Alisa Freindlich

Context: As of 2019, Freindlich is performing in nine productions of the Bolshoi Drama in St. Petersburg, where she is a leading actress.

Question: Как звали мужа Али́сы Бру́новны Фре́йндлих?


Brynhildr in the Darkness

Context: A middle-school student who lives next door to Ryouta that he tutors. Kitsuka has a crush on Ryouta that he is completely oblivious to. She later becomes classmates with Kana when she starts attending middle school and befriends her after learning of her secret. Kitsuka is afraid of swimming but gains courage thanks to Kana. Sometime later, Kitsuka is found to have been taken to Vingulf in means to be Ryouta's Eve of the new world.

Question: Кто является главным героем манги Brynhildr in the Darkness?


Iron deficiency

Context: Symptoms of iron deficiency can occur even before the condition has progressed to iron deficiency anemia.

Question: Чем грозит малое количество железа в крови человека?


Iron deficiency

Context: Symptoms of iron deficiency are not unique to iron deficiency (i.e. not pathognomonic). Iron is needed for many enzymes to function normally, so a wide range of symptoms may eventually emerge, either as the secondary result of the anemia, or as other primary results of iron deficiency. Symptoms of iron deficiency include:

Question: Чем грозит малое количество железа в крови человека?


Iron deficiency

Context: Continued iron deficiency may progress to anemia and worsening fatigue. Thrombocytosis, or an elevated platelet count, can also result. A lack of sufficient iron levels in the blood is one reason that some people cannot donate blood.

Question: Чем грозит малое количество железа в крови человека?


Iron deficiency

Context: Though genetic defects causing iron deficiency have been studied in rodents, there are no known genetic disorders of human iron metabolism that directly cause iron deficiency.

Question: Чем грозит малое количество железа в крови человека?


Iron deficiency

Context: As always, laboratory values have to be interpreted with the lab's reference values in mind and considering all aspects of the individual clinical situation.

Question: Чем грозит малое количество железа в крови человека?


Iron deficiency

Context: Serum ferritin can be elevated in inflammatory conditions; so a normal serum ferritin may not always exclude iron deficiency, and the utility is improved by taking a concurrent C-reactive protein (CRP). The level of serum ferritin that is viewed as "high" depends on the condition. For example, in inflammatory bowel disease the threshold is 100, where as in chronic heart failure (CHF) the levels are 200.

Question: Чем грозит малое количество железа в крови человека?


Iron deficiency

Context: Before commencing treatment, there should be definitive diagnosis of the underlying cause for iron deficiency. This is particularly the case in older patients, who are most susceptible to colorectal cancer and the gastrointestinal bleeding it often causes. In adults, 60% of patients with iron-deficiency anemia may have underlying gastrointestinal disorders leading to chronic blood loss.

Question: Чем грозит малое количество железа в крови человека?


Iron deficiency

Context: Upon diagnosis, the condition can be treated with iron supplements. The choice of supplement will depend upon both the severity of the condition, the required speed of improvement (e.g. if awaiting elective surgery) and the likelihood of treatment being effective (e.g. if the patient has underlying IBD, is undergoing dialysis, or is having ESA therapy).

Question: Чем грозит малое количество железа в крови человека?


Iron deficiency

Context: Examples of oral iron that are often used are ferrous sulfate, ferrous gluconate, or amino acid chelate tablets. Recent research suggests the replacement dose of iron, at least in the elderly with iron deficiency, may be as little as 15 mg per day of elemental iron.

Question: Чем грозит малое количество железа в крови человека?


Iron deficiency

Context: Iron from different foods is absorbed and processed differently by the body; for instance, iron in meat (heme-iron source) is more easily absorbed than iron in grains and vegetables ("non-heme" iron sources). Minerals and chemicals in one type of food may also inhibit absorption of iron from another type of food eaten at the same time. For example, oxalates and phytic acid form insoluble complexes which bind iron in the gut before it can be absorbed.

Question: Чем грозит малое количество железа в крови человека?


Iron deficiency

Context: In both tables, . Arbitrarily, the guideline is set at 18 mg, which is the USDA Recommended Dietary Allowance for women aged between 19 and 50.

Question: Чем грозит малое количество железа в крови человека?


Iron deficiency

Context: Children at 6 months should start having solid food that contains enough iron, which could be found in both heme and non-heme iron

Question: Чем грозит малое количество железа в крови человека?


Iron deficiency

Context: Iron deficiency can have serious health consequences that diet may not be able to quickly correct; hence, an iron supplement is often necessary if the iron deficiency has become symptomatic.

Question: Чем грозит малое количество железа в крови человека?


Iron deficiency

Context: Blood transfusion is sometimes used to treat iron deficiency with hemodynamic instability. Sometimes transfusions are considered for people who have chronic iron deficiency or who will soon go to surgery, but even if such people have low hemoglobin, they should be given oral treatment or intravenous iron.

Question: Чем грозит малое количество железа в крови человека?


Iron deficiency

Context: Current evidence is limited to base any recommendations that intravenous iron therapy is beneficial for treating non-anaemic, iron-deficient adults. Further research in this area is needed as current body of evidence is very low quality.

Question: Чем грозит малое количество железа в крови человека?


Iron deficiency

Context: The presence of "Helicobacter pylori" in the stomach can cause inflammation and can lower the threshold for the development of gastric cancer. In the setting of iron deficiency, "H. pylori" causes more severe inflammation and the development of premalignant lesions. This inflammatory effect appears to be mediated, in part, through altered bile acid production including an increase in deoxycholic acid, a secondary bile acid implicated in colon cancer and other gastrointestinal cancers.

Question: Чем грозит малое количество железа в крови человека?


Alexander Suvorov

Context: Suvorov next served in Poland during the Confederation of Bar, dispersed the Polish forces under Pułaski, and captured Kraków (1768), paving the way for the first partition of Poland between Austria, Prussia and Russia, and reached the rank of major-general.

Question: Сколько сражений выиграл Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Суво́ров?


Alexander Suvorov

Context: In 1774, Suvorov was dispatched to suppress Pugachev's Rebellion, whose leader claimed to be the assassinated Tsar Peter III. Suvorov arrived at the scene only in time to conduct the first interrogation of the rebel leader, who had been betrayed by his fellow Cossacks and was eventually beheaded in Moscow. The next year, he married into the influential Golitsyn family.

Question: Сколько сражений выиграл Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Суво́ров?


Alexander Suvorov

Context: Immediately after signing the Treaty of Jassy with the Ottoman Empire, Suvorov was transferred to Poland where he assumed the command of one of the corps and took part in the Battle of Maciejowice. There, he captured the Polish commander-in-chief Tadeusz Kościuszko. On November 4, 1794, Suvorov's forces stormed Warsaw and captured Praga, one of its boroughs.

Question: Сколько сражений выиграл Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Суво́ров?


Alexander Suvorov

Context: Suvorov sent a report to his sovereign consisting of only three words: ""Hurrah, Warsaw's ours!" ("Ура, Варшава наша!"). Catherine replied in two words: "Hurrah, Field-Marshal!"" (rus. "Ура, фельдмаршал!"—that is, awarding him this title). The newly appointed field marshal remained in Poland until 1795, when he returned to Saint Petersburg. But his sovereign and friend Catherine died in 1796, and her son and successor Paul I dismissed the veteran in disgrace.

Question: Сколько сражений выиграл Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Суво́ров?


Alexander Suvorov

Context: Mikhail Ivanovich Dragomirov (1830–1905) declared that he based his teaching on Suvorov's practice, which he held as representative of the fundamental truths of war and of the military qualities of the Russian nation.

Question: Сколько сражений выиграл Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Суво́ров?


Alexander Suvorov

Context: His political views were centered around enlightened monarchy. However, Suvorov had no interest in pursuing politics and made his disdain for the court lifestyle and tendencies of aristocrats well known: he lacked diplomacy in his dispatches, and his sarcasm triggered enmity among some courtiers.

Question: Сколько сражений выиграл Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Суво́ров?


Alexander Suvorov

Context: Suvorov was buried in Saint Petersburg in the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. His gravestone states simply: "Here lies Suvorov". Within a year after his death, Paul I was murdered in his bedroom for his disastrous leadership by a band of dismissed officers and his son and successor Alexander I erected a statue to Suvorov's memory in the Field of Mars.

Question: Сколько сражений выиграл Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Суво́ров?


Alexander Suvorov

Context: A "Suvorov school" of generals who had apprenticed under him played a prominent role in the Russian military. Among them was future Field Marshal Mikhail Kutuzov who led the Imperial Russian Army against Napoleon during the Napoleonic Wars, including the French invasion of Russia.

Question: Сколько сражений выиграл Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Суво́ров?


Alexander Suvorov

Context: The Suvorov Museum opened in Saint Petersburg in 1900 to commemorate the centenary of the general's death. Apart from in St. Petersburg, other Suvorov monuments have feature in Focșani, Ochakov (1907), Sevastopol, Izmail, Tulchin, Kobrin, Novaya Ladoga, Kherson, Timanovka, Simferopol, Kaliningrad, Konchanskoye, Rymnik, Elm, Switzerland and in the Swiss Alps.

Question: Сколько сражений выиграл Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Суво́ров?


Alexander Suvorov

Context: The town of Suvorovo in Varna Province, Bulgaria, was named after Suvorov, as was the Russian ship which discovered Suwarrow Island in the Pacific in 1814.

Question: Сколько сражений выиграл Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Суво́ров?


Alexander Suvorov

Context: His prowess, military wisdom, and daring remain in high regard. Another of his many utterances, "Achieve victory not by numbers, but by knowing how" and "Train hard, fight easy. Train easy and you will have hard fighting" are well known in the Russian military. "Train hard, fight easy" became a Russian proverb.

Question: Сколько сражений выиграл Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Суво́ров?


Alexander Suvorov

Context: A bust of the Generalissimo is prominently displayed in the office of the Russian Minister of Defense.

Question: Сколько сражений выиграл Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Суво́ров?


Alexander Suvorov

Context: In Russia, there are 12 secondary-level military schools called Suvorov Military School that were established during the USSR. There is also a military school in Minsk named after Suvorov.

Question: Сколько сражений выиграл Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Суво́ров?


Alexander Suvorov

Context: Due to "decommunization policies" the street named after Suvorov in (Ukraine's capital) Kyiv was renamed after Mykhailo Omelianovych-Pavlenko in 2016.

Question: Сколько сражений выиграл Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Суво́ров?


