City

Context: The related concept of good governance places more emphasis on the state, with the purpose of assessing urban governments for their suitability for development assistance. The concepts of governance and good governance are especially invoked in the emergent megacities, where international organizations consider existing governments inadequate for their large populations.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Government is legally the final authority on planning but in practice the process involves both public and private elements. The legal principle of eminent domain is used by government to divest citizens of their property in cases where its use is required for a project. Planning often involves tradeoffs—decisions in which some stand to gain and some to lose—and thus is closely connected to the prevailing political situation.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: The history of urban planning dates to some of the earliest known cities, especially in the Indus Valley and Mesoamerican civilizations, which built their cities on grids and apparently zoned different areas for different purposes. The effects of planning, ubiquitous in today's world, can be seen most clearly in the layout of planned communities, fully designed prior to construction, often with consideration for interlocking physical, economic, and cultural systems.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Landless urban workers, contrasted with peasants and known as the proletariat, form a growing stratum of society in the age of urbanization. In Marxist doctrine, the proletariat will inevitably revolt against the bourgeoisie as their ranks swell with disenfranchised and disaffected people lacking all stake in the status quo. The global urban proletariat of today, however, generally lacks the status as factory workers which in the nineteenth century provided access to the means of production.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Historically, cities rely on rural areas for intensive farming to yield surplus crops, in exchange for which they provide money, political administration, manufactured goods, and culture. Urban economics tends to analyze larger agglomerations, stretching beyond city limits, in order to reach a more complete understanding of the local labor market.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: As hubs of trade cities have long been home to retail commerce and consumption through the interface of shopping. In the 20th century, department stores using new techniques of advertising, public relations, decoration, and design, transformed urban shopping areas into fantasy worlds encouraging self-expression and escape through consumerism.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: In general, the density of cities expedites commerce and facilitates knowledge spillovers, helping people and firms exchange information and generate new ideas. A thicker labor market allows for better skill matching between firms and individuals. Population density enables also sharing of common infrastructure and production facilities, however in very dense cities, increased crowding and waiting times may lead to some negative effects.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Although manufacturing fueled the growth of cities, many now rely on a tertiary or service economy. The services in question range from tourism, hospitality, entertainment, housekeeping, and prostitution to grey-collar work in law, finance, and administration.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Density makes for effective mass communication and transmission of news, through heralds, printed proclamations, newspapers, and digital media. These communication networks, though still using cities as hubs, penetrate extensively into all populated areas. In the age of rapid communication and transportation, commentators have described urban culture as nearly ubiquitous or as no longer meaningful.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Bread and circuses among other forms of cultural appeal, attract and entertain the masses. Sports also play a major role in city branding and local identity formation. Cities go to considerable lengths in competing to host the Olympic Games, which bring global attention and tourism.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Cities play a crucial strategic role in warfare due to their economic, demographic, symbolic, and political centrality. For the same reasons, they are targets in asymmetric warfare. Many cities throughout history were founded under military auspices, a great many have incorporated fortifications, and military principles continue to influence urban design. Indeed, war may have served as the social rationale and economic basis for the very earliest cities.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Powers engaged in geopolitical conflict have established fortified settlements as part of military strategies, as in the case of garrison towns, America's Strategic Hamlet Program during the Vietnam War, and Israeli settlements in Palestine. While occupying the Philippines, the US Army ordered local people concentrated into cities and towns, in order to isolate committed insurgents and battle freely against them in the countryside.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Although capture is the more common objective, warfare has in some cases spelt complete destruction for a city. Mesopotamian tablets and ruins attest to such destruction, as does the Latin motto "Carthago delenda est". Since the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and throughout the Cold War, nuclear strategists continued to contemplate the use of "countervalue" targeting: crippling an enemy by annihilating its valuable cities, rather than aiming primarily at its military forces.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Megaprojects such as the construction of airports, power plants, and railways require large upfront investments and thus tend to require funding from national government or the private sector. Privatization may also extend to all levels of infrastructure construction and maintenance.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Urban infrastructure ideally serves all residents equally but in practice may prove uneven—with, in some cities, clear first-class and second-class alternatives.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Public utilities (literally, useful things with general availability) include basic and essential infrastructure networks, chiefly concerned with the supply of water, electricity, and telecommunications capability to the populace.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Because cities rely on specialization and an economic system based on wage labour, their inhabitants must have the ability to regularly travel between home, work, commerce, and entertainment. Citydwellers travel foot or by wheel on roads and walkways, or use special rapid transit systems based on underground, overground, and elevated rail. Cities also rely on long-distance transportation (truck, rail, and airplane) for economic connections with other cities and rural areas.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Walking and cycling ("non-motorized transport") enjoy increasing favor (more pedestrian zones and bike lanes) in American and Asian urban transportation planning, under the influence of such trends as the Healthy Cities movement, the drive for sustainable development, and the idea of a carfree city. Techniques such as road space rationing and road use charges have been introduced to limit urban car traffic.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Housing of residents presents one of the major challenges every city must face. Adequate housing entails not only physical shelters but also the physical systems necessary to sustain life and economic activity. Home ownership represents status and a modicum of economic security, compared to renting which may consume much of the income of low-wage urban workers. Homelessness, or lack of housing, is a challenge currently faced by millions of people in countries rich and poor.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Typical urban fauna include insects (especially ants), rodents (mice, rats), and birds, as well as cats and dogs (domesticated and feral). Large predators are scarce.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Poor and working-class people face disproportionate exposure to environmental risks (known as environmental racism when intersecting also with racial segregation). For example, within the urban microclimate, less-vegetated poor neighborhoods bear more of the heat (but have fewer means of coping with it).

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: One of the main methods of improving the urban ecology is including in the cities more urban green space: parks, gardens, lawns, and trees. These areas improve the health, the well-being of the human, animal, and plant populations of the cities. Well-maintained urban trees can provide many social, ecological, and physical benefits to the residents of the city.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Critics of the notion point to the different realms of power and interchange. The term "global city" is heavily influenced by economic factors and, thus, may not account for places that are otherwise significant. Paul James, for example argues that the term is "reductive and skewed" in its focus on financial systems.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Multinational corporations and banks make their headquarters in global cities and conduct much of their business within this context. American firms dominate the international markets for law and engineering and maintain branches in the biggest foreign global cities.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Global cities feature concentrations of extremely wealthy and extremely poor people. Their economies are lubricated by their capacity (limited by the national government's immigration policy, which functionally defines the supply side of the labor market) to recruit low- and high-skilled immigrant workers from poorer areas. More and more cities today draw on this globally available labor force.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Cities increasingly participate in world political activities independently of their enclosing nation-states. Early examples of this phenomenon are the sister city relationship and the promotion of multi-level governance within the European Union as a technique for European integration. Cities including Hamburg, Prague, Amsterdam, The Hague, and City of London maintain their own embassies to the European Union at Brussels.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: New urban dwellers may increasingly not simply as immigrants but as transmigrants, keeping one foot each (through telecommunications if not travel) in their old and their new homes.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Networks have become especially prevalent in the arena of environmentalism and specifically climate change following the adoption of Agenda 21. Environmental city networks include the C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group, World Association of Major Metropolises ("Metropolis"), the United Nations Global Compact Cities Programme, the Carbon Neutral Cities Alliance (CNCA), the Covenant of Mayors and the Compact of Mayors, ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability, and the Transition Towns network.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Cities with world political status as meeting places for advocacy groups, non-governmental organizations, lobbyists, educational institutions, intelligence agencies, military contractors, information technology firms, and other groups with a stake in world policymaking. They are consequently also sites for symbolic protest.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: The United Nations System has been involved in a series of events and declarations dealing with the development of cities during this period of rapid urbanization.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: UN-Habitat coordinates the UN urban agenda, working with the UN Environmental Programme, the UN Development Programme, the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, the World Health Organization, and the World Bank.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UNESCO has increasingly focused on cities as key sites for influencing cultural governance. It has developed various city networks including the International Coalition of Cities against Racism and the Creative Cities Network. UNESCO's capacity to select World Heritage Sites gives the organization significant influence over cultural capital, tourism, and historic preservation funding.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Cities figure prominently in traditional Western culture, appearing in the Bible in both evil and holy forms, symbolized by Babylon and Jerusalem. Cain and Nimrod are the first city builders in the Book of Genesis. In Sumerian mythology Gilgamesh built the walls of Uruk.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


City

Context: Literature, film, and other forms of popular culture have supplied visions of future cities both utopian and dystopian. The prospect of expanding, communicating, and increasingly interdependent world cities has given rise to images such as Nylonkong (New York, London, Hong Kong) and visions of a single world-encompassing ecumenopolis.

Question: 중국에서 가장 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 어디인가?


Biblical languages

Context: The Hebrew Bible, also known as the Tanakh (Hebrew: ), consists of 24 books. "Hebrew" in "Hebrew Bible" may refer to either the Hebrew language or to the Hebrew people who historically used Hebrew as a spoken language, and have continuously used the language in prayer and study, or both. The texts were mainly written in Biblical Hebrew (sometimes called "Classical Hebrew"), with some portions (notably in Daniel and Ezra) in Biblical Aramaic.

Question: 성경은 몇 개의 언어로 쓰여졌는가?


Biblical languages

Context: Some scholars believe that some books of the Greek New Testament (in particular, the Gospel of Matthew) are actually translations of a Hebrew or Aramaic original. A famous example of this is the opening to the Gospel of John, which some scholars argue to be a Greek translation of an Aramaic hymn. Of these, a small number accept the Syriac Peshitta as representative of the original. See Aramaic primacy.

Question: 성경은 몇 개의 언어로 쓰여졌는가?


Biblical languages

Context: Likewise, some traditional Roman Catholic scholars believed the Gospel of Mark was originally written in Latin. However, the received text of the New Testament is Greek and nearly all translations are based upon the Greek text.

