George W. Bush

Context: Bush has been parodied by the media, comedians, and other politicians. Detractors tended to cite linguistic errors made by Bush during his public speeches, which are colloquially referred to as Bushisms.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: In contrast to his father, who was perceived as having troubles with an overarching unifying theme, Bush embraced larger visions and was seen as a man of larger ideas and associated huge risks.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: Tony Blair wrote in 2010 that the caricature of Bush as being dumb is "ludicrous" and that Bush is "very smart". In an interview with "Playboy", "The New York Times" columnist David Brooks said Bush "was 60 IQ points smarter in private than he was in public. He doesn't want anybody to think he's smarter than they are, so puts on a Texas act."

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: Bush began his presidency with approval ratings near 50 percent. After the September 11 attacks, Bush gained an approval rating of 90 percent, maintaining 80–90 percent approval for four months after the attacks. It remained over 50 percent during most of his first term and then fell to as low as 19 percent in his second term.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: In 2000 and again in 2004, "Time" magazine named George W. Bush as its Person of the Year, a title awarded to someone who the editors believe "has done the most to influence the events of the year". In May 2004, Gallup reported that 89 percent of the Republican electorate approved of Bush. However, the support waned due mostly to a minority of Republicans' frustration with him on issues of spending, illegal immigration, and Middle Eastern affairs.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: By the beginning of 2008, his final year in office, Bush's approval rating had dropped to a low of just 19 percent, largely from the loss of support among Republicans. Commenting on his low poll numbers and accusations of being "the worst president", Bush would say, "I make decisions on what I think is right for the United States based upon principles. I frankly don't give a damn about the polls."

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: In April 2008, Bush's disapproval ratings reached the highest ever recorded for any president in the 70-year history of the Gallup poll, with 69 percent of those polled disapproving of the job Bush was doing as president and 28 percent approvingalthough the majority (66 percent) of Republicans still approved of his job performance.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: Bush was criticized internationally and targeted by the global anti-war and anti-globalization movements for his administration's foreign policy. Views of him within the international communityeven in France, a close ally of the United Stateswere more negative than those of most previous American presidents.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: Bush was described as having especially close personal relationships with Tony Blair of the United Kingdom and Vicente Fox of Mexico, although formal relations were sometimes strained. Other leaders, such as Hamid Karzai of Afghanistan, Yoweri Museveni of Uganda, José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero of Spain, and Hugo Chávez of Venezuela, openly criticized the president. Later in Bush's presidency, tensions arose between him and Vladimir Putin, which led to a cooling of their relationship.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: Following the inauguration of Barack Obama, Bush and his family flew from Andrews Air Force Base to a homecoming celebration in Midland, Texas, following which they returned to their ranch in Crawford, Texas. They bought a home in the Preston Hollow neighborhood of Dallas, Texas, where they settled down.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: On August 6, 2013, Bush was successfully treated for a coronary artery blockage with a stent. The blockage had been found during an annual medical examination.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: In reaction to the 2016 shooting of Dallas police officers, Bush said, "Laura and I are heartbroken by the heinous acts of violence in our city last night. Murdering the innocent is always evil, never more so than when the lives taken belong to those who protect our families and communities."

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: Since leaving office, Bush has kept a relatively low profile. Bush has spoken in favor of increased global participation of women in politics and societal matters in foreign countries.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: Bush released his memoirs, "Decision Points", on November 9, 2010. During a pre-release appearance promoting the book, Bush said he considered his biggest accomplishment to be keeping "the country safe amid a real danger", and his greatest failure to be his inability to secure the passage of Social Security reform. He also made news defending his administration's enhanced interrogation techniques, specifically the waterboarding of Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, saying, "I'd do it again to save lives."

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: In 2012, he wrote the foreword of "", an economics book published by the George W. Bush Presidential Center. He also presented the book at the Parkland Memorial Hospital in Dallas, Texas.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: After the 2016 elections, Bush, his father, and his brother Jeb called Trump on the phone to congratulate him on his victory. Both he and Laura attended Trump's inauguration. Images of Bush struggling to put on a rain poncho during the ceremony became an internet meme. While leaving the event, Bush allegedly described the ceremony, and Trump's inaugural address in particular, as "some weird shit".

