Booker T. Washington

Context: Julius Rosenwald (1862–1932) was another self-made wealthy man with whom Washington found common ground. By 1908 Rosenwald, son of an immigrant clothier, had become part-owner and president of Sears, Roebuck and Company in Chicago. Rosenwald was a philanthropist who was deeply concerned about the poor state of African-American education, especially in the segregated Southern states, where their schools were underfunded.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: In 1912 Rosenwald was asked to serve on the Board of Directors of Tuskegee Institute, a position he held for the remainder of his life. Rosenwald endowed Tuskegee so that Washington could spend less time fundraising and more managing the school. Later in 1912 Rosenwald provided funds to Tuskegee for a pilot program to build six new small schools in rural Alabama. They were designed, constructed and opened in 1913 and 1914, and overseen by Tuskegee architects and staff; the model proved successful.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: Washington's long-term adviser, Timothy Thomas Fortune (1856–1928), was a respected African-American economist and editor of "The New York Age", the most widely read newspaper in the black community within the United States. He was the ghost-writer and editor of Washington's first autobiography, "The Story of My Life and Work". Washington published five books during his lifetime with the aid of ghost-writers Timothy Fortune, Max Bennett Thrasher and Robert E. Park.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: In an effort to inspire the "commercial, agricultural, educational, and industrial advancement" of African Americans, Washington founded the National Negro Business League (NNBL) in 1900.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: At the time he was thought to have died of congestive heart failure, aggravated by overwork. In March 2006, his descendants permitted examination of medical records: these showed he had hypertension, with a blood pressure more than twice normal, and that he died of kidney failure brought on by high blood pressure.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: At Washington's death, Tuskegee's endowment was close to $2,000,000 (). Washington's greatest life's work, the education of blacks in the South, was well underway and expanding.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: For his contributions to American society, Washington was granted an honorary master's degree from Harvard University in 1896, followed by an honorary doctorate from Dartmouth College.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: At the center of Tuskegee University, the Booker T. Washington Monument was dedicated in 1922. Called "Lifting the Veil", the monument has an inscription reading:

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: In 1934 Robert Russa Moton, Washington's successor as president of Tuskegee University, arranged an air tour for two African-American aviators. Afterward the plane was renamed as the "Booker T. Washington".

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: On April 7, 1940, Washington became the first African American to be depicted on a United States postage stamp.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: In 1942, the liberty ship "Booker T. Washington" was named in his honor, the first major oceangoing vessel to be named after an African American. The ship was christened by noted singer Marian Anderson.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: In 1946, he was honored on the first coin to feature an African American, the Booker T. Washington Memorial half dollar, which was minted by the United States until 1951.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: On April 5, 1956, the hundredth anniversary of Washington's birth, the house where he was born in Franklin County, Virginia, was designated as the Booker T. Washington National Monument.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: A state park in Chattanooga, Tennessee, was named in his honor, as was a bridge spanning the Hampton River adjacent to his "alma mater", Hampton University.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: In 1984 Hampton University dedicated a Booker T. Washington Memorial on campus near the historic Emancipation Oak, establishing, in the words of the university, "a relationship between one of America's great educators and social activists, and the symbol of Black achievement in education".

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: Numerous high schools, middle schools and elementary schools across the United States have been named after Booker T. Washington.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: In 2000, West Virginia State University (WVSU; then West Va. State College), in cooperation with other organizations including the Booker T. Washington Association, established the Booker T. Washington Institute, to honor Washington's boyhood home, the old town of Malden, and Washington's ideals.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: On October 19, 2009, WVSU dedicated a monument to Booker T. Washington. The event took place at WVSU's Booker T. Washington Park in Malden, West Virginia. The monument also honors the families of African ancestry who lived in Old Malden in the early 20th century and who knew and encouraged Washington. Special guest speakers at the event included West Virginia Governor Joe Manchin III, Malden attorney Larry L. Rowe, and the president of WVSU. Musical selections were provided by the WVSU "Marching Swarm".

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: At the end of the 2008 presidential election, the defeated Republican candidate Senator John McCain recalled the stir caused a century before when President Theodore Roosevelt invited Booker T. Washington to the White House. McCain noted the evident progress in the country with the election of Democratic Senator Barack Obama as the first African-American President of the United States.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: The historiography on Booker T. Washington has varied dramatically. After his death, he came under heavy criticism in the civil rights community for accommodationism to white supremacy. However, since the late 20th century, a more balanced view of his very wide range of activities has appeared. As of 2010, the most recent studies, "defend and celebrate his accomplishments, legacy, and leadership".

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: By this time, Mississippi had passed a new constitution, and other southern states were following suit, or using electoral laws to raise barriers to voter registration; they completed disenfranchisement of blacks at the turn of the 20th century to maintain white supremacy. But at the same time, Washington secretly arranged to fund numerous legal challenges to such voting restrictions and segregation, which he believed was the way they had to be attacked.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: The social studies curriculum provided an opportunity for the uplift of African Americans at time when these opportunities were few and far between for black youth. The curriculum provided inspiration for African Americans to advance their standing in society, to change the view of southern whites toward the value of blacks, and ultimately, to advance racial equality.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: Washington took the lead in promoting educational uplift for the African Diaspora, often with funding from the Phelps Stokes Fund or in collaboration with foreign sources, such as the German government.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


Booker T. Washington

Context: Washington's last-born great-grandchild, Dr. Sarah Washington O'Neal Rush, is the founder of Booker T. Washington Empowerment Network, an organization created to carry on her great-grandfather's legacy of improving the lives of disadvantaged youth and their families.

Question: 부커 T. 워싱턴은 언제 두번째 부인과 결혼했나요?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: "SpongeBob SquarePants" has won a variety of awards including six Annie Awards, eight Golden Reel Awards, four Emmy Awards, 19 Kids' Choice Awards, and two BAFTA Children's Awards. A Broadway musical based on the series opened in 2017 to critical acclaim.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: The series features "sky flowers" as a main setting material. When series background designer Kenny Pittenger was asked what they were, he answered, "They function as clouds in a way, but since the show takes place underwater, they aren't really clouds. Because of the tiki influence on the show, the background painters use a lot of pattern." Pittenger said the sky flowers were meant to "evoke the look of a flower-print Hawaiian shirt".

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: An unseen figure called the French Narrator often introduces episodes and narrates the intertitles as if the series were a nature documentary about the ocean. His role and distinctive manner of speaking are references to the oceanographer Jacques Cousteau.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: Recurring guest characters appear throughout the series including: the retired superheroes Mermaid Man and Barnacle Boy, who are idolized by SpongeBob and Patrick; a pirate specter known as the Flying Dutchman; the muscular lifeguard of Goo Lagoon, Larry the Lobster; and the merman god of the sea, King Neptune.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: Special (generally half-hour or hour-long) episodes of the show are hosted by a live-action pirate named Patchy and his pet parrot Potty, whose segments are presented in a dual narrative with the animated stories. Patchy is portrayed as the president of a fictional "SpongeBob" fan club, and his greatest aspiration is to meet SpongeBob himself. Potty likes to make fun of Patchy's enthusiasm and causes trouble for him while he tries to host the show.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: While Hillenburg was there, his love of the ocean began to influence his artistry. He created a precursor to "SpongeBob SquarePants": a comic book titled "The Intertidal Zone" used by the institute to teach visiting students about the animal life of tide pools. The comic starred various anthropomorphic sea lifeforms, many of which would evolve into "SpongeBob SquarePants" characters. Hillenburg tried to get the comic professionally published, but none of the companies he sent it to were interested.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: A large inspiration to Hillenburg was Ween's 1997 album "The Mollusk", which had a nautical and underwater theme. Hillenburg contacted the band shortly after the album's release, explaining the baseline ideas for "SpongeBob SquarePants", and also requested a song from the band, which they sent on Christmas Eve. This song was "Loop de Loop", which was used in the episode "Your Shoe's Untied".

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: Derek Drymon, who served as creative director for the first three seasons, has said that Hillenburg wanted to surround himself with a "team of young and hungry people." Many of the major contributors to "SpongeBob SquarePants" had worked before with Hillenburg on "Rocko's Modern Life": this included: Drymon, art director Nick Jennings, supervising director Alan Smart, writer / voice actor Doug Lawrence (often credited as Mr. Lawrence), and Tim Hill, who helped develop the series bible.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: Jennings was also instrumental in "SpongeBob"s genesis. Kenny has called him "one of SpongeBob's early graphics mentors". On weekends, Kenny joined Hillenburg, Jennings, and Drymon for creative sessions where they recorded ideas on a tape recorder. Kenny performed audio tests as SpongeBob during these sessions, while Hillenburg voice acted the other characters.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: Hill contributed scripts for several first-season episodes (including the pilot) and was offered the role of story editor, but turned it down—he would go on to pursue a career as a family film director. In his stead, Pete Burns was brought in for the job. Burns hailed from Chicago and had never met any of the principal players on "SpongeBob" before joining the team.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: In an interview, Cyma Zarghami, then-president of Nickelodeon, said, "their [Nickelodeon executives'] immediate reaction was to see it again, both because they liked it and it was unlike anything they'd ever seen before". Zarghami was one of four executives in the room when "SpongeBob SquarePants" was screened for the first time.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: When the film was completed, Hillenburg intended it to be the series finale, "so [the show] wouldn't jump the shark." However, Nickelodeon wanted more episodes. Hillenburg appointed Paul Tibbitt, who had previously served on the show as a writer, director, and storyboard artist, to take over his role as showrunner to produce additional seasons. Hillenburg considered Tibbitt one of his favorite members of the show's crew, and "totally trusted him".