Alexander Suvorov

Context: Russia's defence minister Sergei Shoigu has proposed that Suvorov be made a saint in the Russian Orthodox Church.

Question: Сколько сражений выиграл Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Суво́ров?


Glass electrode

Context: The first studies of glass electrodes (GE) found different sensitivities of different glasses to change the medium's acidity (pH), due to the effects of the alkali metal ions.

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Glass electrode

Context: In 1909, S. P. L. Sørensen introduced the concept of pH, and in the same year F. Haber and Z. Klemensiewicz reported results of their research on the glass electrode in The Society of Chemistry in Karlsruhe.

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Glass electrode

Context: In 1922, W. S. Hughes showed that the alkali-silicate GE are similar to hydrogen electrodes, reversible concerning H+.

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Glass electrode

Context: In 1925, P.M. Tookey Kerridge developed the first glass electrode for analysis of blood samples and highlighted some of the practical problems with the equipment such as the high resistance of glass (50–150 MΩ). During her PhD, Kerridge developed the miniature glass electrode, maximizing the surface area of the tool by heat treating the platinum with platinum chloride at red heat, thus enabling a much larger signal; her design was the predecessor of many of the glass electrodes used today.

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Glass electrode

Context: Glass electrodes are commonly used for pH measurements. There are also specialized ion sensitive glass electrodes used for the determination of the concentration of lithium, sodium, ammonium, and other ions.

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Glass electrode

Context: Glass electrodes have been utilized in a wide range of applications including pure research, control of industrial processes, analysis of foods and cosmetics, measurement of environmental indicators, and microelectrode measurements such as cell membrane electrical potential and soil acidity.

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Glass electrode

Context: Almost all commercial electrodes respond to single-charged ions, like H+, Na+, Ag+. The most common glass electrode is the pH-electrode. Only a few chalcogenide glass electrodes are sensitive to double-charged ions, like Pb2+, Cd2+ and some others.

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Glass electrode

Context: There are two main glass-forming systems: silicate matrix based on a molecular network of silicon dioxide (SiO2) with additions of other metal oxides, such as Na, K, Li, Al, B, Ca, etc. and chalcogenide matrix based on a molecular network of AsS, AsSe, AsTe.

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Glass electrode

Context: Because of the ion-exchange nature of the glass membrane, it is possible for some other ions to concurrently interact with ion-exchange centres of the glass and distort the linear dependence of the measured electrode potential on pH or other electrode functions in some cases, it is possible to change the electrode function from one ion to another. For example, some silicate pPNAelectrodes can be changed to pAg function by soaking in a silver salt solution.

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Glass electrode

Context: Interference effects are commonly described by the semiempirical Nicolsky-Shultz-Eisenman equation (also known as Nikolsky-Shultz-Eisenman equation), an extension to the Nernst equation. It is given by

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Glass electrode

Context: where "E" is the emf, "E0" the standard electrode potential, "z" the ionic valency including the sign, "a" the activity, "i" the ion of interest, "j" the interfering ions and "k"ij is the selectivity coefficient. The smaller the selectivity coefficient, the less is the interference by "j".

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Glass electrode

Context: The effect is usually noticeable at pH > 12, and cat concentrations of lithium or sodium ions of 0.1  moles per litre or more. Potassium ions usually cause less error than sodium ions.

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Glass electrode

Context: A typical modern pH probe is a combination electrode, which combines both the glass and reference electrodes into one body. The combination electrode consists of the following parts (see the drawing):

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Glass electrode

Context: This section describes the functioning of two distinct types of electrodes as one unit which combines both the glass electrode and the reference electrode into one body. It deserves some explanation.

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Glass electrode

Context: Ag("s") | AgCl("s") | KCl("aq") || 1×10−7M H+ solution || glass membrane || "Test Solution" || junction || KCl("aq") | AgCl("s") | Ag("s")

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Glass electrode

Context: H+ does not cross through the glass membrane of the pH electrode, it is the Na+ which crosses and leads to a change in free energy. When an ion diffuses from a region of activity to another region of activity, there is a free energy change and this is what the pH meter actually measures. The hydrated gel membrane is connected by Na+ transport and thus the concentration of H+ on the outside of the membrane is 'relayed' to the inside of the membrane by Na+.

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Glass electrode

Context: All glass pH electrodes have extremely high electric resistance from 50 to 500 MΩ. Therefore, the glass electrode can be used only with a high input-impedance measuring device like a pH meter, or, more generically, a high input-impedance voltmeter which is called an electrometer.

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Glass electrode

Context: Between measurements any glass and membrane electrodes should be kept in a solution of its own ion. It is necessary to prevent the glass membrane from drying out because the performance is dependent on the existence of a hydrated layer, which forms slowly.

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Glass electrode

Context: E. P. Nikol'skii, M. M. Schul'tz, et al., Vestn. Leningr. Univ., Ser. Fiz. i Khim., 18, No. 4, 73-186 (1963) (This series of articles summarizes Russian work on the effect of varying the glass composition on electrode properties and chemical stability of a great

Question: Кто разработал первый Стеклянный электрод?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: Rostov-on-Don () is a port city and the administrative centre of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia. It lies in the southeastern part of the East European Plain on the Don River, from the Sea of Azov, directly north of the North Caucasus. The southwestern suburbs of the city lie above the Don river delta. Rostov-on-Don has a population of over one million people, and is an important cultural centre of Southern Russia.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: From ancient times, the area around the mouth of the Don River has held cultural and commercial importance. Ancient indigenous inhabitants included the Scythian and Sarmatian tribes. It was the site of Tanais, an ancient Greek colony, Fort Tana under the Genoese, and Fort Azak in the time of the Ottoman Empire.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: In 1749, a custom house was established on the Temernik River, a tributary of the Don, by edict of the Empress Elizabeth, the daughter of Peter the Great, in order to control trade with Turkey. It was co-located with a fortress named for Dimitry of Rostov, a metropolitan bishop of the old northern town of Rostov the Great. Azov, a town closer to the Sea of Azov on the Don, gradually lost its commercial importance in the region to the new fortress.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: In 1756, the "Russian commercial and trading company of Constantinople" was founded at the "merchants' settlement" (Kupecheskaya Sloboda) on the high bank of the Don. Towards the end of the eighteenth century, with the incorporation of previously Ottoman Black Sea territories into the Russian Empire, the settlement lost much of its militarily strategic importance as a frontier post.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: In 1796, the settlement was chartered and in 1797, it became the seat of Rostovsky Uyezd within Novorossiysk Governorate. In 1806, it was officially renamed Rostov-on-Don. During the 19th century, due to its river connections with Russia's interior, Rostov developed into a major trade centre and communications hub. A railway connection with Kharkiv was completed in 1870, with further links following in 1871 to Voronezh and in 1875 to Vladikavkaz.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: In 1779, Rostov-on-Don became associated with a settlement of Armenian refugees from Crimea at Nakhichevan-on-Don. The two settlements were separated by a field of wheat. In 1928, the two towns were merged. The former town border lies beneath the Teatralnaya Square of central Rostov-on-Don. By 1928, following the incorporation of the hitherto neighbouring city of Nakhichevan-on-Don, Rostov had become the third largest city in Russia.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: During the Russian Civil War, the Whites and the Reds contested Rostov-on-Don, then the most heavily industrialized city of South Russia. By 1928, the regional government had moved from the old Cossack capital of Novocherkassk to Rostov-on-Don.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: In the Soviet years, the Bolsheviks demolished two of Rostov-on-Don's principal landmarks: St. Alexander Nevsky Cathedral (1908) and St. George Cathedral (1783–1807).

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: During World War II, German forces occupied Rostov-on-Don, at first from 19/20 November 1941 to 2 December 1941, after attacks by the German First Panzer Army in the Battle of Rostov and then for seven months from 24 July 1942 to 14 February 1943. The town was of strategic importance as a railway junction and a river port accessing the Caucasus, a region rich in oil and minerals. It took ten years to restore the city from the damage during World War II.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: In 1942 up to 30,000 Russian Jews were massacred by the German military in Rostov-on-Don at a site called Zmievskaya Balka.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as Rostov-na-Donu Urban Okrug—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban okrug status.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: The 2010 census recorded the population of Rostov-on-Don at 1,089,261 making it the tenth most populous city in Russia.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: At the time of the official 2010 Census, the ethnic makeup of the city's population whose ethnicity was known (1,066,523) was:

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: There were sultry days of brassy sun, but also cool evenings on the balconies facing the Don River, with the soft glow of charcoal in the samovar, with the ripe cherries crushed by your spoon against the bottom and sides of your glass of scalding tea.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: Rostov-on-Don lies in a humid continental climate (Köppen: "Dfa"). The winter is moderately cold, with an average January temperature of . The lowest recorded temperature of occurred in January 1940.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: Summers are warm and humid; July temperatures average . The city's highest recorded temperature of was reported on 7 July 2020. The mean annual precipitation is , the average wind speed is 2.7 m/s, and the average air humidity is 72%.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: The flag of Rostov-on-Don was approved by the Duma on September 20, 1864. At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries the home guard regiments, which defended the Southern borders of Russia, were raised under this flag. The "Flag of Rostov" is kept in the town's municipal building under glass. Its length is and width, . The flag is taken out of the building only on Victory Day and Rostov-on-Don Day by a guard of honour.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: In 1870, an oval shape mayoral decoration wrought from precious or semi-precious white metal was introduced. On the front is written "Rostov-on-Don" at the top, the Rostov-on-Don coat-of-arms is in the center and the inscription, "Mayor of the City" is written at the bottom. On its reverse side, the day of its adoption, April 9, 1996, is recorded. The decoration is worn over the suit on a large chain. The mayor returns the decoration to the Duma on his or her retirement from office.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: The Emblem of the Don Host Oblast was introduced in July 5 (18), 1878. The flag of the All Great Don Army was introduce in May 1918 on the "Circle of the Don Saving".