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: On September 1, 2018, Bush and Laura Bush attended the funeral of John McCain at the Washington National Cathedral in Washington, D.C. On November 30, his father died at his home. Shortly before his death, Bush was able to talk with his father on the phone; his father responded with what would be his last words, "I love you too". Bush attended his father's funeral on December 5, delivering a eulogy.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: In May 2019, the tenth anniversary of former South Korean president Roh Moo-hyun's death, Bush visited South Korea to pay respects to Roh, delivering a short eulogy.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: Bush opposed President Biden's withdrawal of American troops from Afghanistan, saying that the withdrawal made him "concerned" and that it had the potential to "create a vacuum, and into that vacuum is likely to come people who treat women as second class citizens". During an interview with Deutsche Welle on July 14, 2021, Bush reaffirmed his opposition to the troop withdrawal, calling the plan "a mistake".

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: On September 11, 2021, the 20th anniversary of the September 11 attacks, Bush gave a speech at the Flight 93 National Memorial, praising the heroism of the people on Flight 93 and the spirit of America. He also said that he "saw millions of people instinctively grab for a neighbor's hand and rally to the cause of one another. That is the America I know."

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: In January 2010, at President Obama's request, Bush and Bill Clinton established the Clinton Bush Haiti Fund to raise contributions for relief and recovery efforts following the 2010 Haiti earthquake earlier that month.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: On May 2, 2011, President Obama called Bush, who was at a restaurant with his wife, to inform him that Osama bin Laden had been killed. The Bushes joined the Obamas in New York City to mark the tenth anniversary of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. At the Ground Zero memorial, Bush read a letter that President Abraham Lincoln wrote to a widow who had lost five sons during the Civil War.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: On September 7, 2017, Bush partnered with former presidents Jimmy Carter, George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton, and Barack Obama to work with One America Appeal to help the victims of Hurricane Harvey and Hurricane Irma in the Gulf Coast and Texas communities.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: The George W. Bush presidency has been ranked as below-average in surveys of presidential scholars published in the late 2000s and 2010s.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: In 2012, Estonian President Toomas Hendrik Ilves awarded Bush the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana for his work in expanding NATO.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


George W. Bush

Context: Two elementary schools are named after him: George W. Bush Elementary School of the Stockton Unified School District in Stockton, California, and George W. Bush Elementary School of the Wylie independent school District in St. Paul, Texas, in the Dallas-Fort Worth area.

Question: من هو الرئيس ال 43 للولايات المتحدة؟


Mild cognitive impairment

Context: Mild cognitive impairment has been relisted as mild neurocognitive disorder in DSM-5, and in ICD-11, the latter effective on the 1st of January 2022.

Question: ما هي مشكلة ضعف الادراك المتوسط ؟


Mild cognitive impairment

Context: Amnestic MCI (aMCI) is mild cognitive impairment with memory loss as the predominant symptom; aMCI is frequently seen as a prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease. Studies suggest that these individuals tend to progress to probable Alzheimer's disease at a rate of approximately 10% to 15% per year. It is possible that being diagnosed with cognitive decline may serve as an indicator of MCI.

Question: ما هي مشكلة ضعف الادراك المتوسط ؟


Mild cognitive impairment

Context: Nonamnestic MCI (naMCI) is mild cognitive impairment in which impairments in domains other than memory (for example, language, visuospatial, executive) are more prominent. It may be further divided as nonamnestic single- or multiple-domain MCI, and these individuals are believed to be more likely to convert to other dementias (for example, dementia with Lewy bodies).

Question: ما هي مشكلة ضعف الادراك المتوسط ؟


Mild cognitive impairment

Context: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may be caused due to alteration in the brain triggered during early stages of Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia. Exact causes of MCI are unknown. It is controversial whether MCI even should be identified as a disorder.

Question: ما هي مشكلة ضعف الادراك المتوسط ؟


Mild cognitive impairment

Context: Risk factors of both dementia and MCI are considered to be the same: these are aging, genetic (heredity) cause of Alzheimer's or other dementia, and cardiovascular disease.

Question: ما هي مشكلة ضعف الادراك المتوسط ؟


Mild cognitive impairment

Context: The diagnosis of MCI requires considerable clinical judgement, and as such a comprehensive clinical assessment including clinical observation, neuroimaging, blood tests and neuropsychological testing are best in order to rule out an alternate diagnosis.

Question: ما هي مشكلة ضعف الادراك المتوسط ؟


Mild cognitive impairment

Context: Although amnestic MCI patients may not meet criteria for Alzheimer's disease, patients may be in a transitional stage of evolving Alzheimer's disease.

