Languages of China

Context: Because many languages exist in China, they also have problems regarding diglossia. Recently, in terms of Fishman's typology of the relationships between bilingualism and diglossia and his taxonomy of diglossia (Fishman 1978, 1980) in China: more and more minority communities have been evolving from "diglossia without bilingualism" to "bilingualism without diglossia." This could be an implication of mainland China's power expanding.

Question: 중국에는 몇가지의 언어가 존재하는가?


Languages of China

Context: In 2010, Tibetan students protested against changes in the Language Policy on the schools that promoted the use of Mandarin Chinese instead of Tibetan. They argued that the measure would erode their culture. In 2013, China's Education Ministry said that about 400 million people were unable to speak the national language Mandarin. In that year, the government pushed linguistic unity in China, focusing on the countryside and areas with ethnic minorities.

Question: 중국에는 몇가지의 언어가 존재하는가?


Languages of China

Context: English has been the most widely-taught foreign language in China, as it is a required subject for students attending university. Other languages that have gained some degree of prevalence or interest are Japanese, Korean, Spanish, Portuguese, and Russian. During the 1950s and 1960s, Russian had some social status among elites in mainland China as the international language of socialism.

Question: 중국에는 몇가지의 언어가 존재하는가?


Languages of China

Context: In the late 1960s, English replaced the position of Russian to become the most studied foreign language in China. After the Reform and Opening-up policy in 1988, English was taught in public schools starting in the third year of primary school.

Question: 중국에는 몇가지의 언어가 존재하는가?


Languages of China

Context: Russian, French, and German language classes have been made widely available in universities and colleges. In Northeast China, there are many bilingual schools (Mandarin-Japanese; Mandarin-Korean; Mandarin-Russian), in these schools, students learn languages other than English.

Question: 중국에는 몇가지의 언어가 존재하는가?


Languages of China

Context: "The Economist" reported in 2006 that up to one fifth of the population was learning English. Gordon Brown, the former British prime minister, estimated that the total English-speaking population in China would outnumber the native speakers in the rest of the world in two decades.

Question: 중국에는 몇가지의 언어가 존재하는가?


Languages of China

Context: There have been a growing number of students studying Arabic, due to reasons of cultural interest and belief in better job opportunities. The language is also widely studied amongst the Hui people. In the past, literary Arabic education was promoted in Islamic schools by the Kuomintang when it ruled mainland China.

Question: 중국에는 몇가지의 언어가 존재하는가?


Languages of China

Context: There have also been a growing number of students choosing to learn Urdu, due to interest in Pakistani culture, close ties between the respective nations, and job opportunities provided by the CPEC.

Question: 중국에는 몇가지의 언어가 존재하는가?


Languages of China

Context: Interest in Portuguese and Spanish have increased greatly, due in part to Chinese investment in Latin America as well as in African nations such as Angola, Mozambique, and Cape Verde. Portuguese is also one of the official languages in Macau, although its use had stagnated since the nation's transfer from Portugal to the PRC. It was estimated in 2016 that 2.3% of Macau's locals spoke the language, although with government backing since then, interest in it has increased.

Question: 중국에는 몇가지의 언어가 존재하는가?


Languages of China

Context: In China, English is used as a lingua franca in several fields, especially for business settings, and in schools to teach Standard Mandarin to people who are not Chinese citizens. English is also one of the official languages in Hong Kong.

Question: 중국에는 몇가지의 언어가 존재하는가?


Ionization

Context: Everyday examples of gas ionization are such as within a fluorescent lamp or other electrical discharge lamps. It is also used in radiation detectors such as the Geiger-Müller counter or the ionization chamber. The ionization process is widely used in a variety of equipment in fundamental science (e.g., mass spectrometry) and in industry (e.g., radiation therapy).

Question: 이온화의 정의는 무엇인가?


Ionization

Context: Negatively charged ions are produced when a free electron collides with an atom and is subsequently trapped inside the electric potential barrier, releasing any excess energy. The process is known as electron capture ionization.

Question: 이온화의 정의는 무엇인가?


Ionization

Context: Adiabatic ionization is a form of ionization in which an electron is removed from or added to an atom or molecule in its lowest energy state to form an ion in its lowest energy state.

Question: 이온화의 정의는 무엇인가?


Ionization

Context: Ionization efficiency is the ratio of the number of ions formed to the number of electrons or photons used.

Question: 이온화의 정의는 무엇인가?


Ionization

Context: Classical physics and the Bohr model of the atom can qualitatively explain photoionization and collision-mediated ionization. In these cases, during the ionization process, the energy of the electron exceeds the energy difference of the potential barrier it is trying to pass. The semi-classical description, however, cannot describe tunnel ionization since the process involves the passage of electron through a classically forbidden potential barrier.

Question: 이온화의 정의는 무엇인가?


Ionization

Context: The rate of MPI on atom with an ionization potential formula_1 in a linearly polarized laser with frequency formula_2 is given by

Question: 이온화의 정의는 무엇인가?


Ionization

Context: will be the even function of formula_15 and therefore having the maximum at formula_16 while for that initial condition the solution will be formula_17 in the K-H and it will be therefore identical to the free electron solution in the laboratory frame. The electron velocity on the other hand is phase shifted both to the field strength and to the electron position:

Question: 이온화의 정의는 무엇인가?


Ionization

Context: Therefore, considering the wavelet pulses and defining the ionization as the full escape from the line segment of the length 2r (or from the spherical region in three dimensions) the full ionization happens in the classical model after the time formula_19 or no ionization at all depending if the harmonic field wavelet is cut at the zero minimum or the maximum velocity.

Question: 이온화의 정의는 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The territory covers . It is the fourth largest island country in the world and the largest island country in East Asia. The country has the 6th longest coastline at and the 8th largest Exclusive Economic Zone of in the world.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The climate varies from humid continental in the north to humid subtropical and tropical rainforest in the south. These differences in climate and landscape have allowed the development of a diverse flora and fauna, with some rare endemic species, especially in the Ogasawara Islands.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Japan extends from 20° to 45° north latitude (Okinotorishima to Benten-jima) and from 122° to 153° east longitude (Yonaguni to Minami Torishima). Japan is surrounded by seas. To the north the Sea of Okhotsk separates it from the Russian Far East, to the west the Sea of Japan separates it from the Korean Peninsula, to the southwest the East China Sea separates the Ryukyu Islands from China and Taiwan, to the east is the Pacific Ocean.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Because of Japan's many far-flung outlying islands and long coastline, the country has extensive marine life and mineral resources in the ocean. The Exclusive Economic Zone of Japan covers and is the 8th largest in the world. It is more than 11 times the land area of the country. The Exclusive Economic Zone stretches from the baseline out to from its coast. Its territorial sea is , but between in the international straits—La Pérouse (or Sōya Strait), Tsugaru Strait, Ōsumi, and Tsushima Strait.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Japan is informally divided into eight regions from northeast (Hokkaidō) to southwest (Ryukyu Islands):