Question: 성경은 몇 개의 언어로 쓰여졌는가?


Economy of Mumbai

Context: Mumbai is the world's 17th largest city by GDP. Mumbai was ranked among the fastest cities in India for business startup in 2009. Mumbai has a Nominal GDP per capita of around US$11,890.

Question: 뭄바이에 현재 1인당 GDP는 얼마나 되나요?


Economy of Mumbai

Context: As Mumbai is the capital of Maharashtra, so government employees make up a large percentage of the city's workforce. Mumbai also has a large semi-skilled labour population, who primarily earn their livelihood as hawkers, taxi drivers, mechanics and other such proletarian professions. The port of Mumbai and shipping industry too employs many residents directly and indirectly. Like most other metropolitan cities, Mumbai also has a large influx of people from rural areas looking for employment.

Question: 뭄바이에 현재 1인당 GDP는 얼마나 되나요?


Economy of Mumbai

Context: The entertainment industry is the other major employer in Mumbai. Most of India's television and satellite networks are located in Mumbai, as well as the major publishing houses. A large number of the Hindi and English television shows are produced in Mumbai. The Hindi movie industry, also known as Bollywood, is also located in Mumbai, along with the largest studios and production houses. To add to this, most major advertising companies operating in India also have their primary office in Mumbai.

Question: 뭄바이에 현재 1인당 GDP는 얼마나 되나요?


Economy of Mumbai

Context: Mumbai is one of the ten largest trading centres in the world in terms of global financial flows, generating ca. 6.16% of the Indian GDP and accounting for 25% of industrial production, 70% of Indian maritime trade and 70% of capital transactions to the Indian economy.

Question: 뭄바이에 현재 1인당 GDP는 얼마나 되나요?


Economy of Mumbai

Context: Several major Indian companies are headquartered in Mumbai. The three largest private companies in India, Tata Group, Reliance Industries, and Aditya Birla Group, are based in Mumbai. Below is a list of some of these major companies:

Question: 뭄바이에 현재 1인당 GDP는 얼마나 되나요?


Economy of Mumbai

Context: Mumbai is home to some of India's largest consumer packaged goods companies like Hindustan Unilever, Procter & Gamble, Nivea, Colgate-Palmolive, Godrej Consumer Products and many much more.

Question: 뭄바이에 현재 1인당 GDP는 얼마나 되나요?


Economy of Mumbai

Context: The Mumbai Monorail and Mumbai Metro have been built and are being extended in phases to relieve overcrowding on the existing network. The Monorail opened in early February 2014. The first line of the Mumbai Metro opened in early June 2014.

Question: 뭄바이에 현재 1인당 GDP는 얼마나 되나요?


Economy of Mumbai

Context: Mumbai is the headquarters of two zones of the Indian Railways: the Central Railway (CR) headquartered at Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (formerly Victoria Terminus), and the Western Railway (WR) headquartered at Churchgate. Mumbai is also well connected to most parts of India by the Indian Railways. Long-distance trains originate from Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, Dadar, Lokmanya Tilak Terminus, Mumbai Central, Bandra Terminus, Andheri and Borivali.

Question: 뭄바이에 현재 1인당 GDP는 얼마나 되나요?


Economy of Mumbai

Context: Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation (MSRTC, also known as ST) buses provide intercity transport connecting Mumbai with other towns and cities of Maharashtra and nearby states. The Navi Mumbai Municipal Transport (NMMT) and Thane Municipal Transport (TMT) also operate their buses in Mumbai, connecting various nodes of Navi Mumbai and Thane to parts of Mumbai.

Question: 뭄바이에 현재 1인당 GDP는 얼마나 되나요?


Economy of Mumbai

Context: Buses are generally favoured for commuting short to medium distances, while train fares are more economical for longer distance commutes.

Question: 뭄바이에 현재 1인당 GDP는 얼마나 되나요?


Economy of Mumbai

Context: The "Mumbai Darshan" is a tourist bus service which explores numerous tourist attractions in Mumbai. Bus Rapid Transit System lanes have been planned throughout Mumbai. Though 88% of the city's commuters travel by public transport, Mumbai still continues to struggle with traffic congestion. Mumbai's transport system has been categorised as one of the most congested in the world.

Question: 뭄바이에 현재 1인당 GDP는 얼마나 되나요?


Economy of Mumbai

Context: Mumbai had about 721,000 private vehicles as of March 2014, 56,459 black and yellow taxis , and 106,000 auto rickshaws, as of May 2013.

Question: 뭄바이에 현재 1인당 GDP는 얼마나 되나요?


Economy of Mumbai

Context: The Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport (formerly Sahar International Airport) is the main aviation hub in the city and the second busiest airport in India in terms of passenger traffic. It handled 3.66 crore (36.6 million) passengers and 694,300 tonnes of cargo during FY 2014–2015. An upgrade plan was initiated in 2006, targeted at increasing the capacity of the airport to handle up to 4 crore (40 million) passengers annually and the new terminal T2 was opened in February 2014.

Question: 뭄바이에 현재 1인당 GDP는 얼마나 되나요?


Economy of Mumbai

Context: The proposed Navi Mumbai International airport to be built in the Kopra-Panvel area has been sanctioned by the Indian Government and will help relieve the increasing traffic burden on the existing airport.

Question: 뭄바이에 현재 1인당 GDP는 얼마나 되나요?


Economy of Mumbai

Context: The Juhu Aerodrome was India's first airport, and now hosts the Bombay Flying Club and a heliport operated by state-owned Pawan Hans.

Question: 뭄바이에 현재 1인당 GDP는 얼마나 되나요?


Economy of Mumbai

Context: The World Travel & Tourism Council calculated that tourism generated US$3.9 billion or 3.2% of the city's GDP in 2016 and supported 637,900 jobs, 7.3% of its total employment. The sector is predicted to grow at an average annual rate of 8.8% to US$9 billion by 2026 (3.1% of GDP). Mumbai's tourism industry accounted for 5.4% of India's total travel and tourism-related GDP in 2016, and employed 2.4% of the country's total workforce.

Question: 뭄바이에 현재 1인당 GDP는 얼마나 되나요?


Economy of Mumbai

Context: Foreign tourists accounted for 35.7% of all tourism-related spending in Mumbai in 2016. Nearly one-fifth of foreign tourists visiting the city come from the United Arab Emirates.

Question: 뭄바이에 현재 1인당 GDP는 얼마나 되나요?


Silla

Context: Until its founding as a full-fledged kingdom, Silla was recorded using several hanja combinations to phonetically approximate its native Korean name, including 斯盧 (사로, Saro), 斯羅 (사라, Sara), 徐那(伐) (서나[벌], Seona[beol]), 徐耶(伐) (서야[벌], Seoya[beol]), 徐羅(伐) (서라[벌], Seora[beol]), and 徐伐 (서벌, Seobeol).

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: In 504, Jijeung of Silla standardized the characters into 新羅 (신라), which in Modern Korean is pronounced "Silla".

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: One etymological hypothesis suggests that the name "Seorabeol" might have been the origin of the word "Seoul", meaning "capital city", and also the name of the present capital of South Korea, which was previously known as Hansung or Hanyang. The name of the Silla capital may have changed into its Late Middle Korean form "Syeo-beul" (셔블), meaning "royal capital city," which might have changed to "Syeo-ul" (셔울) soon after, and finally resulted in "Seoul" (서울 "seo-ul") in the Modern Korean language.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: The name of either Silla or its capital Seorabeol was widely used throughout Northeast Asia as the ethnonym for the people of Silla, appearing as Shiragi in Japanese and as Solgo or Solho in the language of the medieval Jurchens and their later descendants, the Manchus, respectively. In the modern Mongolian language, Korea and Koreans are still known as "Солонгос" ("Solongos)", which seems to be an alteration of "Silla" influenced by the Mongolian word for "rainbow" ("солонго" "solongo").

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: Silla was also referred to as Gyerim (鷄林, 계림), literally "chicken forest," a name that has its origins in the forest near the Silla capital. Legend has it that the state's founder was born in the same forest, hatched from the egg of a cockatrice (Korean: "gyeryong", 雞龍, 계룡, literally "chicken-dragon").

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: During the Proto–Three Kingdoms period, central and southern Korea consisted of three confederacies called the Samhan. Silla began as Saro-guk, a statelet within the 12-member confederacy known as Jinhan. Saro-guk consisted of six clans later known as the Six Clans of Jinhan (Korean: 진한 6부, Hanja: 辰韓六部 from Gojoseon.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: According to Korean records, Silla was founded by Bak Hyeokgeose of Silla in 57 BCE, around present-day Gyeongju. Hyeokgeose is said to have been hatched from an egg laid from a white horse, and when he turned 13, six clans submitted to him as king and established Saro-guk (also called Seona).