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: On December 13, 2014, it was announced that Hillenburg would return to the series in an unspecified position. On November 26, 2018, at the age of 57, Hillenburg died from complications from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which he had been diagnosed with in March 2017. Nickelodeon confirmed via Twitter the series would continue after his death. In February 2019, incoming president Brian Robbins vowed Nickelodeon would keep the show in production for as long as the network exists.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: As of the ninth season, former writers and storyboard directors Vincent Waller and Marc Ceccarelli act as showrunners.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: Almost every episode is divided into two 11-minute segments. Hillenburg explained: "[I] never really wanted to deliberately try to write a half-hour show". He added, "I wrote the shows to where they felt right".

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: "SpongeBob SquarePants" features the voices of: Tom Kenny, Bill Fagerbakke, Rodger Bumpass, Clancy Brown, Mr. Lawrence, Jill Talley, Carolyn Lawrence, Mary Jo Catlett, and Lori Alan. Most one-off and background characters are voiced by: Dee Bradley Baker, Sirena Irwin, Bob Joles, Mark Fite and Thomas F. Wilson.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: During the first season, the series used cel animation. A shift was made the following year to digital ink and paint animation. In 2009, executive producer Paul Tibbitt said: "The first season of "SpongeBob" was done the old-fashioned way on cells "[sic]", and every cell "sic" had to be part-painted, left to dry, paint some other colors. It's still a time-consuming aspect of the process now, but the digital way of doing things means it doesn't take long to correct".

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: A cover of the song by Avril Lavigne can be found on the SpongeBob SquarePants Movie soundtrack. Another cover by the Violent Femmes aired on Nickelodeon as a promotion when the series moved to prime time.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: Steve Belfer, one of Hillenburg's friends from CalArts, wrote and performed the music heard over the end credits. This theme includes ukulele music at Hillenburg's request. Drymon said, "It's so long ago, it's hard to be sure, but I remember Hillenburg having the Belfer music early on, maybe before the pilot".

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: Juenger noted "SpongeBob" could affect the ratings of other Nickelodeon programming because children often change channels to find their favorite programs, then stay tuned to that network. Nickelodeon reduced its exposure on television. In the first quarter of 2012, the network cut back on the number of episodes it aired by 16% compared to a year earlier.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: In July 2009, Madame Tussauds wax museum in New York launched a wax sculpture of SpongeBob in celebration of the series' 10th anniversary. SpongeBob became the first animated character sculpted entirely out of wax.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: A clip was posted to YouTube in February 2013 that features soldiers in the Russian army and navy singing the "SpongeBob SquarePants" theme song as they march. According to the website that uploaded the video, this is one of the "most popular marching songs" in the Russian military. The video garnered nearly 50,000 views within its first week.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: In April 2009, Burger King released a SpongeBob-themed advertisement featuring a parody of Sir Mix-a-Lot's song "Baby Got Back". The Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood protested the ad for being sexist and inappropriately sexual, especially considering SpongeBob's fan base includes young children. In official statements released by Burger King and Nickelodeon, both companies claimed the campaign was aimed at parents.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: Various media outlets including MSN, "The A.V. Club", and "Vulture" have reported that "SpongeBob"s popularity declined following the release of the 2004 film and Hillenburg's departure as showrunner. In 2012, MSN cited a post on "Encyclopedia SpongeBobia", a Fandom-hosted wiki, which said that many fans felt the series had "jumped the shark" following the release of "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie" and that online fansites were becoming "deserted."

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: Nickelodeon faced criticism from fans and former staff like Paul Tibbitt when the network greenlit spinoffs (see below) after the death of Hillenburg, who had previously expressed hesitation in deriving from the parent series. "The show is about SpongeBob, he's the core element, and it's about how he relates to the other characters," Hillenburg told "Television Business International". "Patrick by himself might be a bit too much. So I don't see any spin-offs."

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: On February 14, 2019, it was announced that a "SpongeBob SquarePants" spin-off is in development. On June 4, it was announced the spinoff will be titled "Kamp Koral". The plot will focus on a 10-year-old SpongeBob and his friends at the titular camp located in the Kelp Forest, where they spend the summer catching jellyfish, building campfires, and swimming in Lake Yuckymuck. It serves as a tie-in to the animated film "". It was confirmed production of the series began in June 2019.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: On February 19, 2020, it was announced that the series had an official title of "Kamp Koral: SpongeBob's Under Years", and would be premiering in July 2020. On July 30, 2020, it was announced that the series would be released on CBS All Access (now Paramount+), the ViacomCBS streaming service, in early 2021. On January 28, 2021, it was announced that the series would premiere on March 4, 2021.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: On August 10, 2020, it was reported that a Patrick Star talk show titled "The Patrick Star Show" was in development with a 13-episode order. The show is similar to other talk shows such as "The Larry Sanders Show" and "Comedy Bang! Bang!". The series premiered on Nickelodeon on July 9, 2021, with the series set to be available on Paramount+ later on.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: Originally, "SpongeBob SquarePants" was streaming on Netflix. However, the series was removed in 2013 due to their deal with Viacom not being renewed. The series was also available to stream on Hulu starting in 2012 until being removed in 2016. The series later streamed on Amazon Prime Video in 2013 after the Netflix deal ended. As part of the rebranding plan of Paramount+, the series joined along with other ViacomCBS shows on July 30, 2020.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: Currently, the first 6 seasons are available to be streamed on Prime Video and the first 12 seasons through Paramount+. The series is available to stream on Netflix in Canada.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: In the United Kingdom, Titan Magazines published comics based on "SpongeBob SquarePants" every four weeks from February 3, 2005, through November 28, 2013. Titan Magazines also teamed up with Lego to release a limited edition "SpongeBob"-themed comic.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: A sequel to the 2004 film, "", was released in theaters on February 6, 2015. The series' main cast members reprised their roles. The underwater parts are animated traditionally in the manner of the series—the live-action parts use CGI animation with the SpongeBob characters. The film has a budget similar to the previous film and cost less than $100 million to produce.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: In November 2019, a "music-based" Squidward project was reported to be in development for Netflix. In early March 2020, ViacomCBS announced that it would be producing two spin-off films based on the series for the streaming service.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: On August 24, 2021, Brian Robbins, CEO of Nickelodeon, has stated that a new "SpongeBob" film is "in the works." On February 15, 2022, it was announced that three character spinoff films were in the works for Paramount+, as well as a theatrical "SpongeBob" film. The first character spinoff film is set to be released in 2023.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: Collections of original music featured in the series have been released on the albums ' (2001), "SpongeBob's Greatest Hits" (2009), and ' (2005). The first two charted on the US "Billboard" 200, reaching number 171 and 122, respectively.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: A soundtrack album "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie – Music from the Movie and More...", featuring the film's score was released along with the feature-length film in November 2004. Various artists including the Flaming Lips, Wilco, Ween, Motörhead, the Shins, and Avril Lavigne contributed to the soundtrack that reached number 76 on the US "Billboard" 200.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: SpongeBob SquarePants appears at the Mall of America's Nickelodeon theme park re-branded from the Mall of America's Park at MOA, formerly Camp Snoopy, to Nickelodeon Universe in the Minneapolis-St. Paul suburb of Bloomington, Minnesota. The new theme park features a SpongeBob-themed Gerstlauer Euro-Fighter custom roller coaster. The SpongeBob SquarePants Rock Bottom Plunge, which opened March 15, 2008, has replaced the Mystery Mine Ride and Olde Time Photo store at the west end of the theme park.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: On May 23, 2015, an interactive 3D show titled "SpongeBob SubPants Adventure" opened in Texas at Moody Gardens. According to Moody Gardens President and CEO John Zendt, "Visitors will be able to interact with the Nickelodeon characters on a digital stage as they have never been able to do before."

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: "SpongeBob SquarePants" was adapted as a stage musical in 2016 by director Tina Landau. "SpongeBob SquarePants, The Broadway Musical" premiered in Chicago in 2016 and opened on Broadway at the Palace Theatre on December 4, 2017. The musical opened to critical acclaim, and tied for most-nominated production at the 2018 72nd Tony Awards with twelve Tony nominations.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: Build-A-Bear Workshop introduced the new "SpongeBob SquarePants" collection in stores and online in North America on May 17, 2013. Shoppers can dress their SpongeBob and Patrick plush in a variety of clothing and accessories. Sandy Cheeks and Gary the Snail are also available as pre-stuffed minis. Build-A-Bear Workshop stores nationwide celebrated the arrival of SpongeBob with a series of special events from May 17 through May 19.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: On July 13, 2013, Toyota, with Nickelodeon, unveiled a "SpongeBob"-inspired Toyota Highlander. The 2014 Toyota Highlander was launched on SpongeBob Day at the San Diego Padres v. Giants game. The "SpongeBob" Toyota Highlander visited seven U.S. locations during its release, including the Nickelodeon Suites Resort Orlando in Florida.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


SpongeBob SquarePants

Context: In April 2019, Nickelodeon released a series of toys adapted from various SpongeBob Internet memes. These included "Handsome Squidward", "Imaginaaation SpongeBob", "Mocking SpongeBob", "SpongeGar", and "Surprised Patrick". Shortly after the release of the line, most of the toys sold out on Amazon.com.

