Tommy Lee Jones

Context: Jones has also portrayed historical figures such as businessman Howard Hughes in "The Amazing Howard Hughes", Radical Republican Congressman Thaddeus Stevens in "Lincoln", executed murderer Gary Gilmore in "The Executioner's Song", U.S. Army General Douglas MacArthur in "Emperor", businessman Clay Shaw, the only person prosecuted in connection with the assassination of President John F. Kennedy in "JFK", Oliver Vanetta "Doolittle" Lynn, in "Coal Miner's Daughter", and baseball player Ty Cobb in "Cobb".

Question: Onko Tommy Leellä lapsia?


Tommy Lee Jones

Context: Jones soon moved to Dallas and graduated from the St. Mark's School of Texas in 1965, which he attended on scholarship.

Question: Onko Tommy Leellä lapsia?


Tommy Lee Jones

Context: He attended Harvard College on need-based aid; his roommate was future Vice President Al Gore. As an upperclassman, he stayed in Dunster House with roommates Gore and Bob Somerby, who later became editor of the media criticism site The Daily Howler. Jones graduated "cum laude" with a Bachelor of Arts degree in English in 1969; his senior thesis was on "the mechanics of Catholicism" in the works of Flannery O'Connor. At Harvard, he was a pupil of dramatist Robert Chapman.

Question: Onko Tommy Leellä lapsia?


Tommy Lee Jones

Context: Jones played guard at Harvard from 1965 to 1968. He was a member of the Harvard's undefeated 1968 football team. He was named as a first-team All-Ivy League selection, and played in the 1968 Game. The game featured a memorable and last-minute Harvard 16-point comeback to tie Yale. He recounted his memory of "the most famous football game in Ivy League history" in the documentary "Harvard Beats Yale 29-29".

Question: Onko Tommy Leellä lapsia?


Tommy Lee Jones

Context: In films, he played an escaped convict hunted in "Jackson County Jail" (1976), a Vietnam veteran in "Rolling Thunder" (1977), an automobile mogul, co-starring with Laurence Olivier in the Harold Robbins drama "The Betsy", and Police Detective 'John Neville' opposite Faye Dunaway in the 1978 thriller "Eyes of Laura Mars".

Question: Onko Tommy Leellä lapsia?


Tommy Lee Jones

Context: In 1980, Jones earned his first Golden Globe nomination for his portrayal of country singer Loretta Lynn's husband, Doolittle "Mooney" Lynn, in "Coal Miner's Daughter". In 1981, he played a drifter opposite Sally Field in "Back Roads", a comedy that received middling reviews.

Question: Onko Tommy Leellä lapsia?


Tommy Lee Jones

Context: In 1983, he received an Emmy for Best Actor for his performance as murderer Gary Gilmore in a TV adaptation of Norman Mailer's "The Executioner's Song". That same year he starred in a pirate adventure, "Nate and Hayes", playing the heavily bearded pirate Captain Bully Hayes.

Question: Onko Tommy Leellä lapsia?


Tommy Lee Jones

Context: In 1989, he earned another Emmy nomination for his portrayal of Texas Ranger Woodrow F. Call in the acclaimed television mini-series "Lonesome Dove", based on the best-seller by Larry McMurtry.

Question: Onko Tommy Leellä lapsia?


Tommy Lee Jones

Context: Among his other well-known performances during the 1990s were those of the accused conspirator Clay Shaw/Clay Bertrand in the 1991 film "JFK" (which earned him another Oscar nomination), as a terrorist who hijacks a U.S. Navy battleship in "Under Siege" and as a maximum-security prison warden who's in way over his head in "Natural Born Killers". He also played the role of "Reverend" Roy Foltrigg in the 1994 film "The Client".

Question: Onko Tommy Leellä lapsia?


Tommy Lee Jones

Context: In 2005, the first theatrical feature film Jones directed, "The Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada", was presented at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival. Jones's character speaks both English and Spanish in the film. His performance won him the Best Actor Award at Cannes. His first film as a director had been "The Good Old Boys" in 1995, a made-for-television movie.

Question: Onko Tommy Leellä lapsia?


Tommy Lee Jones

Context: Two strong performances in 2007 marked a resurgence in Jones's career, one as a beleaguered father investigating the disappearance of his soldier son in "In the Valley of Elah", the other as a Texas sheriff hunting an assassin in the Oscar-winning "No Country for Old Men". For the former, he was nominated for an Academy Award.

Question: Onko Tommy Leellä lapsia?


Tommy Lee Jones

Context: In 2010, Jones appeared alongside Ben Affleck in the recession drama "The Company Men". The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival, where early reviews praised Jones's performance as "pitch-perfect." Jones had a role in the Marvel Studios film, "". He also directed, produced and co-starred with Samuel L. Jackson in an adaptation of "The Sunset Limited".

Question: Onko Tommy Leellä lapsia?


Tommy Lee Jones

Context: In 2012, there was another turning point in Jones's career, starting with playing Agent K again in "Men in Black 3", portraying Arnold Soames in the romantic dramedy "Hope Springs", and co-starring as Thaddeus Stevens in Steven Spielberg's "Lincoln". Jones's performance in "Lincoln" received wide critical acclaim, and he was nominated for an Oscar for the fourth time, for Best Supporting Actor.

Question: Onko Tommy Leellä lapsia?


House of Habsburg

Context: The House of Habsburg (), alternatively spelled Hapsburg in English (, ; ; ), also known as the House of Austria (, ; ), is an Austrian and Spanish dynasty which was once one of the most prominent royal houses of Europe in the 2nd millennium.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: Members of the Habsburg family oversee the Austrian branch of the Order of the Golden Fleece and the Imperial and Royal Order of Saint George. The current head of the family is Karl von Habsburg.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: The origins of Habsburg Castle's name are uncertain. There is disagreement on whether the name is derived from the High German "Habichtsburg" (hawk castle), or from the Middle High German word "hab/hap" meaning "ford", as there is a river with a ford nearby. The first documented use of the name by the dynasty itself has been traced to the year 1108.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: The Habsburg name was not continuously used by the family members, since they often emphasized their more prestigious princely titles. The dynasty was thus long known as the "House of Austria". Complementarily, in some circumstances the family members were identified by their place of birth. Charles V was known in his youth after his birthplace as Charles of Ghent. When he became king of Spain he was known as Charles of Spain, and after he was elected emperor, as Charles V (in French, "Charles Quint").

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: In Spain, the dynasty was known as the "Casa de Austria", including illegitimate sons such as John of Austria and John Joseph of Austria. The arms displayed in their simplest form were those of Austria, which the Habsburgs had made their own, at times impaled with the arms of the Duchy of Burgundy (ancient).

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: The surname of more recent members of the family such as Otto von Habsburg and Karl von Habsburg is taken to be "von Habsburg" or more completely "von Habsburg-Lothringen". Princes and members of the house use the tripartite arms adopted in the 18th century by Francis Stephen.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: The progenitor of the House of Habsburg may have been Guntram the Rich, a count in the Breisgau who lived in the 10th century, and forthwith farther back as the medieval Adalrich, Duke of Alsace, from the Etichonids from which Habsburg derives. His grandson Radbot of Klettgau founded the Habsburg Castle. That castle was the family seat during most of the 11th, 12th and 13th centuries.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: The Habsburgs expanded their influence through arranged marriages and by gaining political privileges, especially countship rights in Zürichgau, Aargau and Thurgau. In the 13th century, the house aimed its marriage policy at families in Upper Alsace and Swabia. They were also able to gain high positions in the church hierarchy for their members. Territorially, they often profited from the extinction of other noble families such as the House of Kyburg.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: While in Rome, Frederick III married Eleanor of Portugal, enabling him to build a network of connections with dynasties in the west and southeast of Europe. Frederick was rather distant to his family; Eleanor, by contrast, had a great influence on the raising and education of Frederick's children and therefore played an important role in the family's rise to prominence. After Frederick III's coronation, the Habsburgs were able to hold the imperial throne almost continuously until 1806.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: Through the forged document called "privilegium maius" (1358/59), Duke Rudolf IV (1339–1365) introduced the title of Archduke to place the Habsburgs on a par with the Prince-electors of the Empire, since Emperor Charles IV had omitted to give them the electoral dignity in his Golden Bull of 1356. Charles, however, refused to recognize the title, as did his immediate successors.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: In 1457 Duke Frederick V of Inner Austria also gained the Austrian archduchy after his Albertine cousin Ladislaus the Posthumous had died without issue. 1490 saw the reunification of all Habsburg lines when Archduke Sigismund of Further Austria and Tyrol resigned in favor of Frederick's son Maximilian I.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: As emperor, Frederick III took a leading role inside the family and positioned himself as the judge over the family's internal conflicts, often making use of the "privilegium maius". He was able to restore the unity of the house's Austrian lands, as the Albertinian line was now extinct. Territorial integrity was also strengthened by the extinction of the Tyrolean branch of the Leopoldian line. Frederick's aim was to make Austria a united country, stretching from the Rhine to the Mur and Leitha.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: The Habsburg dynasty achieved its highest position when Charles V was elected Holy Roman Emperor. Much of Charles's reign was dedicated to the fight against Protestantism, which led to its eradication throughout vast areas under Habsburg control.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: Charles formally became the sole monarch of Spain upon the death of his imprisoned mother Queen Joan in 1555.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: The Seventeen Provinces and the Duchy of Milan were in personal union under the King of Spain, but remained part of the Holy Roman Empire. Furthermore, the Spanish king had claims on Hungary and Bohemia. In the secret Oñate treaty of 29 July 1617, the Spanish and Austrian Habsburgs settled their mutual claims.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: The gene pool eventually became so small that the last of the Spanish line, Charles II, who was severely disabled from birth (perhaps by genetic disorders) possessed a genome comparable to that of a child born to a brother and sister, as did his father, probably because of "remote inbreeding".