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: In its early days, Silla started off as a city-state by the name of Saro (Korean: 사로국, Hanja: 斯盧國), initially founded by Yemaek refugees from Gojoseon. It has also accepted dispersed people fleeing from the Lelang Commandery after Goguryeo's invasion, while later on incorporating native Jin people in the vicinity and Ye people to the North.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: By the 2nd century, Silla existed as a distinct state in the southeastern area of the Korean peninsula. It expanded its influence over neighboring Jinhan chiefdoms, but through the 3rd century was probably no more than the strongest city-state in a loose federation.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: To the west, Baekje had centralized into a kingdom by about 250, overtaking the Mahan confederacy. To the southwest, Byeonhan was being replaced by the Gaya confederacy. In northern Korea, Goguryeo, a kingdom by about 50 CE, destroyed the last Chinese commandery in 313 and had grown into a threatening regional power.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: Naemul of Silla (356–402) of the Gim clan established a hereditary monarchy and took the royal title of "Maripgan" (麻立干; 마립간). However, in Samguk Sagi, Naemul of Silla still appears as a title of "Isageum" (泥師今; 이사금). He is considered by many historians as the starting point of the Gyeongju Gim (Kim) dynasty, which lasted more than 550 years. However, even when Gim monopolized the throne for more than 500 years, the worship of the founder Bak Hyeokgeose continued.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: In 377, Silla sent emissaries to China and established relations with Goguryeo. Facing pressure from Baekje in the west and Japan in the south, in the later part of the 4th century, Silla allied with Goguryeo. However, after King Gwanggaeto's campaign, Silla lost its status as a subordinate country. when Goguryeo began to expand its territory southward, moving its capital to Pyongyang in 427, Nulji of Silla was forced to ally with Baekje.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: By the time of Beopheung of Silla (514–540), Silla was a full-fledged kingdom, with Buddhism as state religion, and its own Korean era name. Silla absorbed the Gaya confederacy during the Gaya–Silla Wars, annexing Geumgwan Gaya in 532 and conquering Daegaya in 562, thereby expanding its borders to the Nakdong River basin.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: Jinheung of Silla (540–576) established a strong military force. Silla helped Baekje drive Goguryeo out of the Han River (Seoul) area, and then wrested control of the entire strategic region from Baekje in 553, breaching the 120-year Baekje-Silla alliance. Also, King Jinheung established the Hwarang.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: The early period ended with the death of Jindeok of Silla and the demise of the "hallowed bone" (Hangul: 성골 "seonggol") rank system.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: The royal title "Maripgan" (Hangul: 마립간) is analyzed into two elements in many popular explanations, with the first element alleged to be from the Korean root

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: or from a word related to Middle Korean "marh" meaning "stake, post, pile, picket, peg, pin (of a tent)".

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: The second element, "gan" (Hangul: 간), is generally believed to be related to the Middle Korean word "han" (Hangul: 한) meaning "great, grand, many, much", which was previously used for ruling princes in southern Korea, and may have some relationship with the Mongol/Turkic title Khan.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: In Jinjin and Silla, the king was referred to as Gan, and during the Unified Silla Period, the title "Gan" was also used as Chungji Jagan and Agan.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: Thereafter the Silla kingship was fixed in the house of Wonseong of Silla (785–798), though the office itself was continually contested among various branches of the Gim lineage.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: Nevertheless, the middle period of Silla witnessed the state at its zenith, the brief consolidation of royal power, and the attempt to institute a Chinese style bureaucratic system.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: The final century and a half of the Silla state was one of nearly constant upheaval and civil war as the king was reduced to little more than a figurehead and powerful aristocratic families rose to actual dominance outside the capital and royal court.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: The tail end of this period, called the Later Three Kingdoms period, briefly saw the emergence of the kingdoms of Later Baekje and Taebong, which were really composed of military forces capitalizing on their respective region's historical background, and Silla's submission to the Goryeo dynasty.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: From at least the 6th century, when Silla acquired a detailed system of law and governance, social status and official advancement were dictated by the bone rank system. This rigid lineage-based system also dictated clothing, house size, and the permitted range of marriage.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: The king (or queen) theoretically was an absolute monarch, but royal powers were somewhat constrained by a strong aristocracy.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: The "Hwabaek" (화백,和白) served as royal council with decision-making authorities on some vital issues like succession to the throne or declarations of war. The Hwabaek was headed by a person (Sangdaedeung) chosen from the "sacred bone" rank. One of the key decisions of this royal council was the adoption of Buddhism as state religion.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: Following unification Silla began to rely more upon Chinese models of bureaucracy to administer its greatly expanded territory. This was a marked change from pre-unification days when the Silla monarchy stressed Buddhism, and the Silla monarch's role as a "Buddha-king". Another salient factor in post-unification politics were the increasing tensions between the Korean monarchy and aristocracy.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: The massive Bronze Bell of King Seongdeok the Great of Silla is known to produce a distinctive sound. Cheomseongdae near Gyeongju is the oldest extant astronomical observatory in East Asia but some disagree on its exact functions. It was built during the reign of Queen Seondeok (632–647).

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: Muslim traders brought the name "Silla" to the world outside the traditional East Asian sphere through the Silk Road. Geographers of the Arab and Persian world, including ibn Khurdadhbih, al-Masudi, Dimashiki, Al-Nuwayri, and al-Maqrizi, left records about Silla.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: The current descendants to the Silla dynasty fall under the Park name. Family records since the last ruler have been provided, but these records have yet to be fully verified.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: The importance of Buddhism in Silla society of the late early period is difficult to exaggerate. From King Beopheung and for the following six reigns Silla kings adopted Buddhist names and came to portray themselves as Buddhist–kings.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: Silla's strong Buddhist nature is also reflected by the thousands of remnant Buddhist stone figures and carvings, mostly importantly on Namsan. The international influence of the Tang Dynasty on these figures and carvings can be witnessed in the hallmarks of a round full form, a stern expression of the face, and drapery that clings to the body, but stylistic elements of native Korean culture can still be identified.

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Silla

Context: An ancient Persian epic poem, the Kushnameh, contains detailed descriptions of Silla. Former South Korean president Park Geun-hye said during a festival celebrating Iran and Korea's 1,500 years of shared cultural ties, "The Kushnameh, that tells of a Persian prince who went to Silla in the seventh century and got married with a Korean princess, thus forming a royal marriage.”

Question: 신라는 언제 폐망했나요?


Chinese alligator

Context: The Chinese alligator has been a part of Chinese literature since the third century. In the late 1200s, Marco Polo became the first person outside of China to write about it. In some writings, the Chinese alligator has been associated with the Chinese dragon. Many pieces of evidence suggest that the Chinese alligator was an inspiration for the Chinese dragon.

Question: 악어는 한번에 몇 개의 알을 낳는가?


Chinese alligator

Context: The genus, "Alligator", is based on the Spanish word el lagarto. The specific name, "sinensis", is from the Latin plural possessive "sinaensis", meaning "belonging to China".

Question: 악어는 한번에 몇 개의 알을 낳는가?


Chinese alligator

Context: The oldest definitive record of the Chinese alligator is from the late Pliocene of Japan, around 3 million years old. Pleistocene fossils show that its range was once much more extensive, extending northwards to Shandong and southwards to the Taiwan Strait.

Question: 악어는 한번에 몇 개의 알을 낳는가?


Chinese alligator

Context: One of the smallest species of crocodilians, the Chinese alligator attains a length of and weight of as an adult. Females are roughly three-quarters the length of males. It is less than half the size of the American alligator, which typically grows to a length of for males and for females. Reports are known of alligators in China reaching in past centuries, but these are no longer thought to be accurate.

Question: 악어는 한번에 몇 개의 알을 낳는가?


Chinese alligator

Context: The Chinese alligator brumates in burrows during winter. After this period of dormancy, it frequently spends time in the sun before summer begins. It is nocturnal throughout summer, feeding at night and sheltering in the daytime, to avoid both humans and the summer heat. This behavior gives it the ability to live in areas where humans are common. A docile species, it generally does not intentionally hurt humans.

Question: 악어는 한번에 몇 개의 알을 낳는가?


Chinese alligator

Context: The alligator grows quickly in its first few years, with its growth rate slowing at age five. According to the National Zoological Park, females reach maturity roughly four to five years after birth, although other sources estimate that they mature at age six to seven. It can live to over 50 years, and has been known to reach age 70 in captivity. It cannot breed past its 50s.

Question: 악어는 한번에 몇 개의 알을 낳는가?


Chinese alligator

Context: The Chinese alligator is a vocal species, making many different sounds in multiple situations. When communicating with nearby alligators, it produces sounds such as head slapping, hissing, and whining, which have a low sound pressure level (SPL). To communicate long-distance, it produces bellows, which have a high SPL. All of these sounds have a low frequency of less than 500 hertz, due to the alligator's densely vegetated habitat, which allow the sounds to spread across a greater area.

Question: 악어는 한번에 몇 개의 알을 낳는가?


Chinese alligator

Context: Young Chinese alligators often communicate with each other and their parents using vocal signals to "maintain group cohesion". Young also make sounds when in danger, which alert adults to help and caution nearby young of the threat. Embryos produce distinctive sounds inside their eggs, which alert the adult female that the nest is ready to be opened. These vocalizations are high-pitched, while their danger calls are louder.

Question: 악어는 한번에 몇 개의 알을 낳는가?


Chinese alligator

Context: Multiple other breeding facilities that house the Chinese alligator exist in various provinces of China, as well as private breeding farms and museums.

Question: 악어는 한번에 몇 개의 알을 낳는가?


Chinese alligator

Context: The Chinese alligator is also kept and bred at many zoos and aquariums in North America and Europe. Some individuals bred there have been returned to China for reintroduction to the wild. The first time the alligators were ever transported internationally is believed to have been when several were taken from China to the United States in the 1950s. In November 2017, four Chinese alligators were transported from their natural habitat in China to Shizuoka, Japan.

Question: 악어는 한번에 몇 개의 알을 낳는가?


Chinese alligator

Context: Some writers have suggested that the Chinese alligator was the inspiration for the Chinese dragon. This theory was widespread in the early 1900s, and the idea was later revisited by John Thorbjarnarson and Xiaoming Wang. According to "The New York Times", the association with the "beneficent" mythological creature is an advantage for the species.

Question: 악어는 한번에 몇 개의 알을 낳는가?