Question: 스폰지밥 케릭터를 디자인한 사람은 누구인가?


Park Geun-hye

Context: Park was the first woman to be elected president of South Korea, and also the first female president popularly elected as head of state in East Asia. She was also the first South Korean president to be born after the founding of South Korea. Her father, Park Chung-hee, was president from 1963 to 1979, serving five consecutive terms after he seized power in 1961.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: In 1953, Park's family moved to Seoul, where she graduated from Jangchung Elementary School and Sungshim (literal: Sacred Heart) Girls' Middle and High School in 1970, going on to receive a bachelor's degree in electronic engineering from Sogang University in 1974. She briefly studied at Joseph Fourier University in France, but left following the murder of her mother.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: Park received honorary doctoral degrees from the Chinese Culture University in Taiwan in 1987, Pukyong National University and KAIST in 2008, Sogang University in 2010, and TU Dresden in 2014.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: Park hoped to emulate her father's success by becoming the presidential nominee of the GNP. She eventually lost to Lee Myung-bak by a narrow margin. Lee had a commanding lead at the beginning of the primary season, but Park was able to narrow the gap through allegations of Lee's corruption. Park won the "party members' bid", but she lost the "national bid", which is a larger percentage of the total presidential bid.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: In 2011, as a response to the dwindling approval rating of the GNP, the party formed an emergency committee and changed its name to the "Saenuri" Party, or "New Frontier" Party. On 19 December, Park was appointed as the chairwoman of the emergency committee, the "de facto" leader of the party.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: In September 2011, Ahn Cheol-soo, a former venture IT businessman and the Dean of Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology at Seoul National University, emerged as a strong independent candidate for the presidency. In national presidential polls in September 2011, Ahn and Park closely competed for the status of frontrunner, with Park losing the top seat in some polls for the first time since 2008.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: In 2017, the National Intelligence Service (NIS) admitted that it had conducted an illicit campaign to influence the 2012 presidential election, mobilizing teams of experts in psychological warfare to ensure that Park defeated Moon.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: In a 2012 survey by Korean Research assessing the political stance of twelve potential presidential candidates of South Korea, Park was considered the most conservative candidate. Her conservative, market-oriented political stance was well reflected in her campaign pledge for 2008 presidential bid to cut taxes, reduce regulation, and establish strong law and order. Since 2009, however, Park started to focus more on welfare issues, advocating customized welfare services to the Korean people.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: After taking office, Park met with John Kerry and U.S. President Barack Obama. Park's trip to the United States in May 2013 was her first foreign trip after taking office.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: Like many of her predecessors, Park maintained a close relationship with the U.S., which has over 20,000 soldiers stationed in South Korea. During her visit to the U.S., she addressed a joint session of the U.S. Congress, where she called for a united front against any North Korean provocations. Park also called for a strong global relationship between South Korea and the United States.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: Park assessed the security situation on the Korean Peninsula and emphasized that deterrence capabilities were the most important factor for security. Thus, Park considered the American–South Korean alliance as the most successful one in the world. She hoped the American–South Korean relationship can be upgraded from a comprehensive strategic alliance to a global partnership.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: Park visited the United States on her first overseas trip as president. She traveled to Washington, D.C., New York City, and Los Angeles on 5–9 May 2013.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: During summit talks in May at the White House, Presidents Park and Obama adopted a joint declaration for the American-South Korean alliance and discussed ways to further develop the bilateral relations in a future-forward manner. Also, two leaders discussed ways to promote cooperation in building peace in the Northeast Asian region and strength the partnership between Seoul and Washington.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: The two leaders of South Korea and the United States agreed to adopt a joint statement on comprehensive energy cooperation to build a foundation for a future growth engine and establish a policy cooperation committee on information and communication technology. In addition, Park urged her U.S. counterpart to expand the annual U.S. visa quota for South Korean professionals in order to promote co-development of both economies.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: In particular, the "Joint declaration in commemoration of the 60th anniversary of the Alliance between the Republic of Korea and the United States of America" adopted by South Korea and the United States will become a meaningful document looking back at the past six decades of the alliance and spelling out a new direction for the development of bilateral relations over the coming decade.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: On 27–30 June 2013, Park visited China with a South Korean delegation, where she met with Xi Jinping, the Chinese president. During the meetings, Park explained the government's stance on North Korea and gained his support.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: Park announced her plan to build a "Creative Economy" on 5 June 2013, representing her vision for economic revival and job creation. In April, Park said "Timing is very important for our economic policy, jobs and livelihood mainly ordinary people should organize a supplementary budget in a timely manner." On 8 April 2014, Park signed the Australia–Korea Free Trade Agreement with Australia's Prime Minister Tony Abbott.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: On 18 May 2013, Park attended the 33rd anniversary of the Gwangju massacre, and expressed sorrow for the victims' family members.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: Park proposed three steps to North Korea to help move toward the reunification of the Korean Peninsula, on 28 March in Dresden during her state visit to Germany. She stated that "Starting with jointly managing rivers and forests running through the two Koreas, we need to expand joint projects that benefit both sides. In that respect, I hope North Korea will attend the UN Convention on Biological Diversity conference to be held in South Korean city of Pyeongchang in October."

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: In May 2014, Park warned that a new nuclear test by North Korea could lead to "a nuclear domino effect", that might provide its neighbors with a pretext to arm themselves with nuclear weapons.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: On 18 May 2014, Park announced South Korea's "plans to break up its coastguard" after failing to respond well during the MV "Sewol" ferry disaster. According to Park, "investigation and information roles would be transferred to the South Korea National Police while the rescue and salvage operation and ocean security roles would be transferred to the Department for National Safety, not to be confused with the Korean Ministry of Security and Public Administration, which will be newly established".

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: On 19 November 2014, the Korea Coast Guard and National Emergency Management Agency ceased control as the Ministry of Public Safety and Security was founded at the same day.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: On 26 May 2015, Park urged the head of the Asian Development Bank to cooperate with South Korea and the China-led Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank after South Korea had officially applied to join the Chinese-led Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank in late March 2015.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: In July 2013, public support for Park's method of governing state affairs reached up to 63 percent, higher than the percentage of the votes she had won in the presidential election, which was 52 percent. The Korean media suggested that such a high level of support came from Park's principled North Korea policy, constructive outcomes from visits to the United States and China, and distancing from internal political disputes.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: By January 2015, Park's approval rating had fallen to 30 percent, partly due to the sinking of MV "Sewol" and disputes with North Korea. By September 2015, Park's approval had increased to 54 percent due to her diplomacy that defused a military standoff with North Korea, but in the aftermath of her party's 2016 election loss, her ratings fell to 31.5 percent, plunging 8.1 percentage points compared to the week before the election.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: On 4 November 2016, Park's ratings fell to 4–5% as details of her relationship with Choi Soon-sil were investigated and exposed in what became the 2016 South Korean political scandal.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: Park was arrested on 31 March 2017, and held in pre-trial detention at the Seoul Detention Center in Uiwang, Gyeonggi Province. On 17 April 2017, Park was formally charged with abuse of power, bribery, coercion and leaking government secrets. Park denied the charges during five rounds of interrogation while in prison.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: Prosecutors sought a 30-year prison term for Park, along with a fine of ₩188.5 billion (). On 6 April 2018, a three-judge panel of the Central District Court in Seoul sentenced Park to 24 years in prison and a fine of ₩18 billion (), finding her guilty of 16 out of 18 charges brought before her.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: In June 2018, three former NIS directors (Lee Byung-kee, Lee Byung-ho, and Nam Jae-joon) who served in the Park administration were found guilty of bribing, related to the 2016 Park Geun-hye scandals. They illegally transferred money from the NIS budget to Park's presidential office. This illegally obtained money was used by Park and her associates for private use and to pay bribes. On 24 August 2018, Park's sentence was increased to 25 years in prison.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: In July 2020, an appellate court reduced Park's prison sentence to 20 years after a retrial, taking into account that she "received little personal benefit" from her offences, and Park was also cleared of charges of alleged extortion from conglomerates paying donations to foundations of Choi Soon-sil. In January 2021, South Korea's top court upheld the 20-year prison sentence, bringing an end to the legal process.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: On 24 December 2021, it was announced that Park would receive a pardon from South Korean President Moon Jae-in. In his pardon, President Moon cited Park's deteriorating health and the needs to “overcome unfortunate past history and promote national unity” as reasons for the pardon. On 31 December, she was released from prison, returning home three months later on 24 March 2022.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: Because Park inherited strong regional and generational support from her father, as well as the legacy of his economic success, Park's opponents used her father as criticism against her.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: Park has faced much scrutiny over an educational foundation, Jeongsoo Scholarship Foundation, formerly known as Buil (in reference to the stock it controls in the newspaper "Busan Ilbo"), which her father, and later she, headed. Its original owners claimed in court they were forced to turn it over to her father.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: Liberty Korea Party assemblyman Nam Kyung-pil criticized the Park-centered nature of the party, regarding its preparation for the 2012 presidential election, and stated, "If we keep seeing the same situation where Park Geun-hye gives a press conference before a general meeting of lawmakers is held, and what she says then gets decided on as the party's position, then the public is going to think democracy has disappeared from the party."