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: On 6 August 1806, Emperor Francis I dissolved the Holy Roman Empire under pressure from Napoleon's reorganization of Germany. In anticipation of the loss of his title of Holy Roman Emperor, Francis had declared himself hereditary Emperor of Austria (as Francis I) on 11 August 1804, three months after Napoleon had declared himself Emperor of the French on 18 May 1804.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: On 11 November 1918, with his empire collapsing around him, the last Habsburg ruler, Charles I of Austria (who also reigned as Charles IV of Hungary) issued a proclamation recognizing Austria's right to determine the future of the state and renouncing any role in state affairs. Two days later, he issued a separate proclamation for Hungary. Even though he did not officially abdicate, this is considered the end of the Habsburg dynasty.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: Franz Joseph received a bilingual early education in French and German, then added Czech and Hungarian and later Italian and Polish. He also learned Latin and Greek. After the end of the Habsburg Monarchy, Otto von Habsburg was fluent in English, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: Before Rudolph rose to German king, the Habsburgs were Counts of Baden in what is today southwestern Germany and Switzerland.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: After the death of Rudolph IV, his brothers Albert III and Leopold III ruled the Habsburg possessions together from 1365 until 1379, when they split the territories in the Treaty of Neuberg, Albert keeping the Duchy of Austria and Leopold ruling over Styria, Carinthia, Carniola, the Windic March, Tirol, and Further Austria.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: * Ernest "the Iron" ("der Eiserne"), 1406–1424 duke of Inner Austria, until 1411 together and competing with his brother Leopold IV.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: * Frederick V ("Friedrich"), son of Ernst, became emperor Frederick III in 1440. He was duke of Inner Austria from 1424 on. Guardian of Sigismund 1439–1446 and of Ladislaus Posthumus 1440–1452. See also below.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: * Albert VI ("Albrecht VI"), brother of the above, 1446–1463 regent of Further Austria, duke of Austria 1458–1463

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: * "Ernestine line" of Saxon princes, ancestor of George I of Great Britain-descended from sister of Frederick III; also Prince Frederick Charles of Hesse King of Finland 1918

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: * Sigismund, also spelled "Siegmund" or "Sigmund", 1439–1446 under the tutelage of the Frederick V above, then duke of Tyrol, and after the death of Albrecht VI in 1463 also duke of Further Austria.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: Sigismund had no children and adopted Maximilian I, son of Emperor Frederick III. Under Maximilian, the possessions of the Habsburgs would be united again under one ruler, after he had re-conquered the Duchy of Austria after the death of Matthias Corvinus, who resided in Vienna and styled himself duke of Austria from 1485–1490.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: The abdications of Charles V in 1556 ended his formal authority over Ferdinand and made him "suo jure" ruler in Austria, Bohemia, Hungary, as well as Holy Roman Emperor.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: Habsburg Spain was a personal union between the Crowns of Castile and Aragon; Aragon was itself divided into the Kingdoms of Aragon, Catalonia, Valencia, Majorca, Naples, Sicily, Malta and Sardinia. From 1581, they were kings of Portugal until they renounced this title in the 1668 Treaty of Lisbon. They were also Dukes of Milan, Lord of the Americas, and holder of multiple titles from territories within the Habsburg Netherlands. A full listing can be seen here.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: The War of the Spanish Succession took place after the extinction of the Spanish Habsburg line, to determine the inheritance of Charles II.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: The War of the Austrian Succession took place after the extinction of the male line of the Austrian Habsburg line upon the death of Charles VI. The direct Habsburg line itself became totally extinct with the death of Maria Theresa of Austria, when it was followed by the House of Habsburg-Lorraine".

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: Holy Roman Emperors, Kings of Hungary and Bohemia, Archdukes of Austria (House of Habsburg-Lorraine, main line).

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: Queen Maria Christina of Austria of Spain, great-granddaughter of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor above. Wife of Alfonso XII of Spain and mother of Alfonso XIII of the House of Bourbon. Alfonso XIII's wife Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg was descended from King George I of Great Britain from the Habsburg Leopold Line {above}.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: The House of Habsburg-Lorraine retained Austria and attached possessions after the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire; see below.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: A son of Leopold II was Archduke Rainer of Austria whose wife was from the House of Savoy; a daughter Adelaide, Queen of Sardina was the wife of King Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont, Savoy, and Sardinia and King of Italy. Their Children married into the Royal Houses of Bonaparte; Saxe-Coburg and Gotha {Bragança} {Portugal}; Savoy {Spain}; and the Dukedoms of Montferrat and Chablis.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: Francis Stephen assigned the grand duchy of Tuscany to his second son Peter Leopold, who in turn assigned it to his second son upon his accession as Holy Roman Emperor. Tuscany remained the domain of this cadet branch of the family until Italian unification.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: The duchy of Modena was assigned to a minor branch of the family by the Congress of Vienna. It was lost to Italian unification. The Dukes named their line the House of Austria-Este, as they were descended from the daughter of the last D'Este Duke of Modena.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: The duchy of Parma was likewise assigned to a Habsburg, but did not stay in the House long before succumbing to Italian unification. It was granted to the second wife of Napoleon I of France, Maria Luisa Duchess of Parma, a daughter of the Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, who was the mother of Napoleon II of France. Napoleon had divorced his wife Rose de Tascher de la Pagerie (better known to history as Josephine de Beauharnais) in her favor.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


House of Habsburg

Context: Dona Maria Leopoldina of Austria (22 January 1797 – 11 December 1826) was an archduchess of Austria, Empress consort of Brazil and Queen consort of Portugal.

Question: Ketä Habsburgit olivat?


