a stronghold of the Republican Party up to and including the 1992 presidential election, in which George H. W. Bush won 55% of the Asian-American vote. Originally, the vast majority of Asian Americans were strongly anti-communist Vietnamese refugees, Chinese Americans, Taiwanese Americans, Korean Americans, and Filipino Americans, and the Republican Party's positions resonated with this demographic.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Prominent past and present Asian-American Democrats include Vice President Kamala Harris, U.S. Senators Tammy Duckworth, Daniel Inouye, Daniel Akaka, and Mazie Hirono, former Governor and Secretary of Commerce Gary Locke, and U.S. Representatives Mike Honda, Judy Chu, Doris Matsui, Ro Khanna, Pramila Jayapal, Norman Mineta, and Dalip Singh Saund. Saund was the first Asian-American U.S. Representative.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The Democratic Party also has strong support among the Native American population, particularly in Arizona, New Mexico, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Washington, Alaska, Idaho, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Oklahoma, and North Carolina. Although now a small percentage of the population (virtually non-existent in some regions), most Native American precincts vote Democratic in margins exceeded only by African Americans.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Modern-day Democratic Native American politicians include former Congressman Brad Carson of Oklahoma as well as Principal Chief Bill John Baker of the Cherokee Nation, Governor Bill Anoatubby of the Chickasaw Nation, and Chief Gary Batton of the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: In 2018, Democrats Deb Haaland of New Mexico and Sharice Davids of Kansas became the first Native American women to be elected to Congress. Democrat Peggy Flanagan was also elected in 2018 and currently serves as Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota. Flanagan is the second Native American woman to be elected to statewide executive office in U.S. history and the highest-ranking Native woman to be elected to executive office.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: In December 2020, Joe Biden chose Deb Haaland to serve as United States Secretary of the Interior; she became the first Native American Cabinet secretary in March 2021.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Black churches, mainline Protestants, evangelicals, and Catholics contributed to Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal coalition. During the New Deal era, President Roosevelt appealed to notions of Christian charity. In explaining his philosophy, he said: "I am a Christian and a Democrat".

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Catholic Americans have traditionally been a stronghold for the Democratic Party, although they have become more divided between the two major parties in recent years. Both Catholics elected to be president, John F. Kennedy and Joe Biden, have been Democrats. Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi is also Catholic.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: , every Democratic president, Democratic vice president, and Democratic presidential nominee has been a Christian. According to the Pew Research Center, 78.4% of Democrats in the 116th United States Congress were Christian.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: In the 2020 United States presidential election, exit polls show that voters with no religious affiliation accounted for 22% of the electorate and voted for Biden by a 65–31% margin.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: Jewish American communities tend to be a stronghold for the Democratic Party. Al Gore received 79% of the Jewish votes in 2000, and Barack Obama won about 77% of the Jewish vote in 2008. In the 2018 House of Representatives elections, 79% of Jewish Americans voted for the Democratic candidate.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: The first Arab American in the U.S. House of Representatives, Californian George A. Kasem, and the first Arab American in the U.S. Senate, South Dakotan James Abourezk, were both Democrats.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Democratic Party (United States)

Context: In the Supreme Court, , three of the nine seats are filled by justices appointed by Democratic presidents Bill Clinton and Barack Obama.

Question: 미국의 민주당은 언제 창당했나요?


Meteorite fall

Context: A meteorite fall, also called an observed fall, is a meteorite collected after its fall from outer space was observed by people or automated devices. Any other meteorite is called a "find". There are more than 1,100 documented falls listed in widely used databases, most of which have specimens in modern collections. , the Meteoritical Bulletin Database had 1211 confirmed falls.

Question: 2018년 지구에 떨어진 운석은 몇 개인가?


Meteorite fall

Context: As of January 2019, the Meteoritical Bulletin Database had 1,180 confirmed falls. Statistics by decade are listed in the table in this section.

Question: 2018년 지구에 떨어진 운석은 몇 개인가?


Meteorite fall

Context: The German physicist Ernst Chladni, sometimes considered as the father of meteoritics, was the first to publish in modern Western thought (in 1794) the then audacious idea that meteorites are rocks from space. There were already several documented cases, one of the earliest was the Aegospotami meteorite of 467 BC and which became a landmark for 500 years, of which Diogenes of Apollonia said:

Question: 2018년 지구에 떨어진 운석은 몇 개인가?


Meteorite fall

Context: With the visible stars revolve stones which are invisible, and for that reason nameless. They often fall on the ground and are extinguished, like the stone star that came down on fire at Aegospotami.

Question: 2018년 지구에 떨어진 운석은 몇 개인가?


Meteorite fall

Context: Below is a list of 8 confirmed falls pre-1600 AD. However, unlike the Loket (Elbogen) and Ensisheim meteorites, not all are as well-documented.

Question: 2018년 지구에 떨어진 운석은 몇 개인가?


Meteorite fall

Context: While most confirmed falls involve masses between less than one kg to several kg, some reach 100 kg or more. A few have fragments that total even more than one metric ton. The six largest falls are listed below and five (except the 2013 Chelyabinsk meteorite) occurred during the 20th century. Presumably, events of such magnitude may happen a few times per century but, especially if it occurred in remote areas, may have gone unreported.

Question: 2018년 지구에 떨어진 운석은 몇 개인가?


Meteorite fall

Context: For comparison, the largest finds are the 60-ton Hoba meteorite, a 30.8-ton fragment ("Gancedo") and a 28.8-ton fragment ("El Chaco") of the Campo del Cielo, and a 30.9-ton fragment ("Ahnighito") of the Cape York meteorite.

Question: 2018년 지구에 떨어진 운석은 몇 개인가?


Meteorite fall

Context: On 18 August 1907 multiple newspapers reported that a meteor fall had occurred in Amaganzett, Long Island.

Question: 2018년 지구에 떨어진 운석은 몇 개인가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: A geomagnetic storm, also known as a magnetic storm, is a temporary disturbance of the Earth's magnetosphere caused by a solar wind shock wave and/or cloud of magnetic field that interacts with the Earth's magnetic field.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: The disturbance that drives the magnetic storm may be a solar coronal mass ejection (CME) or (much less severely) a co-rotating interaction region (CIR), a high-speed stream of solar wind originating from a coronal hole. The frequency of geomagnetic storms increases and decreases with the sunspot cycle. During solar maximum, geomagnetic storms occur more often, with the majority driven by CMEs.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: Several space weather phenomena tend to be associated with or are caused by a geomagnetic storm. These include solar energetic particle (SEP) events, geomagnetically induced currents (GIC), ionospheric disturbances that cause radio and radar scintillation, disruption of navigation by magnetic compass and auroral displays at much lower latitudes than normal.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: The largest recorded geomagnetic storm, the Carrington Event in September 1859, took down parts of the recently created US telegraph network, starting fires and shocking some telegraph operators. In 1989, a geomagnetic storm energized ground induced currents that disrupted electric power distribution throughout most of Quebec and caused aurorae as far south as Texas.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: A geomagnetic storm is defined by changes in the Dst (disturbance – storm time) index. The Dst index estimates the globally averaged change of the horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic field at the magnetic equator based on measurements from a few magnetometer stations. Dst is computed once per hour and reported in near-real-time. During quiet times, Dst is between +20 and −20 nano-Tesla (nT).

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: The size of a geomagnetic storm is classified as moderate (−50 nT > minimum of Dst > −100 nT), intense (−100 nT > minimum Dst > −250 nT) or super-storm (minimum of Dst < −250 nT).