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: Rostov's favourable geographical position at trading crossroads promotes economic development. The Don River is a major shipping lane connecting southwestern Russia with the north. Rostov-on-Don is a trading port for Russian, Italian, Greek and Turkish merchants selling, for example, wool, wheat and oil. It is also an important river port for passengers. The Rostov-on-Don agricultural region produces one-third of Russia's vegetable oil from sunflowers.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: With the construction of the Volga-Don Shipping Canal in 1952, Rostov-on-Don has become known as a "port of five seas" (reachable from the Black Sea, the Sea of Azov, the Caspian Sea, the White Sea, and the Baltic Sea). See the article Port of Rostov-on-Don

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: In modern times, Rostov-on-Don has experienced economic growth. Numerous start-up companies have established headquarters in the city, the median income is increasing, and the city is being transformed into a modern, industrial and technology-rich hub. For instance, Rostov-on-Don is a center for helicopter and farm machinery manufacturing. The "Tebodin" engineering company opened its fourth office in Rostov-on-Don in June 2010.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: The Rostov-on-Don Airport caters for domestic travel, as well as flights to and from the former C.I.S., Europe, Africa and Asia. Its IATA code is "ROV". Donavia airlines (formerly "Aeroflot Don") has its head office in Rostov-on-Don. The Bataysk military aerodrome (which is located northwest of the city center) may be developed into a new airport hub for Southern Russia. Platov International Airport was opened in late 2017 as part of preparations for the 2018 FIFA World Cup.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: The international river port specializes in the packaging and freighting of minerals and timber. Shipping information is published on line.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: The main railway stations in Rostov-on-Don are "Rostov-Glavny" and "Rostov-Prigorodny". The "St. Petersburg-Rostov-Caucasus" railway crosses the territory of Rostov-on-Don. The North Caucasus Railway Administration Building is in Rostov-on-Don.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: Several highways of federal and regional significance cross Rostov. The M-4 “Don” route passes Rostov to the east and crosses the Don river in the Aksay city area. The “Rostov-Novoshakhtinsk” starts from the Northern housing block area of the city running north to connect with the M-4 “Don” route between Shakhty and Novoshakhtinsk.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: The Ministry of Regional Development of Russia has prepared a program to create eight multimillion conglomerate population centres or 'super cities'. The Rostov Oblast will be one of these. “The Greater Rostov” metropolitan area will include the cities of Rostov-on-Don, Novocherkassk, Taganrog, Aksay, Bataysk and Azov.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: In 1929, the first automatic telephone exchange in Russia with a capacity of 6,000 numbers commenced in Rostov-on-Don. Since 2004, standard telephone numbers in Rostov-on-Don have been seven digits in length. Since 2009, city numbers have begun with "2". The city dialing code is "863".

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: Rostov-on-Don hosts higher educational establishments, including universities, academies, secondary schools of vocational training including colleges, technical schools, specialized schools, and elementary schools of vocational training including lyceums, professional colleges and schools of general education.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: There is also a French cultural centre (Alliance Francaise), a British Council and German Goethe Institute (DAAD and Bosch foundation), and a Korean Cultural Centre.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: The most conspicuous architectural feature of the central part of the city is the Cathedral of Virgin's Nativity (1860–1887), designed by Konstantin Thon.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: In the Academic Drama Theater named after Maxim Gorky works Mikhail Bushnov, who is the national artist of the USSR and an honorary citizen of Rostov-on-Don.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: The small collections of the Art Gallery and the Museum of Arts include some works by Repin, Surikov, Perov, Levitan, Aivazovsky as well as of modern Rostov artists.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: Other facilities include seven stadiums, a Palace of Sports, a circus, a zoo botanical gardens and parks. Rostov-on-Don hosts the North Caucasian Science Center and research institutes. The city is also home to a Starbucks coffee chain, a true rarity in this geographical area of Russia.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: The construction of the Rostov TV centre began in 1956 and was completed on 26 April 1958. The first television program was broadcast on 30 April 1958. Colour television was first broadcast in 1974. Radio transmission began in Rostov-on-Don on October 17, 1975. In 2009, there were fourteen FM radio stations in Rostov-on-Don, it is also possibly, home of the Squeaky Wheel number station.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: In 2018, Rostov-on-Don was one of the Russian cities to host the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Rostov Arena with a capacity of 45,000 spectators was built on the left bank of the Don River, left of the exit from the city via the Voroshilovsky Bridge.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: During the FIFA World Cup, the Teatralnaya Square served as a venue for the FIFA Fan Fest. The specially arranged area had a capacity of 25,000 people. Fans were able to watch all World Cup games on a big screen. The venue was serviced by food outlets and had several entertainment areas.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: In preparation for the FIFA World Cup, the city implemented a large-scale development program. Apart from the new stadium, the city built a camping area for fans arriving for the World Cup, the Southern and Western Bypasses, and new hotels. Reconstruction works were carried out at the bridge crossing over the Don River (expanding the traffic way to 6 lanes), a number of healthcare facilities, and the embankment area. A new airport, Yuzhny, was built.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: Notable people include Olga Spessivtseva ballet dancer, Alexander Suvorov military commander, Yelena Produnova artistic gymnast, Yulia Belokobylskaya artistic gymnast, Andrei Chikatilo (1936–1994) serial killer, and Alexander Pechersky (1909–1990) a leader of the rebellion at the Sobibor extermination camp, and Maria Kharenkova artistic gymnast.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: Musicians from Rostov-on-Don include Efrem Zimbalist the violinist, Zaslavsky, Kim Nazaretov, Modest Mussorgsky, composers Andrey Pashchenko (1885–1972), film composer Nadezhda Simonyan, Zinaida Petrovna Ziberova (born 1909), the pop music singer Irina Allegrova (1952), Yuri Bashmet, Sergey Vladimirovich Rodionov, Eva Rivas (1987), Mikhail Puntov (1995), the post-punk rock band Motorama, rapper Basta and the rap band Kasta.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: Actors and playwrights of Rostov-on-Don include Maretskaya, Mikhail Shchepkin, Yevgeniya Glushenko, Alexander Kaidanovsky (1946–1995), Evgeny Shvarts (1896–1958), Nikolai Sorokin (1952–2013), Konstantin Lavronenko (1961), film and theater director Kirill Serebrennikov (1969) winner of the Best Actor award at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival, and Sergey Zhigunov (1963). Marion Gering, noted for his stage and film productions in the United States, was born in the city.

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: Architects and artists of the city include Yevgeny Vuchetich, Seyran Khatlamajyan, Ashot Melkonian, Natalia Duritskaya, Martiros Saryan (1880–1972), Roman Chatov (1900–1987), Leonid Eberg (1882–1954), Lev Eberg (1907–1982).

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Rostov-on-Don

Context: Scientists and explorers include, doctors N. Bogoraz and S. Fedosov, scientists Dmitri Mendeleev, A. S. Popov, I. P. Pavlov, George Sedov the Arctic Sea explorer, Yakov Frenkel (1894–1952) a solid-state physicist, Svyatoslav Fyodorov (1927–2000), ophthalmologist, Sabina Spielrein (1885–1942), psychoanalyst, Yuri Oganessian (a nuclear physicist who is the namesake of oganesson (element 118)).

Question: Сколько человек проживало в Ростове-на-Дону в 2018?


Mikhail Kheraskov

Context: Mikhail Matveyevich Kheraskov (; – ) was Russian poet and playwright. A leading figure of the Russian Enlightenment, Kheraskov was regarded as the most important Russian poet by Catherine the Great and her contemporaries.

Question: Когда родился Михаи́л Матве́евич Хера́сков?


Mikhail Kheraskov

Context: Kheraskov's father was a Moldavian boyar who settled in Ukraine. Patronized by his Freemason friends, Mikhail furthered his education abroad and was appointed dean of the Moscow University in 1763 at the age of 30.

Question: Когда родился Михаи́л Матве́евич Хера́сков?


Mikhail Kheraskov

Context: In 1771–1779, he wrote the "Rossiad" (, "Rossiada"), the first Russian epic in the tradition of Homer and Virgil, about Ivan the Terrible's taking of Kazan in 1552. The "Rossiad"'s only rival for the title of the longest poem in the Russian language is Kheraskov's "Vladimir Reborn" (1785), concerned with the baptism of Kievan Rus.

Question: Когда родился Михаи́л Матве́евич Хера́сков?


Mikhail Kheraskov

Context: Somewhat more popular is his oriental tale "Bakhariana" (1803). Kheraskov also wrote 20 plays but, like the rest of his writings, they have been largely neglected by posterity.

Question: Когда родился Михаи́л Матве́евич Хера́сков?


Mikhail Kheraskov

Context: He spent much of his time in Grebnevo, his manorial estate near Moscow. Mikhail Timofeyevich Vysotsky (1791–1837, Russian guitarist-virtuoso and guitar composer) was a godson of Mikhail Kheraskov.

Question: Когда родился Михаи́л Матве́евич Хера́сков?


Mikhail Kheraskov

Context: Having served as an officer for about four years, Mikhail Kheraskov entered state service in 1755, and was enrolled in the Collegium of Commerce. However, in early 1756 he transferred to the recently founded Moscow University, where he was appointed collegiate assessor. In some way or another, he would remain affiliated with the university for the rest of his life.

Question: Когда родился Михаи́л Матве́евич Хера́сков?


Mikhail Kheraskov

Context: In 1760 Kheraskov married Elizabeth Vasilevna Nerovnaya, who also wrote poetry; their home became a recognized center for literature in Moscow.

Question: Когда родился Михаи́л Матве́евич Хера́сков?


Mikhail Kheraskov

Context: In St. Petersburg, the childless Kheraskovs sheltered Anna Karamysheva, and raised her as a daughter. At the age of 13, she married one of Kheraskov's subordinates. She later married the famous Masonic figure Alexander Labzin and became a noted memoirist.

Question: Когда родился Михаи́л Матве́евич Хера́сков?


Mikhail Kheraskov

Context: After his resignation, Kheraskov actively participated in the Free Russian Assembly and the Free Economic Society, literary and economic societies that promoted advanced methods of farming and estate management modeled on the practices of foreign countries. He was also a member of the editorial board for Nikolay Novikov's philosophical journal "Morning Light," the first of its kind.

Question: Когда родился Михаи́л Матве́евич Хера́сков?


Mikhail Kheraskov

Context: In 1778 Kheraskov completed his epic poem "Rossiad", which had taken him eight years to compose. Apparently, the "heroic poem" was brought to Catherine in manuscript form; the empress appreciated the political significance of the text and Kheraskov was brought back into favor. He received a large cash prize and in June 1778 was named curator of Moscow University.

Question: Когда родился Михаи́л Матве́евич Хера́сков?


Mikhail Kheraskov

Context: Upon his return to the university, Kheraskov immediately undertook several ambitious projects. In December 1778, he established a boarding school for young noblemen. The boarding school produced some of the most prominent Russian literary figures of the early nineteenth-century, such as Vasily Zhukovsky, Mikhail Lermontov, and Fyodor Tyutchev.

Question: Когда родился Михаи́л Матве́евич Хера́сков?