Hemp

Context: Hemp, or industrial hemp, is a botanical class of "Cannabis sativa" cultivars grown specifically for industrial or medicinal use. It can be used to make a wide range of products. Along with bamboo, hemp is among the fastest growing plants on Earth. It was also one of the first plants to be spun into usable fiber 50,000 years ago. It can be refined into a variety of commercial items, including paper, rope, textiles, clothing, biodegradable plastics, paint, insulation, biofuel, food, and animal feed.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: The etymology is uncertain but there appears to be no common Proto-Indo-European source for the various forms of the word; the Greek term () is the oldest attested form, which may have been borrowed from an earlier Scythian or Thracian word. Then it appears to have been borrowed into Latin, and separately into Slavic and from there into Baltic, Finnish, and Germanic languages.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Cognates of hemp in other Germanic languages include Dutch , Danish and Norwegian , Saterland Frisian , German , Icelandic and Swedish . In those languages "hemp" can refer to either industrial fiber hemp or narcotic cannabis strains.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Hemp seeds can be eaten raw, ground into hemp meal, sprouted or made into dried sprout powder. Hemp seeds can also be made into a slurry used for baking or for beverages, such as hemp milk and tisanes. Hemp oil is cold-pressed from the seed and is high in unsaturated fatty acids.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: In the UK, the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs treats hemp as a purely non-food crop, but with proper licensing and proof of less than 0.3% THC concentration, hemp seeds can be imported for sowing or for sale as a food or food ingredient. In the US, hemp can be used legally in food products and, , was typically sold in health food stores or through mail order.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: The amino acid profile of hemp seeds is comparable to the profiles of other protein-rich foods, such as meat, milk, eggs, and soy. Protein digestibility-corrected amino acid scores were 0.49–0.53 for whole hemp seed, 0.46–0.51 for hemp seed meal, and 0.63–0.66 for hulled hemp seed.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Despite the rich nutrient content of hemp seeds, the seeds contain antinutritional compounds, including phytic acid, trypsin inhibitors, and tannins, in significant concentrations.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Hemp oil oxidizes and turns rancid within a short period of time if not stored properly; its shelf life is extended when it is stored in a dark airtight container and refrigerated. Both light and heat can degrade hemp oil.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: The most common use of hemp-lime in building is by casting the hemp-hurd and lime mix while wet around a timber frame with temporary shuttering and tamping the mix to form a firm mass. After the removal of the temporary shuttering, the solidified hemp mix is then ready to be plastered with lime plaster.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Hemp is classified under the green category of building design, primarily due to its positive effects on the environment. A few of its benefits include but are not limited to the suppression of weed growth, anti-erosion, reclamation properties, and the ability to drain soil from poisonous substances and heavy metals.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: The use of hemp is beginning to gain popularity alongside other natural materials. This is because cannabis processing is done mechanically with minimal harmful effects on the environment. A part of what makes hemp sustainable is its minimal water usage and non-reliance on pesticides for proper growth. It is recyclable, non-toxic, and biodegradable, making hemp a popular choice in green building construction.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Hemp fiber is known to have high strength and durability, and has been known to be a good protector against vermin. The fiber has the capability to reinforce structures by embossing threads and cannabis shavers. Hemp has been involved more recently in the building industry, producing building construction materials including insulation, hempcrete, and varnishes.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Hemp made materials have low embodied energy. The plant has the ability to absorb large amounts of CO2, providing air quality, thermal balance, creating a positive environmental impact.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Hemp's properties allow mold resistance, and its porous materiality makes the building materials made of it breathable. In addition hemp possesses the ability to absorb and release moisture without deteriorating. Hemp can be non-flammable if mixed with lime and could be applied on numerous aspects of the building (wall, roofs, etc.) due to its lightweight properties.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Hemp is commonly used as an insulation material. Its flexibility and toughness during compression allows for easier implementation within structural framing systems. The insulation material could also be easily adjusted to different sizes and shapes by being cut during the installation process. The ability to not settle and therefore avoiding cavity developments lowers its need for maintenance.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Hemp insulation is naturally lightweight and non-toxic, allowing for an exposed installation in a variety of spaces, including flooring, walling, and roofing. Compared to mineral insulation, hemp absorbs roughly double the amount of heat and could be compared to wood, in some cases even overpassing some of its types.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: In addition, the insulation doubles as a sound barrier, weakening airborne sound waves passing through it.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: In addition to the absorbed CO2 during its growth period, hemp repeats during the creation of the concrete. The mixture hardens when the silica contained in hemp shives mixes with lime, resulting in the mineralization process which extracts the CO2 from the air, purifying it. The resulted concrete continues to do so in the application during its touch with water.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Hemp ropes can be woven in various diameters, possessing high amounts of strength making them suitable for a variety of uses for building construction purposes. Some of these uses include installation of frames in building openings and connection of joints. The ropes also used in bridge construction, tunnels, traditional homes, etc. One of the earliest examples of hemp rope and other textile use can be traced back to 1500 BC Egypt.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Cannabis geotextiles could be put in both wet and dry conditions. Hemp-based bioplastic is a biodegradable alternative to regular plastic and can potentially replace polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a material used for plumbing pipes.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Hemp growth lasts roughly 100 days, a much faster time period than an average tree used for construction purposes. While dry, the fibers could be pressed into tight wood alternatives to wood-frame construction, wall/ceiling paneling, and flooring. As an addition, hemp is flexible and versatile allowing it to be used in a greater number of ways than wood. Similarly, hemp wood could also be made of recycled hemp-based paper.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: A mixture of fiberglass, hemp fiber, kenaf, and flax has been used since 2002 to make composite panels for automobiles. The choice of which bast fiber to use is primarily based on cost and availability.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Various car makers are beginning to use hemp in their cars, including Audi, BMW, Ford, GM, Chrysler, Honda, Iveco, Lotus, Mercedes, Mitsubishi, Porsche, Saturn, Volkswagen and Volvo. For example, the Lotus Eco Elise

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: However, hemp has had a hard time competing with paper from trees or recycled newsprint. Only the outer part of the stem consists mainly of fibers which are suitable for the production of paper. Numerous attempts have been made to develop machines that efficiently and inexpensively separate useful fibers from less useful fibers, but none have been completely successful. This has meant that paper from hemp is still expensive compared to paper from trees.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Hemp jewelry is the product of knotting hemp twine through the practice of macramé. Hemp jewellery includes bracelets, necklaces, anklets, rings, watches, and other adornments. Some jewellery features beads made from crystals, glass, stone, wood and bones. The hemp twine varies in thickness and comes in a variety of colors. There are many different stitches used to create hemp jewellery, however, the half knot and full knot stitches are most common.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Hemp shives are the core of the stem, hemp hurds are broken parts of the core. In the EU, they are used for animal bedding (horses, for instance), or for horticultural mulch. Industrial hemp is much more profitable if both fibers and shives (or even seeds) can be used.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Hemp can be used as a "mop crop" to clear impurities out of wastewater, such as sewage effluent, excessive phosphorus from chicken litter, or other unwanted substances or chemicals. Additionally, hemp is being used to clean contaminants at the Chernobyl nuclear disaster site, by way of a process which is known as phytoremediation – the process of clearing radioisotopes and a variety of other toxins from the soil, water, and air.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Hemp crops are tall, have thick foliage, and can be planted densely, and thus can be grown as a smother crop to kill tough weeds. Using hemp this way can help farmers avoid the use of herbicides, gain organic certification, and gain the benefits of crop rotation. However, due to the plant's rapid and dense growth characteristics, some jurisdictions consider hemp a prohibited and noxious weed, much like Scotch Broom.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Biodiesel can be made from the oils in hemp seeds and stalks; this product is sometimes called "hempoline". Alcohol fuel (ethanol or, less commonly, methanol) can be made by fermenting the whole plant.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Filtered hemp oil can be used directly to power diesel engines. In 1892, Rudolf Diesel invented the diesel engine, which he intended to power "by a variety of fuels, especially vegetable and seed oils, which earlier were used for oil lamps, i.e. the Argand lamp".

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Production of vehicle fuel from hemp is very small. Commercial biodiesel and biogas is typically produced from cereals, coconuts, palm seeds, and cheaper raw materials like garbage, wastewater, dead plant and animal material, animal feces and kitchen waste.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Only in 1997, did Ireland, parts of the Commonwealth and other countries begin to legally grow industrial hemp again. Iterations of the 1930s decorticator have been met with limited success, along with steam explosion and chemical processing known as thermomechanical pulping.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Hemp is usually planted between March and May in the northern hemisphere, between September and November in the southern hemisphere. It matures in about three to four months.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Millennia of selective breeding have resulted in varieties that display a wide range of traits; e.g. suited for a particular environments/latitudes, producing different ratios and compositions of terpenoids and cannabinoids (CBD, THC, CBG, CBC, CBN...etc.), fibre quality, oil/seed yield, etc. Hemp grown for fiber is planted closely, resulting in tall, slender plants with long fibers.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: The use of industrial hemp plant and its cultivation was commonplace until the 1900s when it was associated with its genetic sibling a.k.a. Drug-Type Cannabis species (which contain higher levels of psychoactive THC). Influential groups misconstrued hemp as a dangerous "drug", even though hemp is not a recreational drug and has the potential to be a sustainable and profitable crop for many farmers due to hemp's medical, structural and dietary uses.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: The seeds are sown with grain drills or other conventional seeding equipment to a depth of . Greater seeding depths result in increased weed competition. Nitrogen should not be placed with the seed, but phosphate may be tolerated. The soil should have available 89 to 135 kg/ha of nitrogen, 46 kg/ha phosphorus, 67 kg/ha potassium, and 17 kg/ha sulfur. Organic fertilizers such as manure are one of the best methods of weed control.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: In contrast to cannabis for medical use, varieties grown for fiber and seed have less than 0.3% THC and are unsuitable for producing hashish and marijuana. Present in industrial hemp, cannabidiol is a major constituent among some 560 compounds found in hemp.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Smallholder plots are usually harvested by hand. The plants are cut at 2 to 3 cm above the soil and left on the ground to dry. Mechanical harvesting is now common, using specially adapted cutter-binders or simpler cutters.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: The cut hemp is laid in swathes to dry for up to four days. This was traditionally followed by "retting", either water retting (the bundled hemp floats in water) or dew retting (the hemp remains on the ground and is affected by the moisture in dew and by molds and bacterial action).