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: Park fired Yoon Chang-jung, a Blue House spokesman who was alleged by Washington police to have committed sexual assault against a young woman hired as an intern at the South Korean Embassy in Washington during Park's first visit to the United States.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: Whether or not the election meddling of the NIS by way of online posts has actually affected the outcome of the presidential election is controversial. However, the false announcement by Kim Yong-pan, then chief of the SMPA, has appeared to do so. Had the police announced honestly, 14% of the electorate who voted for Park said they would have voted for Moon Jae-In, the first runner-up of the election.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: Park has been criticized for holding press conferences with questions and answers submitted in advance. By 11 January 2015, she had held four press conferences since taking office in February 2013. Among the four press conferences, three of them were public speeches without questions and answers. Even in the remaining press conference, the questions were submitted in advance and she read prepared answers. Her opponents labeled her as "No communication" (불통, "Bultong").

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: In the wake of the April 2014 capsizing of the Sewol ferry, public outcry arose over the government's handling of the situation. In response, the Park administration established a commission to monitor and prosecute social media critics of Park.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: Tatsuya Kato, Japanese journalist who was a Seoul Bureau chief of South Korea at "Sankei Shimbun" was indicted on charges of defamation for reporting the relationship between Park and Choi Soon-sil's husband, Chung Yoon-hoi, by the Supreme Prosecutors' Office of the Republic of Korea after the MV "Sewol" sank.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: In 2015, Park reached an agreement with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe regarding the comfort women issue. Japan apologized to former comfort women and provided 1 billion yen ($8.8 million) towards an assistance fund as terms of the agreement. The two governments agreed that the issue would be “irreversibly resolved”. However, in 2017, Park's successor, President Moon Jae-in, stated that the deal was seriously flawed and unilaterally terminated it.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: The National Assembly instead filed a motion for impeachment, which was put to a vote on 9 December 2016 and passed with 234 supporters. Due to the ratification of her impeachment proposal, her presidential powers and duties were suspended, and Prime Minister Hwang Kyo-ahn assumed those powers and duties as acting president.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Park Geun-hye

Context: Park was finally ousted from office by the Constitutional Court on 10 March 2017. The decision was unanimous, 8–0 in favour of the impeachment, as announced shortly thereafter. On 26 March 2017, South Korean prosecutors announced they were seeking an arrest warrant against Park. This warrant was granted by the Seoul Central District Court on 31 March 2017 and Park was arrested later that day, and was later sentenced to 25 years in prison.

Question: 박근혜 출생일은 언젠가요?


Samsung Galaxy (original)

Context: Software-wise, the Galaxy offers a suite of Mobile Google services, including Google Search, Gmail, YouTube, Google Calendar, and Google Talk. The phone's GPS enables Google Maps features such as My Location, and Google Latitude. It also supports MP3, AAC (including iTunes Plus downloads) (only the codec, not the .aac format), and H.264 video. A beta version of the Spotify music streaming service is also now available for this phone via the Android Marketplace.

Question: 삼성은 몇 년도에 최초의 스마트폰을 출시했는가?


Samsung Galaxy (original)

Context: For some countries, Samsung updated the Galaxy's firmware to Donut (1.6). Users from other countries could download and update manually, at the risk of voiding the warranty.

Question: 삼성은 몇 년도에 최초의 스마트폰을 출시했는가?


City of Greater New York

Context: In the years leading up to consolidation, the City of Brooklyn had expanded by annexing all of the other towns and cities in Kings County. Only the western part of Queens County was part of the consolidation plan. In 1899, its three eastern towns separated to form the new Nassau County.

Question: 뉴욕의 자치구들은 언제 뉴욕에 합병되었나요?


City of Greater New York

Context: Since the late 1820s, there had been some discussion of a unified city. In 1857, the New York State legislature resolved that the region surrounding New York City should become one body, to improve harbor facilities and link the systems of trade. They attempted to do so by government vote, but distrust of large projects killed the plans.

Question: 뉴욕의 자치구들은 언제 뉴욕에 합병되었나요?


City of Greater New York

Context: The consolidation movement was the work of local, city, and state politicians, most prominently Andrew Haswell Green, the president of the "Greater New-York Commission" and "The Father of Greater New York". Green was a member of the Board of Commissioners of Central Park, which provided him a platform to push his views.

Question: 뉴욕의 자치구들은 언제 뉴욕에 합병되었나요?


City of Greater New York

Context: The plan required a referendum in all affected areas, though the organizers of the referendum clearly had a bias towards the consolidation. They even released a full page advertisement in "The New York Times" before the vote took place, urging them to vote "For Consolidation". An argument for consolidation was that the unconsolidated city would soon be surpassed by Chicago as the most populous city in the United States.

Question: 뉴욕의 자치구들은 언제 뉴욕에 합병되었나요?


City of Greater New York

Context: The term "City of Greater New York" was never a legal or official designation; both the original charter of 1898 and the newer one of 1938 use the name of "City of New York". It is used today only to refer to the time period when the consolidation took place.

Question: 뉴욕의 자치구들은 언제 뉴욕에 합병되었나요?


City of Greater New York

Context: Each consolidated county remained a county in relation to the state, but also became a borough within the city. The Bronx reunited to form a fifth borough that shared New York County with Manhattan. A separate Bronx County was established in 1914, making the present New York County co-extensive with the Borough (but not the island) of Manhattan.

Question: 뉴욕의 자치구들은 언제 뉴욕에 합병되었나요?


City of Greater New York

Context: On December 14, 1894, the State Board of Canvassers released the official tally of the referenda, along with other races. The options listed on the ballot were "For Consolidation" and "Against Consolidation". The "New York Times" reported the results:

Question: 뉴욕의 자치구들은 언제 뉴욕에 합병되었나요?


City of Greater New York

Context: Since the enlarged city contained the majority of the state of New York's population, and the enlargement increased the city's already enormous power within the state, the state legislature established certain oversight powers within the city. For example, some issues of taxation and changes in governmental procedures require state approval or granting of specific home rule powers.

Question: 뉴욕의 자치구들은 언제 뉴욕에 합병되었나요?


City of Greater New York

Context: Conversely, the State Constitution was amended to provide that no city could elect the majority of the State Assembly, a provision later struck down by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1964 as violating the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The New York City Board of Estimate, created in the consolidation charter with equal votes for each borough, was struck down on similar grounds in 1989.

Question: 뉴욕의 자치구들은 언제 뉴욕에 합병되었나요?


The Coca-Cola Company

Context: The company's 2009 bid to buy Chinese juice maker Huiyuan Juice Group ended when China rejected its $2.4 billion bid, on the grounds the resulting company would be a virtual monopoly. Nationalism was also thought to be a reason for aborting the deal.

Question: 2018년 일본에서 가장 많이 판매된 음료수는 무엇인가?


The Coca-Cola Company

Context: Since the 1980s, the company has actively encouraged the consolidation of bottlers, with the company often owning a share of these "anchor bottlers."

Question: 2018년 일본에서 가장 많이 판매된 음료수는 무엇인가?


The Coca-Cola Company

Context: In the United States, the company bypasses bottlers by manufacturing and selling fountain syrups directly to authorized fountain wholesalers and some fountain retailers.

Question: 2018년 일본에서 가장 많이 판매된 음료수는 무엇인가?


The Coca-Cola Company

Context: In February 2021, recordings of an employee training course were leaked on social media. The course instructed employees to "be less white", which the course equated with being less "arrogant" and "oppressive."

Question: 2018년 일본에서 가장 많이 판매된 음료수는 무엇인가?


The Coca-Cola Company

Context: Fan engagement spans 86 million globally across social media channels: online interaction, and social, cultural, or sporting events.

Question: 2018년 일본에서 가장 많이 판매된 음료수는 무엇인가?


The Coca-Cola Company

Context: In 1969, the company released Simba, which was a take on Mountain Dew, and had packaging that was African desert-themed, replete with an African Lion as the symbol of the brand. The tagline was "Simba – It Conquers the African Thirst."

Question: 2018년 일본에서 가장 많이 판매된 음료수는 무엇인가?


The Coca-Cola Company

Context: Also in 1969, the company released a line of products under the name of Santiba, which was targeted for mixing cocktails and party usage, products including Quinine water and Ginger Ale. Like the above-mentioned Simba, the Santiba line of products was short-lived in the marketplace.

Question: 2018년 일본에서 가장 많이 판매된 음료수는 무엇인가?


The Coca-Cola Company

Context: The company announced a new "negative calorie" green tea drink, Enviga, in 2006, along with trying coffee retail concepts Far Coast and Chaqwa.

Question: 2018년 일본에서 가장 많이 판매된 음료수는 무엇인가?


The Coca-Cola Company

Context: The company sponsored the popular Fox singing-competition series "American Idol" from 2002 until 2014.