Spanish Empire

Context: During the last 250 years of the Reconquista era, the Castilian monarchy tolerated the small Moorish "taifa" client-kingdom of Granada in the south-east by exacting tributes of gold—the "parias." In so doing, they ensured that gold from the Niger region of Africa entered Europe.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: The Portuguese tried in vain to keep secret their discovery of the Gold Coast (1471) in the Gulf of Guinea, but the news quickly caused a huge gold rush. Chronicler Pulgar wrote that the fame of the treasures of Guinea "spread around the ports of Andalusia in such way that everybody tried to go there". Worthless trinkets, Moorish textiles, and above all, shells from the Canary and Cape Verde islands were exchanged for gold, slaves, ivory and Guinea pepper.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: The War of the Castilian Succession (1475–79) provided the Catholic Monarchs with the opportunity not only to attack the main source of the Portuguese power, but also to take possession of this lucrative commerce. The Crown officially organized this trade with Guinea: every caravel had to secure a government license and to pay a tax on one-fifth of their profits (a receiver of the customs of Guinea was established in Seville in 1475—the ancestor of the future and famous Casa de Contratación).

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: Seven months before the treaty of Alcaçovas, King John II of Aragon died, and his son Ferdinand II of Aragon, married to Isabella I of Castile, inherited the thrones of the Crown of Aragon. The two became known as the Catholic Monarchs, with their marriage a personal union that created a relationship between the Crown of Aragon and Castile, each with their own administrations, but ruled jointly by the two monarchs.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: The treaty of Tordesillas and the treaty of Cintra (18 September 1509) established the limits of the Kingdom of Fez for Portugal, and the Castilian expansion was allowed outside these limits, beginning with the conquest of Melilla in 1497.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: In 1494, Columbus launched the transatlantic slave trade, sending at least twenty-four enslaved Taínos to Spain.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: According to the Concord of Segovia of 1475, Ferdinand was mentioned in the bulls as king of Castile, and upon his death the title of the Indies was to be incorporated into the Crown of Castile. The territories were incorporated by the Catholic Monarchs as jointly held assets.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: In the Treaty of Villafáfila of 1506, Ferdinand renounced not only the government of Castile in favor of his son-in-law Philip I of Castile but also the lordship of the Indies, withholding a half of the income of the "kingdoms of the Indies". Joanna of Castile and Philip immediately added to their

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: titles the kingdoms of Indies, Islands and Mainland of the Ocean Sea. But the Treaty of Villafáfila did not hold for long because of the death of Philip; Ferdinand returned as regent of Castile and as "lord the Indies".

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: According to the domain granted by Papal bulls and the wills of queen Isabella of Castile in 1504 and king Ferdinand of Aragon in 1516, such property became held by the Crown of Castile. This arrangement was ratified by successive monarchs, beginning with Charles I in 1519 in a decree that spelled out the juridical status of the new overseas territories.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: In metropolitan Spain, the direction of the Americas was taken over by the Bishop Fonseca between 1493 and 1516, and again between 1518 and 1524, after a brief period of rule by Jean le Sauvage. After 1504 the figure of the secretary was added, so between 1504 and 1507 Gaspar de Gricio took charge, between 1508 and 1518 Lope de Conchillos followed him, and from 1519, Francisco de los Cobos.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: The first settlement on the mainland was Santa María la Antigua del Darién in Castilla de Oro (now Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama and Colombia), settled by Vasco Núñez de Balboa in 1510. In 1513, Balboa crossed the Isthmus of Panama, and led the first European expedition to see the Pacific Ocean from the West coast of the New World. In an action with enduring historical import, Balboa claimed the Pacific Ocean and all the lands adjoining it for the Spanish Crown.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: In the year 1524 the Portuguese Estevão Gomes, who'd sailed in Ferdinand Magellan's fleet, explored Nova Scotia, sailing South through Maine, where he entered New York Harbor, the Hudson River and eventually reached Florida in August 1525.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: The viceroy of New Spain Antonio de Mendoza, for who is named the Codex Mendoza, commissioned several expeditions to explore and establish settlements in the northern lands of New Spain in 1540–42. Francisco Vásquez de Coronado reached Quivira in central Kansas. Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo explored the western coastline of Alta California in 1542–43.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: In 1540, expeditions under Hernando de Alarcon and Melchior Diaz visited the area of Yuma and immediately saw the natural crossing of the Colorado River from Mexico to California by land, as an ideal spot for a city, as the Colorado River narrows to slightly under 1000 feet wide in one small point. Later military expedition that crossed the Colorado River at the Yuma Crossing include Juan Bautista de Anza (1774).

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: The Chamuscado and Rodríguez Expedition explored New Mexico in 1581–82. They explored a part of the route visited by Coronado in New Mexico and other parts in the southwestern United States between 1540 and 1542.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: The viceroy of New Spain Don Diego García Sarmiento sent another expedition in 1648 to explore, conquer and colonize the Californias.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: In 1525, King Charles I of Spain ordered an expedition led by friar García Jofre de Loaísa to go to Asia by the western route to colonize the Maluku Islands (known as Spice Islands, now part of Indonesia), thus crossing first the Atlantic and then the Pacific oceans. Ruy López de Villalobos sailed to the Philippines in 1542–43. From 1546 to 1547 Francis Xavier worked in Maluku among the peoples of Ambon Island, Ternate, and Morotai, and laid the foundations for the Christian religion there.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: The Spanish settled and took control of Tidore in 1603 to trade spices and counter Dutch encroachment in the archipelago of Maluku. The Spanish presence lasted until 1663, when the settlers and military were moved back to the Philippines. Part of the Ternatean population chose to leave with the Spanish, settling near Manila in what later became the municipality of Ternate.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: Spanish galleons travelled across the Pacific Ocean annually between Acapulco in Mexico and Manila, and from there the primary Asian destination for silver from the Americas was China.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: In 1542, Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo traversed the coast of California and named many of its features. In 1601, Sebastián Vizcaíno mapped the coastline in detail and gave new names to many features. Martín de Aguilar, lost from the expedition led by Sebastián Vizcaíno, explored the Pacific coast as far north as Coos Bay in present-day Oregon.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: Since the 1549 arrival to Kagoshima (Kyushu) of a group of Jesuits with St. Francis Xavier missionary and Portuguese traders, Spain was interested in Japan. In this first group of Jesuit missionaries were included Spaniards Cosme de Torres and Juan Fernández.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: In 1611, Sebastián Vizcaíno surveyed the east coast of Japan and from the year of 1611 to 1614 he was ambassador of King Philip III in Japan returning to Acapulco in the year of 1614. In 1608, he was sent to search for two mythical islands called Rico de Oro (island of gold) and Rico de Plata (island of silver).

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: Spain expanded its Pacific empire in 1668 when Jesuit missionary Diego Luis de San Vitores established a mission on Guam. San Vitores was killed by the native Chamorros in 1672, sparking the Spanish-Chamorro Wars.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: With the 1700 death of the childless Charles II of Spain, the crown of Spain was contested in the War of the Spanish Succession.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: At the beginning of his reign, the first Spanish Bourbon, King Philip V, reorganized the government to strengthen the executive power of the monarch as was done in France, in place of the deliberative, Polysynodial System of Councils.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: Philip's government set up a ministry of the Navy and the Indies (1714) and established commercial companies, the Honduras Company (1714), a Caracas company, the Guipuzcoana Company (1728), and the most successful one, the Havana Company (1740).