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Hemp plants can be vulnerable to various pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, nematodes, viruses and other miscellaneous pathogens. Such diseases often lead to reduced fiber quality, stunted growth, and death of the plant. These diseases rarely affect the yield of a hemp field, so hemp production is not traditionally dependent on the use of pesticides.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Results indicate that high yield of hemp may require high total nutrient levels (field plus fertilizer nutrients) similar to a high yielding wheat crop.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: The United Kingdom and Germany resumed commercial production in the 1990s. British production is mostly used as bedding for horses; other uses are under development. Companies in Canada, the UK, the United States, and Germany, among many others, process hemp seed into a growing range of food products and cosmetics; many traditional growing countries continue to produce textile-grade fibre.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: FAO argue that an optimum yield of hemp fiber is more than 2 tonnes per ha, while average yields are around 650 kg/ha.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: In the Australian states of Tasmania, Victoria, Queensland, Western Australia, New South Wales, and most recently, South Australia, the state governments have issued licences to grow hemp for industrial use. The first to initiate modern research into the potential of cannabis was the state of Tasmania, which pioneered the licensing of hemp during the early 1990s. The state of Victoria was an early adopter in 1998, and has reissued the regulation in 2008.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Queensland has allowed industrial production under licence since 2002, where the issuance is controlled under the Drugs Misuse Act 1986.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Western Australia enabled the cultivation, harvest and processing of hemp under its Industrial Hemp Act 2004, New South Wales now issues licences under a law, the Hemp Industry Regulations Act 2008 (No 58), that came into effect as of 6 November 2008.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Most recently, South Australia legalized industrial hemp under South Australia's Industrial Hemp Act 2017, which commenced on 12 November 2017.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Commercial production (including cultivation) of industrial hemp has been permitted in Canada since 1998 under licenses and authorization issued by Health Canada.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: In the early 1990s, industrial hemp agriculture in North America began with the Hemp Awareness Committee at the University of Manitoba. The Committee worked with the provincial government to get research and development assistance and was able to obtain test plot permits from the Canadian government. Their efforts led to the legalization of industrial hemp (hemp with only minute amounts of tetrahydrocannabinol) in Canada and the first harvest in 1998.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: In 2017, the cultivated area for hemp in the Prairie provinces include Saskatchewan with more than , Alberta with , and Manitoba with . Canadian hemp is cultivated mostly for its food value as hulled hemp seeds, hemp oils, and hemp protein powders, with only a small fraction devoted to production of hemp fiber used for construction and insulation.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: France is Europe's biggest producer (and the world's second largest producer) with cultivated. 70–80% of the hemp fibre produced in 2003 was used for specialty pulp for cigarette papers and technical applications. About 15% was used in the automotive sector, and 5-6% was used for insulation mats. About 95% of hurds were used as animal bedding, while almost 5% was used in the building sector. In 2010–2011, a total of was cultivated with hemp in the EU, a decline compared with previous year.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: From the 1950s to the 1980s, the Soviet Union was the world's largest producer of hemp ( in 1970). The main production areas were in Ukraine, the Kursk and Orel regions of Russia, and near the Polish border. Since its inception in 1931, the Hemp Breeding Department at the Institute of Bast Crops in Hlukhiv (Glukhov), Ukraine, has been one of the world's largest centers for developing new hemp varieties, focusing on improving fiber quality, per-hectare yields, and low THC content.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the commercial cultivation of hemp declined sharply. However, at least an estimated 2.5 million acres of hemp grow wild in the Russian Far East and the Black Sea regions.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: In the United Kingdom, cultivation licences are issued by the Home Office under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971. When grown for nondrug purposes, hemp is referred to as industrial hemp, and a common product is fibre for use in a wide variety of products, as well as the seed for nutritional aspects and the oil. Feral hemp or ditch weed is usually a naturalized fibre or oilseed strain of "Cannabis" that has escaped from cultivation and is self-seeding.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: In October 2019, hemp became legal to grow in 46 U.S. states under federal law. As of 2019, 47 states have enacted legislation to make hemp legal to grow at the state level, with several states implementing medical provisions regarding the growing of plants specifically for non-psychoactive CBD.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: As of 2017, the hemp industry estimated that annual sales of hemp products were around $820 million annually; hemp-derived CBD have been the major force driving this growth.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Despite this progress, hemp businesses in the US have had difficulties expanding as they have faced challenges in traditional marketing and sales approaches. According to a case study done by "Forbes", hemp businesses and startups have had difficulty marketing and selling non-psychoactive hemp products, as some online advertising platforms and financial institutions do not distinguish between hemp and marijuana.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Textile expert Elizabeth Wayland Barber summarizes the historical evidence that "Cannabis sativa", "grew and was known in the Neolithic period all across the northern latitudes, from Europe (Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Romania, Ukraine) to East Asia (Tibet and China)," but, "textile use of Cannabis sativa does not surface for certain in the West until relatively late, namely the Iron Age."

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: "I strongly suspect, however, that what catapulted hemp to sudden fame and fortune as a cultigen and caused it to spread rapidly westwards in the first millennium B.C. was the spread of the habit of pot-smoking from somewhere in south-central Asia, where the drug-bearing variety of the plant originally occurred. The linguistic evidence strongly supports this theory, both as to time and direction of spread and as to cause."

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: The Spaniards brought hemp to the Americas and cultivated it in Chile starting about 1545. Similar attempts were made in Peru, Colombia, and Mexico, but only in Chile did the crop find success. In July 1605, Samuel Champlain reported the use of grass and hemp clothing by the (Wampanoag) people of Cape Cod and the (Nauset) people of Plymouth Bay told him they harvested hemp in their region where it grew wild to a height of 4 to 5 ft.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: George Washington pushed for the growth of hemp as it was a cash crop commonly used to make rope and fabric. In May 1765 he noted in his diary about the sowing of seeds each day until mid-April. Then he recounts the harvest in October which he grew 27 bushels that year.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: George Washington also imported the Indian hemp plant from Asia, which was used for fiber and, by some growers, for intoxicating resin production. In a 1796 letter to William Pearce who managed the plants for him, Washington says, "What was done with the Indian Hemp plant from last summer? It ought, all of it, to be sown again; that not only a stock of seed sufficient for my own purposes might have been raised, but to have disseminated seed to others; as it is more valuable than common hemp."

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Other presidents known to have farmed hemp for alternative purposes include Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, Andrew Jackson, Zachary Taylor, and Franklin Pierce.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Historically, hemp production had made up a significant portion of antebellum Kentucky's economy. Before the American Civil War, many slaves worked on plantations producing hemp.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: In 1937, the Marihuana Tax Act of 1937 was passed in the United States, levying a tax on anyone who dealt commercially in cannabis, hemp, or marijuana. The passing of the Act to destroy the U.S. hemp industry has been disputed to involve businessmen Andrew Mellon, Randolph Hearst and the Du Pont family.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: While the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937 had just been signed into law, the United States Department of Agriculture lifted the tax on hemp cultivation during WW II. Before WW II, the U.S. Navy used Jute and Manila Hemp from the Philippines and Indonesia for the cordage on their ships. During the war, Japan cut off those supply lines. America was forced to turn inward and revitalize the cultivation of Hemp on U.S. soils.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: U.S. farmers participated in the campaign to increase U.S. hemp production to 36,000 acres in 1942. This increase amounted to more than 20 times the production in 1941 before the war effort.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: In the United States, Executive Order 12919 (1994) identified hemp as a strategic national product that should be stockpiled.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: The 2018 Farm Bill directed USDA to establish a national regulatory framework for hemp production in the United States.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) oversees hemp cultivation as the responsible federal regulatory agency. In October 2019, the USDA issued an interim final rule outlining a federal program for growing hemp. The USDA was set to issue a final rule after the 2020 crop season. The rule reemphasizes an earlier USDA ruling that interstate transportation is legal, even if the shipment travels through a state that does allow the growing of hemp.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: USDA published a final rule on January 19, 2021, that provides regulations for the production of hemp in the United States and is effective on March 22, 2021. The final rule builds on the interim final rule published October 31, 2019, that established the U.S. Domestic Hemp Production Program. The final rule incorporates modifications based on public comments and lessons learned during the 2020 growing season.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: USDA published a final rule on January 19, 2021, that provides regulations for the production of hemp in the United States and is effective on March 22, 2021. The final rule builds on the interim final rule published October 31, 2019, that established the U.S. Domestic Hemp Production Program. The final rule incorporates modifications based on public comments and lessons learned during the 2020 growing season. A Youtube webinar outlines key provisions of the rule.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: Hemp has been grown for millennia in Asia and the Middle East for its fibre. Commercial production of hemp in the West took off in the eighteenth century, but was grown in the sixteenth century in eastern England. Because of colonial and naval expansion of the era, economies needed large quantities of hemp for rope and oakum. In the early 1940s, world production of hemp fiber ranged from 250 000 to 350 000 metric tonnes, Russia was the biggest producer.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: The cultivation of hemp in Portuguese lands began around the fourteenth century. The raw material was used for the preparation of rope and plugs for the Portuguese ships. Portugal also utilized its colonies to support its hemp supply, including in certain parts of Brazil.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: In order to recover the ailing Portuguese naval fleet after the Restoration of Independence in 1640, King John IV put a renewed emphasis on the growing of hemp. He ordered the creation of the Royal Linen and Hemp Factory in the town of Torre de Moncorvo to increase production and support the effort.

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Hemp

Context: In 1971, the cultivation of hemp became illegal, and the production was substantially reduced. Because of EU regulations 1308–70, 619/71 and 1164–89, this law was revoked (for some certified seed varieties).

Question: Minä vuonna hamppua on aloitettu viljelemään?