Question: ما هي مشكلة ضعف الادراك المتوسط ؟


Mild cognitive impairment

Context: Mmagnetic resonance imaging can observe deterioration, including progressive loss of gray matter in the brain, from mild cognitive impairment to full-blown Alzheimer disease. A technique known as PiB PET imaging is used to show the sites and shapes of beta amyloid deposits in living subjects using a 11C tracer that binds selectively to such deposits.

Question: ما هي مشكلة ضعف الادراك المتوسط ؟


Mild cognitive impairment

Context: Current evidence suggests that cognition-based interventions do improve mental performance (i.e. memory, executive function, attention, and speed) in older adults and people with mild cognitive impairment. Especially, immediate and delayed verbal recall resulted in higher performance gains from memory training.

Question: ما هي مشكلة ضعف الادراك المتوسط ؟


Mild cognitive impairment

Context: There is currently limited evidence to form a strong conclusion to recommend the use of any form of carbohydrate in preventing or reducing cognitive decline in older adults with normal cognition or mild cognitive impairment. So, more large and higher quality evidence is needed to evaluate memory improvement and find nutritional issues due to carbohydrates.

Question: ما هي مشكلة ضعف الادراك المتوسط ؟


Mild cognitive impairment

Context: The prevalence of MCI varies by age. The prevalence of MCI among different age groups is as follows: 6.7% for ages 60–64; 8.4% for ages 65–69, 10.1% for ages 70–74, 14.8% for ages 75–79, and 25.2% for ages 80–84. After a two-year follow-up, the cumulative incidence of dementia among individuals who are over 65 years old and were diagnosed with MCI was found to be 14.9%.

Question: ما هي مشكلة ضعف الادراك المتوسط ؟


Mild cognitive impairment

Context: Globally, approximately 16% of the population over the age of 70 experiences some type of mild cognitive impairment.

Question: ما هي مشكلة ضعف الادراك المتوسط ؟


Early history of video games

Context: The term "video game" has evolved over the decades from a purely technical definition to a general concept defining a new class of interactive entertainment. Technically, for a product to be a video game under early definitions, it needed to transmit a video signal to a display.

Question: متى أُطلقت أول لعبة فيديو ؟


Early history of video games

Context: This can (but not always) include a cathode ray tube (CRT), oscilloscope, liquid crystal display, vector-scan monitor, etc. This definition would preclude early computer games that outputted results to a printer or teletype rather than a display, as well as games that used static LCD graphics, for example Nintendo's Game & Watch, or most Tiger Electronics handhelds. From a technical standpoint, these would more properly be called "electronic games" or "computer games".

Question: متى أُطلقت أول لعبة فيديو ؟


Early history of video games

Context: At the beginning of the 1970s, video games existed almost entirely as novelties passed around by programmers and technicians with access to computers, primarily at research institutions and large companies. The history of video games transitioned into a new era early in the decade, however, with the rise of the commercial video game industry.

Question: متى أُطلقت أول لعبة فيديو ؟


Emirates Dubai Television

Context: The Emirates Dubai Television originally broadcast locally on two frequencies: One which kept the channel's programming open the whole day, whilst the other was adjacently switched in favour of Channel 33's 12-hour English programming beginning at 4:00 pm, later extending to 2:00 pm UAE time.