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: About 73% of Japan is mountainous, with a mountain range running through each of the main islands. Japan's highest mountain is Mount Fuji, with an elevation of . Japan's forest cover rate is 68.55% since the mountains are heavily forested. The only other developed nations with such a high forest cover percentage are Finland and Sweden.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Since there is little level ground, many hills and mountainsides at lower elevations around towns and cities are often cultivated. As Japan is situated in a volcanic zone along the Pacific deeps, frequent low-intensity earth tremors and occasional volcanic activity are felt throughout the islands. Destructive earthquakes occur several times a century. Hot springs are numerous and have been exploited by the leisure industry.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The Geospatial Information Authority of Japan measures Japan's territory annually in order to continuously grasp the state of the national land. As of July 1, 2021, Japan's territory is . It increases in area due to volcanic eruptions such as Nishinoshima (西之島), the natural expansion of the islands, and land reclamation.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Throughout history, Japan was never fully invaded nor colonized by other countries. The Mongols tried to invade Japan twice and failed in 1274 and 1281. Japan capitulated only once after nuclear attacks in World War II. At the time Japan did not have nuclear technology. The insular geography is a major factor for the isolationist, semi-open and expansionist periods of Japanese history.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The mountainous islands of the Japanese archipelago form a crescent off the eastern coast of Asia. They are separated from the continent by the Sea of Japan, which serves as a protective barrier. Japan has 108 active volcanoes (10% of the world's active volcanoes) because of active plate tectonics in the Ring of Fire.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Another important plain is the Sendai Plain around the city of Sendai in northeastern Honshū. Many of these plains are along the coast, and their areas have been increased by land reclamation throughout recorded history.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Rivers are generally steep and swift, and few are suitable for navigation except in their lower reaches. Although most rivers are less than in length, their rapid flow from the mountains is what provides hydroelectric power. Seasonal variations in flow have led to extensive development of flood control measures. The longest, the Shinano River, which winds through Nagano Prefecture to Niigata Prefecture and flows into the Sea of Japan, is long.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Extensive coastal shipping, especially around the Seto Inland Sea, compensates for the lack of navigable rivers. The Pacific coastline south of Tokyo is characterized by long, narrow, gradually shallowing inlets produced by sedimentation, which has created many natural harbors. The Pacific coastline north of Tokyo, the coast of Hokkaidō, and the Sea of Japan coast are generally unindented, with few natural harbors.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: A recent global remote sensing analysis suggested that there were 765 km² of tidal flats in Japan, making it the 35th ranked country in terms of tidal flat extent.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The Japanese archipelago has been transformed by humans into a sort of continuous land, in which the four main islands are entirely reachable and passable by rail and road transportation thanks to the construction of huge bridges and tunnels that connect each other and various islands.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: There are large quantities of marine life and mineral resources in the ocean and seabed of Japan. At a depth of over there are minerals such as manganese nodules, cobalt in the crust and hydrothermal deposits.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The Japanese archipelago is the result of subducting tectonic plates over several 100 millions of years from the mid-Silurian (443.8 Mya) to the Pleistocene (11,700 years ago). Approximately of oceanic floor has passed under the Japanese archipelago in the last 450 million years, with most being fully subducted. It is considered a mature island arc.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The Japan Median Tectonic Line (MTL) is Japan's longest fault system. The MTL begins near Ibaraki Prefecture, where it connects with the Itoigawa-Shizuoka Tectonic Line (ISTL) and the Fossa Magna. It runs parallel to Japan's volcanic arc, passing through central Honshū to near Nagoya, through Mikawa Bay, then through the Seto Inland Sea from the Kii Channel and Naruto Strait to Shikoku along the Sadamisaki Peninsula and the Bungo Channel and Hōyo Strait to Kyūshū.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The MTL moves right-lateral strike-slip, at about 5–10 millimeters per year. The sense of motion is consistent with the direction of the Nankai Trough's oblique convergence. The rate of motion on the MTL is much less than the rate of convergence at the plate boundary. This makes it difficult to distinguish the motion on the MTL from interseismic elastic straining in GPS data.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The Japanese islands are formed of the mentioned geological units parallel to the subduction front. The parts of islands facing the Pacific Plate are typically younger and display a larger proportion of volcanic products, while island parts facing the Sea of Japan are mostly heavily faulted and folded sedimentary deposits. In northwest Japan are thick quaternary deposits. This makes determination of the geological history and composition difficult and it is not yet fully understood.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The Japanese island arc system has distributed volcanic series where the volcanic rocks change from tholeiite—calc-alkaline—alkaline with increasing distance from the trench. The geologic province of Japan is mostly basin and a bit extended crust.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The Japanese archipelago grows gradually because of perpetual tectonic plate movements, earthquakes, stratovolcanoes and land reclamation in the Ring of Fire.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: During the 2013 eruption southeast of Nishinoshima, a new unnamed volcanic island emerged from the sea. Erosion and shifting sands caused the new island to merge with Nishinoshima. A 1911 survey determined the caldera was at its deepest.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: During the Pleistocene (2.58 million years BCE) glacial cycles, the Japanese islands may have occasionally been connected to the Eurasian Continent via the Korea Strait and the Korean Peninsula or Sakhalin. The Sea of Japan was considered to be a frozen inner lake because of the lack of the warm Tsushima Current. Various plants and large animals, such as the "Palaeoloxodon naumanni" migrated into the Japanese archipelago.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The northern part of the Japanese archipelago was further fragmented until orogenesis of the northeastern Japanese archipelago began in the Late Miocene. The orogenesis of the high mountain ranges in northeastern Japan started in the Late Miocene and lasted in the Pliocene. The south part of the Japanese archipelago remained as a relatively large landmass. The land area expanded northward during the Miocene.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The Sea of Japan has a surface area of , a mean depth of and a maximum depth of . It has a carrot-like shape, with the major axis extending from southwest to northeast and a wide southern part narrowing toward the north. The coastal length is about with the largest part () belonging to Russia. The sea extends from north to south for more than and has a maximum width of about .

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The geographical location of the Japanese archipelago has defined the Sea of Japan for millions of years. Without the Japanese archipelago it would just be the Pacific Ocean. The term has been the international standard since at least the early 19th century. The International Hydrographic Organization, the international governing body for the naming bodies of water around the world, in 2012 recognized the term "Sea of Japan" as the only title for the sea.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: It is estimated that there are approximately 40 trillion cubic feet of methane clathrate in the eastern Nankai Trough of Japan. As of 2019, the methane clathrate in the deep sea remains unexploited, because the necessary technology is not established yet. This is why currently Japan has very limited proven reserves like crude oil.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The Kantō region alone is estimated to have over 400 billion cubic meters of natural gas reserves. It forms a Minami Kantō gas field in the area spanning Saitama, Tokyo, Kanagawa, Ibaraki, and Chiba prefectures. However, mining is strictly regulated in many areas because it is directly below Tokyo, and is only slightly mined in the Bōsō Peninsula. In Tokyo and Chiba Prefecture, there have been frequent accidents with natural gas that was released naturally from the Minami Kantō gas field.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: In 2018, south of Minami-Tori-shima at deep, approximately 16 million tons of rare-earth minerals were discovered by JAMSTEC in collaboration with Waseda University and the University of Tokyo.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Reforms of the electricity and gas sectors, including full liberalization of Japan's energy market in April 2016 and gas market in April 2017, constitute an important part of Prime Minister Abe's economic program.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Japan has the third largest geothermal reserves in the world. Geothermal energy is being heavily focused on as a source of power following the Fukushima disaster. The Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry is exploring over 40 locations for potential geothermal energy plants.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: On 3 July 2018, Japan's government pledged to increase renewable energy sources from 15% to 22–24% including wind and solar by 2030. Nuclear energy will provide 20% of the country's energy needs as an emissions-free energy source. This will help Japan meet climate change commitments.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Japan has 34 and 56 in 2019. These are designated and managed for protection and sustainable usage by the Ministry of the Environment under the of 1957. The Quasi-National Parks have slightly less beauty, size, diversity, or preservation. They are recommended for ministerial designation and managed by the prefectures under the supervision of the Ministry of the Environment.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The Places of Scenic Beauty and Natural Monuments are selected by the government via the Agency for Cultural Affairs in order to protect Japan's cultural heritage. As of 2017, there are 1,027 and 410 . The highest classification are 75 and 36 .

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Japan is generally a rainy country with high humidity. Because of its wide range of latitude, seasonal winds and different types of ocean currents, Japan has a variety of climates, with a latitude range of the inhabited islands from 24°N – 46°N, which is comparable to the range between Nova Scotia and The Bahamas in the east coast of North America. Tokyo is between 35°N – 36°N, which is comparable to that of Tehran, Athens, or Las Vegas.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Maximum precipitation, like the rest of East Asia, occurs in the summer months except on the Sea of Japan coast where strong northerly winds produce a maximum in late autumn and early winter. Except for a few sheltered inland valleys during December and January, precipitation in Japan is above of rainfall equivalent in all months of the year, and in the wettest coastal areas it is above per month throughout the year.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: In winter, the Siberian High develops over the Eurasian land mass and the Aleutian Low develops over the northern Pacific Ocean. The result is a flow of cold air southeastward across Japan that brings freezing temperatures and heavy snowfalls to the central mountain ranges facing the Sea of Japan, but clear skies to areas fronting on the Pacific.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The warmest winter temperatures are found in the Nanpō and Bonin Islands, which enjoy a tropical climate due to the combination of latitude, distance from the Asian continent, and warming effect of winds from the Kuroshio, as well as the Volcano Islands (at the latitude of the southernmost of the Ryukyu Islands, 24° N). The coolest summer temperatures are found on the northeastern coast of Hokkaidō in Kushiro and Nemuro Subprefectures.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The highest recorded temperature in Japan was 41.1 °C (106.0 °F) on 23 July 2018, an unverified record of 42.7 °C was taken in Adachi, Tokyo on 20 July 2004. The lowest was −41.0 °C (−41.8 °F) in Asahikawa on 25 January 1902. However an unofficial −41.5 °C was taken in Bifuka on 27 January 1931. Mount Fuji broke the Japanese record lows for each month except January, February, March, and December. Record lows for any month were taken as recent as 1984.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Minami-Tori-shima has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen climate classification "Aw") and the highest average temperature in Japan of 25 degrees Celsius.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Japan has a population of 126.3 million in 2019. It is the eleventh most populous country and second most populous island country in the world. The population is clustered in urban areas on the coast, plains and valleys. In 2010, 90.7% of the total Japanese population lived in cities. Japan is an urban society with about only 5% of the labor force working in agriculture. About 80 million of the urban population is heavily concentrated on the Pacific coast of Honshu.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: is the largest island of Japan and the second most populous island in the world. It has a population of 104,000,000 with a population density of (2010). Honshu is roughly long and ranges from wide, and the total area is . It is the 7th largest island in the world. This makes it slightly larger than the island of Great Britain .

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The Greater Tokyo Area on Honshu is the largest metropolitan area (megacity) in the world with people (2016). The area is and has a population density of 2,642 persons/km2.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: is the third largest island of Japan of the five main islands. , Kyushu has a population of 12,970,479 and covers . It has the second highest population density of 307.13 persons/km2 (2016).