Mikhail Kheraskov

Context: Unlike his mother, Emperor Paul I was sympathetic to the Masons. As he had for the two previous rulers, Kheraskov addressed an ode to Paul upon the new emperor's coronation in 1796. Later that year, Kheraskov was made Privy Councillor and awarded 600 serfs. In February 1798 an imperial rescript recognized Kheraskov for his poetry. In March 1799 he was awarded the Order of St. Anna, 1st class.

Question: Когда родился Михаи́л Матве́евич Хера́сков?


Mikhail Kheraskov

Context: The elderly poet spent the last years of his life in Moscow engaged in literary work. Up until his death he worked with the journals "Herald of Europe", "Patriot" and "Friend of Enlightenment". Kheraskov died on 27 September (9 October), 1807 in Moscow. He was buried at the Donskoy Monastery Cemetery. His tragedy "Zareida and Rostislav" was published posthumously under a pseudonym. It received an award by the Russian Academy for 500 rubles, which his widow left at the Academy's disposal.

Question: Когда родился Михаи́л Матве́евич Хера́сков?


Mikhail Kheraskov

Context: No comprehensive library of Kheraskov was preserved. His documents personal letters, and correspondence with government officials and literary figures are spread across various Russian collections. Practically all of his contemporaries, both older and younger, commented on his "gentle" nature and noble character.

Question: Когда родился Михаи́л Матве́евич Хера́сков?


Mikhail Kheraskov

Context: Kheraskov avoided social events, and even when in the country sought solitude. At Ochakovo, he especially enjoyed sitting in a limewood grove. He usually rose early in the morning and immediately engaged in reading or writing. He had a habit of walking around his office while working and spoke the written texts allowed to himself.

Question: Когда родился Михаи́л Матве́евич Хера́сков?


Sattar Bahlulzade

Context: Sattar Bahlulzade (; 15 December 1909 – 14 October 1974) was an Azerbaijani painter, best known for his landscape paintings depicting the nature of Azerbaijan. He is considered to be the founder of Azerbaijani Impressionism.

Question: Где находится самая большая коллекция работ Сатта́р Бахлу́л оглы Бахлулзаде́?


Sattar Bahlulzade

Context: Today, he is widely considered to be one of the greatest painters of Azerbaijan, as well as a prominent figure in the history of Azerbaijani art in general. He is the recipient of many awards, including two Orders of the Red Banner of Labour and People's Artist of Azerbaijan.

Question: Где находится самая большая коллекция работ Сатта́р Бахлу́л оглы Бахлулзаде́?


Sattar Bahlulzade

Context: "Everything had its own special place in the house. Mother arranged the dishes like an artist. She folded the blankets and beddings in a way that the color schemes matched. For her, it was a work of art, it was beauty."

Question: Где находится самая большая коллекция работ Сатта́р Бахлу́л оглы Бахлулзаде́?


Sattar Bahlulzade

Context: Sattar attended the National Art Institute in Baku starting in 1927. After graduating in 1931, he began working with Azim Azimzade for the newspaper "Communist" as a graphic illustrator. Bahlulzade worked in the editorial office for two years, during which his first works of art, cartoons, were published.

Question: Где находится самая большая коллекция работ Сатта́р Бахлу́л оглы Бахлулзаде́?


Sattar Bahlulzade

Context: In 1933, began studying at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, where he became a student of Vladimir Favorsky. It is at this Institute that Bahlulzade started showing interest in landscape painting. His frequent summer trips to Crimea played an important role in developing his mastery of landscape art. There, Bahlulzade realized that painting really was his true purpose and path in life.

Question: Где находится самая большая коллекция работ Сатта́р Бахлу́л оглы Бахлулзаде́?


Sattar Bahlulzade

Context: After his return to Baku, Bahlulzade's work focused on the depictions of historic personalities and events. in 1941, he became a member of the Artists' Union of the USSR. In the post-war years, Bahlulzade painted works depicting the oil fields, dachas, and villages of the Absheron Peninsula. Bahlulzade's attraction to depictions of nature grew, and he started to paint more landscape sceneries.

Question: Где находится самая большая коллекция работ Сатта́р Бахлу́л оглы Бахлулзаде́?


Sattar Bahlulzade

Context: Bahlulzade was known primarily for his landscape paintings dedicated to the nature of the Azerbaijan. Frequently, he went out into nature to capture on canvas all its beauty. Bahlulzade once said:

Question: Где находится самая большая коллекция работ Сатта́р Бахлу́л оглы Бахлулзаде́?


Sattar Bahlulzade

Context: "I don't have to go to Tahiti, like Gauguin, for inspiration, and I do not advise others to do it. The life and land of your people - they are the true sources of inspiration."

Question: Где находится самая большая коллекция работ Сатта́р Бахлу́л оглы Бахлулзаде́?


Sattar Bahlulzade

Context: Starting from the late 1940s, Bahlulzade started to create his most renowned works of art: "The Bank of Qudyalchay", "The Road to Gizbanovsha" (1953), "Golden Evenings" (1955), "Native Lands" (1957), etc. In these landscapes, Bahlulzade satiated his color palette, achieving a colorful decorativeness in his displays.

Question: Где находится самая большая коллекция работ Сатта́р Бахлу́л оглы Бахлулзаде́?


Sattar Bahlulzade

Context: In 1973, Bahlulzade became seriously ill due to blood poisoning. Although the artist was being treated in Sabunchu hospital in Baku, his condition was not getting better. The chief doctor of the hospital told him that the only way for him to recover was to continue his treatment in the Moscow. However, officials refused to pay for the artist's trip to Moscow, and so the trip was organized by his friends.

Question: Где находится самая большая коллекция работ Сатта́р Бахлу́л оглы Бахлулзаде́?


Sattar Bahlulzade

Context: Sattar Bahlulzade died in Moscow on October 14, 1974. The artist was buried on October 16, not in the Alley of Honor in Baku as expected, but, at his own request, in his native village Amirjan, next to the grave of his mother. A monument was erected over Bahlulzade's grave by sculptor Omar Eldarov, depicting an artist with two empty picture frames.

Question: Где находится самая большая коллекция работ Сатта́р Бахлу́л оглы Бахлулзаде́?


Sattar Bahlulzade

Context: “"Many people think that I can take a clean canvas and a paintbox and easily paint various moments in nature whenever I wish. They are wrong. This is not the case at all. I have always had a habit: most of the time, I first draw sketches for my pictures. Sometimes I do not draw sketches but keep them in my memory. For instance, the landscape "Tears of Kapaz" is drawn from memory. I did not draw any sketch for it. I had no opportunity to do that at the time anyway."

Question: Где находится самая большая коллекция работ Сатта́р Бахлу́л оглы Бахлулзаде́?


Sattar Bahlulzade

Context: "We have seen many pictures of Goygol so far. Of course, you can draw pictures of a thing or place many times. This is not very dangerous because every painter has his own approach and attitude to an object. What is most important is that a painter has to have his own creative view, his own fantasy, and creative thinking so that he does not look like others or repeat what other people have already done."”

Question: Где находится самая большая коллекция работ Сатта́р Бахлу́л оглы Бахлулзаде́?


Sattar Bahlulzade

Context: In 1964, the works of Bahlulzade were exhibited in the National Gallery in Prague. After the exhibition, five of the paintings were selected to be bought for the Museum's collection. Nonetheless, Sattar refused the fee, offering the paintings to the gallery as a gift. These stories tell us about his lack of care for material possessions like money. He even smoked the cheapest brands of cigarettes.

Question: Где находится самая большая коллекция работ Сатта́р Бахлу́л оглы Бахлулзаде́?


Sattar Bahlulzade

Context: Bahlulzade's awards and titles include Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1959), Honored Artist of the Azerbaijan SSR (1960), and People's Artist of the Azerbaijan SSR (1963). In 1969, Sattar was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour for the second time. In 1972, Sattar Bahlulzade was awarded the State Prize of the Azerbaijan SSR for his series of works denoted "Landscapes of Azerbaijan".

Question: Где находится самая большая коллекция работ Сатта́р Бахлу́л оглы Бахлулзаде́?


Sattar Bahlulzade

Context: A street in the Surakhani district of Baku is named after Bahlulzade. A house of culture in his native village, Amirjan, is also named after him. The life and work of Bahlulzade have been the subject of many documentaries, paintings, poems, and sculptures. On the artist's 100th anniversary (December 15, 2009), Azermarka issued a new series of postmarks titled "Azerbaijani School of Fine Arts: Artist S. Bahlulzade". The series includes 6 stamps depicting Bahlulzade's paintings.

Question: Где находится самая большая коллекция работ Сатта́р Бахлу́л оглы Бахлулзаде́?


Peter Simon Pallas

Context: Peter Simon Pallas was born in Berlin, the son of Professor of Surgery Simon Pallas. He studied with private tutors and took an interest in natural history, later attending the University of Halle and the University of Göttingen. In 1760, he moved to the University of Leiden and passed his doctor's degree at the age of 19.

Question: В каком году родился Пётр Си́мон Палла́с?


Peter Simon Pallas

Context: Streets in Berlin and Castrop-Rauxel are named "Pallasstraße". Pallasovka, a city in Volgograd Oblast, is named after him, and his monument stands there.

Question: В каком году родился Пётр Си́мон Палла́с?


Ivan Paskevich

Context: Count Ivan Fyodorovich Paskevich-Erevansky, Serene Prince of Warsaw (, tr. ; – ) was an Imperial Russian military leader with Ukrainian roots. For his victories, he was made Count of Yerevan in 1828 and Namiestnik of the Kingdom of Poland in 1831. He attained the rank of field marshal in the Russian army, and later in the Prussian and Austrian armies.

Question: Когда родился Ива́н Фёдорович Паске́вич?


Ivan Paskevich

Context: From 1807 to 1812, Ivan Paskevich was engaged in the campaigns against the Ottomans, and distinguished himself by many brilliant and daring exploits, being made a general officer in his thirtieth year. During the war with France in 1812–1814 he was present, in command of the 26th division of infantry, at all the most important engagements, and he won promotion to the rank of lieutenant general.

Question: Когда родился Ива́н Фёдорович Паске́вич?


Ivan Paskevich

Context: On the outbreak of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 he was appointed to command the Russian troops sent to aid Austria, and finally compelled the Hungarians' surrender at Világos.

Question: Когда родился Ива́н Фёдорович Паске́вич?