Question: متى تأسس تلفزيون دبي؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: Each year, the Swedish Academy sends out requests for nominations of candidates for the Nobel Prize in Literature. Members of the Academy, members of literature academies and societies, professors of literature and language, former Nobel literature laureates, and the presidents of writers' organizations are all allowed to nominate a candidate. It is not permitted to nominate oneself.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: The award is usually announced in October. Sometimes, however, the award has been announced the year after the nominal year, the latest such case being the 2018 award. In the midst of controversy surrounding claims of sexual assault, conflict of interest, and resignations by officials, on 4 May 2018, the Swedish Academy announced that the 2018 laureate would be announced in 2019 along with the 2019 laureate.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: A Literature Nobel Prize laureate earns a gold medal, a diploma bearing a citation, and a sum of money. The amount of money awarded depends on the income of the Nobel Foundation that year. If a prize is awarded to more than one laureate, the money is either split evenly among them or, for three laureates, it may be divided into a half and two quarters. If a prize is awarded jointly to two or more laureates, the money is split among them.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: The prize money of the Nobel Prize has been fluctuating since its inauguration but it stood at (about ), previously it was . This was not the first time the prize-amount was decreased—beginning with a nominal value of in 1901 (worth 8,123,951 in 2011 SEK) the nominal value has been as low as (2,370,660 in 2011 SEK) in 1945—but it has been uphill or stable since then, peaking at an SEK-2011 value of 11,659,016 in 2001.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: The laureate is also invited to give a lecture during "Nobel Week" in Stockholm; the highlight is the prize-giving ceremony and banquet on 10 December. It is the second richest literary prize in the world.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: Nobel laureates receive a Diploma directly from the King of Sweden. Each Diploma is uniquely designed by the prize-awarding institutions for the laureate who receives it. The Diploma contains a picture and text that states the name of the laureate and normally a citation of why they received the prize.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: Nominations are kept secret for fifty years until they are publicly available at The Nomination Database for the Nobel Prize in Literature. Currently, only nominations submitted between 1901 and 1971 are available for public viewing.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: Nobel's "vague" wording for the criteria for the prize has led to recurrent controversy. In the original Swedish, the word "idealisk" translates as "ideal". The Nobel Committee's interpretation has varied over the years. In recent years, this means a kind of idealism championing human rights on a broad scale.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: From 1901 to 1912, the committee, headed by the conservative Carl David af Wirsén, weighed the literary quality of a work against its contribution towards humanity's struggle 'toward the ideal'. Leo Tolstoy, Henrik Ibsen, Émile Zola, and Mark Twain were rejected in favor of authors little read today.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: The first prize in 1901, awarded to the French poet Sully Prudhomme, was heavily criticised. Many believed that the acclaimed Russian author Tolstoy should have been awarded the first Nobel prize in literature.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: The choice of philosopher Rudolf Eucken as Nobel laureate in 1908 is widely considered to be one of the worst mistakes in the history of the Nobel Prize in Literature. The main candidates for the prize that year were poet Algernon Swinburne and author Selma Lagerlöf, but the Academy were divided between the candidates and, as a compromise, Eucken, representative of the Academy's interpretation of Nobel's "ideal direction", was launched as an alternative candidate that could be agreed upon.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: The choice of Swedish writer Selma Lagerlöf as Nobel laureate in 1909 (for the "lofty idealism, vivid imagination and spiritual perception that characterizes her writings") followed fierce debate because of her writing style and subject matter, which broke literary decorums of the time.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: During World War I and its immediate aftermath, the committee adopted a policy of neutrality, favouring writers from non-combatant countries. The pacifistic author Romain Rolland was awarded the prize for 1915. Other years during the war Scandinavian writers were favoured, or the award was postponed.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: The Nobel Prize awarded to Pearl Buck in 1938 is one of the most criticised in the history of the prize. The Academy awarded Buck "for her rich and truly epic descriptions of peasant life in China and for her biographical masterpieces", referring to acclaimed and popular books published only a few years earlier. But her later work is generally not considered to be of the literary standard of a Nobel laureate.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: In 1964, Jean-Paul Sartre was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, but he wrote declining it, stating that "It is not the same thing if I sign Jean-Paul Sartre or if I sign Jean-Paul Sartre, Nobel Prize laureate. A writer must refuse to allow himself to be transformed into an institution, even if it takes place in the most honorable form." Nevertheless he was awarded the prize.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: In 1974, Graham Greene, Vladimir Nabokov, and Saul Bellow were believed to be likely candidates for the prize but the Academy decided on a joint award for Swedish authors Eyvind Johnson and Harry Martinson, both members of the Swedish Academy at the time, and unknown outside their home country. Bellow received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1976; neither Greene nor Nabokov was awarded it.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: A member of the Swedish Academy, Knut Ahnlund, who had not played an active role in the Academy since 1996, protested against the choice of the 2004 laureate, Elfriede Jelinek; Ahnlund resigned, alleging that selecting Jelinek had caused "irreparable damage" to the reputation of the award.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: In recent years, the choices of Bob Dylan for the 2016 Nobel Prize in Literature and Peter Handke for the 2019 Nobel Prize in Literature have been heavily criticised.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: Although several Scandinavians were awarded, two of the most celebrated writers, Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen and Swedish author August Strindberg were repeatedly bypassed by the committee, but Strindberg holds the singular distinction of being awarded an Anti-Nobel Prize, conferred by popular acclaim and national subscription and presented to him in 1912 by future prime minister Hjalmar Branting.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: Paul Valéry was nominated twelve times between 1930 and 1945, but died just as the Academy intended to award him the prize in 1945.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges was nominated for the prize several times but the Academy did not award it to him, though he was among the final candidates some years in the 1960s.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: Graham Greene was nominated for the prize twenty times between the years 1950 and 1966. Greene was a celebrated candidate to be awarded the prize in the 1960s and 1970s, and the Academy was criticised for passing him over.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: French novelist and intellectual André Malraux was seriously considered for the prize in the 1950s. Malraux was competing with Albert Camus but was rejected several times, especially in 1954 and 1955, "so long as he does not come back to novel". Thus, Camus was awarded the prize in 1957. Malraux was again considered in 1969 when he was competing with Samuel Beckett for the prize. Some members of the Nobel committee supported a prize to Malraux, but Beckett was awarded.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: W. H. Auden was nominated to the Nobel Prize in Literature ten times in the 1960s and was among the final candidates for the prize several times, but the Academy favoured other writers. In 1964 Auden and Jean-Paul Sartre were the leading candidates, and the Academy favoured Sartre as Auden's best work was thought "too far back in time". In 1967 Auden was one of three final candidates along with Graham Greene and the awarded Guatemalan author Miguel Ángel Asturias.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: Membership in the 18-member academy, who select the recipients, is technically for life. Until 2018 members were not allowed to leave, although they might refuse to participate. For members who did not participate their board seat was left vacant until they died. Twelve active/participating members are required for a quorum.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: The scandal was widely seen as damaging to the credibility of the prize and its authority. As noted by Andrew Brown in "The Guardian" in a lengthy deconstruction of the scandal:

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: Another award of note is the Spanish Princess of Asturias Award (formerly Prince of Asturias Award) in Letters. During the first years of its existence it was almost exclusively awarded to writers in the Spanish language, but in more recent times writers in other languages have been awarded as well. Writers who have won both the Asturias Award in Letters and the Nobel Prize in Literature include Camilo José Cela, Günter Grass, Doris Lessing and Mario Vargas Llosa.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: The America Award in Literature, which does not include a monetary prize, presents itself as an alternative to the Nobel Prize in Literature. To date, Peter Handke, Harold Pinter, José Saramago, and Mario Vargas Llosa are the only writers to have received both the America Award and the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Nobel Prize in Literature

Context: The Hans Christian Andersen Award is sometimes referred to as "the Little Nobel". The award has earned this appellation since, in a similar manner to the Nobel Prize in Literature, it recognizes the lifetime achievement of writers, though the Andersen Award focuses on a single category of literary works (children's literature).

Question: متى تم تأسيس جائزة نوبل للآداب؟


Anthrax

Context: According to the Centers for Disease Control the first clinical descriptions of cutaneous anthrax were given by Maret in 1752 and Fournier in 1769. Before that anthrax had been described only through historical accounts. The Prussian scientist Robert Koch (1843–1910) was the first to identify "Bacillus anthracis" as the bacterium that causes anthrax.

Question: متى وقعت أولى هجمات الإرهاب البيولوجي بإستخدام الجمرة الخبيثة في الولايات المتحدة؟


Anthrax

Context: Anthrax is spread by contact with the bacterium's spores, which often appear in infectious animal products. Contact is by breathing or eating or through an area of broken skin. It does not typically spread directly between people. Risk factors include people who work with animals or animal products, travelers and military personnel. Diagnosis can be confirmed by finding antibodies or the toxin in the blood or by culture of a sample from the infected site.

Question: متى وقعت أولى هجمات الإرهاب البيولوجي بإستخدام الجمرة الخبيثة في الولايات المتحدة؟


Anthrax

Context: The English name comes from "anthrax" (), the Greek word for coal, possibly having Egyptian etymology, because of the characteristic black skin lesions developed by people with a cutaneous anthrax infection. The central black eschar surrounded by vivid red skin has long been recognised as typical of the disease. The first recorded use of the word "anthrax" in English is in a 1398 translation of Bartholomaeus Anglicus' work "" ("On the Properties of Things", 1240).

Question: متى وقعت أولى هجمات الإرهاب البيولوجي بإستخدام الجمرة الخبيثة في الولايات المتحدة؟


Anthrax

Context: Anthrax was historically known by a wide variety of names indicating its symptoms, location and groups considered most vulnerable to infection. They included Siberian plague, Cumberland disease, charbon, splenic fever, malignant edema, woolsorter's disease and "".

Question: متى وقعت أولى هجمات الإرهاب البيولوجي بإستخدام الجمرة الخبيثة في الولايات المتحدة؟


Anthrax

Context: Cutaneous anthrax is typically caused when "B. anthracis" spores enter through cuts on the skin. This form is found most commonly when humans handle infected animals and/or animal products.