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: is the second smallest of the five main islands (after Okinawa island), . It is located south of Honshu and northeast of Kyushu. It has the second smallest population of 3,845,534 million (2015) and the third highest population density of 204.55 persons/km2.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: is the southernmost prefecture of Japan. It encompasses two thirds of the Ryukyu Islands over long. It has a population of 1,445,812 (2017) and a density of 662 persons/km2. is the smallest and most southwestern of the five main islands, . It has the smallest population of 1,301,462 (2014) and the highest population density of 1083.6 persons/km2.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: are the groups of islands that are located to the south and east of the main islands of the Japanese archipelago. They extend from the Izu Peninsula west of Tokyo Bay southward for about , to within of the Mariana Islands. The Nanpō Islands are all administered by Tokyo Metropolis.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The Taiheiyō Belt is a megalopolis that includes the Greater Tokyo Area and Keihanshin megapoles. It is almost long from Ibaraki Prefecture in the northeast to Fukuoka Prefecture in the southwest. Satellite images at night show a dense and continuous strip of light (demarcating urban zones) that delineates the region with overlapping metropolitan areas in Japan. It has a total population of approximately 81,859,345 (2016).

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: There are plans to build underwater habitats in Japan's Exclusive Economic Zone. Currently no underwater city is constructed yet. For example, the Ocean Spiral by Shimizu Corporation would have a floating dome 500 meters in diameter with hotels, residential and commercial complexes. It could be 15 km long. This allows mining of the seabed, research and production of methane from carbon dioxide with micro-organisms. The Ocean Spiral was co-developed with JAMSTEC and Tokyo University.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Japan extends from 20° to 45° north latitude (Okinotorishima to Benten-jima) and from 122° to 153° east longitude (Yonaguni to Minami Torishima). These are the points that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location in Japan.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The five main islands of Japan are Hokkaidō, Honshū, Kyūshū, Shikoku and Okinawa. These are also called the mainland. All of these points are accessible to the public.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: These are the 50 largest islands of Japan. It excludes the disputed Kuril islands known as the northern territories.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: There is one time zone in the whole Japanese archipelago. It is 9 hours ahead of UTC. There is no daylight saving time. The easternmost Japanese island Minami-Tori-shima also uses Japan Standard Time while it is geographically southeast of Tokyo and in the time zone.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Japan is substantially prone to earthquakes, tsunami and volcanoes because of its location along the Pacific Ring of Fire. It has the 15th highest natural disaster risk as measured in the 2013 World Risk Index.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: As many as 1,500 earthquakes are recorded yearly, and magnitudes of 4 to 6 are common. Minor tremors occur almost daily in one part of the country or another, causing slight shaking of buildings. Undersea earthquakes also expose the Japanese coastline to danger from .

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Destructive earthquakes, often resulting in tsunami, occur several times each century. The 1923 Tokyo earthquake killed over 140,000 people. More recent major quakes are the 1995 Great Hanshin earthquake and the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake, a 9.1-magnitude quake which hit Japan on March 11, 2011. It triggered a large tsunami and the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, one of the worst disasters in the history of nuclear power.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: The 2011 Tōhoku earthquake was the largest ever recorded in Japan and is the world's fourth largest earthquake to strike since 1900, according to the U.S. Geological Service. It struck offshore about northeast of Tokyo and east of the city of Sendai, and created a massive tsunami that devastated Japan's northeastern coastal areas. At least 100 aftershocks registering a 6.0 magnitude or higher have followed the main shock. At least 15,000 people died as a result.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Researchers found the source of great thrust earthquakes and associated tsunamis in the Greater Tokyo Area at the Izu-Ogasawara Trench. There is a 'trench-trench triple junction' of the oceanic Philippine Sea Plate that underthrusts a continental plate and is being subducted by the Pacific Plate.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Japan has become a world leader in research on causes and prediction of earthquakes. The development of advanced technology has permitted the construction of skyscrapers even in earthquake-prone areas. Extensive civil defence efforts focus on training in protection against earthquakes, in particular against accompanying fire, which represents the greatest danger.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Mount Fuji is a dormant stratovolcano that last erupted on 16 December 1707 till about 1 January 1708. The Hōei eruption of Mount Fuji did not have a lava flow, but it did release some of volcanic ash. It spread over vast areas around the volcano and reached Edo almost away. Cinders and ash fell like rain in Izu, Kai, Sagami, and Musashi provinces. In Edo, the volcanic ash was several centimeters thick. The eruption is rated a 5 on the Volcanic Explosivity Index.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: There are three VEI-7 volcanoes in Japan. These are the Aira Caldera, Kikai Caldera and Aso Caldera. These giant caldera are remnants of past eruptions. Mount Aso is the largest active volcano in Japan. 300,000 to 90,000 years ago there were four eruptions of Mount Aso which emitted huge amounts of volcanic ash that covered all of Kyushu and up to Yamaguchi Prefecture.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Surveys by KOBEC (Kobe Ocean-Bottom Exploration Center) confirm that a giant lava dome of 23 cubic kilometers formed after the Kikai Caldera erupted in 4,300 BC. There is a 1% chance of a giant caldera eruption in the Japanese archipelago within the next 100 years. Appropriately 40 cubic kilometers of magma would be released in one burst and cause enormous damage.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: In October 2021, large quantities of pumice pebbles from the submarine volcano Fukutoku-Okanoba damaged fisheries, tourism, the environment, 11 ports in Okinawa and 19 ports in Kagoshima prefecture. Clean-up operations took 2–3 weeks.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: In 2018 NASA published a theoretical plan to prevent a volcanic eruption by pumping large quantities of cold water down a borehole into the hydrothermal system of a supervolcano. The water would cool the huge body of magma in the chambers below the volcano so that the liquid magma becomes semi-solid. Thus enough heat could be extracted to prevent an eruption. The heat could be used by a geothermal plant to generate geothermal energy and electricity.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: Heavy snowfall during the winter in the snow country regions cause landslides, flooding, and avalanches.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Geography of Japan

Context: In the 2006 environment annual report, the Ministry of Environment reported that current major issues are: global warming and preservation of the ozone layer, conservation of the atmospheric environment, water and soil, waste management and recycling, measures for chemical substances, conservation of the natural environment and the participation in the international cooperation.

Question: 일본에서 두번째로 큰 섬은 무엇인가?


Aztecs

Context: In today's usage, the term "Aztec" often refers exclusively to the Mexica people of Tenochtitlan (now the location of Mexico City), situated on an island in Lake Texcoco, who referred to themselves as "Mēxihcah" (, a tribal designation that included the Tlatelolco), "Tenochcah" (, referring only to the Mexica of Tenochtitlan, excluding Tlatelolco) or "Cōlhuah" (, referring to their royal genealogy tying them to Culhuacan).

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: In older usage the term was commonly used about modern Nahuatl-speaking ethnic groups, as Nahuatl was previously referred to as the "Aztec language". In recent usage, these ethnic groups are referred to as the Nahua peoples. Linguistically, the term "Aztecan" is still used about the branch of the Uto-Aztecan languages (also sometimes called the Uto-Nahuan languages) that includes the Nahuatl language and its closest relatives Pochutec and Pipil.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: After 900 CE, during the postclassic period, a number of sites almost certainly inhabited by Nahuatl speakers became powerful. Among them the site of Tula, Hidalgo, and also city states such as Tenayuca, and Colhuacan in the valley of Mexico and Cuauhnahuac in Morelos.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: In the first 50 years after the founding of the Mexica dynasty, the Mexica were a tributary of Azcapotzalco, which had become a major regional power under the ruler Tezozomoc. The Mexica supplied the Tepaneca with warriors for their successful conquest campaigns in the region and received part of the tribute from the conquered city states. In this way, the political standing and economy of Tenochtitlan gradually grew.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: Itzcoatl proceeded by securing a power basis for Tenochtitlan, by conquering the city-states on the southern lake – including Culhuacan, Xochimilco, Cuitlahuac and Mizquic. These states had an economy based on highly productive chinampa agriculture, cultivating human-made extensions of rich soil in the shallow lake Xochimilco. Itzcoatl then undertook further conquests in the valley of Morelos, subjecting the city state of Cuauhnahuac (today Cuernavaca).

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: Motecuzoma also consolidated the political structure of the Triple Alliance, and the internal political organization of Tenochtitlan. His brother Tlacaelel served as his main advisor () and he is considered the architect of major political reforms in this period, consolidating the power of the noble class () and instituting a set of legal codes, and the practice of reinstating conquered rulers in their cities bound by fealty to the Mexica tlatoani.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: The highest class were the "pīpiltin" or nobility. The "pilli" status was hereditary and ascribed certain privileges to its holders, such as the right to wear particularly fine garments and consume luxury goods, as well as to own land and direct corvee labor by commoners. The most powerful nobles were called lords () and they owned and controlled noble estates or houses, and could serve in the highest government positions or as military leaders. Nobles made up about five percent of the population.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: Commoners were able to obtain privileges similar to those of the nobles by demonstrating prowess in warfare. When a warrior took a captive he accrued the right to use certain emblems, weapons or garments, and as he took more captives his rank and prestige increased.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: Among the nobles, marriage alliances were often used as a political strategy with lesser nobles marrying daughters from more prestigious lineages whose status was then inherited by their children. Nobles were also often polygamous, with lords having many wives. Polygamy was not very common among the commoners and some sources describe it as being prohibited.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: In the valley of Morelos, archeologist Michael E. Smith estimates that a typical altepetl had from 10,000 to 15,000 inhabitants, and covered an area between . In the Morelos valley, altepetl sizes were somewhat smaller. Smith argues that the altepetl was primarily a political unit, made up of the population with allegiance to a lord, rather than as a territorial unit. He makes this distinction because in some areas minor settlements with different altepetl allegiances were interspersed.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: The Aztecs did not produce much metal work, but did have knowledge of basic smelting technology for gold, and they combined gold with precious stones such as jade and turquoise. Copper products were generally imported from the Tarascans of Michoacan.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: The center of Tenochtitlan was the sacred precinct, a walled-off square area which housed the Great Temple, temples for other deities, the ballcourt, the calmecac (a school for nobles), a skull rack "tzompantli," displaying the skulls of sacrificial victims, houses of the warrior orders and a merchants palace. Around the sacred precinct were the royal palaces built by the tlatoanis.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: Aztec religion was organized around the practice of calendar rituals dedicated to a pantheon of different deities. Similar to other Mesoamerican religious systems, it has generally been understood as a polytheist agriculturalist religion with elements of animism. Central in the religious practice was the offering of sacrifices to the deities, as a way of thanking or paying for the continuation of the cycle of life.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: A key aspect of Aztec poetics was the use of parallelism, using a structure of embedded couplets to express different perspectives on the same element. Some such couplets were diphrasisms, conventional metaphors whereby an abstract concept was expressed metaphorically by using two more concrete concepts. For example, the Nahuatl expression for "poetry" was "in xochitl in cuicatl" a dual term meaning "the flower, the song".