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: Two upheavals registered unease within Spanish America and at the same time demonstrated the renewed resiliency of the reformed system: the Tupac Amaru uprising in Peru in 1780 and the rebellion of the "comuneros" of New Granada, both in part reactions to tighter, more efficient control.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: Much of the research done in the eighteenth century was never published or otherwise disseminated, in part due to budgetary constraints on the crown. Starting in the late twentieth century, research on the history of science in Spain and the Spanish empire has blossomed, with primary sources being published in scholarly editions or reissued, as well the publication of a considerable number of important scholarly studies.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: Bourbon institutional reforms under Philip V bore fruit militarily when Spanish forces easily retook Naples and Sicily (Battle of Bitonto) from the Austrians in 1734 during the War of the Polish Succession, and during the War of Jenkins' Ear (1739–42) thwarted British efforts to capture the strategic cities of Cartagena de Indias and Santiago de Cuba by defeating a massive British army and navy, although Spain's invasion of Georgia also failed.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: During most of the 18th century, Spanish privateers, particularly from Santo Domingo, were the scourge of the Antilles, with Dutch, British, French and Danish vessels as their prizes.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: Spain contributed to the independence of the thirteen American colonies (which formed the United States) together with France. Spain and France were allies because of the Bourbon "Family Pact" carried out by both countries against Britain.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: The Spanish governor of Louisiana Bernardo de Gálvez launched several successful offensives against British Florida (1779–81), capturing the entirety of West Florida from Britain. Gálvez also conquered the island New Providence in the Bahamas. Jamaica was the last British stronghold of importance in the Caribbean. Gálvez attempted to organize an expedition to capture the island; however, the 1783 Peace of Paris was concluded and the invasion cancelled.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: In time, there was in effect a self-funding force of occupation. By the 18th century, much of the Spanish territory was under de facto control of Portuguese-Brazil. This reality was recognized with the legal transfer of sovereignty in 1750 of most of the Amazon basin and surrounding areas to Portugal in the Treaty of Madrid. This settlement sowed the seeds of the Guaraní War in 1756.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: In 1808, the Spanish king was tricked and Spain was taken over by Napoleon without firing a shot, but the French provoked a popular uprising from the Spanish people and the grinding guerrilla warfare, which Napoleon dubbed his "ulcer," the Peninsular War, (famously depicted by the painter Goya) ensued. Spain gave the Napoleonic army their first open-field defeat at the Battle of Bailén (July 1808), which inspired Austria and Britain to form the Fifth Coalition against France.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: The liberal Spanish Constitution of 1812 recognized indigenous peoples of the Americas as Spanish citizens. But the acquisition of citizenship for any casta of Afro-American peoples of the Americas was through naturalization – excluding slaves.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: The Spanish coastal fortifications in Veracruz, Callao and Chiloé were the footholds that resisted until 1825 and 1826 respectively. In Spanish America, Royalist guerrillas continued the war in several countries, and Spain launched attempts to retake Venezuela in 1823 and Mexico in 1829. Spain abandoned all plans of military re-conquest at the death of King Ferdinand VII in 1833. Finally the Spanish government went so far as to renounce sovereignty over all of continental America in 1836.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: Santo Domingo likewise declared independence in 1821 and began negotiating for inclusion in Bolivar's Republic of Gran Colombia, but was quickly occupied by Haiti, which ruled it until an 1844 revolution. After 17 years of independence, in 1861, Santo Domingo was again made a Spanish colony due to Haitian aggression. It was the only time that a Spanish colonial possession would return to Spain after having gained independence.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: The Spanish rule of the Philippines officially ended with the Treaty of Paris of 1898, which also ended the Spanish–American War. In the treaty, Spain ceded control of the Philippines and other territories to the United States. There was an uneasy peace around Manila, with the American forces controlling the city and the weaker Philippines forces surrounding them.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: On February 4, 1899, in the Battle of Manila, fighting broke out between the Filipino and American forces, beginning the Philippine–American War. Aguinaldo immediately ordered "[t]hat peace and friendly relations with the Americans be broken and that the latter be treated as enemies". In June 1899, the nascent First Philippine Republic formally declared war against the United States.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: By the end of the 17th century, only Melilla, Alhucemas, Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera (which had been taken again in 1564), Ceuta (part of the Portuguese Empire since 1415, had chosen to retain its links to Spain once the Iberian Union ended; the formal allegiance of Ceuta to Spain was recognized by the Treaty of Lisbon in 1668), Oran and Mers El Kébir remained as Spanish territory in Africa. The latter cities were lost in 1708, reconquered in 1732 and sold by Charles IV in 1792.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: In 1778, Fernando Poo Island (now Bioko), adjacent islets, and commercial rights to the mainland between the Niger and Ogooué Rivers were ceded to Spain by the Portuguese in exchange for territory in South America (Treaty of El Pardo). In the 19th century, some Spanish explorers and missionaries would cross this zone, among them Manuel Iradier.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: In 1848, Spanish troops occupied the uninhabited Chafarinas Islands, anticipating a French move on the rocks located off the North-African coast.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: In 1923, Tangier was declared an international city under French, Spanish, British, and later Italian joint administration.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: Spain lacked the wealth and the interest to develop an extensive economic infrastructure in its African colonies during the first half of the 20th century. However, through a paternalistic system, particularly on Bioko Island, Spain developed large cocoa plantations for which thousands of Nigerian workers were imported as laborers.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: In 1969, under international pressure, Spain returned Sidi Ifni to Morocco. Spanish control of Spanish Sahara endured until the 1975 Green March prompted a withdrawal, under Moroccan military pressure. The future of this former Spanish colony remains uncertain.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: The Canary Islands and Spanish cities in the African mainland are considered an equal part of Spain and the European Union but have a different tax system.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: Morocco still claims Ceuta, Melilla, and " even though they are internationally recognized as administrative divisions of Spain. Isla Perejil was occupied on 11 July 2002 by Moroccan Gendarmerie and troops, who were evicted by Spanish naval forces in a bloodless operation.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: Although the Spanish Empire declined from its apogee in the middle seventeenth century, it remained a wonder for other Europeans for its sheer geographical span. Writing in 1738, English poet Samuel Johnson questioned, "Has heaven reserved, in pity to the poor,/No pathless waste or undiscovered shore,/No secret island in the boundless main,/No peaceful desert yet unclaimed by Spain?"

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Spanish Empire

Context: There were also cultural influences, which can be seen in everything from architecture to food, music, art and law, from Southern Argentina and Chile to the United States of America together with the Philippines. The complex origins and contacts of different peoples resulted in cultural influences coming together in the varied forms evident today in the former colonial areas.

Question: 스페인의 첫번째 식민지는 어디인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Despite early failings and lacking both the material resources and social status his rivals commanded, he gathered support among disheartened Han loyalists who opposed Cao Cao, the warlord who controlled the Han central government and the figurehead Emperor Xian and led a popular movement to restore the Han dynasty. Liu Bei overcame a number of setbacks to carve out his own realm, which at its peak spanned present-day Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Hunan, and parts of Hubei and Gansu.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: The authoritative historical source on Liu Bei's life is the "Records of the Three Kingdoms" ("Sanguozhi") written by Chen Shou in the third century. During the fifth century, Pei Songzhi annotated the "Sanguozhi" by incorporating information from other sources to Chen Shou's original work and adding his personal comments. In 2006, William Gordon Crowell translated his complete biography found into the volume 32 of Chen Shou's "Sanguozhi" and made it freely available via Academia.edu.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: The historical text "Records of the Three Kingdoms" described Liu Bei as a man seven "chi" and five "cun" tall (approximately 1.74 metres), with long arms that "extended beyond his knees" and ears so large that "he could see them". Liu Bei has been called "Big Ears" (大耳) by both Lu Bu and Cao Cao.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Liu Bei's grandfather Liu Xiong () and father Liu Hong () both served in provincial and commandery offices. Liu Bei's grandfather, Liu Xiong did well and was recommended as a candidate for civil office in the "xiaolian" process. Then, he rose to become prefect of Fan (范) in Dong Commandery.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: The adolescent Liu Bei was said to be unenthusiastic in studying however he was fond of dogs and horses; also displayed interest in hunting, music and dressing in fine clothing. He enjoyed associating with braves ("haoxia"), and in his youth he fought and hung out with them. He would not manifest his anger or happiness and always showed a pleasant face in front of others. Liu Bei was charismatic and all the heroic youth bonded with him.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Around this time, Two great horse merchants from Zhongshan. Zhang Shiping () and Su Shuang (), were very wealthy and had riches of several thousands in gold. They sold horses and when they passed through Zhuo commandery. They met Liu Bei and were struck by his appearance and personality. So they gifted him much money and wealth. Thanks to their assistance, Liu Bei was able to assemble a large group of followers.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: In 184, at the end of the reign of Emperor Ling, the Yellow Turbans rose up and started the Yellow Turban Rebellion. Every province and commandery would call for righteous man to defend the country. Liu Bei saw what was happening and became much more politically aware. He called for the assembly of a militia to help government forces suppress the rebellion. And rallied a group of loyal followers, including among them Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and Jian Yong.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: He then travelled south with his followers to join another militia. Around this time, the General-in-Chief He Jin sent the Chief Commandant Guanqiu Yi (毌丘毅) to Danyang with the mission to recruit soldiers and Liu Bei joined him in fighting the Yellow Turbans remnants in Xu Province. When they reached Xiapi, they met the rebel army and Liu Bei fought hard with talent. As a reward for his contributions, the Han central government appointed him as the Prefect () and Commandant () of Gaotang County.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: During his tenure at Pingyuan, Kong Rong worked as the Chancellor of Beihai State (北海國) and was besieged by an army led by Yellow Turbans. He sent Taishi Ci to ask for reinforcement from Liu Bei. When he learned of this, Liu Bei said: "So, Kong Wenju knows that there is a Liu Bei in this world?" Thereafter, he sent troops to rescue Kong Rong and the siege was lifted.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: The previously mentioned Chen Deng was a man of great talent and enjoyed giving appraisal of well known people. He once said to the scholar Chen Jiao (陳矯) about Liu Bei: "When It comes to those of bold character that are destined to be heroes, those who lay great plan to become hegemon-kings, I respect Liu Bei." Then he grouped him along with Chen Ji (Chen Shi's son), Hua Xin and Kong Rong as outstanding inviduals.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Soon Tao Qian's illness became serious and he told to the mounted escort Mi Zhu: "Other than Liu Bei, there is no one who can bring peace to this province." Upon Tao Qian's death in 194, the Mi family backed Liu Bei instead of one of Tao Qian's sons to be the new Governor of Xu Province. Mi Zhu then led the residents of the province to meet Liu Bei however he was still hesitant and apprehensive about taking this post. He then consulted Kong Rong and Chen Deng.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: The chancellor of Beihai, Kong Rong also told him: "Is Yuan Gonglu someone who will be concerned about the state and forget his family? In what way are dried bones in the grave worthy of our attention? As far as today's matter is concerned, the people will adhere to men of talent and ability. If one does not accept what heaven offers to him then it will be too late if you regret, it later.” Both of them advised him to form an alliance with Yuan Shao.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: In 195, Lü Bu was defeated by Cao Cao and sought shelter under Liu Bei. In the next year, Yuan Shu led an army to invade Xu Province. In response, Liu Bei led his troops to counter Yuan Shu's advances near present-day Xuyi County and stopped him at Xuyi and Huaiyin (淮陰). Around this time, Cao Cao memorialized to appoint Liu Bei as General Who Subdues The East and enfeoffed him as marquis of Yicheng Village. This was in the first year of the Jian'an period (196).

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Upon receiving news of Lü Bu's intrusion, Liu Bei immediately headed back to Xiapi Commandery but most of his troops scatered along the way. With his remaining men, Liu Bei moved eastward to take Guangling Commandery where Yuan Shu's forces defeated him. Liu Bei then retreated to Haixi County (海西縣; southeast of present-day Guannan County, Jiangsu).

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: During the year 197, Yang Feng and Han Xian were brigands who raided the area between Yang and Xu provinces and were ordered by Lü Bu to lead their troops to raid Liu Bei's supplies. However, Liu Bei successfully lured them into a trap. Yang Feng was killed while Han Xian managed to escape.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Before his execution, Lu Bu tried to convince Cao Cao to let him live. He told him: "Let me serve under you and you would be unopposed in the realm." Cao Cao still had some doubts. Then, Liu Bei said: "Will you have Lu Bu treat you the same way as he treated the General Ding Yuan and the Grand Instructor Dong Zhuo?" At this remark, Cao Cao nodded while Lu Bu was glaring at Liu Bei and told him: "Big Ears (大耳), you are the most untrustworthy of all."