Question: متى وقعت أولى هجمات الإرهاب البيولوجي بإستخدام الجمرة الخبيثة في الولايات المتحدة؟


Anthrax

Context: In December 2009, an outbreak of anthrax occurred among injecting heroin users in the Glasgow and Stirling areas of Scotland, resulting in 14 deaths. The source of the anthrax is believed to have been dilution of the heroin with bone meal in Afghanistan. Injected anthrax may have symptoms similar to cutaneous anthrax, and may also cause infection deep into the muscle and spread faster.

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Anthrax

Context: Inhalation anthrax usually develops within a week after exposure, but may take up to 2 months. During the first few days of illness, most people have fever, chills, and fatigue. These symptoms may be accompanied by cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, and nausea or vomiting, making inhalation anthrax difficult to distinguish from influenza and community-acquired pneumonia. This is often described as the prodromal period.

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Anthrax

Context: Over the next day or so, shortness of breath, cough, and chest pain become more common, and complaints not involving the chest such as nausea, vomiting, altered mental status, sweats, and headache develop in one-third or more of people. Upper respiratory tract symptoms occur in only a quarter of people, and muscle pains are rare. Altered mental status or shortness of breath generally brings people to healthcare and marks the fulminant phase of illness.

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Anthrax

Context: Gastrointestinal (GI) infection is most often caused by consuming anthrax-infected meat and is characterized by diarrhea, potentially with blood, abdominal pains, acute inflammation of the intestinal tract, and loss of appetite. Occasional vomiting of blood can occur. Lesions have been found in the intestines and in the mouth and throat. After the bacterium invades the gastrointestinal system, it spreads to the bloodstream and throughout the body, while continuing to make toxins.

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Anthrax

Context: The spores of anthrax are able to survive in harsh conditions for decades or even centuries. Such spores can be found on all continents, including Antarctica. Disturbed grave sites of infected animals have been known to cause infection after 70 years.

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Anthrax

Context: Historically, inhalational anthrax was called woolsorters' disease because it was an occupational hazard for people who sorted wool. Today, this form of infection is extremely rare in advanced nations, as almost no infected animals remain.

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Anthrax

Context: Occupational exposure to infected animals or their products (such as skin, wool, and meat) is the usual pathway of exposure for humans. Workers who are exposed to dead animals and animal products are at the highest risk, especially in countries where anthrax is more common. Anthrax in livestock grazing on open range where they mix with wild animals still occasionally occurs in the United States and elsewhere.

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Anthrax

Context: Many workers who deal with wool and animal hides are routinely exposed to low levels of anthrax spores, but most exposure levels are not sufficient to develop anthrax infections. A lethal infection is reported to result from inhalation of about 10,000–20,000 spores, though this dose varies among host species. Little documented evidence is available to verify the exact or average number of spores needed for infection.

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Anthrax

Context: The lethality of the anthrax disease is due to the bacterium's two principal virulence factors: the poly-D-glutamic acid capsule, which protects the bacterium from phagocytosis by host neutrophils, and the tripartite protein toxin, called anthrax toxin. Anthrax components: protective antigen (PA), edema factor (EF), and lethal factor (LF). PA plus LF produces lethal toxin, and PA plus EF produces edema toxin. These toxins cause death and tissue swelling (edema), respectively.

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Anthrax

Context: Various techniques may be used for the direct identification of "B. anthracis" in clinical material. Firstly, specimens may be Gram stained. "Bacillus" spp. are quite large in size (3 to 4 μm long), they may grow in long chains, and they stain Gram-positive. To confirm the organism is "B. anthracis", rapid diagnostic techniques such as polymerase chain reaction-based assays and immunofluorescence microscopy may be used.

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Anthrax

Context: Vaccines against anthrax for use in livestock and humans have had a prominent place in the history of medicine. The French scientist Louis Pasteur developed the first effective vaccine in 1881. Human anthrax vaccines were developed by the Soviet Union in the late 1930s and in the US and UK in the 1950s. The current FDA-approved US vaccine was formulated in the 1960s.

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Anthrax

Context: Cutaneous anthrax is rarely fatal if treated, because the infection area is limited to the skin, preventing the lethal factor, edema factor, and protective antigen from entering and destroying a vital organ. Without treatment, about 20% of cutaneous skin infection cases progress to toxemia and death.

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Anthrax

Context: GI infections can be treated, but usually result in fatality rates of 25% to 60%, depending upon how soon treatment commences. This form of anthrax is the rarest.