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: A remarkable amount of this poetry survives, having been collected during the era of the conquest. In some cases poetry is attributed to individual authors, such as Nezahualcoyotl, "tlatoani" of Texcoco, and Cuacuauhtzin, Lord of Tepechpan, but whether these attributions reflect actual authorship is a matter of opinion. Important collection of such poems are "Romances de los señores de la Nueva España", collected (Tezcoco 1582), probably by Juan Bautista de Pomar, and the "Cantares Mexicanos".

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: The Aztecs produced ceramics of different types. Common are orange wares, which are orange or buff burnished ceramics with no slip. Red wares are ceramics with a reddish slip. And polychrome ware are ceramics with a white or orange slip, with painted designs in orange, red, brown, and/or black. Very common is "black on orange" ware which is orange ware decorated with painted designs in black.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: Aztec painted art was produced on animal skin (mostly deer), on cotton lienzos and on amate paper made from bark (e.g., from "Trema micrantha" or "Ficus aurea"), it was also produced on ceramics and carved in wood and stone. The surface of the material was often first treated with gesso to make the images stand out more clearly. The art of painting and writing was known in Nahuatl by the metaphor "in tlilli, in tlapalli" – meaning "the black ink, the red pigment".

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: The first Aztec murals were from Teotihuacan. Most of our current Aztec murals were found in Templo Mayor. The Aztec capitol was decorated with elaborate murals. In Aztec murals, humans are represented like they are represented in the codices. One mural discovered in Tlateloco depicts an old man and an old woman. This may represent the gods Cipactonal and Oxomico.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: Sculptures were carved in stone and wood, but few wood carvings have survived. Aztec stone sculptures exist in many sizes from small figurines and masks to large monuments, and are characterized by a high quality of craftsmanship. Many sculptures were carved in highly realistic styles, for example realistic sculpture of animals such as rattlesnakes, dogs, jaguars, frogs, turtle, and monkeys.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: After the arrival of the Europeans in Mexico and the conquest, indigenous populations declined significantly. This was largely the result of the epidemics of viruses brought to the continent against which the natives had no immunity. In 1520–1521, an outbreak of smallpox swept through the population of Tenochtitlan and was decisive in the fall of the city; further significant epidemics struck in 1545 and 1576.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: Today the legacy of the Aztecs lives on in Mexico in many forms. Archeological sites are excavated and opened to the public and their artifacts are prominently displayed in museums. Place names and loanwords from the Aztec language Nahuatl permeate the Mexican landscape and vocabulary, and Aztec symbols and mythology have been promoted by the Mexican government and integrated into contemporary Mexican nationalism as emblems of the country.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: During the 19th century, the image of the Aztecs as uncivilized barbarians was replaced with romanticized visions of the Aztecs as original sons of the soil, with a highly developed culture rivaling the ancient European civilizations. When Mexico became independent from Spain, a romanticized version of the Aztecs became a source of images that could be used to ground the new nation as a unique blend of European and American.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: In the realm of religion, late colonial paintings of the Virgin of Guadalupe have examples of her depicted floating above the iconic nopal cactus of the Aztecs. Juan Diego, the Nahua to whom the apparition was said to appear, links the dark Virgin to Mexico's Aztec past.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: The Mexican Revolution (1910–1920) and significant participation of indigenous people in the struggle in many regions, ignited a broad government-sponsored political and cultural movement of "indigenismo", with symbols of Mexico's Aztec past becoming ubiquitous, most especially in Mexican muralism of Diego Rivera.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: When the International Congress of Americanists was formed in Nancy, France in 1875, Mexican scholars became active participants, and Mexico City has hosted the biennial multidisciplinary meeting six times, starting in 1895. Mexico's ancient civilizations have continued to be the focus of major scholarly investigations by Mexican and international scholars.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: The Nahuatl language is today spoken by 1.5 million people, mostly in mountainous areas in the states of central Mexico. Mexican Spanish today incorporates hundreds of loans from Nahuatl, and many of these words have passed into general Spanish use, and further into other world languages.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


Aztecs

Context: The idea of the Aztecs has captivated the imaginations of Europeans since the first encounters, and has provided many iconic symbols to Western popular culture. In his book "The Aztec Image in Western Thought", Benjamin Keen argued that Western thinkers have usually viewed Aztec culture through a filter of their own cultural interests.

Question: 아즈텍 문명은 언제 시작되었는가?


History of Japan

Context: The first human inhabitants of the Japanese archipelago have been traced to prehistoric times around 30,000 BCE. The Jōmon period, named after its cord-marked pottery, was followed by the Yayoi period in the first millennium BCE when new inventions were introduced from Asia. During this period, the first known written reference to Japan was recorded in the Chinese "Book of Han" in the first century CE.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: Around the 3rd century BC, the Yayoi people from the continent immigrated to the Japanese archipelago and introduced iron technology and agricultural civilization.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: Because they had an agricultural civilization, the population of the Yayoi began to grow rapidly and ultimately overwhelmed the Jōmon people, natives of the Japanese archipelago who were hunter-gatherers.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: The Yayoi technologies originated on the Asian mainland. There is debate among scholars as to what extent their spread was accomplished by means of migration or simply a diffusion of ideas, or a combination of both. The migration theory is supported by genetic and linguistic studies. Historian Hanihara Kazurō has suggested that the annual immigrant influx from the continent range from 350 to 3,000.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: These leaders sought and received formal diplomatic recognition from China, and Chinese accounts record five successive such leaders as the Five kings of Wa. Craftsmen and scholars from China and the Three Kingdoms of Korea played an important role in transmitting continental technologies and administrative skills to Japan during this period.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: Historians agree that there was a big struggle between the Yamato federation and the Izumo Federation centuries before written records.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: The Asuka period began as early as 538 CE with the introduction of the Buddhist religion from the Korean kingdom of Baekje. Since then, Buddhism has coexisted with Japan's native Shinto religion, in what is today known as Shinbutsu-shūgō. The period draws its name from the "de facto" imperial capital, Asuka, in the Kinai region.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: The art of the Asuka period embodies the themes of Buddhist art. One of the most famous works is the Buddhist temple of Horyu-ji, commissioned by Prince Shōtoku and completed in 607 CE. It is now the oldest wooden structure in the world.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: There was also a serious attempt to overthrow the Imperial house during the middle Nara period. During the 760s, monk Dōkyō tried to establish his own dynasty by the aid of Empress Shōtoku, but after her death in 770 he lost all his power and was exiled. The Fujiwara clan furthermore consolidated its power.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: In 784, the capital moved briefly to Nagaoka-kyō, then again in 794 to Heian-kyō (modern Kyoto), which remained the capital until 1868. Political power within the court soon passed to the Fujiwara clan, a family of court nobles who grew increasingly close to the imperial family through intermarriage. Between 812 and 814 CE, a smallpox epidemic killed almost half of the Japanese population.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: During the Heian period, the imperial court was a vibrant center of high art and culture. Its literary accomplishments include the poetry collection "Kokinshū" and the "Tosa Diary", both associated with the poet Ki no Tsurayuki, as well as Sei Shōnagon's collection of miscellany "The Pillow Book", and Murasaki Shikibu's "Tale of Genji", often considered the masterpiece of Japanese literature.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: The development of the kana written syllabaries was part of a general trend of declining Chinese influence during the Heian period. The official Japanese missions to Tang dynasty of China, which began in the year 630, ended during the ninth century, though informal missions of monks and scholars continued, and thereafter the development of native Japanese forms of art and poetry accelerated. A major architectural achievement, apart from Heian-kyō itself, was the temple of Byōdō-in built in 1053 in Uji.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: Legitimacy was conferred on the shogunate by the Imperial court, but the shogunate was the "de facto" rulers of the country. The court maintained bureaucratic and religious functions, and the shogunate welcomed participation by members of the aristocratic class. The older institutions remained intact in a weakened form, and Kyoto remained the official capital. This system has been contrasted with the "simple warrior rule" of the later Muromachi period.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: After Yoritomo's death in 1199, the office of shogun weakened. Behind the scenes, Yoritomo's wife Hōjō Masako became the true power behind the government. In 1203, her father, Hōjō Tokimasa, was appointed regent to the shogun, Yoritomo's son Minamoto no Sanetomo. Henceforth, the Minamoto shoguns became puppets of the Hōjō regents, who wielded actual power.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: The regime that Yoritomo had established, and which was kept in place by his successors, was decentralized and feudalistic in structure, in contrast with the earlier ritsuryō state. Yoritomo selected the provincial governors, known under the titles of "shugo" or "jitō", from among his close vassals, the "gokenin". The Kamakura shogunate allowed its vassals to maintain their own armies and to administer law and order in their provinces on their own terms.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: In 1221, the retired Emperor Go-Toba instigated what became known as the Jōkyū War, a rebellion against the shogunate, in an attempt to restore political power to the court. The rebellion was a failure and led to Go-Toba being exiled to Oki Island, along with two other emperors, the retired Emperor Tsuchimikado and Emperor Juntoku, who were exiled to Tosa Province and Sado Island respectively. The shogunate further consolidated its political power relative to the Kyoto aristocracy.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: Initiating direct commercial and cultural exchange between Japan and the West, the first map made of Japan in the west was represented in 1568 by the Portuguese cartographer Fernão Vaz Dourado.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: Oda Nobunaga used European technology and firearms to conquer many other "daimyōs"; his consolidation of power began what was known as the Azuchi–Momoyama period (1573–1603). After Nobunaga was assassinated in 1582 by Akechi Mitsuhide, his successor Toyotomi Hideyoshi unified the nation in 1590 and launched two unsuccessful invasions of Korea in 1592 and 1597. Before the invasion, Hideyoshi tried to hire two Portuguese galleons to join the invasion but the Portuguese refused the offer.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: During the second half of the 16th century, Japan gradually reunified under two powerful warlords: Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi. The period takes its name from Nobunaga's headquarters, Azuchi Castle, and Hideyoshi's headquarters, Momoyama Castle.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: The Tokugawas sponsored and were heavily influenced by Neo-Confucianism, which led the government to divide society into four classes based on the four occupations. The samurai class claimed to follow the ideology of bushido, literally "the way of the warrior".