Question: 2018년 일본에서 가장 많이 판매된 음료수는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: Wikipedia began with its first edit on 15 January 2001, two days after the domain was registered by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger. Its technological and conceptual underpinnings predate this; the earliest known proposal for an online encyclopedia was made by Rick Gates in 1993, and the concept of a free-as-in-freedom online encyclopedia (as distinct from mere open source) was proposed by Richard Stallman in 1998.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: Wikipedia's worldwide monthly readership in 2014 was approximately 495 million. Worldwide in September 2018, WMF Labs tallied 15.5 billion page views for the month. According to comScore, Wikipedia receives over 117 million monthly unique visitors from the United States alone.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: Wales stated in December 2008 that he made Wikipedia's first edit, a test edit with the text "Hello, World!", but this edit may have been to an old version of Wikipedia which soon after was scrapped and replaced by a restart. The existence of the project was formally announced and an appeal for volunteers to engage in content creation was made to the Nupedia mailing list on 17 January 2001.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: The project gained its 1,000th article around Monday 12 February 2001, and reached 10,000 articles around 7 September. In the first year of its existence, over 20,000 encyclopedia entries were created – a rate of over 1,500 articles per month. On Friday 30 August 2002, the article count reached 40,000.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: Wikipedia's earliest edits were long believed lost, since the original UseModWiki software deleted old data after about a month. On Tuesday 14 December 2010, developer Tim Starling found backups on SourceForge containing every change made to Wikipedia from its creation in January 2001 to 17 August 2001. It showed the first edit as being to HomePage on 15 January 2001, reading "This is the new WikiPedia!". That edit was imported in 2019 and can be found .

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: In January 2002, 90% of all Wikipedia articles were in English. By January 2004, fewer than 50% were English, and this internationalization has continued to increase as the encyclopedia grows. , about 85.5% of all Wikipedia articles are contained within non-English Wikipedia versions.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: In March 2002, following the withdrawal of funding by Bomis during the dot-com bust, Larry Sanger left both Nupedia and Wikipedia. By 2002, Sanger and Wales differed in their views on how best to manage open encyclopedias. Both still supported the open-collaboration concept, but the two disagreed on how to handle disruptive editors, specific roles for experts, and the best way to guide the project to success.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: Wales went on to establish self-governance and bottom-up self-direction by editors on Wikipedia. He made it clear that he would not be involved in the community's day-to-day management, but would encourage it to learn to self-manage and find its own best approaches. , Wales mostly restricts his own role to occasional input on serious matters, executive activity, advocacy of knowledge, and encouragement of similar reference projects.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: Old, even obsolete, encyclopedia articles are higly valuable for historical research. For each Wikipedia article, past versions are accessible on "View history" link, on top of page. In addition, ZIM File Archive, at Internet Archive, contains past snapshots of full Wikipedia, as well as articles selections, in multiple languages, from different years. They can be open with Kiwix software.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: Between 2007 and 2011, three CD/DVD versions (called Wikipedia Version , and ) containing a selection of articles from English Wikipedia were released. They are now available as Kiwix ZIM files, both from ZIM File Archive, and from Kiwix download site.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: In March 2000, the Nupedia project was started. Its intention was to publish articles written by experts which would be licensed as free content. Nupedia was founded by Jimmy Wales, with Larry Sanger as editor-in-chief, and funded by the web-advertising company Bomis.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: The September 11 attacks spurred the appearance of breaking news stories on the homepage, as well as information boxes linking related articles. At the time, approximately 100 articles related to 9/11 had been created. After the September 11 attacks, a link to the Wikipedia article on the attacks appeared on Yahoo!'s home page, resulting in a spike in traffic.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: The English Wikipedia passed 100,000 articles in 2003, while the next largest edition, the German Wikipedia, passed 10,000. The Wikimedia Foundation was established, and Wikipedia adopted its jigsaw world logo. Mathematical formulae using TeX were reintroduced to the website. The took place in Munich, Germany, in October. The basic principles of Wikipedia's (known colloquially as "ArbCom") were developed.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: "Bourgeois v. Peters", (11th Cir. 2004), a court case decided by the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit was one of the earliest . It stated: "We also reject the notion that the Department of Homeland Security's threat advisory level somehow justifies these searches. Although the threat level was 'elevated' at the time of the protest, 'to date, the threat level has stood at yellow (elevated) for the majority of its time in existence. It has been raised to orange (high) six times."

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: Wikimedia Commons was created on 7 September 2004 to host media files for Wikipedia in all languages.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: In 2005, Wikipedia became the most popular reference website on the Internet, according to Hitwise, with the English Wikipedia alone exceeding 750,000 articles. Wikipedia's first multilingual and subject portals were established in 2005. A formal fundraiser held in the first quarter of the year raised almost US$100,000 for system upgrades to handle growing demand. China again blocked Wikipedia in October 2005.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: Wikimania 2005, the first Wikimania conference, was held from 4 to 8 August 2005 at the "Haus der Jugend" in Frankfurt, Germany, attracting about 380 attendees.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: Jimmy Wales indicated at Wikimania 2006 that Wikipedia had achieved sufficient volume and called for an emphasis on quality, perhaps best expressed in the call for . A new privilege, "oversight", was created, allowing specific versions of archived pages with unacceptable content to be marked as non-viewable. Semi-protection against anonymous vandalism, introduced in 2005, proved more popular than expected, with over 1,000 pages being semi-protected at any given time in 2006.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: According to the "MIT Technology Review", the number of regularly active editors on the English-language Wikipedia peaked in 2007 at more than 51,000, and has since been declining.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: Various in many areas continued to expand and refine article contents within their scope. In April 2008, the 10-millionth Wikipedia article was created, and by the end of the year the English Wikipedia exceeded 2.5 million articles.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: On 25 June 2009 at 3:15 pm PDT (22:15 UTC), following the death of pop icon Michael Jackson, the website temporarily crashed.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: On 24 March, the European Wikipedia servers went offline due to an overheating problem. Failover to servers in Florida turned out to be broken, causing DNS resolution for Wikipedia to fail across the world. The problem was resolved quickly, but due to DNS caching effects, some areas were slower to regain access to Wikipedia than others.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: On 13 May, the site released a new interface. New features included an updated logo, new navigation tools, and a link wizard. However, the classic interface remained available for those who wished to use it. On 12 December, the English Wikipedia passed the 3.5-million-article mark, while the French Wikipedia's millionth article was created on 21 September. The 1-billionth Wikimedia project edit was performed on 16 April.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: The "Wikimania 2011 – Haifa, Israel" stamp was issued by Israel Post on 2 August 2011. This was the first-ever stamp dedicated to a Wikimedia-related project.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: Between 4 and 6 October 2011, the Italian Wikipedia became intentionally inaccessible in protest against the Italian Parliament's proposed DDL intercettazioni law, which, if approved, would allow any person to force websites to remove information that is perceived as untrue or offensive, without the need to provide evidence.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: Also in October 2011, Wikimedia announced the launch of Wikipedia Zero, an initiative to enable free mobile access to Wikipedia in developing countries through partnerships with mobile operators.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: In late March 2012, the announced Wikidata, a universal platform for sharing data between all Wikipedia language editions. The US$1.7-million Wikidata project was partly funded by Google, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence. Wikimedia Deutschland assumed responsibility for the first phase of Wikidata, and initially planned to make the platform available to editors by December 2012. Wikidata's first phase became fully operational in March 2013.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: In April 2012, Justin Knapp became the first single contributor to make over one million edits to Wikipedia. Jimmy Wales congratulated Knapp for his work and presented him with the site's "Special Barnstar" medal and the "Golden Wiki" award for his achievement. Wales also declared that 20 April would be "Justin Knapp Day".

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: On 13 July 2012, the English Wikipedia gained its 4-millionth article, Izbat al-Burj. In October 2012, historian and Wikipedia editor Richard J. Jensen opined that the English Wikipedia was "nearing completion", noting that the number of regularly active editors had fallen significantly since 2007, despite Wikipedia's rapid growth in article count and readership.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: According to Alexa Internet, Wikipedia was the world's sixth-most-popular website as of November 2012. Dow Jones ranked Wikipedia fifth worldwide as of December 2012.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: On 22 January 2013, the Italian Wikipedia became the fifth language edition of Wikipedia to exceed 1 million articles, while the Russian and Spanish Wikipedias gained their millionth articles on 11 and 16 May respectively. On 15 July the Swedish and on 24 September the Polish Wikipedias gained their millionth articles, becoming the eighth and ninth Wikipedia editions to do so.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: On 27 January, the main belt asteroid 274301 was officially renamed "Wikipedia" by the Committee for Small Body Nomenclature.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: The first phase of the Wikidata database, automatically providing interlanguage links and other data, became available for all language editions in March 2013.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: In April 2013, the French secret service was accused of attempting to censor Wikipedia by threatening a Wikipedia volunteer with arrest unless "classified information" about a military radio station was deleted.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: In July, the VisualEditor editing system was launched, forming the first stage of an effort to allow articles to be edited with a word processor-like interface instead of using wiki markup. An editor specifically designed for smartphones and other mobile devices was also launched.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: In February 2014, a project to make a print edition of the English Wikipedia, consisting of 1,000 volumes and over 1,100,000 pages, was launched by German Wikipedia contributors. The project sought funding through Indiegogo, and was intended to honor the contributions of Wikipedia's editors. On 22 October 2014, the first monument to Wikipedia was unveiled in the Polish town of Slubice.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: On 8 June, 15 June, and 16 July 2014, the Waray Wikipedia, the Vietnamese Wikipedia and the Cebuano Wikipedia each exceeded the one million article mark. They were the tenth, eleventh and twelfth Wikipedias to reach that milestone. Despite having very few active users, the Waray and Cebuano Wikipedias had a high number of automatically generated articles created by bots.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: "Print Wikipedia" was an art project by Michael Mandiberg that created the ability to print 7473 volumes of Wikipedia as it existed on 7 April 2015. Each volume has 700 pages and only 110 were printed by the artist.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: On 1 November 2015, the English Wikipedia reached 5,000,000 articles with the creation of an article on "Persoonia terminalis", a type of shrub.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: On 19 January 2016, the Japanese Wikipedia exceeded the one million article mark, becoming the thirteenth Wikipedia to reach that milestone. The millionth article was (a World War II submarine of the Imperial Japanese Navy).