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Pei Songzhi about this commented: "Cao Cao had Liu Bei lead an army to attack Yuan Shu, Guo Jia along with others were against his decision however he refused to listen to them. The matter should be clear. Liu Bei didn't escape because he was growing vegetables. All of this is absurd!"

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: However the Chronicles of Huayang also gave a similar account with other informations such as Guo Jia and Cheng Yu warning Cao Cao that Liu Bei left with Cao Cao sending riders to stop him but failing to do so. It also stated that when he learned about Liu Bei doing trivial things, Cao Cao said: "Old Big Ears (大耳) is really obvious to what is happening."

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Before killing Cai Yong, Liu Bei proclaimed: "I may be lacking in power but even if you were ten thousand still you couldn't defeat me. Only Cao Mengde would force me to flee." Indeed, Liu Bei defeated and killed Cai Yong along with others and fled when he learned that Cao Cao was leading an army.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Liu Bei was greatly pleased and became closer to Zhuge Liang each day saying that he feels as a fish that found water.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Around this time, Zhuge Liang visited Liu Bei. Liu Bei was fond of feathers and when Zhuge Liang joined him, he was tying a recently gifted bunch of ox-tail hairs. When Zhuge Liang saw this, he said "General, you should wish to realize greater ambitions! Or is tying feathers your only aspiration?" Liu Bei then acknowledge that Zhuge Liang was an extrodirnary person and throw away the feathers admitting that it was just "A mere idle fancy!"

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: The Records of Heroes (英雄記) also stated that when Liu Biao was ill, he sent a memorial to have Liu Bei promoted Governor of Jing province.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Pei Songzhi believed that as Liu Biao and his wife already decided to remove the eldest son from the succession for a younger one they favored, there would be no reason for him to confide Jing province to Liu Bei. Therefore, he said that those are wrong statements.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Zhuge Liang, as Liu Bei's representative, followed Lu Su to meet Sun Quan at Chaisang County (柴桑縣; southwest of present-day Jiujiang, Jiangxi), where they discussed the formation of a Sun–Liu alliance against Cao Cao. Sun Quan already knew of Liu Bei great reputation and was impressed by Zhuge Liang's exceptional eloquence. Therefore, Liu Bei and Sun Quan formed their first alliance against the southward expansion of Cao Cao.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Sun Sheng about this commented: "Liu Bei was a hero. He put himself in a position of certain defeat and reported his predicament to Wu. After he received their help, there was no need for scout and strategy to withdraw. The statements from the Jiang Biao Zhuan (江表傳) are from the documents of the people of Wu therefore offer their one-sided favorable version of those events."

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Both sides clashed at the Battle of Red Cliffs, which concluded with a decisive victory for the Sun–Liu side. Liu Bei and the Sun troops advanced by land and water until Cao Cao was pushed to Nan Commandery. Cao Cao retreated north after his defeat and left behind Cao Ren and Xu Huang to guard Jiangling County and Yue Jin to defend Xiangyang.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Following their victory, Zhou Yu divided some area to the south for Liu Bei. Liu Bei established his camp at Youjiangkou (油江口) latter called Gong'an County. Many of Liu Biao's officers and scholars who were previously forced to join the northern armies rebelled and used this opportunity to join Liu Bei. Liu Bei believed that the territory given to him was too small to secure his people and received more commanderies from Sun Quan.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Subsequently, former subordinates of Liu Biao who were unwilling to serve Cao Cao came to join Liu Bei. After the death of Zhou Yu in 210 and Liu Bei's growing influence in southern Jing Province, Sun Quan's position in the north became more untenable. Lu Su succeeded Zhou Yu as the frontline commander of Sun Quan's armies and moved the headquarters to Lukou (), yielding all commanderies of Jing Province (except Jiangxia Commandery) and access to Yi Province to Liu Bei.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Liu Bei led an expedition force of several ten thousand soldiers into Yi Province after leaving behind Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun to guard Jing Province. Liu Zhang welcomed Liu Bei, when they saw each other, both of them were friendly. Before this Zhang Song told Fa Zheng to report to Liu Bei, that with the consellor Pang Tong backing, they could ambush Liu Zhang at the meeting spot. However, Liu Bei thought that the plan was too hasty for such an important act.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Liu Bei became worried about Cao Cao seizing Hanzhong Commandery. and requested for a border treaty with Sun Quan for the Jing province with Jiangxia, Changsha and Guiyang going to Sun Quan while Nan commandery, Lingling and Wuling would go back to Liu Bei, setting the new border along the Xiang River. Liu Bei led his army back to Ba commandery and had Huang Quan sent to lead troops to meet Zhang Lu, however he already had surrendered to Cao Cao.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: In 215, Cao Cao defeated Zhang Lu at the Battle of Yangping and seized Hanzhong Commandery. Sima Yi and Liu Ye advised him to take advantage of the victory to attack Yi Province, since it was still unstable under Liu Bei's new government and Liu Bei himself was away in Jing Province. Cao Cao, who was not fond of the terrain of the region, refused and left Xiahou Yuan, Zhang He and Xu Huang to defend Hanzhong Commandery.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: In 219, after Liu Bei conquered Hanzhong Commandery, his subjects urged him to declare himself a vassal king too to challenge Cao Cao, who was enfeoffed as a vassal king ("King of Wei") by Emperor Xian in 219. Liu Bei thus declared himself "King of Hanzhong" () and set up his headquarters in Chengdu, the capital of Yi Province.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: He designated his son Liu Shan as his heir apparent. Wei Yan was put in charge of Hanzhong Commandery. Xu Jing and Fa Zheng were respectively appointed as Grand Tutor and Prefect of the Masters of Writing in Liu Bei's vassal kingdom, while Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Ma Chao and Huang Zhong were respectively appointed Generals of the Vanguard, Right, Left and Rear.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Following the rumors of Emperor Xian's death, there were many favorable omens and soon more and more officials among Liu Bei's court advocated to have him declared Emperor however Liu Bei refused.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: A few weeks before the decisive engagement between the Shu and Wu forces. There was an impressive yellow aura that manifested into the sky. Many saw this as an omen. After his defeat, Liu Bei lamented about this: "My defeat is Heaven's will!"

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Liu Bei stayed in Baidicheng until his death in spring of 223. Sun Quan heard that Liu Bei was in Baidi and sent an envoy for peace, Liu Bei accepted and had Zhong Wei (宗瑋) sent in response. When Huang Yuan (黃元) administrator of Hanjia heard that Liu Bei was ill, he rebelled because he feared that after his death, his bad relationship with Zhuge Liang would bring him problems. He was defeated by Cheng Hu (陳曶) and executed.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Mostly all of his longterm closest officials were passed on and he was shamed by his defeat. Liu Bei refused to return to his capital in Chengdu, his oncoming death was pronounced. On his deathbed, he named Zhuge Liang and Li Yan as regents to support Liu Shan and encouraged his sons to live well and do right.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Liu Bei's posthumous decree to Liu Shan was as such: When he was near death, he told his son Liu Yong to treat with his brothers the chancellor as a father and do their utmost to help him.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: His body was brought back to Chengdu and entombed at Huiling (惠陵; southern suburb of present-day Chengdu) four months later. Liu Bei was given the posthumous name Zhaolie. Liu Shan succeeded him as the emperor of Shu Han, while Zhuge Liang later solidified peace with Sun Quan and rebuilt the old Sun–Liu alliance against Cao Pi formally.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Chen Shou, once a subject of Shu and the historian who wrote Liu Bei's biography in the "Records of the Three Kingdoms" ("Sanguozhi"), appraised Liu Bei as follows:

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Chang Qu, historian and compiler of the Chronicles of Huayang in the fourth-century later used by Pei Songzhi in his annotations to the historical text "Records of the Three Kingdoms" ("Sanguozhi") also gave his appraisal of Liu Bei:

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: However, the opinions of modern historians are more negative. As Rafe de Crespigny writes in "Fire over Luoyang: A History of the Later Han Dynasty 23–220 AD":

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Rafe de Crespigny also gave a more neutral appraisal of Liu Bei in "A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms (23–220 AD)":

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" gives additional features Liu Bei's physical appearance. It mentions that Liu Bei is seven "chi" and five "cun" tall, with ears so large that they touch his shoulders and that he can even see them, long arms that extend beyond his knees, a fair and jade like face, and lips so red that it seems as though he is wearing lipstick. He wields a pair of double edged swords called "shuang gu jian" ().

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Since the Chinese government loosened its control on religious practices in recent years, the worship of Liu Bei among shoemakers has again gained popularity in Chengdu. In 2005, a large procession was carried out in front of the Sanyi Temple to commemorate Liu Bei – the first such event since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Notable actors who have portrayed Liu Bei in films and television series include: Sun Yanjun in "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" (1994); Chang Fu-chien in "Guan Gong" (1996); Elliot Ngok in "" (2008); You Yong in "Red Cliff" (2008–09); Yu Hewei in "Three Kingdoms" (2010); Alex Fong in "The Lost Bladesman" (2011); Yan Yikuan in "God of War, Zhao Yun" (2016); Tony Yang in "Dynasty Warriors" (2019).

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: In the collectible card game "" there is a card named "Liu Bei, Lord of Shu" in the "Portal Three Kingdoms" set. In the selection of hero cards in the Chinese card game "San Guo Sha", there is also a "Liu Bei" card that players can select at the beginning of the game.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Liu Bei is featured as a playable character in all instalments of Koei's video game series "Dynasty Warriors", as well as "Warriors Orochi", a crossover between "Dynasty Warriors" and "Samurai Warriors". He also appears in other Koei video game series such as the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" series and "Kessen II".