Hermann Hoth

Context: Following the encirclement of the 6th Army in the Battle of Stalingrad in November 1942, Hoth's panzer army unsuccessfully attempted to relieve it during Operation Winter Storm. After Stalingrad, Hoth was involved in the Third Battle of Kharkov, the Battle of Kursk in the summer of 1943 and the Battle of Kiev.

Question: В каком году родился Герман Гот?


Hermann Hoth

Context: Hoth implemented the criminal Commissar Order during the invasion of the Soviet Union. After the war, Hoth was convicted of war crimes and crimes against humanity in the High Command trial and sentenced to 15 years. He was released on parole in 1954.

Question: В каком году родился Герман Гот?


Hermann Hoth

Context: He remained in the "Reichswehr" (the armed forces of the Weimar Republic) in the interwar period, serving at the organization department of the General Staff. In 1927, Hoth was sent to the Soviet Union as part of secret military cooperation missions.

Question: В каком году родился Герман Гот?


Hermann Hoth

Context: In November 1942, the Soviet Operation Uranus broke through the Axis lines and trapped the Sixth Army in Stalingrad. Hoth's panzer army led the unsuccessful attempt to relieve the Sixth Army (Operation Winter Storm), under the overall command of Field Marshal Erich von Manstein's Army Group Don. By 25 December, the operation had failed. Hoth's forces suffered heavy losses and were forced to retreat into the eastern Ukraine.

Question: В каком году родился Герман Гот?


Hermann Hoth

Context: Hoth was found guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity. On 27 October 1948 he was sentenced to 15 years in prison. Hoth served his time in the prison of Landsberg am Lech. In January 1951, the sentence was reviewed with no changes. Hoth was released on parole in 1954; his sentence was reduced to time served in 1957.

Question: В каком году родился Герман Гот?


Hermann Hoth

Context: In course of the war, Hoth wrote down extensive notes, comparable in length to "The Halder Diaries". Even though these notes were long ignored in historiography, Hürter argued that Hoth's writings were of high value as they complement the information contained in Halder's diaries. For instance, Hoth documented Hitler's speech to his high-ranking officers before Operation Barbarossa in much more detail than any other source, outlining German strategic and ideological aims.

Question: В каком году родился Герман Гот?


3rd Shock Army

Context: The 3rd Shock Army () was a field army of the Red Army formed during the Second World War. The "Shock" armies were created with the specific structure to engage and destroy significant enemy forces, and were reinforced with more armoured and artillery assets than other combined arms armies. Where necessary the Shock armies were reinforced with mechanised, tank, and cavalry units. During the Second World War, some Shock armies included armoured trains and air–sled equipped units.

Question: Когда состоялась Лубанско-Мадонская наступательная операция?


3rd Shock Army

Context: The Army was created from the headquarters of 60th Army (1st formation), which had been formed in the Moscow Military District in November 1941. Initially, the 60th Army comprised the 334th, 336th, 358th, and 360th Rifle Divisions and the 11th Cavalry Division, and was tasked with fortifying the left bank of the Volga River from Unza to Kosmodemiansk. The rifle divisions were reallocated to the 4th Shock Army, which was forming up at the same time nearby.

Question: Когда состоялась Лубанско-Мадонская наступательная операция?


3rd Shock Army

Context: It was initially a part of the Moscow Defense Zone in the Reserve of the Supreme High Command (RVGK). However, 3rd Shock was soon allocated to join the North–Western Front on 27 December 1941 as part of the Moscow counteroffensive. Matters were not improved by the lack of supplies, aggravated by horrible communications; the assault troops did not get a full meal before the offensive due to food shortages.

Question: Когда состоялась Лубанско-Мадонская наступательная операция?


3rd Shock Army

Context: In April 1945, the 3rd Shock Army (HQ Stendal) as part of the 1st Belorussian Front had the following major component formations and units:

Question: Когда состоялась Лубанско-Мадонская наступательная операция?


3rd Shock Army

Context: The Army took Pankow, a suburb of Berlin, on 23 April 1945. A week later, two regiments of the 150th Rifle Division, 79th Rifle Corps were responsible for erecting flags over the Reichstag on 30 April 1945, one of which was known as the Victory Banner. A future commander of the Army, V.I. Varennikov, would also command the honour guard of the Victory Banner. The Army's active service ended when fighting ceased in Berlin on 8 May 1945.

Question: Когда состоялась Лубанско-Мадонская наступательная операция?


3rd Shock Army

Context: The 3rd Shock Army stayed in Germany after the end of the war, becoming part of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany. During the 1960s and early 1970s, the Army's divisions were equipped with T–62 and T–55 tanks.

Question: Когда состоялась Лубанско-Мадонская наступательная операция?


3rd Shock Army

Context: The army kept the descriptive title "shock" until 1954, when it became the 3rd "Red Banner" Combined Arms Army (). Army headquarters was located in Magdeburg from January 1946.

Question: Когда состоялась Лубанско-Мадонская наступательная операция?


3rd Shock Army

Context: There was an army reorganisation in June 1964 and a number of divisions were switched into and out of the army. It was awarded the Order of the Red Banner in 1974.

Question: Когда состоялась Лубанско-Мадонская наступательная операция?


3rd Shock Army

Context: During the late 1970s, the divisions received T–64As, T–64Bs (one third of each battalion), and eventually T–64BVs with dynamic armour. In 1984, a decision was made to re–equip the formations with T–80BV variants (10th Guards Tank Division), replacing the T–64s, BMP–1/2 and variants, and various BTR variants.

Question: Когда состоялась Лубанско-Мадонская наступательная операция?


3rd Shock Army

Context: During 1989–91, a past commanding officer of the Army (1969) V.I. Varennikov was the Commander in Chief of the Soviet Ground Forces. The Army was relocated from Germany during 1990–1991. Army headquarters was briefly sent to the Far East Military District, but then disbanded. The "out of Germany transfer" directive was issued 15 April 1991, but the Army did not leave until November 1991. The Army headquarters arrived in Khabarovsk in January 1992, but was disbanded in early March 1992.

Question: Когда состоялась Лубанско-Мадонская наступательная операция?


Clive Barker's Undying

Context: Clive Barker's Undying is a horror first-person shooter video game developed by EA Los Angeles and published by EA Games. The game's story was written by acclaimed horror writer Clive Barker. He also provided the voice of Ambrose Covenant, a character in the game.

Question: Сколько игроков могут одновременно играть в Clive Barker’s Undying?


Clive Barker's Undying

Context: "Undying" follows the adventures of 1920s Irish paranormal adventurer Patrick Galloway as he investigates the mysterious occult happenings at the estate of his friend Jeremiah Covenant. It received favorable reviews from critics, and gained a cult following.

Question: Сколько игроков могут одновременно играть в Clive Barker’s Undying?


Clive Barker's Undying

Context: In 1923, World War I veteran Patrick Galloway receives an urgent letter from his friend Jeremiah Covenant. Covenant, well aware of Galloway's reputation for dealing with occult matters, is in failing health and raves about a curse that has destroyed his entire family. Galloway travels to the Covenant estate on the coast of Ireland to visit his friend, who relates an outlandish tale of supernatural terrors.

Question: Сколько игроков могут одновременно играть в Clive Barker’s Undying?


Clive Barker's Undying

Context: Galloway decides to honour his friend's wishes by trying to stop whatever was set in motion long ago at the ancient stones where the ritual was performed. Through the Covenants' journals and Galloway's own memories, the player learns more about the nature of the curse and the creature behind it: the Undying King, a powerful demonic presence threatening to destroy the reality we inhabit. He also receives a vision of a group of priests burying a Celtic king alive as part of a ritual in ancient times.

Question: Сколько игроков могут одновременно играть в Clive Barker’s Undying?


Clive Barker's Undying

Context: While attempting to prevent the Undying King from entering our world, Patrick must face off against the four undead Covenant siblings as well as Count Otto Keisinger, an evil rival who simply wants to gain power from the demonic forces.

Question: Сколько игроков могут одновременно играть в Clive Barker’s Undying?


Clive Barker's Undying

Context: After a long, difficult battle, Patrick is able to destroy the King, but as he leaves the island in a daze, a man he recognizes (and who he says cannot possibly be there) steals his Gel'ziabar Stone and claims that he isn't done with Patrick yet. A sequel hook is added by a mention that after researching the brotherhood of monks, Patrick learns that they had monasteries at similar sites all over the world, and he realizes that this is just one of many coming trials.

Question: Сколько игроков могут одновременно играть в Clive Barker’s Undying?


Clive Barker's Undying

Context: Also, as is common with first-person shooters, combat is interspersed with simple puzzle-solving elements which usually involve overcoming an obstacle (such as a locked door) which impedes the player's progress through the game. Along with the usual "find the key" solution, the player is also often required to engage in conversation with (non-player) characters, or use a certain spell (usually the "Scrye" spell) in order to find out how to proceed.

Question: Сколько игроков могут одновременно играть в Clive Barker’s Undying?


Clive Barker's Undying

Context: Originally, the protagonist of the game was to be "Count Magnus Wolfram", a tattooed man with superhuman strength and supernatural abilities. Barker himself rejected this idea, noting that the more normal, down-to-earth Patrick Galloway would be easier to relate to for the average gamer. Wolfram's character model plays a small part in the finished product, however. He is the Trsanti shaman who attacks a younger Galloway with the Gel'ziabar Stone in the opening cutscene flashback.

Question: Сколько игроков могут одновременно играть в Clive Barker’s Undying?


Clive Barker's Undying

Context: Jeff Lundrigan reviewed the PC version of the game for "Next Generation", rating it three stars out of five, and stated that "The production is top-notch, and there are some good first-person thrills, but about halfway through it nearly runs out of steam."

Question: Сколько игроков могут одновременно играть в Clive Barker’s Undying?


Clive Barker's Undying

Context: "Undying" sold poorly with sales so low that announced plans for a multiplayer patch were abandoned. Console versions of the game were also cancelled, and EA and Brady Bell reportedly shelved the idea of a sequel.

Question: Сколько игроков могут одновременно играть в Clive Barker’s Undying?


1842 Wallachian princely election

Context: With Ghica gone, an alliance of the factions, represented by Câmpineanu, Vilara, Filipescu-Vulpea, and Ion Ghica, suggested the appointment of Mihail Sturdza, the reigning Prince of Moldavia, as ruler over Wallachia. This initiative for personal union was quickly vetoed by Russia. Instead, the Sultan designated a regency of three "Caimacami": Prince Ghica's rival, "Ban" Filipescu, alongside "Logothete" Mihalache Cornescu and "Vornic" Teodor Văcărescu-Furtună.