Treaty of Rapallo (1920)

Context: According to the treaty, the city of Rijeka () would become the independent Free State of Fiume, which ended the military occupation of Gabriele d'Annunzio's troops that had begun by the Impresa di Fiume and was known as the Italian Regency of Carnaro. That part of the treaty was revoked in 1924, when Italy and Yugoslavia signed the Treaty of Rome, which gave Fiume to Italy and the adjacent port of Sušak to Yugoslavia.

Question: MIssä kaupungissa Rapallon sopimus tehtiin?


Audrey Azoulay

Context: Azoulay gained a master's degree in management sciences from Paris Dauphine University in 1994 and a master's degree in business administration from Lancaster University. She also studied at Sciences Po and the École nationale d'administration (ENA) in 2000 ( promotion Averroès, alongside Fleur Pellerin, Alexis Kohler and Nicolas Kazadi among others).

Question: Kuka valittiin unescon johtajaksi 2017?


Audrey Azoulay

Context: During her university studies, Azoulay worked at a bank, which she says she "hated". During her studies in the École Nationale d'Administration, she says she "discovered the old French anti-Semitism".

Question: Kuka valittiin unescon johtajaksi 2017?


Audrey Azoulay

Context: Azoulay recalled having participated in demonstrations against the Devaquet bill in 1986 and against the Juppé plan in 1995, and against the candidature of Jean-Marie Le Pen in the second round of the 2002 French presidential election. Her role models are Simone Veil and Jean Zay.

Question: Kuka valittiin unescon johtajaksi 2017?


Audrey Azoulay

Context: In 2000, Azoulay was appointed civil administrator, assigned to the general secretariat of Prime Minister Lionel Jospin's government. From April 2000 to July 2003, she worked as the head of the public audiovisual sector office, especially for the strategy and the funding of sector organizations in the media development department. At the same time, she manages media expertise missions for the European Commission within the process of pre-accession programs.

Question: Kuka valittiin unescon johtajaksi 2017?


Audrey Azoulay

Context: In 2003, Azoulay was in charge of the conference on media strategy, audiovisual and cinema financing at Sciences Po. From September 2003 to February 2006, she worked for the Ile-de-France Regional Chamber Accounts and with the committee for inquiry into the cost and performance of public service. In 2004, she appeared in the distribution of the film "Le Grand Rôle" by the director Steve Suissa, where she played the director's assistant.

Question: Kuka valittiin unescon johtajaksi 2017?


Audrey Azoulay

Context: In 2006, Azoulay joined the National Center of Cinematography and the moving image (CNC), successively holding the positions of Deputy Director for Multimedia Affairs, Chief Financial and Legal Officer and Deputy Director-General.

Question: Kuka valittiin unescon johtajaksi 2017?


Audrey Azoulay

Context: From 2014 until 2016, Azoulay served as an advisor on communications and cultural affairs to President François Hollande.

Question: Kuka valittiin unescon johtajaksi 2017?


Audrey Azoulay

Context: By the end of 2016, Azoulay eventually decided against becoming a candidate herself in the 2017 French legislative election. In the Socialist Party's presidential primaries, she endorsed Manuel Valls as the party's candidate for the 2017 French presidential election. After the Socialist Party was eliminated in the first round of the election, she publicly declared her support for Emmanuel Macron against Marine Le Pen.

Question: Kuka valittiin unescon johtajaksi 2017?


Audrey Azoulay

Context: In 2017, Azoulay was one of the nine candidates seeking to succeed Irina Bokova as Director-General of UNESCO. In the final round against Hamad Bin Abdulaziz Al-Kawari, she was elected as Director-General of UNESCO, and her candidacy was presented for approval at UNESCO's general assembly on 10 November 2017. In 2021, Azoulay was elected to a second four-year term.

Question: Kuka valittiin unescon johtajaksi 2017?


Audrey Azoulay

Context: Azoulay has a son and a daughter with her husband François-Xavier Labarraque, who also studied at the École nationale d'administration. Unlike her parents, she is not a Moroccan national.

Question: Kuka valittiin unescon johtajaksi 2017?


Hispaniola

Context: Hispaniola (, ; ; Latin and ; ; ) is an island in the Caribbean that is part of the Greater Antilles. Hispaniola is the most populous island in the West Indies, and the region's second largest in area, after the island of Cuba.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: The island is divided into two separate nations: the Spanish-speaking Dominican Republic (48,445 km2, 18,705 sq mi) to the east and the French / Haitian Creole-speaking Haiti (27,750 km2, 10,710 sq mi) to the west. The only other divided island in the Caribbean is Saint Martin, which is shared between France (Saint Martin) and the Netherlands (Sint Maarten).

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: Hispaniola is the site of one of the first European settlements in the Americas, La Navidad (1492–1493), as well as the first proper town, La Isabela (1493–1500), and the first permanent settlement – the current capital of the Dominican Republic, Santo Domingo (est. 1498). These settlements were founded successively in each of Christopher Columbus's first three voyages.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: When Columbus took possession of the island in 1492, he named it "Insula Hispana" in Latin and "La Isla Española" in Spanish, both meaning "the Spanish island". Las Casas shortened the name to "Española", and when Peter Martyr detailed his account of the island in Latin, he rendered its name as "Hispaniola".

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: The name "Haïti" was adopted by Haitian revolutionary Jean-Jacques Dessalines in 1804, as the official name of independent Saint-Domingue, in tribute to the Amerindian predecessors. It was also adopted as the official name of independent Santo Domingo, as the Republic of Spanish Haiti, a state that existed from November 1821 until its annexation by Haiti in February 1822.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: The Taíno people traveled often and used hollowed canoes with paddles when on the water for fishing or for migration purposes, and upwards of 100 people could fit into a single canoe. The Taíno came in contact with the Caribs, another indigenous tribe, often. The Taíno people had to defend themselves using bows and arrows with poisoned tips and some war clubs. When Columbus landed on Hispaniola, many Taíno leaders wanted protection from the Caribs.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: Colonization began in earnest the following year when Columbus brought 1,300 men to Hispaniola in November 1493 with the intention of establishing a permanent settlement. They found the encampment at Navidad had been destroyed and all the crewmen left behind killed by the natives. Columbus decided to sail east in search of a better site to found a new settlement. In January 1494 they established La Isabela in present-day Dominican Republic.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: In 1496, the town of Nueva Isabela was founded. After being destroyed by a hurricane, it was rebuilt on the opposite side of the Ozama River and called Santo Domingo. It is the oldest permanent European settlement in the Americas.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: The island had an important role in the establishment of Latin American colonies for decades to come. Due to its strategic location, it was the military stronghold of conquistadors of the Spanish empire, serving as a headquarters for the further colonial expansion into the Americas. The colony was a meeting point of European explorers, soldiers, and settlers who brought with them the culture, architecture, laws, and traditions of the Old World.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: Precious metals played a large role in the history of the island after Columbus's arrival. One of the first inhabitants Columbus came across on this island was "a girl wearing only a gold nose plug". Soon the Taínos were trading pieces of gold for hawk's bells with their cacique declaring the gold came from Cibao. Traveling further east from Navidad, Columbus came across the Yaque del Norte River, which he named Río de Oro (River of Gold) because its "sands abound in gold dust".

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: Sugar cane was introduced to Hispaniola by settlers from the Canary Islands, and the first sugar mill in the New World was established in 1516, on Hispaniola. The need for a labor force to meet the growing demands of sugar cane cultivation led to an exponential increase in the importation of slaves over the following two decades. The sugar mill owners soon formed a new colonial elite.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: The first major slave revolt in the Americas occurred in Santo Domingo during 1522, when enslaved Muslims of the Wolof nation led an uprising in the sugar plantation of admiral Don Diego Colon, son of Christopher Columbus. Many of these insurgents managed to escape where they formed independent maroon communities in the south of the island.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: By the early 17th century, Hispaniola and its nearby islands (notably Tortuga) became regular stopping points for Caribbean pirates. In 1606, the government of Philip III ordered all inhabitants of Hispaniola to move close to Santo Domingo, to fight against piracy. Rather than secure the island, his action meant that French, English, and Dutch pirates established their own bases on the less populated north and west coasts of the island.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: Hispaniola is the second-largest island in the Caribbean (after Cuba), with an area of , of which is under the sovereignty of the Dominican Republic occupying the eastern portion and under the sovereignty of Haiti occupying the western portion.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: The Sierra de Neiba rises in the southwest of the Dominican Republic, and continues northwest into Haiti, parallel to the Cordillera Central, as the Montagnes Noires, Chaîne des Matheux and the Montagnes du Trou d'Eau. The Plateau Central lies between the Massif du Nord and the Montagnes Noires, and the Plaine de l'Artibonite lies between the Montagnes Noires and the Chaîne des Matheux, opening westward toward the Gulf of Gonâve, the largest gulf of the Antilles.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: The variations of temperature depend on altitude and are much less marked than rainfall variations in the island. Lowland Hispaniola is generally more hot and humid, with temperatures averaging . with high humidity during the daytime, and around at night. At higher altitudes, temperatures fall steadily, so that frosts occur during the dry season on the highest peaks, where maxima are no higher than .