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: In mid-2016, Wikipedia was once again the world's sixth-most-popular website according to Alexa Internet, up one place from the position it held in the previous year.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: In mid-2017, Wikipedia was listed as the world's fifth-most-popular website according to Alexa Internet, rising one place from the position it held in the previous year. Wikipedia Zero was made available in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: On 29 April 2017, online access to Wikipedia was blocked across all language editions in Turkey by the Turkish authorities. This block lasted until 15 January 2020, as the court of Turkey ruled that the block violated human rights. The encrypted Japanese Wikipedia has been blocked in China since 28 December 2017.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: During 2018, Wikipedia retained its listing as the world's fifth-most-popular website according to Alexa Internet. One notable development was the use of Artificial Intelligence to create draft articles on overlooked topics.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: On 13 April 2018, the number of Chinese Wikipedia articles exceeded 1 million, becoming the fourteenth Wikipedia to reach that milestone. The Chinese Wikipedia has been blocked in Mainland China since May 2015. Later in the year, on 26 June, the Portuguese Wikipedia exceeded the one million article mark, becoming the fifteenth Wikipedia to reach that milestone. The millionth article was "" (the Pardon of Richard Nixon).

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: In August 2019, according to Alexa.com, Wikipedia fell from fifth placed to seventh placed website in the world for global internet engagement.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: On 23 April 2019, Chinese authorities expanded the block of Wikipedia to versions in all languages. The timing of the block coincided with the 30th anniversary of the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre and the 100th anniversary of the May Fourth Movement, resulting in stricter internet censorship in China.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: MIT Press published an open access book of essays "Wikipedia @ 20: Stories of an Unfinished Revolution", edited by Joseph Reagle and Jackie Koerner with contributions from prominent Wikipedians, Wikimedians, researchers, journalists, librarians and other experts reflecting on particular histories and themes.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: By November 2021, Wikipedia had fallen to the thirteenth placed website in the world for global internet engagement.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: "The software that runs Wikipedia, and the computer hardware, server farms and other systems upon which Wikipedia relies."

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: "The external face of Wikipedia, its look and feel, and the Wikipedia branding, as presented to users."

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: * The (a MediaWiki extension to assist detection of abuse via internet sock-puppetry) was established in November 2005. Checkuser function had previously existed, but was viewed more as a system tool at the time, so there had been no need for a policy covering use on a more routine basis.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: *Creation of new pages on the English Wikipedia was restricted to editors who had created a user account.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: * The introduction and rapid adoption of the policy , giving a far tighter quality control and fact-check system to biographical articles related to living people.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: * The "semi-protection" function and policy, allowing pages to be protected so that only those with an account could edit.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: "Legal and organizational structure of the Wikimedia Foundation, its executive, and its activities as a foundation."

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: Every year, the Wikimedia Foundation runs fundraising campaigns on Wikipedia to support its operations. These generally last about a month and happen at different times of the year in different countries. In addition to the fundraising banners on Wikipedia itself, there are also email campaigns; some emails invite people to leave the Wikimedia Foundation money in their wills.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: Revenue has risen every year of the Wikimedia Foundation's existence, reaching in 2020/2021, versus expenses of :

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: In addition, the Wikimedia Endowment, an organizationally separate fundraising effort begun in 2016, reached $100 million in 2021, five years sooner than planned.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: Because Wikipedia biographies are often updated as soon as new information comes to light, they are often used as a reference source on the lives of . This has led to attempts to manipulate and falsify Wikipedia articles for promotional or defamatory purposes (see Controversies). It has also led to novel uses of the biographical material provided. Some notable people's lives are being affected by their Wikipedia biography.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: As of March 2007: Wales emphasized this employer–employee relationship and his ultimate authority, terming himself Wikipedia's sole founder; and Sanger emphasized their statuses as co-founders, referencing earlier versions of Wikipedia pages (2004, 2006), press releases (2002–2004), and media coverage from the time of his involvement routinely terming them in this manner.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: The goals which led to GNUpedia were published at least as early as 18 December 2000, and these exact goals were finalized on the 12th and 13th of January 2001, albeit with a copyright of 1999, from when Stallman had first started considering the problem. The only sentence added between 18 December and the unveiling of GNUpedia the week of 12–16 January was this: "The GNU Free Documentation License would be a good license to use for courses."

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: In a separate but similar incident, the campaign manager for Cathy Cox, Morton Brilliant, resigned after being found to have added negative information to the Wikipedia entries of political opponents. Following media publicity, the incidents tapered off around August 2006.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: There are a number of . Other sites also use the MediaWiki software and concept, popularized by Wikipedia. No list of them is maintained.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: Specialized foreign language forks using the Wikipedia concept include Enciclopedia Libre (Spanish), "Wikiweise" (German), WikiZnanie (Russian), Susning.nu (Swedish), and Baidu Baike (Chinese). Some of these (such as "Enciclopedia Libre") use GFDL or compatible licenses as used by Wikipedia, leading to exchange of material with their respective language Wikipedias.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: In 2006, Larry Sanger founded Citizendium, based upon a modified version of MediaWiki. The site said it aimed 'to improve on the Wikipedia model with "gentle expert oversight", among other things'. (See also Nupedia).

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: In September 2008, Bertelsmann published a 1000 pages volume with a selection of popular German Wikipedia articles. Bertelsmann paid voluntarily 1 Euro per sold copy to Wikimedia Deutschland.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: A free software project has also been launched to make a static version of English Wikipedia available for use on iPods. The "Encyclopodia" project was started around March 2006 and can currently be used on 1st to 4th generation iPods.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: Also, in 2009 and 2011 respectively, Wikipedia versions 0.7 and 0.8 were released, containing tens of thousands of selected articles. As of June 2022, there have been no more article selection releases.

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


History of Wikipedia

Context: "Wikipedia's project files contain a large quantity of reference and archive material. Useful internal resources on Wikipedia history include:"

Question: 위키피디아에 처음 등록된 페이지는 무엇인가?