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Liu Bei is the protagonist in "Destiny of an Emperor", a RPG on the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES). Released in the United States by Capcom in 1989, the game also loosely follows the plot of the novel "Romance of the Three Kingdoms".

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Liu Bei's armour (based on the designs appearing in the "Dynasty Warriors" series) is available in the MMORPG "MapleStory". Also featured are Cao Cao, Guan Yu, Zhuge Liang, Sun Quan, and Diaochan's designs.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Liu Bei is featured in the sequel to Level-5's game and anime "Inazuma Eleven GO", Chrono Stone, as well as Cao Cao, Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: Liu Bei is featured as a "monster" in "Puzzle & Dragons" as part of the Three Kingdoms God Series, along with the Two Qiaos, Cao Cao, Lü Bu, Guan Yu, and many others.

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Liu Bei

Context: He is also featured as one of the available warlords that the player can choose from in Creative Assembly's game "".

Question: 유비 연호는 무엇인가요?


Middle East

Context: Other concepts of the region exist including the broader the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), which includes states of the Maghreb and Sudan, or the "Greater Middle East" which additionally also includes parts of East Africa, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and sometimes the South Caucasus and Central Asia.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: Mahan's article was reprinted in "The Times" and followed in October by a 20-article series entitled "The Middle Eastern Question," written by Sir Ignatius Valentine Chirol. During this series, Sir Ignatius expanded the definition of "Middle East" to include "those regions of Asia which extend to the borders of India or command the approaches to India." After the series ended in 1903, "The Times" removed quotation marks from subsequent uses of the term.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: While non-Eurocentric terms such "Southwest Asia" or "Swasia" has been sparsedly used, the inclusion of an African country, Egypt, in the definition questions the usefulness of using such terms.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: The description "Middle" has also led to some confusion over changing definitions. Before the First World War, "Near East" was used in English to refer to the Balkans and the Ottoman Empire, while "Middle East" referred to the Caucasus, Persia, and Arabian lands, and sometimes Afghanistan, India and others. In contrast, "Far East" referred to the countries of East Asia (e.g. China, Japan and Korea).

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: With the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in 1918, "Near East" largely fell out of common use in English, while "Middle East" came to be applied to the re-emerging countries of the Islamic world. However, the usage "Near East" was retained by a variety of academic disciplines, including archaeology and ancient history, where it describes an area identical to the term "Middle East", which is not used by these disciplines (see Ancient Near East).

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: The term "Middle East" has also been criticised by journalist Louay Khraish and historian Hassan Hanafi for being a Eurocentric and colonialist term.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: The Associated Press Stylebook says that Near East formerly referred to the farther west countries while Middle East referred to the eastern ones, but that now they are synonymous. It instructs:

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: Use "Middle East" unless "Near East" is used by a source in a story. "Mideast" is also acceptable, but "Middle East" is preferred.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: Traditionally included within the Middle East are Iran (Persia), Asia Minor, Mesopotamia, the Levant, the Arabian Peninsula, and Egypt. In modern-day-country terms they are these:

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: Various concepts are often being paralleled to Middle East, most notably Near East, Fertile Crescent and the Levant. Near East, Levant and Fertile Crescent are geographic concepts, which refer to large sections of the modern defined Middle East, with Near East being the closest to Middle East in its geographic meaning. Due to it primarily being Arabic speaking, the Maghreb region of North Africa is sometimes included.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: The countries of the South Caucasus—Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia—are occasionally included in definitions of the Middle East.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: The Greater Middle East was a political term coined by the second Bush administration in the first decade of the 21st century, to denote various countries, pertaining to the Muslim world, specifically Iran, Turkey, Afghanistan and Pakistan. Various Central Asian countries are sometimes also included.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: Prior to the formation of civilizations, advanced cultures formed all over the Middle East during the Stone Age. The search for agricultural lands by agriculturalists, and pastoral lands by herdsmen meant different migrations took place within the region and shaped its ethnic and demographic makeup.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: From the 16th century onward, the Middle East came to be dominated, once again, by two main powers: the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid dynasty.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: In the 20th century, the region's significant stocks of crude oil gave it new strategic and economic importance. Mass production of oil began around 1945, with Saudi Arabia, Iran, Kuwait, Iraq, and the United Arab Emirates having large quantities of oil. Estimated oil reserves, especially in Saudi Arabia and Iran, are some of the highest in the world, and the international oil cartel OPEC is dominated by Middle Eastern countries.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: Non-Arab Middle Eastern countries such as Turkey, Israel and Iran are also subject to important migration dynamics.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: The six top languages, in terms of numbers of speakers, are Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Kurdish, Hebrew and Greek. Arabic and Hebrew represent the Afro-Asiatic language family. Persian, Kurdish and Greek belong to the Indo-European language family. Turkish belongs to Turkic language family. About 20 minority languages are also spoken in the Middle East.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: Persian is the second most spoken language. While it is primarily spoken in Iran and some border areas in neighbouring countries, the country is one of the region's largest and most populous. It belongs to the Indo-Iranian branch of the family of Indo-European languages. Other Western Iranic languages spoken in the region include Achomi, Daylami, Kurdish dialects, Semmani, Lurish, amongst many others.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: The third-most widely spoken language, Turkish, is largely confined to Turkey, which is also one of the region's largest and most populous countries, but it is present in areas in neighboring countries. It is a member of the Turkic languages, which have their origins in Central Asia. Another Turkic language, Azerbaijani, is spoken by Azerbaijanis in Iran.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: Hebrew is one of the two official languages of Israel, the other being Arabic. Hebrew is spoken and used by over 80% of Israel's population, the other 20% using Arabic.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: French is taught and used in many government facilities and media in Lebanon, and is taught in some primary and secondary schools of Egypt and Syria. Maltese, a Semitic language mainly spoken in Europe, is also used by the Franco-Maltese diaspora in Egypt. Also, due to widespread immigration of French Jews to Israel, it is the native language of approximately 200,000 Jews of Israel.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: Russian is spoken by a large portion of the Israeli population, because of emigration in the late 1990s. Russian today is a popular unofficial language in use in Israel; news, radio and sign boards can be found in Russian around the country after Hebrew and Arabic. Circassian is also spoken by the diaspora in the region and by almost all Circassians in Israel who speak Hebrew and English as well.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: The largest Romanian-speaking community in the Middle East is found in Israel, where Romanian is spoken by 5% of the population.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: Bengali, Hindi and Urdu are widely spoken by migrant communities in many Middle Eastern countries, such as Saudi Arabia (where 20–25% of the population is South Asian), the United Arab Emirates (where 50–55% of the population is South Asian), and Qatar, which have large numbers of Pakistani, Bangladeshi and Indian immigrants.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: Middle Eastern economies range from being very poor (such as Gaza and Yemen) to extremely wealthy nations (such as Qatar and UAE). Overall, , according to the CIA World Factbook, all nations in the Middle East are maintaining a positive rate of growth.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: With the exception of Cyprus, Turkey, Egypt, Lebanon and Israel, tourism has been a relatively undeveloped area of the economy, in part because of the socially conservative nature of the region as well as political turmoil in certain regions of the Middle East. In recent years, however, countries such as the UAE, Bahrain, and Jordan have begun attracting greater numbers of tourists because of improving tourist facilities and the relaxing of tourism-related restrictive policies.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Middle East

Context: Unemployment is notably high in the Middle East and North Africa region, particularly among young people aged 15–29, a demographic representing 30% of the region's total population. The total regional unemployment rate in 2005, according to the International Labour Organization, was 13.2%, and among youth is as high as 25%, up to 37% in Morocco and 73% in Syria.

Question: 중동에서 사람들은 어떤 언어를 말하는가?


Financial Supervisory Service (South Korea)

Context: The Financial Supervisory Service (FSS) is South Korea's integrated financial regulator that examines and supervises financial institutions under the broad oversight of the Financial Services Commission (FSC), the government regulatory authority staffed by civil servants.

Question: 대한민국 금융위원회 설립일은 언젠가요?


Context: The integrated supervisory agency also facilitated a systematic application and supervision of programs introduced in the aftermath of the crisis, such as forward-looking criteria (FLC), a system of financial holding companies, and the retirement pension plan. In enforcing prudent regulations such as prompt corrective action, business management evaluation, and capital adequacy ratio, it was also able to coordinate and maintain equity across financial sectors.

Question: 대한민국 금융위원회 설립일은 언젠가요?


Context: The purpose of the Financial Supervisory Service is to contribute to the growth of the national economy by 1) promoting the advancement of the financial industry and the stability of financial markets; 2) establishing sound credit order and fair financial transaction practices; and 3) protecting financial consumers, such as depositors. (Article 1, Act on the Establishment, etc. of Financial Services Commission)

Question: 대한민국 금융위원회 설립일은 언젠가요?


Context: Its current governor Kwon Hyouk-Se was named to his position in March 2011 after a career of nearly three decades in finance-related positions in the government, including with the Ministry of Finance and Economy(Mofe, predecessor to the Ministry of Strategy and Finance, and the Financial Services Commission.

Question: 대한민국 금융위원회 설립일은 언젠가요?


Context: The FSS headquarters in Seoul has 38 departments, and 13 offices. Regional offices are in operation in Busan, Daegu, Gwangju, and Daejeon, and representative offices in Jeonju, Chuncheon, Chungju, and Jeju. The FSS is also present in New York, London, Tokyo, and Beijing, and has residing staff in Washington D.C., Frankfurt and Hong Kong.

Question: 대한민국 금융위원회 설립일은 언젠가요?


Context: The FSS established Financial Consumer Protection Agency directly reporting to and under the supervision of the Governor on May 15, 2012, independent of supervision and examination divisions.