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: In Haiti, deforestation has long been cited by scientists as a source of ecological crisis; the timber industry dates back to French colonial rule. Haiti has seen a dramatic reduction of forests due to the excessive and increasing use of charcoal as fuel for cooking. Various media outlets have suggested that the country has just 2% forest cover, but this has not been substantiated by research.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: Recent in-depth studies of satellite imagery and environmental analysis regarding forest classification conclude that Haiti actually has approximately 30% tree cover; this is, nevertheless, a stark decrease from the country's 60% forest cover in 1925. The country has been significantly deforested over the last 50 years, resulting in the desertification of many portions of Haitian territory.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: Hispaniola is the most populous Caribbean island with combined population of almost 22 million inhabitants .

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: The Dominican Republic is a Hispanophone nation of approximately 10.35 million people. Spanish is spoken by all Dominicans as a primary language. Roman Catholicism is the official and dominant religion.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: The ethnic composition of the Dominican population is 73% mixed ethnicity, 16% white and 11% black. Descendants of early Spanish settlers and of black slaves from West Africa constitute the two main racial strains.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: In recent times, Dominican and Puerto Rican researchers identified in the current Dominican population the presence of genes belonging to the aborigines of the Canary Islands (commonly called Guanches). These types of genes also have been detected in Puerto Rico.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: The island has the largest economy in the Greater Antilles, however most of the economic development is found in the Dominican Republic, the Dominican economy being nearly 800% larger than the Haitian economy. , the estimated annual per capita income is US$868 in Haiti and US$8,050 in Dominican Republic.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: The divergence between the level of economic development between Haiti and Dominican Republic makes its border the higher contrast of all western land borders and is evident that the Dominican Republic has one of the highest migration issues in the Americas.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Hispaniola

Context: The island also has an economic history and current day interest and involvement in precious metals. In 1860, it was observed that the island contained a large supply of gold, which the early Spaniards had hardly developed. By 1919, Condit and Ross noted that much of the island was covered by government granted concessions for mining different types of minerals. Besides gold, these minerals included silver, manganese, copper, magnetite, iron and nickel.

Question: Mikä saarivaltio sijaitsee Hispaniolan saaren pohjoispuolella?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: The control of fire by early humans was a critical technology enabling the evolution of humans. Fire provided a source of warmth and lighting, protection from predators (especially at night), a way to create more advanced hunting tools, and a method for cooking food. These cultural advances allowed human geographic dispersal, cultural innovations, and changes to diet and behavior. Additionally, creating fire allowed human activity to continue into the dark and colder hours of the evening.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: Use and control of fire was a gradual process proceeding through more than one stage. One was a change in habitat, from dense forest, where wildfires were common, to savanna (mixed grass/woodland) where wildfires were of higher intensity. Such a change may have occurred about 3 Mya, when the savanna expanded in East Africa due to cooler and drier climate.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: The next stage involved interaction with burned landscapes and foraging in the wake of wildfires, as observed in various wild animals. In the African savanna, animals that preferentially forage in recently burned areas include savanna chimpanzees (a variety of "Pan troglodytes verus"), vervet monkeys ("Cercopithecus aethiops") and a variety of birds, some of which also hunt insects and small vertebrates in the wake of grass fires.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: The next step would be to make some use of residual hot spots that occur in the wake of wildfires. For example, foods found in the wake of wildfires tend to be either burned or undercooked. This might have provided incentives to place undercooked foods on a hotspot or to pull food out of the fire if it were in danger of getting burned. This would require familiarity with fire and its behavior.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: Each of these stages could occur at different intensities, ranging from occasional or "opportunistic" to "habitual" to "obligate" (unable to survive without it).

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: Most of the evidence of controlled use of fire during the Lower Paleolithic is uncertain and has limited scholarly support. Some of the evidence is inconclusive because other plausible explanations exist, such as natural processes, for the findings. Recent findings support that the earliest known controlled use of fire took place in Wonderwerk Cave, South Africa, 1.0 Mya.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: Findings from the Wonderwerk Cave site, in the Northern Cape province of South Africa, provide the earliest evidence for controlled use of fire. Intact sediments were analyzed using micromorphological analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy (mFTIR) and yielded evidence, in the form of burned bones and ashed plant remains, that burning took place at the site 1.0 Mya.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: East African sites, such as Chesowanja near Lake Baringo, Koobi Fora, and Olorgesailie in Kenya, show some possible evidence that fire was controlled by early humans.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: In Chesowanja, archaeologists found red clay clasts dated to 1.4 Mya. These clasts must have been heated to to harden. However, tree stumps burned in bush fires in East Africa produce clasts, which, when broken by erosion, are like those described at Chesownja. Controlled use of fire at Chesowanja is unproven.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: In Koobi Fora, sites show evidence of control of fire by "Homo erectus" at 1.5 Mya with findings of reddened sediment that could come from heating at .

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: Evidence of possible human control of fire, found at Swartkrans, South Africa, includes several burned bones, including ones with hominin-inflicted cut marks, along with Acheulean and bone tools. This site also shows some of the earliest evidence of carnivorous behavior in "H. Erectus".

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: A "hearth-like depression" that could have been used to burn bones was found at a site in Olorgesailie, Kenya. However, it did not contain any charcoal, and no signs of fire have been observed. Some microscopic charcoal was found, but it could have resulted from a natural brush fire.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: In Gadeb, Ethiopia, fragments of welded tuff that appeared to have been burned were found in Locality 8E but refiring of the rocks might have occurred due to local volcanic activity.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: Burned flints discovered near Jebel Irhoud, Morocco, dated by thermoluminescence to around 300,000 years old, were discovered in the same sedimentary layer as skulls of early "Homo sapiens." Paleoanthropologist Jean-Jacques Hublin believes the flints were used as spear tips and left in fires used by the early humans for cooking food.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: In Xihoudu in Shanxi Province, China, the black, blue, and grayish-green discoloration of mammalian bones found at the site illustrates the evidence of burning by early hominids. In 1985, at a parallel site in China, Yuanmou in Yunnan Province, archaeologists found blackened mammal bones that date back to 1.7 Mya.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: A site at Bnot Ya'akov Bridge, Israel, has been claimed to show that "H. erectus" or "H. ergaster" controlled fires between 790,000 and 690,000 BP.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: At Trinil, Java, burned wood has been found in layers that carried "H. erectus" (Java Man) fossils dating from 830,000 to 500,000 BP. The burned wood has been claimed to indicate the use of fire by early hominids.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: The Cave of Hearths in South Africa has burn deposits, which date from 700,000 to 200,000 BP, as do various other sites such as Montagu Cave (200,000 to 58,000 BP) and the Klasies River Mouth (130,000 to 120,000 BP).

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: Strong evidence comes from Kalambo Falls in Zambia, where several artifacts related to the use of fire by humans have been recovered, including charred logs, charcoal, carbonized grass stems and plants, and wooden implements, which may have been hardened by fire. The site has been dated through radiocarbon dating to between 110,000 BP and 61,000 BP through amino-acid racemization.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: Fire was used for heat treatment of silcrete stones to increase their workability before they were knapped into tools by Stillbay culture in South Africa. These Stillbay sites date back from 164,000 to 72,000 years ago, with the heat treatment of stone beginning by about 164,000 years ago.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: At the Amudian site of Qesem Cave, near the city of Kfar Qasim, evidence exists of the regular use of fire from before 382,000 BP to around 200,000 BP, at the end of Lower Pleistocene. Large quantities of burned bone and moderately heated soil lumps were found, and the cut marks found on the bones suggest that butchering and prey-defleshing took place near fireplaces. In addition, hominins living in Qesem cave managed to heat their flint to varying temperatures before knapping it into different tools.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: The discovery of fire came to provide a wide variety of uses for early hominids. It acted as a source of warmth, making getting through low nighttime temperatures possible and allowing survival in colder environments, through which geographic expansion from tropical and subtropical climates to areas of temperate climates containing colder winters began to occur. The use of fire continued to aid hominids at night by also acting as a means by which to ward off predatory animals.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: In addition to protection from the weather, the discovery of fire allowed for innovations in hunting. Initially, it was used to set grass fires to hunt and control the population of pests in the surrounding areas. Evidence shows that early hominids were able to corral and trap animals by means of fire prior to consumption.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: Another effect that the presence of fire had on hominid societies is that it required larger and larger groups to work together to maintain and sustain the fire. Individuals had to work together to find fuel for the fire, maintain the fire, and complete other necessary tasks. These larger groups might have included older individuals, such as grandparents, to help care for children. Ultimately, fire had a significant influence on the size and social interactions of early hominid communities.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: The cooking hypothesis proposes the idea that the ability to cook allowed for the brain size of hominids to increase over time. This idea was first presented by Friedrich Engels in the article "The Part Played by Labour in the Transition from Ape to Man" and later recapitulated in the book "" by Richard Wrangham and then in a book by Suzana Herculano-Houzel. Critics of the hypothesis argue that cooking with controlled fire is not enough to be the reason behind the increasing brain size trend.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: The supporting evidence of the cooking hypothesis argues that compared to the nutrients in the raw food, nutrients in cooked food are much easier to digest for hominids, as shown in the research of protein ingestion from raw vs. cooked egg. Such a feature is essential for brain evolution; through comparison of the metabolic activities between primate species, scientists found that a limitation of energy harvesting through food sources exists due to shorter days without fire.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: It has been proposed that the use of fire for cooking caused environmental toxins to accumulate in the placenta, which led to a species-wide taboo on human placentophagy around the time of the mastery of fire. Placentophagy is common in other primates.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: Due to the increased digestibility of many cooked foods, less digestion was needed to procure the necessary nutrients. As a result, the gastrointestinal tract and organs in the digestive system decreased in size. This is in contrast to other primates, where a larger digestive tract is needed for fermentation of long carbohydrate chains. Thus, humans evolved from the large colons and tracts that are seen in other primates to smaller ones.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Control of fire by early humans