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: During the Meiji period, Japan underwent a rapid transition towards an industrial economy. Both the Japanese government and private entrepreneurs adopted Western technology and knowledge to create factories capable of producing a wide range of goods.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: By the end of the period, the majority of Japan's exports were manufactured goods. Some of Japan's most successful new businesses and industries constituted huge family-owned conglomerates called "zaibatsu", such as Mitsubishi and Sumitomo. The phenomenal industrial growth sparked rapid urbanization. The proportion of the population working in agriculture shrank from 75 percent in 1872 to 50 percent by 1920. In 1927 the Tokyo Metro Ginza Line opened and it is the oldest subway line in Asia.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: However, on 6 August 1945, the US dropped an atomic bomb over Hiroshima, killing over 70,000 people. This was the first nuclear attack in history. On 9 August the Soviet Union declared war on Japan and invaded Manchukuo and other territories, and Nagasaki was struck by a second atomic bomb, killing around 40,000 people. The surrender of Japan was communicated to the Allies on 14 August and broadcast by Emperor Hirohito on national radio the following day.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: Japan experienced dramatic political and social transformation under the Allied occupation in 1945–1952. US General Douglas MacArthur, the Supreme Commander of Allied Powers, served as Japan's "de facto" leader and played a central role in implementing reforms, many inspired by the New Deal of the 1930s.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: Among cultural developments, the immediate post-occupation period became a golden age for Japanese cinema. The reasons for this include the abolition of government censorship, low film production costs, expanded access to new film techniques and technologies, and huge domestic audiences at a time when other forms of recreation were relatively scarce. On 1 October 1964, Japan's first high-speed rail line was built called the Tokaido Shinkansen. It is also the oldest high-speed rail system in the world.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: On 11 March 2011, one of the largest earthquakes recorded in Japan occurred in the northeast. The resulting tsunami damaged the nuclear facilities in Fukushima, which suffered a nuclear meltdown and severe radiation leakage.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: In 2020, Tokyo was due to host the Summer Olympics for the second time since 1964. Japan was the first Asian country to host the Olympics twice. However, due to the global outbreak and economic impact of COVID-19 Pandemic, the Summer Olympics were postponed to 2021; they took place from 23 July to 8 August 2021. Japan ranked third place, with 27 gold medals.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


History of Japan

Context: Hideyoshi's land survey of the 1590s designated all who cultivated the land as commoners, an act which granted effective freedom to most of Japan's slaves.

Question: 일본의 시대는 몇 년에 한번 바뀌는가?


Adventure Time

Context: In September 2021, Abbey White, a reporter for "Insider" and "The Hollywood Reporter", noted the series' interest in "gender nonconformity and gender-swapping", and they argued that Lumpy Space Princess upends gender norms.

Question: 어드벤처 타임은언제 처음 방영되었는가?


Adventure Time

Context: During the last seasons of "Adventure Time", there was talk at Cartoon Network about concluding the series. Olivia Olson, who provided the voice of Marceline, said that since this discussion wore on for a while "the ending of the show was getting stretched and stretched and stretched". Chief content officer Rob Sorcher told the "Los Angeles Times" of the network's decision to end the series, saying:

Question: 어드벤처 타임은언제 처음 방영되었는가?


Adventure Time

Context: "Adventure Time" was playing less and less on Cartoon Network, yet we were moving towards a large volume of episodes. And I really began thinking "[The end] can't come quickly as a sudden company decision, it needs to be a conversation over a period of time." And it did also strike me that if we don't wind this up soon, we're going to have a generation of fans graduate through the [television] demo[graphic that Cartoon Network targets] and we won't have completed a thought for them.

Question: 어드벤처 타임은언제 처음 방영되었는가?


Adventure Time

Context: Former head background designer Ghostshrimp returned after having officially left the series during the fourth season.

Question: 어드벤처 타임은언제 처음 방영되었는가?


Adventure Time

Context: A tweet by Osborne revealed that the series' final script was pitched to storyboarders, with Alden and Nyström in attendance, on November 28.

Question: 어드벤처 타임은언제 처음 방영되었는가?


Adventure Time

Context: Voice recording for the episode ended on January 31, 2017, as confirmed by a number of cast members, including Maria Bamford and Andy Milonakis. The series finale aired on September 3, 2018, receiving a largely positive reception.

Question: 어드벤처 타임은언제 처음 방영되었는가?


Adventure Time

Context: Around a year later, on October 23, 2019, Cartoon Network announced that four hour-long specials—collectively titled '—would air on HBO Max. The specials aired throughout 2020 and 2021. On August 17, 2021, it was announced that a second spin-off, ', focusing on the gender-swapped Fionna and Cake characters, was ordered by HBO Max.

Question: 어드벤처 타임은언제 처음 방영되었는가?


Adventure Time

Context: During the latter part of its run, the show began to experiment with the miniseries format. The first of these was "Stakes" (2015), which aired during the show's seventh season. The following miniseries, "Islands" (2017) aired as part of the eighth season. The third and final miniseries, "Elements" (2017), aired during the show's ninth season.

Question: 어드벤처 타임은언제 처음 방영되었는가?


Adventure Time

Context: The series' initial run concluded in 2018, after the airing of its tenth season. Reruns have aired on Boomerang and Adult Swim.

Question: 어드벤처 타임은언제 처음 방영되었는가?


Adventure Time

Context: On March 30, 2013, the first season of "Adventure Time" was made available on the Netflix Instant Watch service for online streaming; the second season was made available on March 30, 2014. Both seasons were removed from Netflix on March 30, 2015. The series was made available for streaming via Hulu on May 1, 2015.

Question: 어드벤처 타임은언제 처음 방영되었는가?


Adventure Time

Context: While in the United States, HBO Max becomes the primary platform to watch "", there are debuts of "BMO," the first special of the spin-off series, in different countries and regions in respective Cartoon Network channels worldwide, on different dates mainly in 2020; such as October 24 (Turkey), October 25 (France), November 21 (the United Kingdom), December 12 (Germany, Australia, and Taiwan), and December 27 (Russia). In South Korea, the debut was on January 1, 2021.

Question: 어드벤처 타임은언제 처음 방영되었는가?


Adventure Time

Context: The show has received universal acclaim from critics. "The A.V. Club" reviewer Zack Handlen called it "a terrific show [that] fits beautifully in that gray area between kid and adult entertainment in a way that manages to satisfy both a desire for sophisticated (i.e., weird) writing and plain old silliness".

Question: 어드벤처 타임은언제 처음 방영되었는가?


Adventure Time

Context: The series has been included on a number of best-of lists. "Entertainment Weekly" ranked it number 20 (out of 25) in a list of the "Greatest Animated TV Series". Similarly, "The A.V. Club", in a non-ranked run-down of the "best animated series ever", called the series "one of the most distinctive cartoons currently on the air".

Question: 어드벤처 타임은언제 처음 방영되었는가?


Adventure Time

Context: After the success of the original comic book line, several spin-off mini-series were launched. Some of the comic series are as follows:

Question: 어드벤처 타임은언제 처음 방영되었는가?


Adventure Time

Context: A separate line of comics officially denoted as graphic novels, have also been released. Books in this line are:

Question: 어드벤처 타임은언제 처음 방영되었는가?