Question: Когда появились русофилы?


1842 Wallachian princely election

Context: Electors were made to swear "on the body of Jesus Christ" that they "would only listen to their conscience and to the country's interests." They were also shielded from outside interference by three companies of the Militia, commanded for the day by Neofit II Geanoglu, the Wallachian Metropolitan Bishop. Neofit also led a prayer service in which he released the electors from all pledges to their candidates, inviting them to vote "in clear conscience".

Question: Когда появились русофилы?


1842 Wallachian princely election

Context: 179 or 181 of 188 voters were present, with 8 to 10 electors never showing up. They included Mihalache Ghica, brother of Alexandru and Costache, who was probably absent on purpose. Another voter, the guild deputy Constantin Naneș, was found to be a Roman Catholic, and therefore could not be sworn in by the Metropolitan. According to other records, he was present after being made to swear a special oath at the Franciscan Church of Bucharest.

Question: Когда появились русофилы?


Colorado River

Context: Before 20th-century development dewatered the lower Colorado, a major tidal bore was present in the delta and estuary; the first historical record was made by the Croatian missionary in Spanish service Father Ferdinand Konščak on July 18, 1746. During spring tide conditions, the tidal bore—locally called "El Burro"—formed in the estuary about Montague Island in Baja California and propagated upstream.

Question: Сколько портов есть на реке Колора́до?


Colorado River

Context: Due to water diversions, flows at the mouth of the river have steadily declined since the early 1900s. Since 1960, the Colorado has typically dried up before reaching the sea, with the exception of a few wet years. In addition to water consumption, flows have declined due to evaporation from reservoirs and warming temperatures that reduce winter snow accumulation. Several of the Colorado's major tributaries, including the Gila River, also no longer reach the Colorado due to upstream diversions.

Question: Сколько портов есть на реке Колора́до?


Colorado River

Context: Lorenzo Sitgreaves led the first Corps of Topographical Engineers mission across northern Arizona to the Colorado River (near modern Bullhead City, Arizona), and down its east bank to the river crossings of the Southern Immigrant Trail at Fort Yuma in 1851.

Question: Сколько портов есть на реке Колора́до?


Colorado River

Context: The second Corps of Topographical Engineers expedition passed along and crossed the Colorado was the 1853–1854 Pacific Railroad Survey expedition along the 35th parallel north from Oklahoma to Los Angeles, led by Lt. Amiel Weeks Whipple.

Question: Сколько портов есть на реке Колора́до?


Colorado River

Context: In 1944, a treaty between the U.S. and Mexico allocated of Colorado River water to Mexico each year. Morelos Dam was constructed in 1950 to enable Mexico to utilize its share of the river. Water allocated to Mexico from the Colorado River is regulated by the International Boundary and Water Commission, which also apportions waters from the Rio Grande between the two countries.

Question: Сколько портов есть на реке Колора́до?


Colorado River

Context: The most severe drought on record, the southwestern North American megadrought, began in the early 21st century, in which the river basin has produced above-average runoff in only five years between 2000 and 2021. The region is experiencing a warming trend, which is accompanied by earlier snowmelt, lower precipitation and greater evapotranspiration. A 2004 study showed that a 1–6 percent decrease of precipitation would lead to runoff declining by as much as 18 percent by 2050.

Question: Сколько портов есть на реке Колора́до?


Colorado River

Context: A wet winter in 2011 temporarily raised lake levels, but dry conditions returned in the next two years. In 2014, the Bureau of Reclamation cut releases from Lake Powell by 10 percent —the first such reduction since the 1960s, when Lake Powell was being filled for the first time. This resulted in Lake Mead dropping to its lowest recorded level since 1937, when it was first being filled.

Question: Сколько портов есть на реке Колора́до?


Colorado River

Context: On August 16, 2021 the Bureau of Reclamation released the Colorado River Basin August 2021 24-Month Study, and for the first time declared a shortage and that because of "ongoing historic drought and low runoff conditions in the Colorado River Basin, downstream releases from Glen Canyon Dam and Hoover Dam will be reduced in 2022 due to declining reservoir levels."

Question: Сколько портов есть на реке Колора́до?


Colorado River

Context: The Lower Basin reductions will reduce the annual apportionments – Arizona's by 18 percent, Nevada's by 7 percent, and Mexico's by 5 percent.

Question: Сколько портов есть на реке Колора́до?


Colorado River

Context: |title = The History of Large Federal Dams: Planning, Design and Construction in the Era of Big Dams

Question: Сколько портов есть на реке Колора́до?


Colorado River

Context: |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120222093259/http://www.usbr.gov/history/HistoryofLargeDams/LargeFederalDams.pdf

Question: Сколько портов есть на реке Колора́до?


Presidential Administration of Russia

Context: The Presidential Executive Office of Russia or the Presidential Administration of Russia () is the executive office of the President of Russia created by a decree of Boris Yeltsin on 19 July 1991 as an institution supporting the activity of the president (then Yeltsin) and the vice-president (then Aleksandr Rutskoy, in 1993 the position was abolished) of Russian SFSR (now Russian Federation), as well as deliberative bodies attached to the president, including the Security Council.

Question: Где находится штаб-квартира Администрации Президента Российской Федерации?


Presidential Administration of Russia

Context: The Chief of Staff of the Presidential Executive Office, his deputies, heads of main directorates and services and their deputies are appointed by the President of Russia and don't need to be approved by any other government body. Other staff are appointed by the Chief of Staff of the Presidential Executive Office.

Question: Где находится штаб-квартира Администрации Президента Российской Федерации?


Presidential Administration of Russia

Context: On 2 October 1996, Boris Yeltsin signed a decree approving the Regulations of Presidential Administration of Russia.

Question: Где находится штаб-квартира Администрации Президента Российской Федерации?


Presidential Administration of Russia

Context: The authors of «Revision number Six» stated that Russian social and political system at the time was self-regulatory that was totally unacceptable to Putin who wished that all social and political processes in Russia were completely managed by one single body. The Presidential Administration and, more specifically, its Domestic Policy Directorate was to be such body.

Question: Где находится штаб-квартира Администрации Президента Российской Федерации?


Presidential Administration of Russia

Context: According to Vasily Gatov, the analyst of Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism at the University of Southern California, the realizations of the provisions of «Revision number Six» means building the state where democratic institutions exist nominally but in reality these institutions are fully controlled by Presidential Administration and secret police. He characterized such regime as «counterintelligence state» (one of the kinds of guided democracy).

Question: Где находится штаб-квартира Администрации Президента Российской Федерации?


10th Congress of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)

Context: The congress intricately examined party unity and dissent during the meetings. The congress adopted resolution "On Party Unity," which effectively and immediately dissolved all party factions. Lenin also introduced “On the Syndicalist and Anarchist Deviation in our Party”, which the congress also adopted.

Question: По какому адресу проходил X съезд Российской коммунистической партии?


Context: The result of the debate on the trade unions was a rejection by the congress of the views of Trotsky, who was supported by the 9th Secretariat, the Workers' Opposition and the Democratic Centralists. The resolution "On the Role and Tasks of the Trade Unions", which incorporated Lenin's definition of the role of the trade unions as educational organizations and schools of administration, economic management, and communism, was adopted by a majority vote.

Question: По какому адресу проходил X съезд Российской коммунистической партии?


Context: The dissolution of all factions was ordered by the congress. The congress also gave the Central Committee the power to apply discipline against factional activity, including party expulsion.

Question: По какому адресу проходил X съезд Российской коммунистической партии?


Context: The congress ordered a purge of the party to restore it to a "condition of soundness." The congress also resolved to "recognize the necessity for a determined and systematic struggle against" syndicalist and anarchist deviations and that these ideas were incompatible with those of the Russian Communist Party.

Question: По какому адресу проходил X съезд Российской коммунистической партии?


Context: Control Commissions were established to create and strengthen party unity by combatting careerism and bureaucratization.

Question: По какому адресу проходил X съезд Российской коммунистической партии?


Context: The congress established that the role of trade unions was to further the support for proletarian dictatorship, and to act as a school of communism.

Question: По какому адресу проходил X съезд Российской коммунистической партии?


Context: State requisitions and procurements of raw material, such as grain, were replaced with a monetary tax. The poorest peasants and farms would be exempt from the tax and those that exhibited increase in productivity under these new rules will be subject to advantages in the form of tax reduction.

Question: По какому адресу проходил X съезд Российской коммунистической партии?


Supreme Soviet of Russia

Context: In the 1940s, the Supreme Soviet Presidium and the Council of Ministers of the Russian SFSR were located in the former mansion of counts Osterman (str Delegatskaya, 3), which was later in 1991 given to a museum. The sessions were held in Grand Kremlin Palace. In 1981 the Supreme Soviet was moved to a specially constructed building on Krasnopresnenskaya embankment, The House of Soviets.

Question: Когда был организован Верховный Совет России?


Supreme Soviet of Russia

Context: The Supreme Soviet was abolished in October 1993 (after the events of Russia's 1993 constitutional crisis) and replaced by the Federal Assembly of Russia (consists of the Federation Council of Russia and State Duma), whose powers are weaker than Supreme Council ones.

Question: Когда был организован Верховный Совет России?


Supreme Soviet of Russia

Context: Prior to 1990, the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet was head of state of the Russian SFSR but exercised only nominal powers. In contrast to other Soviet republics of the Soviet Union, the Russian SFSR did not have its own Communist Party and did not have its own first secretaries (which in other republics are relatively independent of power) until 1990.

Question: Когда был организован Верховный Совет России?


Supreme Soviet of Russia

Context: Following the adoption of amendments to the Constitution of the Russian SFSR in October 1989, the office of Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet was removed, and the position of the Russian head of state passed directly to the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR in May 1990.

Question: Когда был организован Верховный Совет России?


House of Denis Davydov in Bolshoy Znamensky Lane

Context: The house of Denis Davydov in Bolshoy Znamensky Lane () is a mansion beginning of the 19th century in the center of Moscow (Bolshoy Znamensky lane, house 17). In this house from 1826 to 1830 lived the hero of the Patriotic War of 1812, Major-General Denis Davydov. Currently, the mansion belongs to the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. The house of Denis Davydov has the status of an object of cultural heritage of federal significance.

Question: Сколько детей было у Дени́са Васи́льевича Давы́дова?