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: The first scientific observation of the effects of a geomagnetic storm occurred early in the 19th century: from May 1806 until June 1807, Alexander von Humboldt recorded the bearing of a magnetic compass in Berlin. On 21 December 1806, he noticed that his compass had become erratic during a bright auroral event.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: Since 1859, less severe storms have occurred, notably the aurora of November 17, 1882 and the May 1921 geomagnetic storm, both with disruption of telegraph service and initiation of fires, and 1960, when widespread radio disruption was reported.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: In early August 1972, a series of flares and solar storms peaks with a flare estimated around X20 producing the fastest CME transit ever recorded and a severe geomagnetic and proton storm that disrupted terrestrial electrical and communications networks, as well as satellites (at least one made permanently inoperative), and spontaneously detonated numerous U.S. Navy magnetic-influence sea mines in North Vietnam.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: The March 1989 geomagnetic storm caused the collapse of the Hydro-Québec power grid in seconds as equipment protection relays tripped in a cascading sequence. Six million people were left without power for nine hours. The storm caused auroras as far south as Texas. The storm causing this event was the result of a coronal mass ejected from the Sun on March 9, 1989. The minimum Dst was −589 nT.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: On July 14, 2000, an X5 class flare erupted (known as the Bastille Day event) and a coronal mass was launched directly at the Earth. A geomagnetic super storm occurred on July 15–17; the minimum of the Dst index was −301 nT. Despite the storm's strength, no power distribution failures were reported. The Bastille Day event was observed by "Voyager 1" and "Voyager 2", thus it is the farthest out in the Solar System that a solar storm has been observed.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: The solar wind also carries with it the Sun's magnetic field. This field will have either a North or South orientation. If the solar wind has energetic bursts, contracting and expanding the magnetosphere, or if the solar wind takes a southward polarization, geomagnetic storms can be expected. The southward field causes magnetic reconnection of the dayside magnetopause, rapidly injecting magnetic and particle energy into the Earth's magnetosphere.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: During a geomagnetic storm, the ionosphere's F2 layer becomes unstable, fragments, and may even disappear. In the northern and southern pole regions of the Earth, auroras are observable.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: Magnetometers monitor the auroral zone as well as the equatorial region. Two types of radar, coherent scatter and incoherent scatter, are used to probe the auroral ionosphere. By bouncing signals off ionospheric irregularities, which move with the field lines, one can trace their motion and infer magnetospheric convection.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: It has been suggested that a geomagnetic storm on the scale of the solar storm of 1859 today would cause billions or even trillions of dollars of damage to satellites, power grids and radio communications, and could cause electrical blackouts on a massive scale that might not be repaired for weeks, months, or even years. Such sudden electrical blackouts may threaten food production.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: Besides the transformers being vulnerable to the effects of a geomagnetic storm, electricity companies can also be affected indirectly by the geomagnetic storm. For instance, internet service providers may go down during geomagnetic storms (and/or remain non-operational long after). Electricity companies may have equipment requiring a working internet connection to function, so during the period the internet service provider is down, the electricity too may not be distributed.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: By receiving geomagnetic storm alerts and warnings (e.g. by the Space Weather Prediction Center; via Space Weather satellites as SOHO or ACE), power companies can minimize damage to power transmission equipment, by momentarily disconnecting transformers or by inducing temporary blackouts. Preventive measures also exist, including preventing the inflow of GICs into the grid through the neutral-to-ground connection.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: Military detection or early warning systems operating in the high frequency range are also affected by solar activity. The "over-the-horizon radar" bounces signals off the ionosphere to monitor the launch of aircraft and missiles from long distances. During geomagnetic storms, this system can be severely hampered by radio clutter. Also some submarine detection systems use the magnetic signatures of submarines as one input to their locating schemes. Geomagnetic storms can mask and distort these signals.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: GNSS signals are affected when solar activity causes sudden variations in the density of the ionosphere, causing the satellite signals to scintillate (like a twinkling star). The scintillation of satellite signals during ionospheric disturbances is studied at HAARP during ionospheric modification experiments. It has also been studied at the Jicamarca Radio Observatory.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: One technology used to allow GPS receivers to continue to operate in the presence of some confusing signals is Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM). However, RAIM is predicated on the assumption that a majority of the GPS constellation is operating properly, and so it is much less useful when the entire constellation is perturbed by global influences such as geomagnetic storms. Even if RAIM detects a loss of integrity in these cases, it may not be able to provide a useful, reliable signal.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: The vulnerability of the satellites depends on their position as well. The South Atlantic Anomaly is a perilous place for a satellite to pass through, due to the unusually weak geomagnetic field at low Earth orbit.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: Rapidly fluctuating geomagnetic fields can produce geomagnetically induced currents in pipelines. This can cause multiple problems for pipeline engineers. Pipeline flow meters can transmit erroneous flow information and the corrosion rate of the pipeline can be dramatically increased.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: Earth's atmosphere and magnetosphere allow adequate protection at ground level, but astronauts are subject to potentially lethal radiation poisoning. The penetration of high-energy particles into living cells can cause chromosome damage, cancer and other health problems. Large doses can be immediately fatal. Solar protons with energies greater than 30 MeV are particularly hazardous.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: Solar proton events can also produce elevated radiation aboard aircraft flying at high altitudes. Although these risks are small, flight crews may be exposed repeatedly, and monitoring of solar proton events by satellite instrumentation allows exposure to be monitored and evaluated, and eventually flight paths and altitudes to be adjusted to lower the absorbed dose.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: Ground level enhancements, also known as ground level events or GLEs, occur when a solar particle event contains particles with sufficient energy to have effects at ground level, mainly detected as an increase in the number of neutrons measured at ground level. These events have been shown to have an impact on radiation dosage, but they do not significantly increase the risk of cancer.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: There is a large but controversial body of scientific literature on connexions between geomagnetic storms and human health. This began with Russian papers, and the subject was subsequently studied by Western scientists. Theories for the cause include the involvement of cryptochrome, melatonin, the pineal gland, and the circadian rhythm.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Geomagnetic storm

Context: Some scientists suggest that solar storms induce whales to beach themselves. Some have speculated that migrating animals which use magnetoreception to navigate, such as birds and honey bees, might also be affected.

Question: 지자기 폭풍이 지구에 일어났을때 지구에선 어떤 현상이 일어나는가?


Context: The Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) is the national measurement standards laboratory for the Republic of Korea. It is a government-funded institute responsible for providing national measurement standards and advancing measurement technologies. KRISS is also an active member of the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM).

Question: 한국 표준과학연구원은 언제 설립 되었나요?


Context: In 1999, KRISS was officially designated to serve as the national metrology institute by the Framework Act on National Standards (Article 13). It maintains South Korea's primary measurement standards. The first woman to head the organization was Kwang Hwa Chung, who became president in 2005 and served through 2008.

Question: 한국 표준과학연구원은 언제 설립 되었나요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: was a Japanese politician who served in the House of Representatives from 1947 to 1990, and was Prime Minister of Japan from 1972 to 1974.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: He was nicknamed Kaku-san and was known as the . (The title of "Shadow "Shōgun"" has since been used to describe Ichirō Ozawa.) His political-economic direction is called the . He was strongly identified with the construction industry but never served as construction minister. His daughter Makiko Tanaka and son-in-law Naoki Tanaka remain active political figures in Japan.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: In 1937, while running errands for a construction firm, Tanaka ran into an elevator occupied by the Viscount Masatoshi Ōkōchi, head of the Riken corporation. Ōkōchi, apparently impressed with Tanaka's energy and ambition, agreed to help the young man start a drafting office in Tokyo. Japan did not have a state qualification for architects at the time; Tanaka would have a role in creating the licensing system for architects later in his career.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: The drafting office only kept Tanaka busy for two years: he was drafted into the army in 1939 and sent to Manchuria, where he served as an enlisted clerk in the Morioka Cavalry, reaching the rank of superior private ("jōtōhei") in March 1940. After two years in the military, he contracted pneumonia in February 1941 and was returned to Tokyo to recover; he never re-enlisted, leaving the army in October.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: Back in Japan, Tanaka ended up at the Sakamoto Civil Engineering firm, looking for office space to restart his drafting business. There, he met the late company president's widow, who not only gave him the real estate he needed, but also asked him to marry her daughter, Sakamoto Hana. Tanaka accepted, and married his way into the upper class.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: In 1942, Tanaka took over the Sakamoto company and renamed it Tanaka Civil Engineering and Construction Industries. He soon had two children: a son named Masanori Tanaka in 1942 (died 1948), and a daughter named Makiko Tanaka in 1944.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: Luck favored Tanaka during the endgame of World War II. None of his major buildings were damaged in the firebombing of Tokyo, and just weeks before the Japanese surrender, he travelled to Seoul and cashed in ¥15b (about US$78m) in Japanese war bonds. In December 1945, as the first postwar Diet was being planned by the American occupation authorities, Tanaka was able to give generous donations to an associate affiliated with the Japan Moderate Progressive Party ("Nihon Shinpoto").