Adventure Time

Context: On the Portuguese talk show "5 Para A Meia-Noite", the humorist Eduardo Madeira, who portrayed a hater called Osório, used Princess Bubblegum and Marceline to mock the Eurovision Song Contest 2018's Portuguese contestants, Cláudia Pascoal and Isaura.

Question: 어드벤처 타임은언제 처음 방영되었는가?


Adventure Time

Context: In the 2016 horror film "Better Watch Out", the two boys in the film, Luke the antagonist and his friend Garrett, are fans of the series, and after subduing Luke's babysitter and using drugs and alcohol, the two boys play Fuck, marry, kill using the ""Adventure Time" chicks" as options. Luke says that he would "[f]uck Princess Bubblegum," to which Garrett replies "Not Marceline?" Luke then gives reasons for his choice.

Question: 어드벤처 타임은언제 처음 방영되었는가?


Home run

Context: In Major League Baseball, the career record is 762, held by Barry Bonds, who broke Hank Aaron's record on August 7, 2007, when he hit his 756th home run at AT&T Park off pitcher Mike Bacsik. Only eight other major league players have hit as many as 600: Hank Aaron (755), Babe Ruth (714), Alex Rodriguez (696), Albert Pujols (683), Willie Mays (660), Ken Griffey Jr. (630), Jim Thome (612), and Sammy Sosa (609); Pujols holds the record for active MLB players.

Question: 세상에서 가장 장거리 홈런은 무엇인가?


Home run

Context: The single season record is 73, set by Barry Bonds in 2001. Other notable single season records were achieved by Babe Ruth who hit 60 in 1927, Roger Maris, with 61 home runs in 1961, and Sammy Sosa and Mark McGwire, who hit 66 and 70 respectively, in 1998.

Question: 세상에서 가장 장거리 홈런은 무엇인가?


Mexican Revolution

Context: The construction of railways had been transformative in Mexico (as well as elsewhere in Latin America), accelerating economic activity and increasing the power of the Mexican state. The isolation from the central government that many remote areas had enjoyed or suffered was ending. Telegraph lines constructed next to railroad tracks meant instant communication between distant states and the capital.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: The political acumen and flexibility Díaz exhibited in his early years in office began to decline after 1900. He brought the state governors under his control, replacing them at will. The Federal Army, while large, was increasingly an ineffective force with aging leadership and troops dragooned into service. Díaz attempted the same kind of manipulation he executed with the Mexican political system with business interests, showing favoritism to European interests against those of the U.S.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: Since the press was censored in Mexico under Díaz, little was published that was critical of the regime. Newspapers barely reported on the Rio Blanco textile strike, the Cananea strike or harsh labor practices on plantations in Oaxaca and Yucatán. Leftist Mexican opponents of the Díaz regime, such as Ricardo Flores Magón and Práxedis Guerrero, went into exile in the relative safety of the United States, but cooperation between the U.S. government and Díaz's agents resulted in the arrest of some radicals.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: Madero won the 1911 election decisively and was inaugurated as president in November 1911, but his movement had lost crucial momentum and revolutionary supporters in the months of the Interim Presidency and left in place the Federal Army.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: In response to this lack of action, Zapata promulgated the Plan de Ayala in November 1911, declaring himself in rebellion against Madero. He renewed guerrilla warfare in the state of Morelos. Madero sent the Federal Army to deal with Zapata, unsuccessfully. Zapata remained true to the demands of the Plan de Ayala and in rebellion against every central government up until his assassination by an agent of President Venustiano Carranza in 1919.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: Madero's "martyrdom accomplished what he was unable to do while alive: unite all the revolutionists under one banner." Within 16 months, revolutionary armies defeated the Federal Army and the Huerta regime fell. Like Porfirio Díaz, Huerta went into exile. The Federal Army was disbanded, leaving only revolutionary military forces.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: In Mexico's south, Zapata took Chilpancingo, Guerrero in mid-March; he followed this soon afterward with the capture of the Pacific coast port of Acapulco; Iguala; Taxco; and Buenavista de Cuellar. He confronted the federal garrisons in Morelos, the majority of which defected to him with their weapons. Finally he moved against the capital, by sending his subordinates into Mexico state.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: Huerta's resignation marked the end of an era. The Federal Army, a spectacularly ineffective fighting force against the revolutionaries, ceased to exist. The revolutionary factions that had united in opposition to Huerta's regime now faced a new political landscape with the counter-revolutionaries decisively defeated. The revolutionary armies now contended for power and a new era of civil war began after an attempt at an agreement among the winners at a Convention of Aguascalientes.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: Carranza had expected to be confirmed in his position as First Chief of revolutionary forces, but his supporters "lost control of the proceedings". Opposition to Carranza was strongest in areas where there were popular and fierce demands for reform, particularly in Chihuahua where Villa was powerful, and in Morelos where Zapata held sway. The Convention of Aguascalientes brought that opposition out in an open forum.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: The revolutionary generals of the Convention called on Carranza to resign executive power. Although he agreed to do so, he laid out conditions for it. He would resign if both Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata, his main rivals for power, would resign and go into exile, and that there should be a so-called pre-constitutionalist government "that would take charge of carrying out the social and political reforms the country needs before a fully constitutional government is re-established."

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: Rather than First Chief Carranza being named president of Mexico at the convention, General Eulalio Gutiérrez was chosen for a term of 20 days. The Convention declared Carranza in rebellion against it. Civil war resumed, this time between revolutionary armies that had fought in a united cause to oust Huerta in 1913–14. During the Convention, Constitutionalist General Álvaro Obregón had attempted to be a moderating force and had been the one to convey the Convention's call for Carranza to resign.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: The Mexican Constitution of 1917 was strongly nationalist, giving the government the power to expropriate foreign ownership of resources and enabling land reform (Article 27). It also had a strong code protecting organized labor (Article 123) and extended state power over the Roman Catholic Church in Mexico in its role in education (Article 3).

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: Zapata initially supported Madero, since his Plan de San Luis Potosí had promised land reform. But Madero negotiated a settlement with the Díaz regime that continued its power. Once elected in November 1911, Madero did not move on land reform, prompting Zapata to rebel against him and draft the Plan of Ayala (1911).

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: Although Zapata was assassinated, the agrarian reforms that peasants themselves enacted in Morelos were impossible to reverse. The central government came to terms with that state of affairs. Zapata had fought for land and for those who tilled it in Morelos, and succeeded. His credentials as a steadfast revolutionary made him an enduring hero of the Revolution. His name and image were invoked in the 1994 uprising in Chiapas, with the Zapatista Army of National Liberation.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: There is no consensus when the Revolution ended, but the majority of scholars consider the 1920s and 1930s as being on the continuum of revolutionary change. The end date of revolutionary consolidation has also been set at 1946, with the last general serving as president and the political party morphing into the Institutional Revolutionary Party.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: An achievement in this period was the 1929 peace agreement between the Catholic Church and the Mexican state, brokered by Dwight Morrow, U.S. Ambassador to Mexico. The church-state conflict went into hibernation following the designation of General Manuel Ávila Camacho to succeed President Lázaro Cárdenas in 1940.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: The death toll and displacement of population due to the Revolution is difficult to calculate. Mexico's population loss of 15 million were high, but numerical estimates vary a great deal. Perhaps 1.5 million people died, and nearly 200,000 refugees fled abroad, especially to the United States.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: Violence during the Revolution involved not only the largely male combatants, but also civilian populations of men, women, and children. Some ethnic groups were deliberately targeted, most particularly the Chinese in northern Mexico. During the Maderista campaign in northern Mexico, there was anti-Chinese violence, particularly the May 1911 massacre at Torreón, a major railway hub. In 1905, anti-Chinese sentiments appeared in the Liberal Party Program of 1905.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: Landed estates, many owned by foreigners, were targeted for looting, with crops and animals sold or used by revolutionaries. Some owners were killed. In the wake of the Revolution, a joint American-Mexican Claims Commission commission of assessed the monetary damage and compensation due.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: The economic damage the Revolution caused lasted for years. Population loss due military and civilian casualties, displacement of populations who migrated to safer areas, and damage to infrastructure had significant impacts. The nation would not regain the level of development reached in 1910 for another twenty years.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: Railway lines constructed during the Porfiriato facilitated movement of men, horses, and artillery and were used extensively by all

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: There was considerable cultural production during the Revolution itself, including printmaking, music and photography, while in the post revolutionary era, revolutionary themes in painting and literature shaped historical memory and understanding of the Revolution.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: The Revolution "depended heavily, from its inception, on visual representations and, in particular, on photographs." The large number of Mexican and foreign photographers followed the action and stoked public interest in it. Among the foreign photographers were Jimmy Hare, Otis A. Aultman, Homer Scott, and Walter Horne. Images appeared in newspapers and magazines, as well as postcards. Horne was associated with the Mexican War Postcard Company.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: Oftentimes women who had been discarded by their families would join the military. Being involved in the military would lead to scrutiny amongst some male participants. In order to avoid sexual abuse many women would make themselves appear more masculine. They would also dress more masculine in order to gain more experience with handling weapons, and learning more about military jobs.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: An example of this is presented by María de Jesús González who was a secret agent involved in Carranza's army. She would, oftentimes, present herself as a man in order to complete certain tasks assigned to her. After she completed these tasks she would return to her feminine appearance.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: Rosa Bodilla, however, maintained her feminine appearance throughout her military career. She joined the Zapata's military with her husband. When he died, she was given his title, which became "Colonel Rosa Bobadila widow of Casas." She gave orders to men while continuing to dress as a woman.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: Names are a standard way governments commemorate people and events. Many towns and cities of Mexico recall the Revolution. In Mexico City, there are "delegaciones" (boroughs) named for Álvaro Obregón, Venustiano Carranza, and Gustavo A. Madero, brother of murdered president. There is a portion of the old colonial street Calle de los Plateros leading to the main square zócalo of the capital named Francisco I. Madero.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: "Many portions of this article are translations of excerpts from the article in the Spanish Wikipedia."