Context: The two-story mansion was practically not reconstructed from the beginning of the 19th century. The central part of it ends with a small mezzanine with a low triangular pediment. The side parts at the level of the first floor were originally trimmed by a rust. Three windows of the second floor are decorated with sandrikami.

Question: Сколько детей было у Дени́са Васи́льевича Давы́дова?


Jun Fukushima

Context: is a Japanese voice actor and narrator who is affiliated with Arts Vision. He has been acting since the 1990s.

Question: В каком фильме снимался Дзюн Фукуяма?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: As World War II broke out, Semyon Vysotsky, a military reserve officer, joined the Soviet army and went to fight the Nazis. Nina and Vladimir were evacuated to the village of Vorontsovka, in Orenburg Oblast where the boy had to spend six days a week in a kindergarten and his mother worked for twelve hours a day in a chemical factory. In 1943, both returned to their Moscow apartment at 1st Meschanskaya St., 126. In September 1945, Vladimir joined the 1st class of the 273rd Moscow Rostokino region School.

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: 1972 he stepped up in Soviet Estonian TV where he present his songs and giving interview. The name of the show was "Young Man from Taganka" (Noormees Tagankalt).

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: Still, of nearly 800 poems by Vysotsky only one has been published in the Soviet Union while he was alive. Not a single performance or interview was broadcast by the Soviet television in his lifetime.

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: Vysotsky's first wife was Iza Zhukova. They met in 1956, being both MAT theater institute students, lived for some time at Vysotsky's mother's flat in Moscow, after her graduation (Iza was 2 years older) spent months in different cities (her – in Kiev, then Rostov) and finally married on 25 April 1960.

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: He met his second wife Lyudmila Abramova in 1961, while shooting the film "713 Requests Permission to Land". They married in 1965 and had two sons, Arkady (born 1962) and Nikita (born 1964).

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: In 1982 the motion picture "The Ballad of the Valiant Knight Ivanhoe" was produced in the Soviet Union and in 1983 the movie was released to the public. Four songs by Vysotsky were featured in the film.

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: In 1989 the official Vladimir Vysotsky Museum opened in Moscow, with the magazine of its own called "Vagant" (edited by Sergey Zaitsev) devoted entirely to Vysotsky's legacy. In 1996 it became an independent publication and was closed in 2002.

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: In the years to come, Vysotsky's grave became a site of pilgrimage for several generations of his fans, the youngest of whom were born after his death. His tombstone also became the subject of controversy, as his widow had wished for a simple abstract slab, while his parents insisted on a realistic gilded statue. Although probably too solemn to have inspired Vysotsky himself, the statue is believed by some to be full of metaphors and symbols reminiscent of the singer's life.

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: The Vysotsky business center & semi-skyscraper was officially opened in Yekaterinburg, in 2011. It is the tallest building in Russia outside of Moscow, has 54 floors, total height: . On the third floor of the business center is the Vladimir Vysotsky Museum. Behind the building is a bronze sculpture of Vladimir Vysotsky and his third wife, a French actress Marina Vlady.

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: In 2011 a controversial movie "Vysotsky. Thank You For Being Alive" was released, script written by his son, Nikita Vysotsky. The actor Sergey Bezrukov portrayed Vysotsky, using a combination of a mask and CGI effects. The film tells about Vysotsky's illegal underground performances, problems with KGB and drugs, and subsequent clinical death in 1979.

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: Shortly after Vysotsky's death, many Russian bards started writing songs and poems about his life and death. The best known are Yuri Vizbor's "Letter to Vysotsky" (1982) and Bulat Okudzhava's "About Volodya Vysotsky" (1980). In Poland, Jacek Kaczmarski based some of his songs on those of Vysotsky, such as his first song (1977) was based on "The Wolfhunt", and dedicated to his memory the song "Epitafium dla Włodzimierza Wysockiego" ("Epitaph for Vladimir Vysotsky").

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: Every year on Vysotsky's birthday festivals are held throughout Russia and in many communities throughout the world, especially in Europe. Vysotsky's impact in Russia is often compared to that of Wolf Biermann in Germany, Bob Dylan in America, or Georges Brassens and Jacques Brel in France.

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: The Sata Kieli Cultural Association, [Finland], organizes the annual International Vladimir Vysotsky Festival (Vysotski Fest), where Vysotsky's singers from different countries perform in Helsinki and other Finnish cities. They sing Vysotsky in different languages and in different arrangements.

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: Two brothers and singers from Finland, Mika and Turkka Mali, over the course of their more than 30 year musical career, have translated into Finnish, recorded and on numerous occasions publicly performed songs of Vladimir Vysotsky.

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: The multifaceted talent of Vladimir Vysotsky is often described by the term "bard" ("бард") that Vysotsky has never been enthusiastic about. He thought of himself mainly as an actor and poet rather than a singer, and once remarked, "I do not belong to what people call bards or minstrels or whatever." With the advent of portable tape-recorders in the Soviet Union, Vysotsky's music became available to the masses in the form of home-made reel-to-reel audio tape recordings (later on cassette tapes).

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: His earliest songs were usually written in C minor (with the guitar tuned a tone down from DGBDGBD to CFACFAC), using the following chord shapes:

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: Songs written in this key include "Stars" (Zvyozdy), "My friend left for Magadan" (Moy drug uyekhal v Magadan), and most of his "outlaw songs".

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: At around 1970, Vysotsky began writing and playing exclusively in A minor (guitar tuned to CFACFAC), which he continued doing until his death. The main chord shapes he based his songs on were:

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: Vysotsky used his fingers instead of a pick to pluck and strum, as was the tradition with Russian guitar playing. He used a variety of finger picking and strumming techniques. One of his favorite was to play an alternating bass with his thumb as he plucked or strummed with his other fingers.

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Vladimir Vysotsky

Context: Vysotsky had a unique singing style. He had an unusual habit of elongating consonants instead of vowels in his songs. So when a syllable is sung for a prolonged period of time, he would elongate the consonant instead of the vowel in that syllable.

Question: Сколько длился брак Высоцкого и Влади?


Escape from Freedom

Context: Freedom, argues Fromm, became an important issue in the 20th century, being seen as something to be fought for and defended. However, it has not always occupied such a prominent place in people's thinking and, as an experience, is not necessarily something that is unambiguously enjoyable.

Question: В каком году вышла книга Эриха Фромма "Бегство от свободы"?


Escape from Freedom

Context: As 'freedom from' is not an experience we enjoy in itself, Fromm suggests that many people, rather than using it successfully, attempt to minimise its negative effects by developing thoughts and behaviours that provide some form of security. These are as follows:

Question: В каком году вышла книга Эриха Фромма "Бегство от свободы"?


International Ornithologists' Union

Context: The International Ornithologists' Union, formerly known as the International Ornithological Committee, is a group of about 200 international ornithologists, and is responsible for the International Ornithological Congress and other international ornithological activities, undertaken by its standing committees.

Question: Когда был создан Международный союз орнитологов?


Battle of Ganja (1804)

Context: After this response, the Russian troops moved forward and opened gunfire. Javad Khan defended heroically and the siege lasted a month, Tsitsianov renewed demands to surrender for five times, but to no avail."I'll take the fortress and I will deliver thee to death," - he wrote and the stubborn Khan answered: "You'll find me dead on the fortress wall !", and both vowed to fulfil his promises. Finally, the 14th in January 1804, the Russian council of war decided to do: "Be the assault the next day".

Question: Как долго длился штурм Гянджи?


Battle of Ganja (1804)

Context: Tsitsianov deeply appreciated the effort of the soldiers in the capture of the fortress and wrote:"...this is proof of moral superiority of Russian Empire over Persians and that spirit of confidence in the victory, will feed and warm up the soldiers that I consider as my first purpose".

Question: Как долго длился штурм Гянджи?


Battle of Ganja (1804)

Context: The elder son of Javad Khan, Hossein Quli khan, was also killed during the battle, the rest of the khan's family was taken prisoner and years later (1812) were given permission to go to Iran via Baku. His younger son, Ughurlu, survived, went to Iran and later fought the Russian Empire when the Iranians attacked Ganja in the second Russo-Persian war.

Question: Как долго длился штурм Гянджи?


Battle of Ganja (1804)

Context: Various Persian and western historians have written on the dimensions of the massacre that took place after the fall of the city. Etemad ol saltane (an Iranian historian) states that the massacre that ensued after the battle continued for three days, Hedayat has a more accurate time of three hours, Abbasgulu Bakikhanov mentions the massacre but does not give more information. It is estimated that about 1,500-3,000 men died.

Question: Как долго длился штурм Гянджи?


Battle of Ganja (1804)

Context: At the beginning of the battle, Javad khan sent a messenger to Fath Ali Shah and asked reinforcement. Shah gathered a 30,000 strong force and sent them to Ganja, but the force did not reach the Ganja in time because of the coldness of January and also because Hossein Khan Sardar, the governor khan of the Erevan Khanate had rebelled against the Shah and only one letter carrier, Saied Bayk, reached the town in time.

Question: Как долго длился штурм Гянджи?


Battle of Ganja (1804)

Context: Javad Khan's surviving wives and relatives who had not escaped to Iran (as had most of his sons) were arrested. They were held as prisoners in the citadel until 1812, when they were freed by Tsitsianov's successor Philip Paulucci, who held the view that Javad Khan was a valiant man who died fighting to defend his interests.

Question: Как долго длился штурм Гянджи?


Battle of Ganja (1804)

Context: With Tsitianov's attack on Ganja, the Iranians saw a direct invasion of their country's territory. The issue was now no longer to impose tribute on the Lezgins or about re-asserting Persian domination over Christian Georgia, which had happened several years before; now, the integrity of Shi'ite Iran itself had been violated by the invasion of the town of Ganja.

Question: Как долго длился штурм Гянджи?


Battle of Ganja (1804)

Context: a. Iranian historians like Donbuli, blames the Armenians of Ganja and Nasib beg Shams-od-dinlu for the fall of the fortress and accuse the Armenians for opening the gate for capturing the tower .

Question: Как долго длился штурм Гянджи?


Mine flail

Context: The mine flail consists of a number of heavy chains ending in fist-sized steel balls (flails) that are attached to a horizontal, rapidly rotating rotor mounted on two arms in front of the vehicle. The rotor's rotation makes the flails spin wildly and violently pound the ground. The force of a flail strike above a buried mine mimics the weight of a person or vehicle and causes the mine to detonate, but in a safe manner that does little damage to the flails or the vehicle.

Question: Когда впервые начали использовать кисте́нь?