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: In 1946, he moved from Tokyo to Niigata to prepare his first bid for a Diet seat: he worked around the election laws of the time by buying buildings throughout the district and placing large "TANAKA" signs on them. However, his bid unraveled at the last minute when three other JMPP candidates entered the race. Tanaka only captured 4% of the vote in the general election.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: The projects funded by Etsuzankai included the Tadami River hydroelectric power project, the New Shimizu Tunnel, and, perhaps most infamously, the Jōetsu Shinkansen high-speed rail line.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: During the 1950s, Tanaka brought Etsuzankai members to his residence in Tokyo by bus, met with each of them individually, and then provided them with tours of the Diet and Imperial Palace. This practice made Etsuzankai the most tightly knit political organization in Japanese history, and it also furthered Tanaka's increasingly gangster-like image.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: When Nobusuke Kishi became prime minister in 1957, Tanaka was given his first cabinet post, Minister of Posts and Telecommunications. In this role, he granted the first television broadcasting licenses in Japan.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: He already carried great influence in the LDP, despite his lack of seniority: this was partly because of his friendship with future prime minister Eisaku Satō, and partly because his stepdaughter had married future prime minister Hayato Ikeda's nephew, giving him a personal relationship with both key heads of the party.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: Under Ikeda's cabinet, Tanaka became chairman of the Policy Affairs Research Council, and eventually Minister of Finance. Tanaka's term as minister of finance saw some of the highest economic growth in Japanese history. When Satō became prime minister in 1965, Tanaka was slated to become the LDP's new secretary general, but the emergence of the Black Mist Scandal, where Tanaka was accused of shady land deals in Tokyo, meant that Takeo Fukuda got the job instead.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: Fukuda and Tanaka soon became the two battling heir apparents of Satō's faction, and their rivalry was dubbed by the Japanese press as the "Kaku-Fuku War." Despite the scandal, Tanaka made a record showing in the 1967 general election, and Satō re-appointed him as secretary general, moving Fukuda to the post of finance minister. In 1971, Satō gave Tanaka another important stepping stone to taking over the government: minister of international trade and industry.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: As head of MITI, Tanaka gained public support again by standing up to U.S. negotiators who wanted Japan to impose export caps on several products. He had so many contacts within the American diplomatic corps that he was said to have played a larger role in the repatriation of Okinawa than Satō himself.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: In June 1971, he published his book, "Theory of Remodeling the Japanese Islands." He made a de facto government pledge with the purpose of "promoting regional decentralization". This book initially sold 910,000 copies, partly because Tanaka later took the position of prime minister, and was ranked fourth in the year. It became a best seller.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: Although Satō wanted Fukuda to become the next prime minister, Tanaka's popularity, along with support from the factions of Yasuhiro Nakasone and Masayoshi Ōhira, gave him a 282–190 victory over Fukuda in the LDP's 1971 party president election. He entered the office with the highest popularity rating of any new premier in Japanese history.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: During 1973 and 1974, Tanaka visited the United States, France, Britain, West Germany, Italy, the Soviet Union, the Philippines, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia. He appeared on the US television program "Meet the Press" to have a direct dialogue with Americans during his visit to the US in July/August 1973. His visit to Europe was the first visit by a Japanese prime minister since 1962, and his visit to the USSR was the first since 1956.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: The Japanese economy, and thus Tanaka's popularity, was severely hurt by the inflationary effects of the 1973 oil crisis.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: In October 1974, the popular "Bungeishunjū" magazine published an article detailing how businesspeople close to Tanaka had profited by setting up paper companies to purchase land in remote areas immediately prior to the announcement of public works projects nearby. Although this implied a degree of corruption, none of the activity detailed was actually illegal.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: The Tanaka faction supported Takeo Miki's "clean government" bid to become prime minister, and Tanaka once again became a rank-and-file Diet member.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: In the "Second Lockheed Election" of December 1983, Tanaka retained his Diet seat by an unprecedented margin, winning more votes than any other candidate in the country. The LDP performed poorly, and Prime Minister Nakasone publicly vowed to distance the party from Tanaka's politics, stating that the party should be "cleansed" with a new code of ethics. Nakasone placed six members of the Tanaka faction on his 1984 cabinet, including future prime minister Noboru Takeshita.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: Tanaka remained in convalescence through the election of 1986, where he retained his Diet seat. On New Year's Day of 1987, he made his first public appearance since the stroke, and was clearly in poor condition: half of his face was paralyzed, and he was grossly overweight. The Tokyo High Court dismissed Tanaka's appeal on 29 July 1987, and the original sentence passed down in 1983 was reinstated. Tanaka immediately posted bail and appealed to the Supreme Court.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: Meanwhile, despite Nikaido's efforts, by July 1987 the Takeshita faction counted 113 of the 143 Tanaka faction members, while only thirteen supported Nikaido. The Tanaka faction members who moved to Takeshita's faction included Ichirō Ozawa, Tsutomu Hata, Ryutaro Hashimoto, Keizō Obuchi and Kozo Watanabe. Takeshita won the LDP leadership election in November 1987 and served as prime minister until resigning amid the Recruit scandal in June 1989.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Kakuei Tanaka

Context: Tanaka was later diagnosed with diabetes, and died of pneumonia at Keio University Hospital at 2:04 p.m. on 16 December 1993. Following his death, his home in northern Tokyo was "besieged" by supporters and journalists.

Question: 다나카 가쿠에이 생일은 언젠가요?


Catholic Church by country

Context: The Catholic Church is "the Catholic Communion of Churches, both Roman and Eastern, or Oriental, that are in full communion with the Bishop of Rome (the pope)." The church is also known by members as the People of God, the Body of Christ, the "Temple of the Holy Spirit", among other names. According to Vatican II's , the "church has but one sole purpose–that the kingdom of God may come and the salvation of the human race may be accomplished."

Question: 2019년 기독교 비율이 가장 높은 나라는 어디인가?


Catholic Church by country

Context: The Catholic Church is the "world's oldest continuously functioning "international" institution." It is also the largest non-government provider of education and health care in the world, while the diplomatic status of the Holy See facilitates the access of its vast international network of charities. Some of these entities include 5,000 hospitals, 10,000 orphanages, 95,000 elementary schools, and 47,000 secondary schools.

Question: 2019년 기독교 비율이 가장 높은 나라는 어디인가?


Catholic Church by country

Context: According to the CIA Factbook and the Pew Research Center, the five countries with the largest number of Catholics are, in decreasing order of Catholic population :

Question: 2019년 기독교 비율이 가장 높은 나라는 어디인가?


Catholic Church by country

Context: The country where the membership of the church is the largest percentage of the population is Vatican City at 100%, followed by East Timor at 97%.

Question: 2019년 기독교 비율이 가장 높은 나라는 어디인가?


Catholic Church by country

Context: According to the Census of the 2020 "Annuario Pontificio" (Pontifical Yearbook), the number of baptized Catholics in the world was about 1.329 billion at the end of 2018. The research initiative Catholics & Cultures compiles data on Catholic demographics, including from the Annuario Pontificio, by country.