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Anthrax

Context: The last fatal case of natural inhalational anthrax in the United States occurred in California in 1976, when a home weaver died after working with infected wool imported from Pakistan. To minimize the chance of spreading the disease, the body was transported to UCLA in a sealed plastic body bag within a sealed metal container for autopsy.

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Anthrax

Context: Gastrointestinal anthrax is exceedingly rare in the United States, with only two cases on record. The first case was reported in 1942, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. During December 2009, the New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services confirmed a case of gastrointestinal anthrax in an adult female.

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Anthrax

Context: In 2007 two cases of cutaneous anthrax were reported in Danbury, Connecticut. The case involved the maker of traditional African-style drums who was working with a goat hide purchased from a dealer in New York City which had been previously cleared by Customs. While the hide was being scraped, a spider bite led to the spores entering the bloodstream. His son also became infected.

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Anthrax

Context: In November 2008, a drum maker in the United Kingdom who worked with untreated animal skins died from anthrax. In December 2009, an outbreak of anthrax occurred among heroin addicts in the Glasgow and Stirling areas of Scotland, resulting in 14 deaths. The source of the anthrax is believed to have been dilution of the heroin with bone meal in Afghanistan.

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Anthrax

Context: Anthrax posed a major economic challenge in France and elsewhere during the 19th century. Horses, cattle, and sheep were particularly vulnerable, and national funds were set aside to investigate the production of a vaccine. French scientist Louis Pasteur was charged with the production of a vaccine, following his successful work in developing methods that helped to protect the important wine and silk industries.

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Anthrax

Context: The human vaccine for anthrax became available in 1954. This was a cell-free vaccine instead of the live-cell Pasteur-style vaccine used for veterinary purposes. An improved cell-free vaccine became available in 1970.

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Anthrax

Context: Decontamination techniques for "Bacillus anthracis" spores are affected by the material with which the spores are associated, environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, and microbiological factors such as the spore species, anthracis strain, and test methods used.

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Anthrax

Context: A bleach solution for treating hard surfaces has been approved by the EPA. Chlorine dioxide has emerged as the preferred biocide against anthrax-contaminated sites, having been employed in the treatment of numerous government buildings over the past decade. Its chief drawback is the need for "in situ" processes to have the reactant on demand.

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Anthrax

Context: To speed the process, trace amounts of a nontoxic catalyst composed of iron and tetroamido macrocyclic ligands are combined with sodium carbonate and bicarbonate and converted into a spray. The spray formula is applied to an infested area and is followed by another spray containing tert-butyl hydroperoxide.

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Anthrax

Context: Using the catalyst method, complete destruction of all anthrax spores can be achieved in under 30 minutes. A standard catalyst-free spray destroys fewer than half the spores in the same amount of time.

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Anthrax

Context: The experimental site at Gruinard Island is said to have been decontaminated with a mixture of formaldehyde and seawater by the Ministry of Defence. It is not clear whether similar treatments had been applied to US test sites.

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Anthrax

Context: American military and British Army personnel are no longer routinely vaccinated against anthrax prior to active service in places where biological attacks are considered a threat.

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Anthrax

Context: In theory, anthrax spores can be cultivated with minimal special equipment and a first-year collegiate microbiological education.

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Anthrax

Context: To make large amounts of an aerosol form of anthrax suitable for biological warfare requires extensive practical knowledge, training, and highly advanced equipment.

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Anthrax

Context: Due to these events, the US Postal Service installed biohazard detection systems at its major distribution centers to actively scan for anthrax being transported through the mail. As of 2020, no positive alerts by these systems have occurred.

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Anthrax

Context: In response to the postal anthrax attacks and hoaxes, the United States Postal Service sterilized some mail using gamma irradiation and treatment with a proprietary enzyme formula supplied by Sipco Industries.

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Anthrax

Context: A scientific experiment performed by a high school student, later published in the "Journal of Medical Toxicology", suggested a domestic electric iron at its hottest setting (at least ) used for at least 5 minutes should destroy all anthrax spores in a common postal envelope.