Mine flail

Context: The idea is commonly attributed to a South African soldier, Captain Abraham du Toit. A test rig was constructed in South Africa and results were so encouraging that du Toit was promoted and sent to England to develop the idea.

Question: Когда впервые начали использовать кисте́нь?


Mine flail

Context: Twenty-five Matilda Scorpions, operated by the 1st Army Tank Brigade's 42nd Royal Tank Regiment and 44th Royal Tank Regiment, were available by October 1942 and took part in the Second Battle of El Alamein. German minefields around El Alamein contained around three million mines and had been named the "Devil's gardens" by the German commander, Erwin Rommel. Breaching these minefields was vital to the Allied battleplan.

Question: Когда впервые начали использовать кисте́нь?


Mine flail

Context: Meanwhile, in Britain, du Toit (as unaware of developments in North Africa as they were of his), working with AEC Limited, had developed the "Matilda Baron". The Baron's problem was that, like the Scorpion, the rotor was powered by external, auxiliary engines that made it too wide to cross a Bailey bridge and which had to be removed if it was to be transported by rail. Curran Brothers of Cardiff constructed 60 Barons, but they were only used for demonstrations and training.

Question: Когда впервые начали использовать кисте́нь?


Mine flail

Context: Unlike the Matilda Scorpion and Matilda Baron, the Crab's flail was powered by the main engine, the Sherman's transmission being modified to add a power take off and removing the need for an outside, auxiliary engine. The Crab's rotor carried 43 flails and was driven at 142 rpm by a driveshaft running down the right hand side of the tank. The addition of a gearbox was required to maintain the correct flail speed when the tank was traveling slower, such as while climbing.

Question: Когда впервые начали использовать кисте́нь?


Mine flail

Context: In combat, the usual tactic was to use Crabs in groups of five. Three would go forward in echelon formation, clearing a broad path through the minefield. The other two would hang back on the flanks and give fire support, but were ready to move forward to replace one of the flailing tanks if it was disabled.

Question: Когда впервые начали использовать кисте́нь?


Mine flail

Context: The Crab had disadvantages; flailing did not remove all mines. A Teller mine buried up to deep would be set off, but the resulting explosion would destroy a single flail chain, which would have to be replaced at some point.

Question: Когда впервые начали использовать кисте́нь?


Mine flail

Context: The Sherman Crab saw limited use by the American army; the Crab Mark 1 was designated the "Mine Exploder T3 Flail" and the Crab Mark II the "Mine Exploder T4". The flail idea was also copied by the Japanese, who produced a prototype known as the Type 97 Chi-Yu that was based on a Type 97 Chi-Ha tank. In the 1950s, the British Army used heavily armoured Churchill tanks fitted with flails - this was the Churchill Flail FV3902 or "Toad".

Question: Когда впервые начали использовать кисте́нь?


Mine flail

Context: Tanks are still used to carry flails; examples include the Norwegian Army's "Leopard AMCV" – a Leopard tank that was modified by Hagglunds to carry an Aardvark flail system. The German Army is equipped with the Keiler "" (mine clearing tank "wild boar"), based on a M48 Patton main battle tank. The first of 24 Keilers was supplied to the German Army by Rheinmetall in 1997.

Question: Когда впервые начали использовать кисте́нь?


Mine flail

Context: Mine flails have the advantage of being able to clear most mines from an area comparatively rapidly - the manufacturer of the British Aardvark Mark 4 quotes a maximum rate of per hour, however per hour is more usual. Also, flails don't place their operators at significant risk, unlike manual demining.

Question: Когда впервые начали использовать кисте́нь?


Mine flail

Context: An additional problem is the vulnerability of some current mine flail vehicles to anti-tank mines. This means that, if the presence of anti-tank mines is suspected, the minefield must, paradoxically, be manually checked first to make it safe for the mine flail. These problems have led many humanitarian demining organisations to abandon the use of flails.

Question: Когда впервые начали использовать кисте́нь?


Mine flail

Context: The clearance rate of mine flails can approach 100%, although rates as low as 50%-60% have been reported.

Question: Когда впервые начали использовать кисте́нь?


Mine flail

Context: Effective clearance requires both suitable conditions and experienced flail operators. Current mine flails do not operate effectively on a gradient greater than 30% or on ground that is especially dry or boggy. A large number of rocks, greater than around in diameter, will also hamper flailing, as they will tend to shield mines from flail blows. This is a particular problem in Lebanon, so the United Nations mine clearing operations in the south of that country have barred the use of flails.

Question: Когда впервые начали использовать кисте́нь?


Mine flail

Context: Experience in Afghanistan suggests that, despite the disadvantages, mine flailing can, in certain circumstances, be a valuable step in a multi-stage demining process. They remove most mines, but the area must still be checked manually. This is made easier by the fact that the flails strip most vegetation from the minefield and are very effective at disposing of trip-wire triggered booby trap devices.

Question: Когда впервые начали использовать кисте́нь?


Mine flail

Context: Sherman Crabs are displayed at the CFB Borden Military Museum, Ontario, Canada; the Yad La-Shiryon museum in Latrun, the Overloon War Museum in the Netherlands; The Tank Museum, Bovington in England; and the Cavalry Tank Museum in Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India. The Sherman preserved on the seawall at Westkapelle in the Netherlands to commemorate the amphibious assault on Walcheren in November 1944 was originally a Crab, but the flails have been removed.

Question: Когда впервые начали использовать кисте́нь?


Mine flail

Context: At one time The Tank Museum, Bovington, had a Churchill Flail FV3902 "Toad" in its collection. However they no longer have it and its present whereabouts are unknown. Another Toad was restored to full working condition in England and in May 2008 was acquired by Jacques Littlefield's Military Vehicle Technology Foundation in California. In 2014, the foundation sold it at auction for US$80,500.

Question: Когда впервые начали использовать кисте́нь?


Mine flail

Context: A "Minenräumpanzer Keiler" is displayed at the German Tank Museum ("Deutsches Panzermuseum") near Munster, Germany.

Question: Когда впервые начали использовать кисте́нь?


Grigory Potemkin

Context: Prince Grigory Aleksandrovich Potemkin-Tauricheski (, , ;, ; ), or accurate name Grigory Aleksandrovich Potyomkin-Tauricheski(accurate way to read or speak ё in english is "yo" not "e") was a Russian military leader, statesman, nobleman, and favourite of Catherine the Great. He died during negotiations over the Treaty of Jassy, which ended a war with the Ottoman Empire that he had overseen.

Question: Сколько крепостных имел Григо́рий Алекса́ндрович Потёмкин-Таври́ческий?


Grigory Potemkin

Context: In 1775, Potemkin became the governor-general of Russia's new southern provinces. An absolute ruler, he worked to colonize the wild steppes, controversially dealing firmly with the Cossacks who lived there. He founded the towns of Kherson, Nikolayev, Sevastopol, and Ekaterinoslav. Ports in the region became bases for his new Black Sea Fleet.

Question: Сколько крепостных имел Григо́рий Алекса́ндрович Потёмкин-Таври́ческий?


Grigory Potemkin

Context: His rule in the south is associated with the, probably mythical, "Potemkin village", a ruse involving the construction of painted façades to mimic real villages, full of happy, well-fed people, for visiting officials to see. Potemkin was known for his love of women, gambling and material wealth. He oversaw the construction of many historically significant buildings, including the Tauride Palace in St. Petersburg.

Question: Сколько крепостных имел Григо́рий Алекса́ндрович Потёмкин-Таври́ческий?


Grigory Potemkin

Context: A distant relative of the Moscovite diplomat Pyotr Potemkin (1617–1700), Grigory was born in the village of Chizhovo near Smolensk into a family of middle-income noble landowners.

Question: Сколько крепостных имел Григо́рий Алекса́ндрович Потёмкин-Таври́ческий?


Grigory Potemkin

Context: The "criminal" breaking of the Cossack hosts, particularly the Zaporozhian Cossacks in 1775, helped define his rule. However, Montefiore argues that given their location, and in the wake of the Pugachev rebellion, the Cossacks were likely doomed in any case. By the time of Potemkin's death, the Cossacks and their threat of anarchic revolt were well controlled. Among the Zaporizhian Cossacks he was known as "Hrytsko Nechesa".

Question: Сколько крепостных имел Григо́рий Алекса́ндрович Потёмкин-Таври́ческий?


Grigory Potemkin

Context: Potemkin had used the state treasury as a personal bank, preventing the resolution of his financial affairs to this day. Catherine purchased the Tauride Palace and his art collection from his estate, and paid off his debts. Consequently, he left a relative fortune.

Question: Сколько крепостных имел Григо́рий Алекса́ндрович Потёмкин-Таври́ческий?


Grigory Potemkin

Context: Catherine's son Paul, who succeeded to the throne in 1796, attempted to undo as many of Potemkin's reforms as possible. The Tauride Palace was turned into a barracks, and the city of Gregoripol, which had been named in Potemkin's honor, was renamed.

Question: Сколько крепостных имел Григо́рий Алекса́ндрович Потёмкин-Таври́ческий?


Grigory Potemkin

Context: Potemkin's grave survived a destruction order issued by Paul and was eventually displayed by the Bolsheviks. His remains now appear to lie in his tomb at St. Catherine's Cathedral in Kherson. The exact whereabouts of some of his internal organs, including his heart and brain first kept at Golia Monastery in Jassy, remain unknown.

Question: Сколько крепостных имел Григо́рий Алекса́ндрович Потёмкин-Таври́ческий?


Grigory Potemkin

Context: Potemkin "exuded both menace and welcome"; he was arrogant, demanding of his courtiers, and very changeable in his moods, but also fascinating, warm, and kind. It was generally agreed among his female companions that he was "amply endowed with 'sex appeal'".

Question: Сколько крепостных имел Григо́рий Алекса́ндрович Потёмкин-Таври́ческий?


Grigory Potemkin

Context: It is possible that Potemkin was affected by bipolar disorder. His highs and lows, his material and sexual excesses, his impulsive whims, his energy and lethargy, and his depressive spells speak to some kind of bipolar disorder. In a time that was not aware of mental illness, Potemkin (and, it must be said, the people in his life such as Catherine) suffered from this lack of understanding.

Question: Сколько крепостных имел Григо́рий Алекса́ндрович Потёмкин-Таври́ческий?


Grigory Potemkin

Context: Despite attempts by Paul I to play down Potemkin's role in Russian history, his name found its way into numerous items of common parlance:

Question: Сколько крепостных имел Григо́рий Алекса́ндрович Потёмкин-Таври́ческий?