Cloud

Context: The origin of the term "cloud" can be found in the Old English words "clud" or "clod", meaning a hill or a mass of stone. Around the beginning of the 13th century, the word came to be used as a metaphor for rain clouds, because of the similarity in appearance between a mass of rock and cumulus heap cloud. Over time, the metaphoric usage of the word supplanted the Old English "", which had been the literal term for clouds in general.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: After centuries of speculative theories about the formation and behavior of clouds, the first truly scientific studies were undertaken by Luke Howard in England and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck in France. Howard was a methodical observer with a strong grounding in the Latin language, and used his background to formally classify the various tropospheric cloud types during 1802. He believed that scientific observations of the changing cloud forms in the sky could unlock the key to weather forecasting.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: One agent is the convective upward motion of air caused by daytime solar heating at surface level. Airmass instability allows for the formation of cumuliform clouds that can produce showers if the air is sufficiently moist. On moderately rare occasions, convective lift can be powerful enough to penetrate the tropopause and push the cloud top into the stratosphere.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: A third source of lift is wind circulation forcing air over a physical barrier such as a mountain (orographic lift). If the air is generally stable, nothing more than lenticular cap clouds form. However, if the air becomes sufficiently moist and unstable, orographic showers or thunderstorms may appear.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Along with adiabatic cooling that requires a lifting agent, three major nonadiabatic mechanisms exist for lowering the temperature of the air to its dew point. Conductive, radiational, and evaporative cooling require no lifting mechanism and can cause condensation at surface level resulting in the formation of fog.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Several main sources of water vapor can be added to the air as a way of achieving saturation without any cooling process: evaporation from surface water or moist ground, precipitation or virga, and transpiration from plants.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Tropospheric classification is based on a hierarchy of categories with physical forms and altitude levels at the top. These are cross-classified into a total of ten genus types, most of which can be divided into species and further subdivided into varieties which are at the bottom of the hierarchy.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Clouds in the troposphere assume five physical forms based on structure and process of formation. These forms are commonly used for the purpose of satellite analysis. They are given below in approximate ascending order of instability or convective activity.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Cirriform clouds in the troposphere are of the genus cirrus and have the appearance of detached or semimerged filaments. They form at high tropospheric altitudes in air that is mostly stable with little or no convective activity, although denser patches may occasionally show buildups caused by "limited" high-level convection where the air is partly "unstable". Clouds resembling cirrus, cirrostratus, and cirrocumulus can be found above the troposphere but are classified separately using common names.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: The largest free-convective clouds comprise the genus cumulonimbus, which has a towering vertical extent. They occur in highly unstable air and often have fuzzy outlines at the upper parts of the clouds that sometimes include anvil tops. These clouds are the product of very strong convection that can penetrate the lower stratosphere.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Tropospheric clouds form in any of three levels (formerly called "étages") based on altitude range above the Earth's surface. The grouping of clouds into levels is commonly done for the purposes of cloud atlases, surface weather observations, and weather maps. The base-height range for each level varies depending on the latitudinal geographical zone. Each altitude level comprises two or three genus-types differentiated mainly by physical form.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: The standard levels and genus-types are summarised below in approximate descending order of the altitude at which each is normally based. Multi-level clouds with significant vertical extent are separately listed and summarized in approximate ascending order of instability or convective activity.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: These are mostly fibrous wisps of delicate, white, cirriform, ice crystal clouds that show up clearly against the blue sky. Cirrus are generally non-convective except castellanus and floccus subtypes which show limited convection. They often form along a high altitude jetstream and at the very leading edge of a frontal or low-pressure disturbance where they may merge into cirrostratus. This high-level cloud genus does not produce precipitation.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: This is a pure white high stratocumuliform layer of limited convection. It is composed of ice crystals or supercooled water droplets appearing as small unshaded round masses or flakes in groups or lines with ripples like sand on a beach. Cirrocumulus occasionally forms alongside cirrus and may be accompanied or replaced by cirrostratus clouds near the leading edge of an active weather system. This genus-type occasionally produces virga, precipitation that evaporates below the base of the cloud.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Cirrostratus is a thin nonconvective stratiform ice crystal veil that typically gives rise to halos caused by refraction of the sun's rays. The sun and moon are visible in clear outline. Cirrostratus does not produce precipitation, but often thickens into altostratus ahead of a warm front or low-pressure area, which sometimes does.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: This is a midlevel cloud layer of limited convection that is usually appears in the form of irregular patches or more extensive sheets arranged in groups, lines, or waves. Altocumulus may occasionally resemble cirrocumulus, but is usually thicker and composed of a mix of water droplets and ice crystals, so the bases show at least some light-grey shading. Altocumulus can produce virga, very light precipitation that evaporates before reaching the ground.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Altostratus is a midlevel opaque or translucent nonconvective veil of grey/blue-grey cloud that often forms along warm fronts and around low-pressure areas. Altostratus is usually composed of water droplets, but may be mixed with ice crystals at higher altitudes. Widespread opaque altostratus can produce light continuous or intermittent precipitation.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Low clouds are found from near the surface up to . Genus types in this level either have no prefix or carry one that refers to a characteristic other than altitude. Clouds that form in the low level of the troposphere are generally of larger structure than those that form in the middle and high levels, so they can usually be identified by their forms and genus types using satellite photography alone.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: This genus type is a stratocumuliform cloud layer of limited convection, usually in the form of irregular patches or more extensive sheets similar to altocumulus but having larger elements with deeper-gray shading. Stratocumulus is often present during wet weather originating from other rain clouds, but can only produce very light precipitation on its own.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: These are small detached fair-weather cumuliform clouds that have nearly horizontal bases and flattened tops, and do not produce rain showers.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: This is a flat or sometimes ragged nonconvective stratiform type that sometimes resembles elevated fog. Only very weak precipitation can fall from this cloud, usually drizzle or snow grains. When a very low stratus cloud subsides to surface level, it loses its Latin terminology and is given the common name fog if the prevailing surface visibility is less than 1 km. If the visibility is 1 km or higher, the visible condensation is termed mist.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: These clouds have low- to mid-level bases that form anywhere from near the surface to about and tops that can extend into the mid-altitude range and sometimes higher in the case of nimbostratus.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: These very large cumuliform and cumulonimbiform types have cloud bases in the same low- to mid-level range as the multi-level and moderate vertical types, but the tops nearly always extend into the high levels. Unlike less vertically developed clouds, they are required to be identified by their standard names or abbreviations in all aviation observations (METARS) and forecasts (TAFS) to warn pilots of possible severe weather and turbulence.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Increasing airmass instability can cause free-convective cumulus to grow very tall to the extent that the vertical height from base to top is greater than the base-width of the cloud. The cloud base takes on a darker grey coloration and the top commonly resembles a cauliflower. This cloud type can produce moderate to heavy showers and is designated "Towering cumulus" (Tcu) by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Cirriform clouds have three non-convective species that can form in "stable" airmass conditions. Cirrus fibratus comprise filaments that may be straight, wavy, or occasionally twisted by wind shear. The species "uncinus" is similar but has upturned hooks at the ends. Cirrus "spissatus" appear as opaque patches that can show light grey shading.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: With highly unstable atmospheric conditions, large cumulus may continue to grow into even more strongly convective cumulonimbus "calvus" (essentially a very tall congestus cloud that produces thunder), then ultimately into the species "capillatus" when supercooled water droplets at the top of the cloud turn into ice crystals giving it a cirriform appearance.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Genus and species types are further subdivided into "varieties" whose names can appear after the species name to provide a fuller description of a cloud. Some cloud varieties are not restricted to a specific altitude level or form, and can therefore be common to more than one genus or species.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: It is possible for some species to show combined varieties at one time, especially if one variety is opacity-based and the other is pattern-based. An example of this would be a layer of altocumulus stratiformis arranged in seemingly converging rows separated by small breaks. The full technical name of a cloud in this configuration would be "altocumulus stratiformis radiatus perlucidus", which would identify respectively its genus, species, and two combined varieties.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Supplementary features and accessory clouds are not further subdivisions of cloud types below the species and variety level. Rather, they are either "hydrometeors" or special cloud types with their own Latin names that form in association with certain cloud genera, species, and varieties. Supplementary features, whether in the form of clouds or precipitation, are directly attached to the main genus-cloud. Accessory clouds, by contrast, are generally detached from the main cloud.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: One group of supplementary features are not actual cloud formations, but precipitation that falls when water droplets or ice crystals that make up visible clouds have grown too heavy to remain aloft. "Virga" is a feature seen with clouds producing precipitation that evaporates before reaching the ground, these being of the genera cirrocumulus, altocumulus, altostratus, nimbostratus, stratocumulus, cumulus, and cumulonimbus.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: "Incus" is the most type-specific supplementary feature, seen only with cumulonimbus of the species capillatus. A cumulonimbus incus cloud top is one that has spread out into a clear anvil shape as a result of rising air currents hitting the stability layer at the tropopause where the air no longer continues to get colder with increasing altitude.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: A "tuba" feature is a cloud column that may hang from the bottom of a cumulus or cumulonimbus. A newly formed or poorly organized column might be comparatively benign, but can quickly intensify into a funnel cloud or tornado.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: An "arcus" feature is a roll cloud with ragged edges attached to the lower front part of cumulus congestus or cumulonimbus that forms along the leading edge of a squall line or thunderstorm outflow. A large arcus formation can have the appearance of a dark menacing arch.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Supplementary cloud formations detached from the main cloud are known as accessory clouds. The heavier precipitating clouds, nimbostratus, towering cumulus (cumulus congestus), and cumulonimbus typically see the formation in precipitation of the "pannus" feature, low ragged clouds of the genera and species cumulus fractus or stratus fractus.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Stratocumulus clouds can be organized into "fields" that take on certain specially classified shapes and characteristics. In general, these fields are more discernible from high altitudes than from ground level. They can often be found in the following forms:

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: These patterns are formed from a phenomenon known as a Kármán vortex which is named after the engineer and fluid dynamicist Theodore von Kármán. Wind driven clouds can form into parallel rows that follow the wind direction. When the wind and clouds encounter high elevation land features such as a vertically prominent islands, they can form eddies around the high land masses that give the clouds a twisted appearance.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Yellowish clouds may be seen in the troposphere in the late spring through early fall months during forest fire season. The yellow color is due to the presence of pollutants in the smoke. Yellowish clouds are caused by the presence of nitrogen dioxide and are sometimes seen in urban areas with high air pollution levels.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Polar stratospheric clouds (PSC's) form in the lowest part of the stratosphere during the winter, at the altitude and during the season that produces the coldest temperatures and therefore the best chances of triggering condensation caused by adiabatic cooling. Moisture is scarce in the stratosphere, so nacreous and non-nacreous cloud at this altitude range is restricted to polar regions in the winter where the air is coldest.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: PSC's show some variation in structure according to their chemical makeup and atmospheric conditions, but are limited to a single very high range of altitude of about , so they are not classified into altitude levels, genus types, species, or varieties. There is no Latin nomenclature in the manner of tropospheric clouds, but rather descriptive names using common English.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Some planets outside the Solar System are known to have atmospheric clouds. In October 2013, the detection of high altitude optically thick clouds in the atmosphere of exoplanet Kepler-7b was announced, and, in December 2013, in the atmospheres of GJ 436 b and GJ 1214 b.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: In China, clouds are symbols of luck and happiness. Overlapping clouds (in meteorology, probably "duplicatus clouds) are thought to imply eternal happiness and clouds of different colors are said to indicate "multiplied blessings".