Question: 2019년 기독교 비율이 가장 높은 나라는 어디인가?


Catholic Church by country

Context: These percentages were calculated by using the above numbers. The first percentage, 4th column, is the percentage of population that is Catholic in a region (number in the region x 100 / total population of the region). The last column shows the national Catholic percentage compared to the total Catholic population of the world (number in the region x 100 / total RC population of the world).

Question: 2019년 기독교 비율이 가장 높은 나라는 어디인가?


Hinduism in India

Context: Apart from this, there are 10 States/Union Territory of Hindu majorities. With Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal having more than 70 percent of population.

Question: 힌두교 비율이 가장 높은 나라는 어디인가?


Hinduism in India

Context: Among the community, it is estimated that Forward castes comprise 26 per cent, Other Backward Classes comprise 43%, Scheduled Castes (Dalits) comprises 22% and Scheduled Tribes (Adivasis) comprise 9%.

Question: 힌두교 비율이 가장 높은 나라는 어디인가?


Hinduism in India

Context: Two districts in West Bengal, Malda and North Dinajpur, had a Hindu majority in 2001 census which, by the time of the 2011 census, had become a Hindu minority or plurality. The percentage of Hindu population in the state has decreased from 78.45% in 1951 to 70.54% in 2011. Another district, Murshidabad, is a Muslim majority district where the Muslim population steadily increased from 55.24% in 1951 to 66.27% in 2011.

Question: 힌두교 비율이 가장 높은 나라는 어디인가?


Hinduism in India

Context: The proportion of Hindus in the Saharanpur district was 59.49% in 2001. This had declined to 56.74% by 2011 – a drop of 2.75%. At the same time the Muslim population proportion increased from 39.11% in 2001 to 41.95% in 2011.

Question: 힌두교 비율이 가장 높은 나라는 어디인가?


Hinduism in India

Context: A study on population composition of Assam reveals that the Hindu population proportion in Assam has declined from 70.78% in 1951 to 61.47% in 2011. In 1891, the Muslim population proportion in Assam was only about 5%, but by the 2001 census it had risen to above 30% and by 2011 to above 34% of the total Assam population. According to the 2001 census, there were six Muslim-majority districts in Assam, which increased to nine by the time of the 2011 census.

Question: 힌두교 비율이 가장 높은 나라는 어디인가?


Hinduism in India

Context: The population of Hindus in Kerala has more than doubled from 8,344,351 in 1951 to 18,282,492 in 2011 census, but the share of Hindu population has dropped from 68.5% in 1901 to 54.7% in 2011.

Question: 힌두교 비율이 가장 높은 나라는 어디인가?


Hinduism in India

Context: A decrease in the 1991–2001 period is observed in Manipur, from 57% to 52% population share, where there has been a resurgence of the indigenous Sanamahi religion. The Hindu Population share in Manipur decreased also in 2001–2011 from 52% to 41.4%. The religious conversion of Hindus to Christianity and migration of Christians from Nagaland are considered as the reason for this decrease in Hindu population.

Question: 힌두교 비율이 가장 높은 나라는 어디인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: Coming out to family and friends is seldom undertaken by LGBT people in Indonesia, as they are afraid of rejection and social backlash. Nevertheless, there are some rare examples of understanding and acceptance by the families of LGBT persons.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: Currently, unlike neighbouring Malaysia, Indonesia does not explicitly have a sodomy law. The national Criminal Code does not prohibit private, non-commercial homosexual relations between consenting adults. A national bill to criminalise homosexuality, along with cohabitation, adultery and the practice of witchcraft, failed to be enacted in 2003 and no subsequent bill has been reintroduced.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: While Indonesia has allowed private and consensual sexual relations between persons of the same sex, it used to have higher age of consent for same-sex relations than for heterosexual relations since 1993 (17 for heterosexuals and 18 for homosexuals).

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: The Constitution does not explicitly address sexual orientation or gender identity. It does guarantee all citizens various legal rights, including equality before the law, equal opportunity, humane treatment in the workplace, religious freedom, freedom of opinion, peaceful assembly, and association.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: While homosexuality itself is legal, the government has taken specific steps to censor films and other media content that is deemed to be "promoting" homosexuality. In 2016, the government announced plans to ban several websites and computer applications that promotes homosexuality.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: The most active opposition against the recognition of LGBT rights in Indonesia has come from religious authorities and pressure-groups, especially Islamic organisations. Indonesian Ulema Council ("Majelis Ulama Indonesia" or MUI) has made a statement, which stigmatised the LGBT population by declaring them "deviant" and an affront to the "dignity of Indonesia".

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: In March 2015, Indonesian Ulema Council ("Majelis Ulama Indonesia" or MUI) issued a "fatwa", or religious edict, called for same-sex acts to be punished by caning, and in some instances, the death penalty. The fatwa considers homosexuality a curable disease and says homosexual acts "must be heavily punished."

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: Indonesian People's Representative Council (DPR) has dismissed the suggestion that the death penalty would be introduced for same-sex acts, citing that it is quite impossible to implement that policy in Indonesia. The DPR said that the MUI fatwa only serves as moral guidance to adherents, not as positive law, since legal power is only possessed by the state.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: In March 2016, the wake of surging anti-LGBT sentiments which started in early in 2016,parties like the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) and the United Development Party (PPP) proposed an anti-LGBT bill to ban LGBT rights activism and criminalise LGBT behaviour. Various politicians made statements against the LGBT community in following months that year.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: In late November 2016, the Islamic Defenders Front (FPI) tipped off police in Jakarta that there was a "sex party". The police then raided the gay gathering, charging the men with violating the national law against pornography, which is very broadly written.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: Since January 2018, as part of revising the criminal code, lawmakers have been working on a criminal code draft. Despite the international criticism and the human rights organisations fears, if passed, the law would criminalise consensual sex between two unmarried people, cohabitation, adultery and rape. It will also enable lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender people to be taken to court for their sexual orientation.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: There is no military law that clearly states that LGBT people are prohibited from joining the military. However, several soldiers were fired because they were caught having same-sex sexual activity under the ST/1648–2019 telegram.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: Same-sex couples are not eligible to adopt a child in Indonesia. Only married couples consisting of a husband and a wife can adopt.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: Even though the Indonesian law requires only married couples consisting a husband and a wife can adopt, adoption by single people regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity is allowed and there has been no laws prohibiting it .

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: As of 2019, no specific law exists to protect Indonesia citizens from discrimination or harassment based on their sexual orientation or gender identity. Nevertheless, government agencies are slowly starting to enact anti-discrimination policies. The Attorney General's Office recently rescinded a public job offer declaring LGBT persons need not apply because of mental insanity after being advised by the National Commission on Human Rights.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: Indonesia does have a reputation as being a relatively moderate and tolerant Muslim nation, which does have some application to LGBT people. There are some LGBT people in the media, and the national government has allowed a discreet LGBT community to exist, who sometimes organises public events. However, conservative Islamic social mores tend to dominate within the broader society. Homosexuality and cross-dressing remain taboo and periodically LGBT people become the targets of fanatical vigilante groups.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: In January 2018, the Aceh police ransacked a parlour with support from the Aceh autonomous government. The police tortured all LGBT citizens within the premises of the parlour, shaved the heads of transgender women, stripped their shirts and bras, and paraded them in the street while forcing them to shout "to become men". The event was criticised by human rights organisation.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: According to Planet Romeo in 2015, Indonesia has a low abuse rate toward LGBT people. Indonesia ranked 73 on Gay Happiness Index, surpassing Malaysia at 77 and India at 81. Low public opinions is the reason why Indonesia is ranked low, despite having bigger public behaviour score comparing countries that ranked higher than Indonesia.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: The "Law Against Pornography and Pornoaction (2006)" prohibits "…any writing or audio-visual presentation – including songs, poetry, films, paintings, and photographs that show or suggest sexual relations between persons of the same sex." Those in violation of the law could be fined or sentenced to prison for up to seven years. However, the media is now giving homosexuality more media coverage in Indonesia.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: In February 2016, the public discourse and debates on homosexuality and LGBT issues intensified with the occurrence of high-profile cases of alleged homosexual misconducts, involving Indonesian celebrities. First, an accusation of sexual approach and harassment by TV personality Indra Bekti upon several men. Followed by the case of dangdut singer Saiful Jamil, who has been named a suspect in a sexual assault involving an underage male fan.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: In 1982, the first gay rights interest group was established in Indonesia. "Lambda Indonesia" and other similar organisations arose in the late 1980s and 1990s. Today, some of the major LGBT associations in the nation include "GAYa NUSANTARA" and "Arus Pelangi".