Context: According to Wrangham, control of fire allowed hominids to sleep on the ground and in caves instead of trees and led to more time being spent on the ground. This may have contributed to the evolution of bipedalism, as such an ability became increasingly necessary for human activity.

Question: Kuinka merkittävä rooli tulella on ihmis historiassa?


Disc golf

Context: The game is played in about 40 countries and, as of March 31, 2022, there are active members of the PDGA worldwide.

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: Ed Headrick, also known as "Steady" Ed Headrick, (June 28, 1924 – August 12, 2002) was an American toy inventor. He is most well known as the father of both the modern-day Frisbee and of the sport and game of disc golf.

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: In 1975 Headrick's tenure at Wham-O where he helped redesign the flying disc known as the frisbee ended, and ties between Headrick and Wham-O eventually split. Headrick left the company to start out on his own to focus all his efforts on his new interest, which he coined and trademarked "Disc Golf".

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: In 1976 "Steady" Ed Headrick and his son Ken Headrick started the first disc golf company, the Disc Golf Association (DGA).[3] The purpose of DGA was to manufacture discs and targets and to formalize the game for disc golf. The first disc golf target was Ed's pole hole design which basically consisted of a pole sticking out of the ground.

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: Ed and his company DGA revised and obtained patents for basket designs until his death in 2002. Today there are over 7000 courses installed throughout the world, the majority of them using baskets modeled on the Disc Pole Hole DGA baskets Headrick designed.

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: A disc golf tee (commonly referred to as a tee box or the box) is the starting position of a hole. The PDGA recommends that the tee box be no smaller than 1.2 meters wide by 3 meters long. The tee box is usually a pad of concrete, asphalt, rubber, gravel, or artificial turf. Some courses have natural turf with only the front of the tee position marked or no tee boxes at all and players begin from a general location based on the course layout.

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: Established courses have tee signs near each tee position. Signs may depict a simple map of the hole including the tee, target, expected disc flight, out-of-bounds areas, water hazards, trees, and mandatory paths. Signs typically include the distance to the hole, and par. Some courses include a unique name for the hole and may have sponsor logos. They are often supplemented with a larger sign near the course entrance which has a map of the entire course.

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: Formal competitive play is governed by the PDGA Official Rules of Disc Golf and the PDGA Competition Manual for Disc Golf events.

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: Drivers are recognized by their sharp, beveled edge and have most of their mass concentrated on the outer rim of the disc rather than distributed equally throughout. They are optimized for aerodynamics and designed to travel maximum distances at high speeds. They are typically thrown by experienced players during tee-off and other long distance fairway throws.

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: The world record distance for a golf disc was once , thrown by Simon Lizotte on October 25, 2014. David Wiggins, Jr. broke the record with a distance of on March 28, 2016.

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: Mid-range discs feature a dull, beveled edge and a moderate rim width. They offer more control than drivers, but they have a smaller range. Mid-range discs are typically used as approach discs. Beginner players will often use mid-ranges instead of drivers at tee-off, as they require less strength and technique to fly straight than higher speed drivers.

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: To perform this throw, the disc is rapidly drawn from across the front of the body, and released towards a forward aimpoint. Due to the potential snap available with this technique, one can expect greater distance than with a forehand throw. It is important to initiate momentum from the feet and allow it to travel up the body, hips and shoulders, culminating in the transfer of energy to the disc.

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: The forehand (sidearm) throw is performed by drawing the disc from behind and partially across the front of the body: similar to a sidearm throw in baseball. The term sidearm actually predates the term forehand, which is seemingly in use today as a simpler means to communicate the technique, equating to a tennis forehand.

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: The following examples of throws may be used to better deliver a disc where the former common two throws would be impeded by obstacles such as bushes, trees, boulders, or artificial structures.

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: Stroke play is the most common scoring method used in the sport but there are many other forms. These include match play, skins, speed golf and captain's choice, which in disc golf is referred to as "doubles" (not to be confused with partner or team play).

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: Regardless of which form of play the participants choose, the main objectives of disc golf are conceptually the same as traditional golf in the sense that players follow the same scorekeeping technique.

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: Disc golf tournaments are popular around the world. As with traditional golf, there are many championship tournaments. One of the largest is the United States Disc Golf Championship, held in October in Rock Hill, South Carolina.

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: Disc golf is a rapidly growing sport worldwide, and is the 4th fastest growing sport in United States, behind mixed martial arts, roller derby, and parkour. DGCourseReview.com, which tracks courses worldwide along with opening dates, shows a rapid increase in installed permanent courses with an average of more than 400 new courses added each year between 2007 and 2017. The site lists 9744 courses worldwide (in Feb 2022).

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: While there are more male than female players, the Women's Disc Golf Association exists to encourage female players and arrange women's tournaments. A PDGA survey from 2020 states that out of its 71,016 active members, 4,752 are female.

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: There are also disc golf companies such as Disc-Diva, that have started up with a primary, though not exclusive, focus on women in the sport, promoting accessories geared towards women and using catch phrases like "you wish you threw like a girl". Sassy Pants is another group that focuses on getting more involvement from women in the sport, advocating for sponsorship of women to enter tournaments.

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Disc golf

Context: Women's disc golf teams are involved in the National Collegiate Disc Golf Championship, and the Mississippi State Women's Team were the inaugural champions.

Question: Kuka on kehittänyt frisbeegolfin?


Lenovo

Context: The organizational structure of the company was established in 1985 after the Chinese New Year. It included a technology, engineering, administrative, and office departments. The group first attempted to import televisions but failed. It rebuilt itself as a company doing quality checks on computers. It also tried and failed to market a digital watch.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: Liu Chuanzhi received government permission to form a subsidiary in Hong Kong and to move there along with five other employees. Liu's father, already in Hong Kong, furthered his son's ambitions through mentoring and facilitating loans. Liu moved to Hong Kong in 1988. To save money during this period, Liu and his co-workers walked instead of taking public transportation. To keep up appearances, they rented hotel rooms for meetings.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: In 1990, Lenovo started to manufacture and market computers using its own brand name. Some of the company's early successes included the KT8920 mainframe computer. It also developed a circuit board that allowed IBM-compatible personal computers to process Chinese characters.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: By 1996, Lenovo was the market leader in China and began selling its own laptop. By 1998 it held 43 percent of the domestic computer market share in China, selling approximately one million computers.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: To fund its continued growth, Lenovo issued a secondary offering of 50 million shares on the Hong Kong market in March 2000 and raised about . It rebranded to the name Lenovo in 2003 and began making acquisitions to expand the company.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: Lenovo acquired IBM's personal computer business in 2005, including the ThinkPad laptop and tablet lines. Lenovo's acquisition of IBM's personal computer division accelerated access to foreign markets while improving both Lenovo's branding and technology. Lenovo paid for IBM's computer business and assumed an additional of IBM's debt. This acquisition made Lenovo the third-largest computer maker worldwide by volume.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: Lenovo's purchase of the Think line from IBM also led to the creation of the IBM/Lenovo partnership which works together in the creation of Think-line of products sold by Lenovo.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: Despite Lenovo acquiring the "Think" brand from IBM, IBM still plays a key indirect, background role in the design and production of the Think line of products. IBM today is responsible for overseeing servicing and repair centers and is considered an authorized distributor and refurbisher of the Think line of products produced by Lenovo.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: IBM also acquired a 50% share of Lenovo in 2005 as part of Lenovo's purchase of IBM's personal computing division.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: On January 27, 2011, Lenovo formed a joint venture to produce personal computers with Japanese electronics firm NEC. The companies said in a statement that they would establish a new company called Lenovo NEC Holdings, to be registered in the Netherlands. NEC received US$175 million in Lenovo stock. Lenovo was to own a 51% stake in the joint venture, while NEC would have 49%. Lenovo has a five-year option to expand its stake in the joint venture.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: This joint venture was intended to boost Lenovo's worldwide sales by expanding its presence in Japan, a key market for personal computers. NEC spun off its personal computer business into the joint venture. As of 2010, NEC controlled about 20% of Japan's market for personal computers while Lenovo had a 5% share. Lenovo and NEC also agreed to explore cooperating in other areas such as servers and tablet computers.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: Roderick Lappin, chairman of the Lenovo–NEC joint venture, told the press that the two companies will expand their co-operation to include the development of tablet computers.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: In June 2011, Lenovo announced that it planned to acquire control of Medion, a German electronics manufacturing company. Lenovo said the acquisition would double its share of the German computer market, making it the third-largest vendor by sales (after Acer and Hewlett-Packard). The deal, which closed in the third quarter of the same year, was claimed by "The New York Times" as "the first in which a Chinese company acquired a well-known German company."