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Mexican Revolution

Context: There is a huge bibliography of works in Spanish on the Mexican Revolution. Below are works in English, some of which have been translated from Spanish. Some of the works in English have been translated to Spanish.

Question: 언제 멕시코 혁명이 일어났나요?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: After assembly elections across the country in 1967, the party entered into a coalition with several other parties, including the Swatantra Party and the socialists. It formed governments in various states across the Hindi heartland, including Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. It was the first time the Jana Sangh held political office, albeit within a coalition; this caused the shelving of the Jana Sangh's more radical agenda.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: In 1975, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi imposed a state of emergency. The Jana Sangh took part in the widespread protests, with thousands of its members being imprisoned along with other agitators across the country. In 1977, the emergency was withdrawn and general elections were held. The Jana Sangh merged with parties from across the political spectrum, including the Socialist Party, the Congress (O) and the Bharatiya Lok Dal to form the Janata Party, with its main agenda being defeating Indira Gandhi.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: The Janata Party won a majority in 1977 and formed a government with Morarji Desai as Prime Minister. The former Jana Sangh contributed the largest tally to the Janata Party's parliamentary contingent, with 93 seats or 31% of its strength. Vajpayee, previously the leader of the Jana Sangh, was appointed the Minister of External Affairs.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: In the parliamentary elections in 1996, the BJP capitalised on the communal polarisation that followed the demolition to win 161 Lok Sabha seats, making it the largest party in parliament. Vajpayee was sworn in as Prime Minister but was unable to attain a majority in the Lok Sabha, forcing the government to resign after 13 days.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: In December 1991, then-BJP President Murli Manohar Joshi held another "yatra", the "Ekta" "Yatra", intended to signal that BJP supported national unity and opposed separatist movements. It began on 11 December in Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu and visited 14 states. The rally's final stop to hoist the Indian flag in Jammu and Kashmir on 26 January 1992 was considered unsuccessful, with minimal local participation.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: On 13 October 1999, the NDA, without the AIADMK, won 303 seats in parliament and thus an outright majority. The BJP had its highest ever tally of 183. Vajpayee became Prime Minister for the third time; Advani became Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister. This NDA government lasted its full term of five years. Its policy agenda included a more aggressive stance on defence and terror as well as neo-liberal economic policies.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: In 2001, Bangaru Laxman, then the BJP president, was filmed accepting a bribe of to recommend the purchase of hand-held thermal imagers for the Indian Army to the Defence Ministry, in a sting operation by "Tehelka" journalists. The BJP was forced to make him resign and he was subsequently prosecuted. In April 2012, he was sentenced to four years in prison.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: In May 2008, the BJP won the state elections in Karnataka. This was the first time that the party won assembly elections in any South Indian state. In the 2009 general elections, its strength in the Lok Sabha was reduced to 116 seats. It lost the Karnataka assembly election in 2013.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: In the 2014 Indian general election, the BJP won 282 seats, leading the NDA to a tally of 336 seats in the 543-seat Lok Sabha. Narendra Modi was sworn in as the 14th Prime Minister of India on 26 May 2014.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: The vote share of the BJP was 31% of all votes cast, a low figure relative to the number of seats it won. This was the first instance since 1984 of a single party achieving an outright majority in the Indian Parliament and the first time that it achieved a majority in the Lok Sabha on its own strength. Support was concentrated in the Hindi-speaking belt in North-central India. The magnitude of the victory was not predicted by most opinion and exit polls.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: In 2019, the BJP won the general election with a majority. Soon after coming to power, on 5 August 2019, the Modi administration revoked the special status, or , granted under Article 370 of the Indian Constitution to Jammu and Kashmir—a region administered by India as a state and this states consists of the larger part of Kashmir which has been the subject of dispute among India, Pakistan, and China since 1947.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: The BJP's economic policy has changed considerably since its founding. There is a significant range of economic ideologies within the party. In the 1980s, like the Jana Sangh, it reflected the thinking of the RSS and its affiliates. It supported "swadeshi" (the promotion of indigenous industries and products) and a protectionist export policy. However, it supported internal economic liberalisation, and opposed the state-driven industrialisation favoured by the Congress.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: Compared to Congress, the BJP takes a more aggressive and nationalistic position on defence policy and terrorism. The Vajpayee-led NDA government carried out nuclear weapons tests and enacted the Prevention of Terrorism Act, which later came under heavy criticism. It also deployed troops to evict infiltrators from Kargil, and supported the United States War on Terror.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: Although previous Congress governments developed the capability for a nuclear weapons test, the Vajpayee government broke with India's historical strategy of avoiding it and authorised Pokhran-II, a series of five nuclear tests in 1998. The tests came soon after Pakistan tested a medium-range ballistic missile. They were seen as an attempt to display India's military prowess to the world, and a reflection of anti-Pakistan sentiment within the BJP.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: The Modi government has conducted several strikes on territory controlled by neighbouring countries on counterterrorism grounds. This included a 2015 Indian counter-insurgency operation in Myanmar against the National Socialist Council of Nagaland, the 2016 Indian Line of Control strike in Pakistan-administered Kashmir, and the 2019 Balakot airstrike in Pakistan. It also militarily intervened in defence of Bhutan during the 2017 Doklam standoff with China.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: The Modi government initially took a pragmatic stance towards Pakistan, attempting to improve relations with Nawaz Sharif's government, culminating in Modi visiting Pakistan in 2015. Relations subsequently deteriorated, particularly after Sharif was ousted in 2017. The Modi government has since been described as taking a "hardline" approach on Pakistan, and the BJP has accused the opposition Congress of collaborating with Pakistan through its criticism of government policy.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: In 2015, the Modi government was accused by the Nepalese government of imposing an undeclared blockade on Nepal.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: The organisation of the BJP is strictly hierarchical, with the president being the highest authority in the party. Until 2012, the BJP constitution mandated that any qualified member could be national or state president for a single three-year term. This was amended to a maximum of two consecutive terms.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: Below the president is the National Executive, which contains a variable number of senior leaders from across the country. It is the higher decision-making body of the party. Its members are several vice-presidents, general-secretaries, treasurers and secretaries, who work directly with the president. An identical structure, with an executive committee led by a president, exists at the state, regional, district and local level.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: In April 2015, the BJP stated that it had more than 100 million registered members, which would make it the world's largest political party by primary membership.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: The BJP is a cadre-based party. It has close connections with other organisations with similar ideologies, such as the RSS, ABVP, BYSS and the VHP. The cadres of these groups often supplement the BJP's. Its lower members are largely derived from the RSS and its affiliates, loosely known as the Sangh Parivar:

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: The BJP has previously held power in Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Rajasthan and Jharkhand, and has been the junior coalition partner in governments in Andhra Pradesh (with the Telugu Desam Party), Jammu and Kashmir (with the Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party), Odisha (with the Biju Janata Dal), Punjab (with the Shiromani Akali Dal), and Tamil Nadu (with the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam). It has never held power in Kerala, Telangana, and West Bengal.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Bharatiya Janata Party

Context: In addition to the NDA, the BJP is also a part of a regional political alliance in Northeast India named the North-East Democratic Alliance.

Question: 세상에서 가장 큰 정치집단은 무엇인가?


Lake Pontchartrain Causeway

Context: The bridges are supported by 9,500 concrete pilings. The two bridges feature a bascule, which spans the navigation channel south of the north shore.

Question: 세상에서 가장 긴 다리는 무엇인가?


Lake Pontchartrain Causeway

Context: The original causeway was a two-lane span, measuring in length. It opened in 1956 at a cost of $46 million (equivalent to $ million in dollars). This included not just the bridge, but three approach roads on the north end and a long stretch of road on the south end.

Question: 세상에서 가장 긴 다리는 무엇인가?


Lake Pontchartrain Causeway

Context: On June 16, 1964, six people died when barges tore a gap in the bridge and a bus plunged into the lake.

Question: 세상에서 가장 긴 다리는 무엇인가?


Lake Pontchartrain Causeway

Context: A parallel two-lane span, longer than the original, opened on May 10, 1969, at a cost of $30 million (equivalent to $ million in dollars).

Question: 세상에서 가장 긴 다리는 무엇인가?


Lake Pontchartrain Causeway

Context: The opening of the causeway boosted the fortunes of small North Shore communities by reducing drive time into New Orleans by up to 50 minutes, bringing the North Shore into the New Orleans metropolitan area. Prior to the causeway, residents of St. Tammany Parish used either the Maestri Bridge on U.S. Route 11 or the Rigolets Bridge on U.S. Route 90, both near Slidell, Louisiana; or on the west side, via U.S. Route 51 through Manchac, Louisiana.

Question: 세상에서 가장 긴 다리는 무엇인가?