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: Yogyakarta, Indonesia, hosted a 2006 summit on LGBT rights that produced the Yogyakarta Principles on the Application of International Human Rights Law in Relation to Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity. However, a summit in March 2010 in Surabaya was met with condemnation from the Islamic Defenders Front and was disrupted by conservative protesters.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: The comic "Alpantuni" depicts a gay Indonesian character who faces anti-LGBT sentiment featuring Muslim characters. Its Instagram account later was shut down by authorities. However, he was able to reactivate it later.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: The Indonesia Psychiatric Association (PDSKJI) classifies homosexuality, bisexuality and transgenderism as mental disorders. Referring to "Law No.18/2014 on Mental Health" and the association's Mental Health and Mental Disorder Diagnostic Guidelines, the PDSKJI categorises homosexual and bisexual Indonesians as "people with psychiatric problems" and transgender people as having "mental disorders".

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: Some military figures have used conspiracy theory rhetoric. Defense Minister Ryamizard Ryacudu called the LGBT movement a "proxy war" to brainwash Indonesians, and claimed that it received "foreign funding", pointing to funds from United Nations organisations like UNAIDS or Western governments and foundations.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: There have been a few incidents of LGBT people being harassed. LGBT groups are now working on setting up safe houses and draw up evacuation plans in case of need. In Yogyakarta, in February 2016, 23 LGBT activists were roughed up by police, who told local media they stopped them from holding a rally to avoid a clash with a hardline Muslim group holding an anti-LGBT protest nearby.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: In 2018, the city of Pariaman in Sumatra passed a public indecency law to fine its gay and transgender residents 1m Indonesian rupiah ($70) for disturbing "public order" by banning "acts that are considered LGBT" in public. The regulation forbids "immoral acts" between same-sex couples and prohibits residents from "acting as a transvestite" in public. Several cities in West Sumatra have taken steps to marginalise LGBT groups.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: In June 2019, the head of Indonesia's population and family planning agency Nofrijal has labelled LGBT citizens the "main enemy of national development".

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: Results online conducted by the ILGA in October 2016 shows that 69% of Indonesians oppose same-sex marriage, 14% support, while 17% have stated a neutral view.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: According to the SMRC national survey, 46% of Indonesians would accept if their family members came out as a part of the LGBT community, but the proportion who said "wouldn't accept" was slightly higher.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


LGBT rights in Indonesia

Context: At a census conducted by the Pew Research center in 2019, it was reported that 9% of Indonesians believed that homosexuality should be accepted by society, an increase from only 3% in 2013.

Question: 인도네시아에서는 동성결혼이 합법적인가?


Western world

Context: The concept of the Western part of the earth has its roots in the theological, methodological and emphatical division between the Western Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: Running parallel to both the rise of the United States as a great power, and the development of communication and transportation technologies "shrinking" the distance between both shores of the Atlantic Ocean, the aforementioned country became more prominently featured in conceptualizations of the West.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: By the mid-20th century, Western culture was exported worldwide through the emergent mass media: film, radio, television and recorded music; and the development and growth of international transport and telecommunication (such as transatlantic cable and the radiotelephone) played a decisive role in modern globalization.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: In modern usage, the expression 'western democracy' has also often been used in relation to International relations rather than history and culture, referring to Liberal democracies with a close alliance to the United States. In the context, countries such as Japan and South Korea would also typically be included.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: The knowledge of the ancient "Western world" was partly preserved during this period due to the survival of the Eastern Roman Empire and the introduction of the Catholic Church; it was also greatly expanded by the Arab importation of both the Ancient Greco-Roman and new technology through the Arabs from India and China to Europe.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: Roman Catholic Western and Central Europe, as such, maintained a distinct identity particularly as it began to redevelop during the Renaissance. Even following the Protestant Reformation, Protestant Europe continued to see itself as more tied to Roman Catholic Europe than other parts of the perceived "civilized world".

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: According to a few writers, the future conquest of parts of the Roman Empire by Germanic peoples and the subsequent dominance by the Western Christian Papacy (which held combined political and spiritual authority, a state of affairs absent from Greek civilization in all its stages), resulted in a rupture of the previously existing ties between the Latin West and Greek thought, including Christian Greek thought.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: The Eastern Roman Empire, governed from Constantinople, is usually referred to as the Byzantine Empire after AD 476, the traditional date for the fall of the Roman Empire and beginning of the Early Middle Ages. The Eastern Roman Empire surviving the fall of the Western protected Roman legal and cultural traditions, combining them with Greek and Christian elements, for another thousand years more. The name Byzantine Empire was first used centuries later, after the Byzantine Empire ended.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: The Eastern Roman Empire included lands south-west of the Black Sea and bordering on the Eastern Mediterranean and parts of the Adriatic Sea. This division into Eastern and Western Roman Empires was later reflected in the administration of the Roman Catholic and Eastern Greek Orthodox churches, with Rome and Constantinople debating over whether either city was the capital of Western religion.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: The Holy Roman Empire would dissolve on 6 August 1806, after the French Revolution and the creation of the Confederation of the Rhine by Napoleon.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: Both these religious wars ended with the Peace of Westphalia (1648), which enshrined the concept of the nation-state, and the principle of absolute national sovereignty in international law. As European influence spread across the globe, these Westphalian principles, especially the concept of sovereign states, became central to international law and to the prevailing world order.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: The concepts of a world of nation-states born by the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, coupled with the ideologies of the Enlightenment, the coming of modernity, the Scientific Revolution and the Industrial Revolution, would produce powerful social transformations, political and economic institutions that have come to influence (or been imposed upon) most nations of the world today. Historians agree that the Industrial Revolution has been one of the most important events in history.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: The course of three centuries since Christopher Columbus' late 15th century's voyages, of deportation of slaves from Africa and British dominant northern-Atlantic location, later developed into modern-day United States of America, evolving from the ratification of the Constitution of the United States by thirteen States on the North American East Coast before end of the 18th century.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: At the close of the Spanish–American War in 1898 the Philippines, Puerto Rico, Guam and Cuba were ceded to the United States under the terms of the Treaty of Paris. The US quickly emerged as the new imperial power in East Asia and in the Pacific Ocean area. The Philippines continued to fight against colonial rule in the Philippine–American War.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: Many anthropologists, sociologists and historians oppose "the West and the Rest" in a categorical manner. The same has been done by Malthusian demographers with a sharp distinction between European and non-European family systems. Among anthropologists, this includes Durkheim, Dumont, and Lévi-Strauss.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: Since the fall of the iron curtain the following countries are generally accepted as the Western world: the United States, Canada; the countries of the European Union plus UK, Norway, Iceland and Switzerland; Australia and New Zealand.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: In modern usage, "Western world" refers to Europe and to areas whose populations largely originate from Europe, through the Age of Discovery's imperialism.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: Christianity remains the dominant religion in the "Western world", where 70% are Christians. A 2011 Pew Research Center survey found that 76.2% of Europeans, 73.3% in Oceania, and about 86.0% in the Americas (90% in Latin America and the Caribbean and 77.4% in Northern America) described themselves as Christians.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: Countries in the "Western world" are also the most keen on digital and televisual media technologies, as they were in the postwar period on television and radio: from 2000 to 2014, the Internet's market penetration in the "West" was twice that in non-"Western" regions. Wikipedia has been blocked intermittently in China since 2004.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Western world

Context: The theologian and paleontologist Pierre Teilhard de Chardin conceived of the West as the set of civilizations descended from the Nile Valley Civilization of Egypt.