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Cloud

Context: Cloud watching or cloud gazing is a popular children's activity involving watching the clouds and looking for shapes in them, a form of pareidolia.

Question: 구름은 어떤 층에 형성되는가?


Kim Won-seok

Context: Kim Won-seok () is a South Korean television director. He directed "Sungkyunkwan Scandal" (2010), "Monstar" (2013), "Misaeng" (2014), "Signal" (2016), "My Mister" (2018) and "Arthdal Chronicles" (2019).

Question: 드라마 미생의 원작은 누구의 작품인가?


Kim Won-seok

Context: Kim Won-seok began his television career in 2001 as an assistant director for the Korean Broadcasting System (KBS) network. He was promoted to second unit director in 2005, and honed his skills on series of diverse genres. He also directed two episodes for the single-episode anthology "Drama City" in 2007, "GOD" (which he co-wrote) and "The Dual Accounts Murder".

Question: 드라마 미생의 원작은 누구의 작품인가?


Kim Won-seok

Context: From 2016 to 2019, Kim was under Studio Dragon, the production company spun off from CJ E&M. In December 2019, he resigned from the company due to personal reasons.

Question: 드라마 미생의 원작은 누구의 작품인가?


Kim Won-seok

Context: In January 2020, "The JoongAng Ilbo" published an exclusive report that stated Kim has joined Kakao M's soon-to-be-launched new drama production subsidiary to be led by former Studio Dragon and CJ E&M executive Park Ho-sik. Seven months later, the company, Baram Pictures, was officially launched.

Question: 드라마 미생의 원작은 누구의 작품인가?


Doctor Who (series 1)

Context: The show depicts the adventures of a mysterious and eccentric Time Lord known as the Doctor, who travels through time and space in his time machine, the TARDIS, which normally appears from the exterior to be a blue 1950s British police box. With his companions, he explores time and space, faces a variety of foes and saves civilizations, helping people and righting wrongs.

Question: 닥터 후 시리즈 중 가장 높은 시청률을 기록한 에피소드 무엇인가?


Doctor Who (series 1)

Context: Unlike the classic era of the series that ended in 1989, the plan with the new series was to have each episode as a standalone story, with no serials. Of the thirteen episodes in the series, seven of them followed this format; the remaining six were grouped together into three two-part stories. Also, for the first time since "The Gunfighters" in the third season, each episode was given an individual title, which was the case with the standalone and two-part stories.

Question: 닥터 후 시리즈 중 가장 높은 시청률을 기록한 에피소드 무엇인가?


Doctor Who (series 1)

Context: Following "Scream of the Shalka", an animated episode which was shown on the "Doctor Who" website, the 'real' return of "Doctor Who" was announced on 26 September 2003 in a press release from the BBC.

Question: 닥터 후 시리즈 중 가장 높은 시청률을 기록한 에피소드 무엇인가?


Doctor Who (series 1)

Context: Davies was interested in making an episode that would serve as a crossover with "", and involve the TARDIS landing on board the NX-01. The idea was officially discussed, but the plans were abandoned following the cancellation of "Enterprise" in February 2005.

Question: 닥터 후 시리즈 중 가장 높은 시청률을 기록한 에피소드 무엇인가?


Doctor Who (series 1)

Context: The series was first released in volumes; the first volume, containing the first three episodes, was released in Region 2 on 16 May 2005. The second, with "Aliens of London", "World War Three", and "Dalek", followed on 13 June 2005. "The Long Game", "Father's Day", "The Empty Child", and "The Doctor Dances" were released in the third volume on 1 August 2005 and the final three episodes were released in the fourth volume on 5 September 2005.

Question: 닥터 후 시리즈 중 가장 높은 시청률을 기록한 에피소드 무엇인가?


Doctor Who (series 1)

Context: The entire series was then released in a boxset on 21 November 2005 in Region 2. Aside from the 13 episodes it included commentaries on every episode, a video diary from Davies during the first week of filming, as well as other featurettes. The boxset was released in Region 1 on 4 July 2006.

Question: 닥터 후 시리즈 중 가장 높은 시청률을 기록한 에피소드 무엇인가?


Doctor Who (series 1)

Context: The initial Sci Fi Channel broadcasts of the series attained an average Nielsen Rating of 1.3, representing 1.5 million viewers in total. Although these ratings were less than those reached by Sci Fi's original series "Battlestar Galactica", "Stargate SG-1" and "Stargate Atlantis", they reflect a 44% increase in ratings and a 56% increase in viewership over the same timeslot in the second quarter of 2005, as well as increases of 56% and 57% in two key demographics.

Question: 닥터 후 시리즈 중 가장 높은 시청률을 기록한 에피소드 무엇인가?


Doctor Who (series 1)

Context: Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes offers an 83% approval from 12 critic reviews, and an average rating of 8.6/10.

Question: 닥터 후 시리즈 중 가장 높은 시청률을 기록한 에피소드 무엇인가?


Doctor Who (series 1)

Context: However, not everyone was pleased with the new production. Some fans criticised the new logo and perceived changes to the TARDIS model. According to various news sources, members of the production team even received hate mail and death threats. "The Unquiet Dead" was criticised by parents, who felt that the episode was "too scary" for their young children; the BBC dismissed the complaints, saying that it had never been intended for the youngest of children.

Question: 닥터 후 시리즈 중 가장 높은 시청률을 기록한 에피소드 무엇인가?


Doctor Who (series 1)

Context: Selected pieces of score from this series, alongside material from the second series and "The Runaway Bride", as composed by Murray Gold, were released on 4 December 2006 by Silva Screen Records.

Question: 닥터 후 시리즈 중 가장 높은 시청률을 기록한 에피소드 무엇인가?


Operation Overlord

Context: Operation Overlord was the codename for the Battle of Normandy, the Allied operation that launched the successful invasion of German-occupied Western Europe during World War II. The operation was launched on 6 June 1944 with the Normandy Landings (D-Day). A 1,200-plane airborne assault preceded an amphibious assault involving more than 5,000 vessels. Nearly 160,000 troops crossed the English Channel on 6 June, and more than two million Allied troops were in France by the end of August.

Question: 노르망디 상륙작전을 지휘했던 지휘관은 누구인가?


Operation Overlord

Context: The coastline of Normandy was divided into seventeen sectors, with codenames using a spelling alphabet—from Able, west of Omaha, to Roger on the east flank of Sword. Eight further sectors were added when the invasion was extended to include Utah on the Cotentin Peninsula. Sectors were further subdivided into beaches identified by the colours Green, Red, and White.

Question: 노르망디 상륙작전을 지휘했던 지휘관은 누구인가?


Operation Overlord

Context: An appeal for holiday pictures and postcards of Europe announced on the BBC produced over ten million items, some of which proved useful. Information collected by the French resistance helped provide details on Axis troop movements and on construction techniques used by the Germans for bunkers and other defensive installations.

Question: 노르망디 상륙작전을 지휘했던 지휘관은 누구인가?


Operation Overlord

Context: Had Eisenhower postponed the invasion, the next available period with the right combination of tides (but without the desirable full moon) was two weeks later, from 18 to 20 June. As it happened, during this period the invaders would have encountered a major storm lasting four days, between 19 and 22 June, that would have made the initial landings impossible.

Question: 노르망디 상륙작전을 지휘했던 지휘관은 누구인가?


Operation Overlord

Context: The 1st SS Panzer Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler, 9th, 11th, 19th and 116th Panzer divisions, alongside the 2nd SS Panzer Division "Das Reich", had only arrived in March–May 1944 to France for extensive refit after being badly damaged during the Dnieper-Carpathian Offensive. Seven of the eleven panzer or panzergrenadier divisions stationed in France were still not fully operational or only partially mobile in early June 1944.

Question: 노르망디 상륙작전을 지휘했던 지휘관은 누구인가?


Operation Overlord

Context: At Gold, high winds made conditions difficult for the landing craft, and the amphibious DD tanks were landed close to shore or directly on the beach instead of further out as planned. Aerial attacks had failed to hit the Le Hamel strongpoint, and its 75 mm gun continued to do damage until 16:00. On the western flank, the 1st Battalion, Hampshire Regiment captured Arromanches (future site of Mulberry "B"), and contact was made on the eastern flank with the Canadian forces at Juno.

Question: 노르망디 상륙작전을 지휘했던 지휘관은 누구인가?


Operation Overlord

Context: The Normandy landings were the largest seaborne invasion in history, with nearly 5,000 landing and assault craft, 289 escort vessels, and 277 minesweepers. The opening of another front in western Europe was a tremendous psychological blow for Germany's military, who feared a repetition of the two-front war of World War I. The Normandy landings also heralded the start of the "race for Europe" between the Soviet forces and the Western powers, which some historians consider to be the start of the Cold War.

Question: 노르망디 상륙작전을 지휘했던 지휘관은 누구인가?


Operation Overlord

Context: During the liberation of Normandy, between 13,632 and 19,890 French civilians were killed, and more were seriously wounded. In addition to those who died during the campaign, 11,000 to 19,000 Normans are estimated to have been killed during pre-invasion bombing. A total of 70,000 French civilians were killed throughout the course of the war. Land mines and unexploded ordnance continued to inflict casualties upon the Norman population following the end of the campaign.

Question: 노르망디 상륙작전을 지휘했던 지휘관은 누구인가?