Lake Pontchartrain Causeway

Context: The southern end of the Manchac Swamp Bridge (on the western edge of Lake Pontchartrain) is the western end of the I-10 Bonnet Carré Spillway Bridge (on the southwestern edge of Lake Pontchartrain), and the northern end of the LaBranche Wetlands Bridge is the eastern end of the I-10 Bonnet Carré Spillway Bridge; so these three bridges, by name, are in fact one contiguous bridge. The total driving distance on continuous elevated roadway is over .

Question: 세상에서 가장 긴 다리는 무엇인가?


Lake Pontchartrain Causeway

Context: The bridge was designated as a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark by the American Society of Civil Engineers in 2013.

Question: 세상에서 가장 긴 다리는 무엇인가?


Roger Etchegaray

Context: He served as papal representative in delicate situations. Some were ecclesiastical, like improving relations with the Orthodox Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow, organizing an historic inter-religious prayer service in Assisi in 1986, and seeking rapprochement with Communist governments. Others were geopolitical, attempting to prevent international violence, arranging an exchange of prisoners, or bearing witness to the Rwandan genocide against the Tutsis.

Question: 2019년까지 가장 오랜 기간 추기경 자리에 있던 사람은 누구인가?


Roger Etchegaray

Context: He attended the minor seminary in Ustaritz and the major seminary in Bayonne before studying at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome, from where he obtained a Licentiate of Sacred Theology and a Doctorate of Canon Law. He was ordained to the priesthood by Bishop Jean Saint-Pierre on 13 July 1947.

Question: 2019년까지 가장 오랜 기간 추기경 자리에 있던 사람은 누구인가?


Roger Etchegaray

Context: The meeting underscored an easing of tensions between Church and state in the officially atheist country, where practicing Christians, Jews, and Muslims have been objects of government repression for almost 30 years.

Question: 2019년까지 가장 오랜 기간 추기경 자리에 있던 사람은 누구인가?


Roger Etchegaray

Context: In December 1985, he led a Vatican team invited by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini to visit prisoners of war held in Iran. He visited Baghdad in 1985 when he helped to arrange an exchange of prisoners of war between Iran and Iraq while they were at war. In 1998, he visited Baghdad to determine if a papal visit was feasible.

Question: 2019년까지 가장 오랜 기간 추기경 자리에 있던 사람은 누구인가?


Roger Etchegaray

Context: He first visited Rwanda in 1993 in an attempt to reconcile the warring parties. In June 1994, amidst the violence of the Rwandan genocide, he visited the site where three bishops were assassinated and officiated at their funeral. He crossed the country to deliver the same message to the government and its rebel opposition.

Question: 2019년까지 가장 오랜 기간 추기경 자리에 있던 사람은 누구인가?


Roger Etchegaray

Context: In 2003 he received the journalistic prize Golden Doves for Peace awarded by the Italian Research Institute Archivio Disarmo.

Question: 2019년까지 가장 오랜 기간 추기경 자리에 있던 사람은 누구인가?


Video game console

Context: Handheld consoles emerged from technology improvements in handheld electronic games as these shifted from mechanical to electronic/digital logic, and away from light-emitting diode (LED) indicators to liquid-crystal displays (LCD) that resembled video screens more closely. Early examples include the Microvision in 1979 and Game & Watch in 1980, and the concept was fully realized by the Game Boy in 1989.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: Both home and handheld consoles have become more advanced following global changes in technology. These technological shifts include including improved electronic and computer chip manufacturing to increase computational power at lower costs and size, the introduction of 3D graphics and hardware-based graphic processors for real-time rendering, digital communications such as the Internet, wireless networking and Bluetooth, and larger and denser media formats as well as digital distribution.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: Following the same type of Moore's law progression, home consoles are grouped into generations, each lasting approximately five years. Consoles within each generation share similar specifications and features, such as processor word size. While no one grouping of consoles by generation is universally accepted, one breakdown of generations, showing representative consoles, of each is shown below.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: There are primarily three types of video game consoles: home consoles, handhelds, and hybrid consoles.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: Most consoles are considered programmable consoles and have the means for the player to switch between different games. Traditionally, this has been done by switching a physical game cartridge or game card or through using optical media. It is now common to download games through digital distribution and store them on internal or external digital storage devices.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: A secondary PCB that connects to the motherboard that would be used for additional functions. These may include components that can be easily replaced later without having to replace the full motherboard.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: The consoles' CPU is generally defined by its word size (such as 8-bit or 64-bit), and its clock speed or frequency in hertz. For some CPUs, the clock speed can be variable in response to software needs. In general, larger word sizes and faster clock sizes indicate better performance, but other factors will impact the actual speed.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: Newer CPUs may also feature multiple processing cores, which are also identified in their specification. Multi-core CPUs allow for multithreading and parallel computing in modern games, such as one thread for managing the game's rendering engine, one for the game's physics engine, and another for evaluating the player's input.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: Additional processors used to handle other dedicated functions on the console. Many early consoles feature an audio coprocessor for example.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: The processor unit that, outside of the CPU and GPU, typically manages the fastest processing elements on the computer. Typically this involves communication of data between the CPU, the GPU, and the on-board RAM, and subsequently sending and receiving information with the southbridge.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: The counterpart of the northbridge, the southbridge is the processing unit that handles slower processing components of the console, typically those of input/output (I/O) with some internal storage and other connected devices like controllers.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: The console's BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is the fundamental instruction set baked into a firmware chip on the console circuit board that the console uses when it is first turned on to direct operations. In older consoles, prior to the introduction of onboard storage, the BIOS effectively served as the console's operating system, while in modern consoles, the BIOS is used to direct loading of the console's operating system off internal memory.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: More advanced computing systems generate heat, and require active cooling systems to keep the hardware at safe operating temperatures. Many newer consoles are designed with cooling fans, engineered cooling fins, internal layouts, and strategically-placed vents on the casing to assure good convective heat transfer for keeping the internal components cool.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: Since the introduction of game cartridges, nearly all consoles have a cartridge port/reader or an optical drive for game media. In the latter console generations, some console revisions have offered options without a media reader as a means to reduce the console's cost and letting the consumer rely on digital distribution for game acquisition, such as with the Xbox One S All-Digital Edition or the PlayStation 5 Digital Edition.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: All consoles are enclosed in a case to protect the electronics from damage and to constrain the air flow for cooling.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: Ports for connecting power, controllers, televisions or video monitors, external storage devices, Internet connectivity, and other features are placed in strategic locations on the console. Controller connections are typically offered on the front of the console, while power and most other connections are usually found on the back to keep cables out of the way.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: Controllers have come in a variety of styles over the history of consoles. Some common types include:

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: A unit with a single knob or dial and usually one or two buttons. Turning the knob typically allows one to move an on-screen object along one axis (such as the paddle in a table tennis game), while the buttons can have additional features.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: A unit that has a long handle that can pivot freely along multiple directions along with one or more buttons. The unit senses the direction that the joystick is pushed, allowing for simultaneous movement in two directions within a game.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: A unit that contains a variety of buttons, triggers, and directional controls - either D-pads or analog sticks or both. These have become the most common type of controller since the third generation of console hardware, with designs becoming more detailed to give a larger array of buttons and directional controls to player's while maintaining ergonomic features.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: Numerous other controller types exist, including those that support motion controls, touchscreen support on handhelds and some consoles, and specialized controllers for specific types of games, such as racing wheels for racing games, light guns for shooting games, and musical instrument controllers for rhythm games. Some newer consoles also include optional support for mouse and keyboard devices.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: A controller may be attached through a wired connection onto the console itself, or in some unique cases like the Famicom hardwired to the console, or with a wireless connection. Controllers require power, either provided by the console via the wired connection, or from batteries or a rechargeable battery pack for wireless connections. Controllers are nominally built into a handheld unit, though some newer ones allow for separate wireless controllers to also be used.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: While the first game consoles were dedicated game systems, with the games programmed into the console's hardware, the Fairchild Channel F introduced the ability to store games in a form separate from the console's internal circuitry, thus allowing the consumer to purchase new games to play on the system. Since the Channel F, nearly all game consoles have featured the ability to purchase and swap games through some form, through those forms have changes with improvements in technology.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: Since the seventh generation of consoles, most consoles include integrated connectivity to the Internet and both internal and external storage for the console, allowing for players to acquire new games without game media. All three of Nintendo, Sony, and Microsoft offer an integrated storefront for consumers to purchase new games and download them to their console, retaining the consumers' purchases across different consoles, and offering sales and incentives at times.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: As Internet access speeds improved throughout the eighth generation of consoles, cloud gaming had gained further attention as a media format. Instead of downloading games, the consumer plays them directly from a cloud gaming service with inputs performed on the local console sent through the Internet to the server with the rendered graphics and audio sent back. Latency in network transmission remains a core limitation for cloud gaming at the present time.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: While magnetic storage, such as tape drives and floppy disks, had been popular for software distribution with early personal computers in the 1980s and 1990s, this format did not see much use in console system. There were some attempts, such as the Bally Astrocade and APF-M1000 using tape drives, as well as the Disk System for the Nintendo Famicom, and the Nintendo 64DD for the Nintendo 64, but these had limited applications, as magnetic media was more fragile and volatile than game cartridges.

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?


Video game console

Context: Consumers can often purchase a range of accessories for consoles outside of the above categories. These can include:

Question: 2019년 기준, 세상에서 가장 비싼 게임기는 무엇인가?