Question: 서양이란 아메리카를 뜻하는가 아니면 유럽을 뜻하는가?


Spacecraft

Context: A spacecraft is a vehicle or machine designed to fly in outer space. A type of artificial satellite, spacecraft are used for a variety of purposes, including communications, Earth observation, meteorology, navigation, space colonization, planetary exploration, and transportation of humans and cargo. All spacecraft except single-stage-to-orbit vehicles cannot get into space on their own, and require a launch vehicle (carrier rocket).

Question: 세상에서 가장 오래된 우주선은 무엇인가?


Spacecraft

Context: Orbital spacecraft may be recoverable or not. Most are not. Recoverable spacecraft may be subdivided by a method of reentry to Earth into non-winged space capsules and winged spaceplanes. Recoverable spacecraft may be reusable (can be launched again or several times, like the SpaceX Dragon and the Space Shuttle orbiters) or expendable (like the Soyuz). In recent years, more space agencies are tending towards reusable spacecraft.

Question: 세상에서 가장 오래된 우주선은 무엇인가?


Spacecraft

Context: While Sputnik 1 was the first spacecraft to orbit the Earth, other man-made objects had previously reached an altitude of 100 km, which is the height required by the international organization Fédération Aéronautique Internationale to count as a spaceflight. This altitude is called the Kármán line. In particular, in the 1940s there were several test launches of the V-2 rocket, some of which reached altitudes well over 100 km.

Question: 세상에서 가장 오래된 우주선은 무엇인가?


Spacecraft

Context: The first crewed spacecraft was Vostok 1, which carried Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin into space in 1961, and completed a full Earth orbit. There were five other crewed missions which used a Vostok spacecraft. The second crewed spacecraft was named "Freedom 7", and it performed a sub-orbital spaceflight in 1961 carrying American astronaut Alan Shepard to an altitude of just over . There were five other crewed missions using Mercury spacecraft.

Question: 세상에서 가장 오래된 우주선은 무엇인가?


Spacecraft

Context: The International Space Station, crewed since November 2000, is a joint venture between Russia, the United States, Canada and several other countries.

Question: 세상에서 가장 오래된 우주선은 무엇인가?


Spacecraft

Context: Spaceplanes are spacecraft are built in the shape of, and function as, airplanes. The first example of such was the North American X-15 spaceplane, which conducted two crewed flights which reached an altitude of over 100 km in the 1960s. This first reusable spacecraft was air-launched on a suborbital trajectory on July 19, 1963.

Question: 세상에서 가장 오래된 우주선은 무엇인가?


Spacecraft

Context: Scaled Composites' SpaceShipOne was a reusable suborbital spaceplane that carried pilots Mike Melvill and Brian Binnie on consecutive flights in 2004 to win the Ansari X Prize. The Spaceship Company will build its successor SpaceShipTwo. A fleet of SpaceShipTwos operated by Virgin Galactic was planned to begin reusable private spaceflight carrying paying passengers in 2014, but was delayed after the crash of VSS "Enterprise".

Question: 세상에서 가장 오래된 우주선은 무엇인가?


Spacecraft

Context: A spacecraft astrionics system comprises different subsystems, depending on the mission profile. Spacecraft subsystems comprise the spacecraft's "bus" and may include attitude determination and control (variously called ADAC, ADC, or ACS), guidance, navigation and control (GNC or GN&C), communications (comms), command and data handling (CDH or C&DH), power (EPS), thermal control (TCS), propulsion, and structures. Attached to the bus are typically payloads.

Question: 세상에서 가장 오래된 우주선은 무엇인가?


Spacecraft

Context: A Spacecraft needs an attitude control subsystem to be correctly oriented in space and respond to external torques and forces properly. The attitude control subsystem consists of sensors and actuators, together with controlling algorithms. The attitude-control subsystem permits proper pointing for the science objective, sun pointing for power to the solar arrays and earth pointing for communications.

Question: 세상에서 가장 오래된 우주선은 무엇인가?


Spacecraft

Context: Guidance refers to the calculation of the commands (usually done by the CDH subsystem) needed to steer the spacecraft where it is desired to be. Navigation means determining a spacecraft's orbital elements or position. Control means adjusting the path of the spacecraft to meet mission requirements.

Question: 세상에서 가장 오래된 우주선은 무엇인가?


Spacecraft

Context: Spacecraft, both robotic and crewed, utilize various communications systems for communication with terrestrial stations as well as for communication between spacecraft in space. Technologies utilized include RF and optical communication. In addition, some spacecraft payloads are explicitly for the purpose of ground–ground communication using receiver/retransmitter electronic technologies.

Question: 세상에서 가장 오래된 우주선은 무엇인가?


Spacecraft

Context: Spacecraft must be engineered to withstand launch loads imparted by the launch vehicle, and must have a point of attachment for all the other subsystems. Depending on mission profile, the structural subsystem might need to withstand loads imparted by entry into the atmosphere of another planetary body, and landing on the surface of another planetary body.

Question: 세상에서 가장 오래된 우주선은 무엇인가?


Spacecraft

Context: The payload depends on the mission of the spacecraft, and is typically regarded as the part of the spacecraft "that pays the bills". Typical payloads could include scientific instruments (cameras, telescopes, or particle detectors, for example), cargo, or a human crew.

Question: 세상에서 가장 오래된 우주선은 무엇인가?


Spacecraft

Context: The ground segment, though not technically part of the spacecraft, is vital to the operation of the spacecraft. Typical components of a ground segment in use during normal operations include a mission operations facility where the flight operations team conducts the operations of the spacecraft, a data processing and storage facility, ground stations to radiate signals to and receive signals from the spacecraft, and a voice and data communications network to connect all mission elements.

Question: 세상에서 가장 오래된 우주선은 무엇인가?


Spacecraft

Context: The launch vehicle propels the spacecraft from Earth's surface, through the atmosphere, and into an orbit, the exact orbit being dependent on the mission configuration. The launch vehicle may be expendable or reusable.

Question: 세상에서 가장 오래된 우주선은 무엇인가?


Radio telescope

Context: The increasing use of radio frequencies for communication makes astronomical observations more and more difficult (see Open spectrum).

Question: 누가 최초의 전파 망원경을 제작했나요?


Radio telescope

Context: Negotiations to defend the frequency allocation for parts of the spectrum most useful for observing the universe are coordinated in the Scientific Committee on Frequency Allocations for Radio Astronomy and Space Science.

Question: 누가 최초의 전파 망원경을 제작했나요?


Radio telescope

Context: The largest individual radio telescope of any kind is the RATAN-600 located near Nizhny Arkhyz, Russia, which consists of a 576-meter circle of rectangular radio reflectors, each of which can be pointed towards a central conical receiver.

Question: 누가 최초의 전파 망원경을 제작했나요?


Radio telescope

Context: A more typical radio telescope has a single antenna of about 25 meters diameter. Dozens of radio telescopes of about this size are operated in radio observatories all over the world.

Question: 누가 최초의 전파 망원경을 제작했나요?


Radio telescope

Context: Since 1965, humans have launched three space-based radio telescopes. The first one, KRT-10, was attached to Salyut 6 orbital space station in 1979. In 1997, Japan sent the second, HALCA. The last one was sent by Russia in 2011 called Spektr-R.

Question: 누가 최초의 전파 망원경을 제작했나요?


Radio telescope

Context: The world's largest physically connected telescope, the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), is planned to start operations in 2025.

Question: 누가 최초의 전파 망원경을 제작했나요?