Question: 대한민국 금융위원회 설립일은 언젠가요?


Context: FSS acts as the executive supervisor for the FSC and principally carries out examination of financial institutions along with enforcement and other oversight activities as directed or charged by the FSC.

Question: 대한민국 금융위원회 설립일은 언젠가요?


Context: Following the September 2009 signing of the memorandum of understanding (MOU) on information sharing and joint examination among the FSS, the Bank of Korea, the Ministry of Strategy and Finance, the FSC, and the Korea Deposit Insurance Corporation, the FSS and the Bank of Korea agreed to widen the range of information shared between the entities and increase cooperation to promptly execute joint examinations for emergency cases.

Question: 대한민국 금융위원회 설립일은 언젠가요?


Context: The Korea Deposit Insurance Corporation may, when deemed necessary for its operation, request the FSS to perform an examination of insured financial companies or ask that its staff jointly participate in an FSS-led examination. Based on the aforementioned MOU, the Korea Deposit Insurance Corporation and FSS share the financial information of financial companies with each other.

Question: 대한민국 금융위원회 설립일은 언젠가요?


Context: The FSC supervises the Korea Asset Management Corporation (KAMCO), gives directives in relation to its supervision, and receives reports from the corporation on its operations, accounting, and assets. Under instruction of the FSC, the Governor of the FSS may examine the operations, accounting, and assets of KAMCO.

Question: 대한민국 금융위원회 설립일은 언젠가요?


Context: In October 2008, the FSS set up the Foreign Debt Service Guarantee Task Force, thereby working to quickly recover the finance sector's intermediary role by improving banks’ liquidity ratio and helping to ease the domestic and foreign liquidity crunch faced by local companies. To prevent bad loans from accumulating, the FSS urged banks to maintain a Bank for International Settlements (BIS) ratio of 12% or higher and a Tier 1 capital ratio of 9% or higher as of end of 2008.

Question: 대한민국 금융위원회 설립일은 언젠가요?


Context: The financial crisis was also an opportunity to crack down on unsound business practices that contributed to increased volatility in the foreign currency and stock markets. To ward off unwarranted concerns that served to undermine market confidence, the FSS regularly organized conference calls and issue briefings for domestic and international institutional investors and analysts, as well as briefings for the foreign press.

Question: 대한민국 금융위원회 설립일은 언젠가요?


Context: The FSS is geared to emphasize on-site supervision and examinations in its commitment to establishing itself as financial regulator that markets and consumers trust.

Question: 대한민국 금융위원회 설립일은 언젠가요?


Context: In its efforts to better brace for worsening global and domestic conditions including euro-zone debt crisis, the FSS will strengthen foreign currency liquidity management and encourage financial companies to have more ability to absorb losses by setting aside more loan loss provisions.

Question: 대한민국 금융위원회 설립일은 언젠가요?


Context: The FSS will earthen unreasonable practices embedded across the financial sector to correct them, and conduct more mystery shopping for five financial instruments that frequently incur losses to consumers.

Question: 대한민국 금융위원회 설립일은 언젠가요?


Context: The FSS will intensify crackdown on illegal financial acts against low-income people and help reduce financial difficulties of SMEs by creating a level playing field between large companies and SMEs.

Question: 대한민국 금융위원회 설립일은 언젠가요?


Context: Financial companies will be encouraged to bring their corporate governance in line with global standards and place a high premium on corporate social responsibility. The FSS will help attract global financial companies to domestic market and give support to domestic companies making inroads into global markets.

Question: 대한민국 금융위원회 설립일은 언젠가요?


Context: The FSS will press ahead with a comprehensive overhaul of the supervisory framework and better communication with consumers to restore confidence.

Question: 대한민국 금융위원회 설립일은 언젠가요?


Yamato period

Context: The is the period of Japanese history when the Imperial court ruled from modern-day Nara Prefecture, then known as Yamato Province.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: At the era of Prince Shōtoku in the early 7th century, a new constitution was prescribed for Japan based on the Chinese model. After the fall of Baekje (660 AD), the Yamato government sent envoys directly to the Chinese court, from which they obtained a great wealth of philosophical and social structure. In addition to ethics and government, they also adopted the Chinese calendar and many of its religious practices, including Confucianism and Taoism (Japanese: Onmyo).

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: The rice-growing, politically fragmented Yayoi culture either evolved into the new Japanese culture characterized by the more centralized, patriarchal, militaristic Kofun period or came to be dominated and eventually overrun by Yamato society.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: By this time, Japonic had also spread to the Ryukyu Islands such as Okinawa. The Ryukyuan languages and Japanese most likely diverged during this period.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: The is an era in the history of Japan from around 250 to 538. The word "kofun" is Japanese for the type of burial mounds dating from this era.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: Archaeological records and ancient Chinese sources Book of Song indicate that the various tribes and chiefdom of the Japanese Archipelago did not begin to coalesce into more centralized and hierarchical polities until 300 (well into the Kofun period), when large tombs begin to appear while there were no contacts between the Wa and China. Some describe the "mysterious century" as a time of internecine warfare as various local monarchies competed for hegemony on Kyūshū and Honshū.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: Japan of the Kofun age was positive in the introduction of Chinese culture. Several kinds of goods were imported. Books from China were one of the most important trade goods. Chinese philosophy that had been introduced in this era, had a big influence on the history of Japan. Decorated bronze mirrors (Shinju-kyo) were imported from China. Japan imported iron from Korean peninsula until the latter half of the 6th century.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: In this period, Baekje received military support from Japan. According to the Samguk Sagi, King Asin of Baekje sent his son Jeonji to Japan in 397 and King Silseong of Silla sent his son Misaheun to Japan in 402 in order to solicit military aid.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: "Kofun" (古墳, "old tomb") are burial mounds which were built for the people of the ruling class during the 3rd to 7th centuries. The Kofun period takes its name from these distinctive earthen mounds which are associated with the rich funerary rituals of the time. The mounds contained large stone burial chambers. Some are surrounded by moats.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: Kofun came in many shapes, with round and square being the simplest. A distinct style is the keyhole kofun ( "zenpō kōen fun"), with its square front and round back. Many kofuns were natural hills, which might have been sculpted to their final shape. Kofun range in size from several meters to over 400 meters in length.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: By the late Kofun period, the distinctive burial chambers, originally used by the ruling elite, were also built for commoners.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: The biggest kofun are believed to be the tombs of emperors like Emperor Ōjin (応神天皇 "Ōjin Tennō") and Emperor Nintoku (仁徳天皇 "Nintoku Tennō"). Kofun are also classified according to whether the entrance to the stone burial chamber is vertical (縦穴 "tate-ana") or horizontal (横穴 "yoko-ana").

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: Japan of the Kofun period was very receptive to influence from China. Chinese and Korean immigrants played an important role in introducing elements of Chinese culture to early Japan.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: Yamato links to the mainland and the Liu Song Dynasty in 425 and 478 were facilitated by the maritime knowledge and diplomatic connections of China and the Three Kingdoms of the Korean peninsula, especially Baekje.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: Many important figures were immigrants from East Asia. Yamato Imperial Court officially edited the "Shinsen Shōjiroku" in 815 as a directory of aristocrats which lists 1182 names of clans which were in Kinai area, it lists a number of clans from the Han China, Silla, Baekje and Goguryeo. According to the directory, 174 clans have roots in China, 120 clans have roots in Baekje, 48 clans have roots in Goguryeo, 17 clans have roots in Silla, then 9 clans have roots in Gaya of the Korean peninsula.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: The Kofun period was a critical stage in Japan's evolution toward a more cohesive and recognized state. This society was most developed in the Kansai Region and the easternmost part of the Inland Sea. Japan's rulers of the time even petitioned the Chinese court for confirmation of royal titles.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: The Yamato state evolved much during the Asuka period, which is named after the Asuka region, south of modern Nara, the site of numerous temporary imperial capitals established during the period. The Asuka period is known for its significant artistic, social, and political transformations, which had their origins in the late Kofun period.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: Artistically, the term Tori Style is often used for the Asuka period. This is from the sculptor Kuratsukuri Tori, grandson of Chinese immigrant Shiba Tatto. Tori Style inherits Chinese Northern Wei style.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: The arts during the Asuka and Nara periods are similar to contemporaneous art in China and Korea. One example of this is Tori Busshi's Shaka triad which reflects the style of early to mid-sixth-century Chinese style.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: According to "Nihon Shoki", was officially introduced to the Yamato court through Baekje in 552, while it is widely recognized Buddhism was introduced in 538 based on the biography of Prince Shōtoku ("Jōgū Shōtoku Hōō Teisetsu") and the record of Gangō-ji ("Gangōji Garan Engi").

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: Initial uptake of Buddhism was slow. "Nihon Shoki" records that when Emperor Kinmei discussed about the acceptance of this new foreign religion, Soga no Iname expressed his support while Mononobe no Okoshi and Nakatomi no Kamako (later the Fujiwara clan) opposed not on religious grounds, but more so as the results of feelings of nationalism and a degree of xenophobia.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: With the dawn of the Asuka period, the use of elaborate kofun tombs by the imperial family and other elite fell out of use because of prevailing new Buddhist beliefs, which put greater emphasis on the transience of human life. Commoners and the elite in outlying regions, however, continued to use kofun until the late seventh century, and simpler but distinctive tombs continued in use throughout the following period.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?


Yamato period

Context: Buddhism only started to spread after Mononobe no Moriya lost in the Battle of Shigisan in 587 where the Mononobe clan was defeated and crushed, and Empress Suiko openly encouraged the acceptance of Buddhism among all Japanese people. In 607, in order to obtain copies of Sutras, an imperial embassy was dispatched to Sui Dynasty China.

Question: 일본의 야마토 정권은 언제 끝났는가?