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: This acquisition will give Lenovo 14% of the German computer market. Gerd Brachmann, chairman of Medion, agreed to sell two-thirds of his 60 percent stake in the company. He will be paid in cash for 80 percent of the shares and will receive 20 percent in Lenovo stock. That would give him about one percent of Lenovo.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: In May 2012, Lenovo announced an investment of US$793 million in the construction of a mobile phone manufacturing and R&D facility in Wuhan, Hubei.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: In 2013, Lenovo created a joint venture with EMC named LenovoEMC. The venture took over Iomega's business and rebranded all of Iomega's products under the LenovoE MC brand, and designed products for small and medium-sized businesses that could not afford enterprise-class data storage. Lenovo has since retired all of the LenovoE MC products on their product page advising that the products are no longer available for purchase on lenovo.com.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: After closing, Lenovo said that its goal was to become the world's largest maker of servers. Lenovo also announced plans to start integrating IBM's workforce. The acquisition added about 6,500 new employees to Lenovo. Lenovo said that it has no immediate intent to cut jobs. Lenovo said that positions in research and development and customer-facing roles such as marketing would be "100% protected", but expected "rationalization" of its supply chain and procurement.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: In April 2014, Lenovo purchased a portfolio of patents from NEC related to mobile technology. These included over 3,800 patent families in countries around the world. The purchase included standards-essential patents for 3G and LTE cellular technologies and other patents related to smartphones and tablets.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: In early June 2015, Lenovo announced plans to sell up to US$650 million in five-year bonds denominated in Chinese yuan. The bonds were sold in Hong Kong with coupon ranging from 4.95% to 5.05%. This is only the second sale of bonds in Lenovo's history. Financial commentators noted that Lenovo was paying a premium to list the bonds in yuan given relatively low costs for borrowing in US dollars.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: Lenovo said that its x86 servers will be available to all its channel partners. Lenovo plans to cut prices on x86 products in order to gain market share. This goes in alliance with IBM's vision of the future around cloud technologies and their own POWER processor architecture.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: In March 2017, Lenovo announced it was partnering with Fort Lauderdale, Florida-based software storage virtualization company DataCore to add DataCore's parallel I/O-processing software to Lenovo's storage devices. The servers were reportedly designed to outperform Storage Area Network (SAN) SAN arrays.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: In 2017, Lenovo formed a joint venture with Fujitsu and the Development Bank of Japan (DBJ). In the joint venture, Fujitsu would sell Lenovo a 51% stake in Fujitsu Client Computing Limited. DBJ would acquire a 5% stake.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: In September 2018, Lenovo and NetApp announced about strategic partnership and joint venture in China. As part of strategic partnership Lenovo started two new lines of storage systems: DM-Series and DE-Series. Both storage systems using Lenovo hardware and NetApp software: DM-Series using ONTAP OS and DE-Series SANtricity OS.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: In 2020, Lenovo became a preferred data center innovation provider for DreamWorks Animation starting with Trolls World Tour.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: In April 2021, Lenovo was reorganized into three divisions: The Intelligent Devices Group for PCs, Smartphones, Smart Collaboration products, Augmented and Virtual Reality solutions and Internet of Things devices, the Infrastructure Solutions Group (formally known as Data Center Group) for smart infrastructure solutions, and the Solutions and Services Group focused on services and industry-specific products. That year, the company hit $60 billion in annual revenues.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: "Lenovo" is a portmanteau of "Le-" (from Legend) and "novo", Latin ablative for "new". The Chinese name () means "association" (as in "association of ideas"), "associative thinking", or "connected thinking". It also implies creativity. "Lianxiang" was first used to refer to a layout of Chinese typewriters in the 1950s organized into groups of common words and phrases rather than the standard dictionary layout.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: Lenovo is a manufacturer of personal computers, smartphones, televisions, and wearable devices. Some of the company's earliest products included the KT8920 mainframe computer and a circuit board that allowed IBM-compatible personal computers to process Chinese characters. One of its first computers was the Tianxi (), released in 1998 in the Chinese market. It became the best selling computer in Chinese history in 2000.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: The ThinkPad is a line of business-oriented laptop computers known for their boxy black design, modeled after a traditional Japanese "bento". The ThinkPad was originally an IBM product developed at the Yamato Facility in Japan by ; they have since been developed, manufactured and sold by both IBM and Lenovo after early 2005, following its acquisition of IBM's personal computer division. The ThinkPad has been used in space and were the only laptops certified for use on the International Space Station.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: The ThinkServer product line began with the TS100 from Lenovo. The server was developed under agreement with IBM, by which Lenovo would produce single-socket and dual-socket servers based on IBM's xSeries technology. An additional feature of the server design was a support package aimed at small businesses. The focus of this support package was to provide small businesses with software tools to ease the process of server management and reduce dependence on IT support.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: Lenovo ThinkStations are workstations designed for high-end computing. In 2008, IBM/Lenovo expanded the focus of its THINK brand to include workstations, with the ThinkStation S10 being the first model released.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: High-end monitors are marketed under the ThinkVision name. ThinkVision displays share a common design language with other THINK devices such as the ThinkPad line of laptop computers and ThinkCentre line of desktop computers. At the 2014 International CES, Lenovo announced the ThinkVision Pro2840m, a 28-inch 4K display aimed at professionals. Lenovo also announced another 28-inch 4K touch-enabled device running Android that can function as an all-in-one PC or an external display for other devices.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: The IdeaPad line of consumer-oriented laptop computers was introduced in January 2008. The IdeaPad is the result of Lenovo's own research and development; Unlike the ThinkPad line, its design and branding were not inherited from IBM nor are they designed/developed by IBM.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: The IdeaPad's design language differs markedly from the ThinkPad and has a more consumer-focused look and feel.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: All IdeaCentres are all-in-one machines, combining processor and monitor into a single unit. The desktops were described by HotHardware as being "uniquely designed". The first IdeaCentre desktop, the IdeaCentre K210, was announced by Lenovo on 30 June 2008. While the IdeaCentre line consists only of desktops, it shares design elements and features with the IdeaPad line. One such feature was Veriface facial recognition technology.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: At CES 2011, Lenovo announced the launch of four IdeaCentre desktops: the A320, B520, B320, and C205. In the autumn of 2012, the firm introduced the more powerful IdeaCentre A720, with a 27-inch touchscreen display and running Windows 8. With a TV tuner and HDMI in, the A720 can also serve as a multimedia hub or home theater PC.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: In 2013, Lenovo added a table computer to the IdeaCentre line. The Lenovo IdeaCentre Horizon Table PC, introduced at the 2013 International CES is a 27-inch touchscreen computer designed to lay flat for simultaneous use by multiple people. Thanks to its use of Windows 8, the Horizon can also serve as a desktop computer when set upright.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: Legion is a series of laptop from Lenovo targeting gaming performance. The first Legion brand laptops was revealed at CES 2017, the Legion Y520 and the Legion Y720. On June 6, 2017, a high-performance model, the Legion Y920, equipped with Intel's seventh-generation quad-core i7-7820HK and Nvidia GTX 1070 discrete graphics, was launched.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: In 2020, Lenovo launched Legion 3, 5, and 7, where Legion 7 is the highest specification of the series.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: As of January 2013, Lenovo only manufactured phones that use the Android operating system from Google. Numerous press reports indicated that Lenovo planned to release a phone running Windows Phone 8, According to J. D. Howard, a vice president at Lenovo's mobile division, the company would release a Windows Phone product if there is market demand.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?


Lenovo

Context: According to IHS iSuppli, Lenovo was a top-three smartphone maker in China with a 16.5% market share in the first quarter of 2012. According to a May report released by IDC Lenovo ranks fourth in the global tablet market by volume. As of November 2012, Lenovo was the second largest seller of mobile phones in China when measured by volume.

Question: Minä vuonna Lenovo on perustettu?