Radio telescope

Context: Many astronomical objects are not only observable in visible light but also emit radiation at radio wavelengths. Besides observing energetic objects such as pulsars and quasars, radio telescopes are able to "image" most astronomical objects such as galaxies, nebulae, and even radio emissions from planets.

Question: 누가 최초의 전파 망원경을 제작했나요?


History of Emirates (airline)

Context: By the early 1990s, Emirates was among the world's fastest-growing airlines; revenue increased approximately US$100 million each year, approaching US$500 million in the year 1993. The airline carried 1.6 million passengers and 68,000 tons of cargo in the same year.

Question: 에미레이츠 항공이 설립된 년도는 언제인가?


History of Emirates (airline)

Context: Emirates started offering round-the-world services from autumn 1993, after a partnership was established with US Airways. It previously had co-operation agreements with Cyprus Airways.

Question: 에미레이츠 항공이 설립된 년도는 언제인가?


History of Emirates (airline)

Context: At the 2003 Paris Air Show, Emirates signed an order for 71 aircraft at a cost of US$19 billion. The order included firm purchase orders for a further 21 Airbus A380-800s and lease orders for two A380-800s. Emirates also announced operating lease orders for 26 Boeing 777-300ERs.

Question: 에미레이츠 항공이 설립된 년도는 언제인가?


History of Emirates (airline)

Context: In 2007, Emirates made an order worth over $34.9 billion, at the Dubai Air Show. The airline signed contracts for 120 Airbus A350s, 11 A380s and 12 Boeing 777-300ERs. By opening flights to São Paulo in 2007, Emirates began the first non-stop flight between the Middle East and South America; it also began operations of its $120 million Flight Catering Centre at Dubai Airport.

Question: 에미레이츠 항공이 설립된 년도는 언제인가?


History of Emirates (airline)

Context: In 2009, Emirates became the world's largest operator of the Boeing 777 with the delivery of its 78th example of the type. In 2010, at the Farnborough Airshow, the airline placed an order for 30 Boeing 777s, worth $9.1 billion, bringing total spending for aircraft in the year to over $25 billion. In 2011, at the Dubai Airshow, Emirates placed another order for another 50 777s, worth about $18 billion.

Question: 에미레이츠 항공이 설립된 년도는 언제인가?


History of Emirates (airline)

Context: Emirates has also been criticized over the way it utilises its staff. In a 2015 "Wall Street Journal" report, "a dozen current and former Emirates pilots and U.A.E. aviation officials ... said pilots are flying more hours than before and are subjected to onerous procedures to report sickness or fatigue, discouraging them from doing so." The report stated that the airline frequently underreported pilot duty time to the General Civil Aviation Authority.

Question: 에미레이츠 항공이 설립된 년도는 언제인가?


History of Emirates (airline)

Context: In February 2009, Emirates raised many issues concerning its A380s. Emirates informed Airbus officials about heat-damaged power cables, defective engines and numerous malfunctions, many reportedly caused by the aircraft's two showers.

Question: 에미레이츠 항공이 설립된 년도는 언제인가?


History of Emirates (airline)

Context: At the 2010 Berlin Air Show, Emirates ordered an additional 32 A380s worth US$11.5 billion. Emirates expected all of its 90 A380s ordered to be delivered by 2017. None of the additional 32 jets were intended to replace existing A380s; although Emirates received its first A380 in 2008, it does not expect to retire these early airframes before 2020.

Question: 에미레이츠 항공이 설립된 년도는 언제인가?


History of Emirates (airline)

Context: In 2010, Emirates said it planned to operate over 120 Airbus A380s when new airport space is available. The target implied a future Emirates order for 30 A380s, worth US$10 billion at list prices, at an unspecified date.

Question: 에미레이츠 항공이 설립된 년도는 언제인가?


History of Emirates (airline)

Context: On 17 November 2013, Emirates announced at a press conference at the Dubai Airshow that it was placing an order for an additional 50 Airbus A380-800s, bringing the overall order total to 140.

Question: 에미레이츠 항공이 설립된 년도는 언제인가?


History of Emirates (airline)

Context: On 9 April 2015, Emirates CEO and President Tim Clark confirmed that the airline would adopt a two-class A380 with first class removed to make way for 615 passengers across business and economy class cabins. The first commercial service of an aircraft in this cabin configuration was a flight from Dubai to Copenhagen on 1 December 2015.

Question: 에미레이츠 항공이 설립된 년도는 언제인가?


History of Emirates (airline)

Context: Emirates is the largest operator of the A380, with the 100th A380 joining its fleet in November 2017.

Question: 에미레이츠 항공이 설립된 년도는 언제인가?


History of Emirates (airline)

Context: On 18 January 2018, it was reported that Emirates had placed an order for 20 A380s with options for 16 more with deliveries to start in 2020.

Question: 에미레이츠 항공이 설립된 년도는 언제인가?


History of Emirates (airline)

Context: Dubai International Airport's Terminal 3 was built exclusively for the use of Emirates at a cost of $4.5 billion and officially opened 14 October 2008. Terminal 3 is the second largest building in the world by floor space, with over of space. It is second only to the Boeing Everett Factory.The terminal has annual capacity of 43 million passengers. The new concourse A opened on 2 January 2013 and is built exclusively for the A380-800.

Question: 에미레이츠 항공이 설립된 년도는 언제인가?


History of Emirates (airline)

Context: In May 2011, Paul Griffiths, chief executive of Dubai Airports revealed that Emirates will eventually take over the operation of Concourse C, along with Concourses B and A.

Question: 에미레이츠 항공이 설립된 년도는 언제인가?


Gulf War

Context: The Gulf War was an armed campaign waged by a United States-led coalition of 35 countries against Iraq in response to the Iraqi invasion and annexation of Kuwait.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: The war marked the introduction of live news broadcasts from the front lines of the battle, principally by the U.S. network CNN. It has also earned the nickname "Video Game War" after the daily broadcast of images from cameras onboard American bombers during Operation Desert Storm. The Gulf War has gained notoriety for including three of the largest tank battles in American military history.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: The war is also known under other names, such as the Persian Gulf War, First Gulf War, Kuwait War, First Iraq War, or Iraq War before the term "Iraq War" became identified instead with the 2003 Iraq War (also referred to in the U.S. as "Operation Iraqi Freedom"). The war was named "the mother of all battles أمّ المعارك" by Iraqi officials.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: Throughout the Cold War, Iraq had been an ally of the Soviet Union, and there was a history of friction between Iraq and the United States. The US was concerned with Iraq's position on Israeli–Palestinian politics. The US also disliked Iraqi support for Palestinian militant groups, which led to Iraq's inclusion on the developing US list of State Sponsors of Terrorism in December 1979.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: On the 25th, Saddam met with April Glaspie, the US Ambassador to Iraq, in Baghdad. The Iraqi leader attacked American policy with regards to Kuwait and the UAE:

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: Saddam stated that he would attempt last-ditch negotiations with the Kuwaitis but Iraq "would not accept death."

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: According to Glaspie's own account, she stated in reference to the precise border between Kuwait and Iraq, "...  that she had served in Kuwait 20 years before; 'then, as now, we took no position on these Arab affairs'." Glaspie similarly believed that war was not imminent.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: On 26 July 1990, only a few days before the Iraqi invasion, OPEC officials said that Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates had agreed to a proposal to limit their oil output to per day, "down from the nearly 2 million barrels a day they had each been pumping," thus potentially settling differences over oil policy between Kuwait and Iraq.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: The result of the Jeddah talks was an Iraqi demand for $10 billion to cover the lost revenues from Rumaila; Kuwait offered $500 million. The Iraqi response was to immediately order an invasion, which started on 2 August 1990 with the bombing of Kuwait's capital, Kuwait City.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: Before the invasion, the Kuwaiti military was believed to have numbered 16,000 men, arranged into three armored, one mechanized infantry and one under-strength artillery brigade. The pre-war strength of the Kuwait Air Force was around 2,200 Kuwaiti personnel, with 80 fixed-wing aircraft and 40 helicopters. In spite of Iraqi saber rattling, Kuwait did not mobilize its force; the army had been stood-down on 19 July, and during the Iraqi invasion many Kuwaiti military personnel were on leave.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: Kuwaiti aircraft scrambled to meet the invading force, but approximately 20% were lost or captured. A few combat sorties were flown against Iraqi ground forces.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: The main Iraqi thrust into Kuwait City was conducted by commandos deployed by helicopters and boats to attack the city from the sea, while other divisions seized the airports and two airbases. The Iraqis attacked the Dasman Palace, the Royal Residence of Kuwait's Emir, Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, which was defended by the Emiri Guard supported with M-84 tanks. In the process, the Iraqis killed Fahad Al-Ahmed Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, the Emir's youngest brother.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: Kuwaitis founded a local armed resistance movement following the Iraqi occupation of Kuwait. The Kuwaiti resistance's casualty rate far exceeded that of the coalition military forces and Western hostages. The resistance predominantly consisted of ordinary citizens who lacked any form of training and supervision.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: On 6 August, Resolution 661 placed economic sanctions on Iraq. Resolution 665 followed soon after, which authorized a naval blockade to enforce the sanctions. It said the "use of measures commensurate to the specific circumstances as may be necessary ... to halt all inward and outward maritime shipping in order to inspect and verify their cargoes and destinations and to ensure strict implementation of resolution 661."

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: The US administration had at first been indecisive with an "undertone ... of resignation to the invasion and even adaptation to it as a fait accompli" until the UK's prime minister Margaret Thatcher played a powerful role, reminding the President that appeasement in the 1930s had led to war, that Saddam would have the whole Gulf at his mercy along with 65 percent of the world's oil supply, and famously urging President Bush "not to go wobbly".

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: Once persuaded, US officials insisted on a total Iraqi pullout from Kuwait, without any linkage to other Middle Eastern problems, accepting the British view that any concessions would strengthen Iraqi influence in the region for years to come.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: On 23 August, Saddam appeared on state television with Western hostages to whom he had refused exit visas. In the video, he asks a young British boy, Stuart Lockwood, whether he is getting his milk, and goes on to say, through his interpreter, "We hope your presence as guests here will not be for too long. Your presence here, and in other places, is meant to prevent the scourge of war."

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: Soon after his conquest of Kuwait, Saddam began verbally attacking the Saudis. He argued that the US-supported Saudi state was an illegitimate and unworthy guardian of the holy cities of Mecca and Medina. He combined the language of the Islamist groups that had recently fought in Afghanistan with the rhetoric Iran had long used to attack the Saudis.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: Although they did not contribute any forces, Japan and Germany made financial contributions totaling $10 billion and $6.6 billion respectively. US troops represented 73% of the coalition's 956,600 troops in Iraq.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: Many of the coalition countries were reluctant to commit military forces. Some felt that the war was an internal Arab affair or did not want to increase US influence in the Middle East. In the end, however, many governments were persuaded by Iraq's belligerence towards other Arab states, offers of economic aid or debt forgiveness, and threats to withhold aid.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: The Pentagon stated that satellite photos showing a buildup of Iraqi forces along the border were this information's source, but this was later alleged to be false. A reporter for the "St. Petersburg Times" acquired two commercial Soviet satellite images made at the time, which showed nothing but empty desert.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: Although the Iraqi military committed human rights abuses during the invasion, the alleged incidents that received the most publicity in the US were fabrications of the public relations firm hired by the government of Kuwait to persuade Americans to support military intervention. Shortly after Iraq's invasion of Kuwait, the organization "Citizens for a Free Kuwait" was formed in the US. It hired the public relations firm Hill & Knowlton for about $11 million, paid by Kuwait's government.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: A day after the deadline set in Resolution 678, the coalition launched a massive air campaign, which began the general offensive codenamed Operation Desert Storm. The priority was the destruction of Iraq's Air Force and anti-aircraft facilities. The sorties were launched mostly from Saudi Arabia and the six carrier battle groups (CVBG) in the Persian Gulf and Red Sea.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: The next targets were command and communication facilities. Saddam Hussein had closely micromanaged Iraqi forces in the Iran–Iraq War, and initiative at lower levels was discouraged. Coalition planners hoped that Iraqi resistance would quickly collapse if deprived of command and control.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: The air campaign's third and largest phase targeted military targets throughout Iraq and Kuwait: Scud missile launchers, weapons research facilities, and naval forces. About a third of the coalition's air power was devoted to attacking Scuds, some of which were on trucks and therefore difficult to locate. US and British special operations forces had been covertly inserted into western Iraq to aid in the search for and destruction of Scuds.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: Iraqi anti-aircraft defenses, including man-portable air-defense systems, were surprisingly ineffective against enemy aircraft, and the coalition suffered only 75 aircraft losses in over 100,000 sorties, 44 due to Iraqi action. Two of these losses are the result of aircraft colliding with the ground while evading Iraqi ground-fired weapons. One of these losses is a confirmed air-air victory.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: Iraq's government made no secret that it would attack if invaded. Prior to the war's start, in the aftermath of the failed US–Iraq peace talks in Geneva, Switzerland, a reporter asked Iraq's English-speaking Foreign Minister and Deputy Prime Minister Tariq Aziz: "Mr. Foreign Minister, if war starts ... will you attack?" His response was: "Yes, absolutely, yes."

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: Five hours after the first attacks, Iraq's state radio broadcast declared that "The dawn of victory nears as this great showdown begins." Iraq fired eight missiles the next day. These missile attacks were to continue throughout the war. Iraq fired 88 Scud missiles during the war's seven weeks.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: In response to the threat of Scuds on Israel, the US rapidly sent a Patriot missile air defense artillery battalion to Israel along with two batteries of MIM-104 Patriot missiles for the protection of civilians. The Royal Netherlands Air Force also deployed a Patriot missile squadron to Israel and Turkey. The Dutch Defense Ministry later stated that the military use of the Patriot missile system was largely ineffective, but its psychological value for the affected populations was high.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: On 29 January, Iraqi forces attacked and occupied the lightly defended Saudi city of Khafji with tanks and infantry. The Battle of Khafji ended two days later when the Iraqis were driven back by the Saudi Arabian National Guard, supported by Qatari forces and US Marines. The allied forces used extensive artillery fire.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: Both sides suffered casualties, although Iraqi forces sustained substantially more dead and captured than the allied forces. Eleven Americans were killed in two separate friendly fire incidents, an additional 14 US airmen were killed when their AC-130 gunship was shot down by an Iraqi surface-to-air missile, and two US soldiers were captured during the battle. Saudi and Qatari forces had a total of 18 dead. Iraqi forces in Khafji had 60–300 dead and 400 captured.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: The 1st Infantry Division's Task Force 2-16 Infantry cleared four lanes simultaneously through an enemy fortified trench system while inflicting heavy casualties on Iraqi forces. Task Force 2-16 continued the attack clearing over of entrenched enemy positions resulting in the capture and destruction of numerous enemy vehicles, equipment, personnel and command bunkers.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: The Iraqis suffered the loss of over 3,000 tanks and over 2,000 other combat vehicles during these battles against the American-led coalition. It is estimated that Iraqi forces suffered 20,000-50,000 troops killed during combat operations. It is also estimated that over 75,000 Iraqi soldiers were wounded. Between 80,000 and 175,000 Iraqi troops were taken prisoner. Iraqi forces inflicted very minimal damage on Coalition forces.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?


Gulf War

Context: US decoy attacks by air attacks and naval gunfire the night before Kuwait's liberation were designed to make the Iraqis believe the main coalition ground attack would focus on central Kuwait.

Question: 걸프전은 몇 년도에 끝났나?