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Anthrax

Context: Russian researchers estimate arctic permafrost contains around 1.5 million anthrax-infected reindeer carcasses, and the spores may survive in the permafrost for 105 years. A risk exists that global warming in the Arctic can thaw the permafrost, releasing anthrax spores in the carcasses. In 2016, an anthrax outbreak in reindeer was linked to a 75-year-old carcass that defrosted during a heat wave.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Mickey Mouse is an animated cartoon character co-created in 1928 by Walt Disney, who originally voiced the character, and Ub Iwerks. The longtime mascot of The Walt Disney Company, Mickey is an anthropomorphic mouse who typically wears red shorts, large yellow shoes, and white gloves. The name "Mickey" was suggested by Walt Disney's wife Lillian in response to Walt's original name, "Mortimer Mouse", during a train ride in 1928. Mickey is one of the world's most recognizable fictional characters.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Mickey was first seen in a test screening of the cartoon short "Plane Crazy", on May 15, 1928, but it failed to impress the audience and Walt could not find a distributor for the short. Walt went on to produce a second Mickey short, "The Gallopin' Gaucho", which was also not released for lack of a distributor.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: After 1940, Mickey's popularity would decline until his 1955 re-emergence as a daily children's television personality. Despite this, the character continued to appear regularly in animated shorts until 1943 (winning his only competitive Academy Award—with canine companion Pluto—for a short subject, "Lend a Paw") and again from 1946 to 1952. In these later cartoons, Mickey was often just a supporting character in his own shorts, where Pluto would be the main character.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: The last regular installment of the "Mickey Mouse" film series came in 1953 with "The Simple Things" in which Mickey and Pluto go fishing and are pestered by a flock of seagulls.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Throughout the decades, Mickey Mouse competed with Warner Bros.' Bugs Bunny for animated popularity. But in 1988, the two rivals finally shared screen time in the Robert Zemeckis Disney/Amblin film "Who Framed Roger Rabbit". Disney and Warner signed an agreement stating that each character had the same amount of screen time in the scene.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Similar to his animated inclusion into a live-action film in "Roger Rabbit", Mickey made a featured cameo appearance in the 1990 television special "The Muppets at Walt Disney World" where he met Kermit the Frog. The two are established in the story as having been old friends, although they have not made any other appearance together outside of this.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: His most recent theatrical cartoon short was 2013's "Get a Horse!" which was preceded by 1995's "Runaway Brain", while from 1999 to 2004, he appeared in direct-to-video features like "Mickey's Once Upon a Christmas", "" and the computer-animated "Mickey's Twice Upon a Christmas".

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Many television series have centered on Mickey, such as the ABC shows "Mickey Mouse Works" (1999–2000), "Disney's House of Mouse" (2001–2003), Disney Channel's "Mickey Mouse Clubhouse" (2006–2016), "Mickey Mouse Mixed-Up Adventures" (2017–) and "Mickey Mouse Funhouse" (2021–). Prior to all these, Mickey was also featured as an unseen character in the "Bonkers" episode "You Oughta Be In Toons".

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Mickey Mouse

Context: In early 1930, after Iwerks' departure, Disney was at first content to continue scripting the Mickey Mouse comic strip, assigning the art to Win Smith. However, Disney's focus had always been in animation and Smith was soon assigned with the scripting as well. Smith was apparently discontent at the prospect of having to script, draw, and ink a series by himself as evidenced by his sudden resignation.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Disney then searched for a replacement among the remaining staff of the Studio. He selected Floyd Gottfredson, a recently hired employee. At the time Gottfredson was reportedly eager to work in animation and somewhat reluctant to accept his new assignment. Disney had to assure him the assignment was only temporary and that he would eventually return to animation. Gottfredson accepted and ended up holding this "temporary" assignment from May 5, 1930, to November 15, 1975.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Starting with these two early comic strip stories, Mickey's versions in animation and comics are considered to have diverged from each other. While Disney and his cartoon shorts would continue to focus on comedy, the comic strip effectively combined comedy and adventure. This adventurous version of Mickey would continue to appear in comic strips and later comic books throughout the 20th and into the 21st century.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: In Europe, Mickey Mouse became the main attraction of a number of comics magazines, the most famous being "Topolino" in Italy from 1932 onward, "Le Journal de Mickey" in France from 1934 onward, "Don Miki" in Spain and the Greek "Miky Maous".

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Mickey was the main character for the series" MM Mickey Mouse Mystery Magazine", published in Italy from 1999 to 2001.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: In 1958, Mickey Mouse was introduced to the Arab world through another comic book called “Sameer”. He became very popular in Egypt and got a comic book with his name. Mickey's comics in Egypt are licensed by Disney and were published since 1959 by “Dar Al-Hilal” and they were successful, however Dar Al-Hilal stopped the publication in 2003 because of problems with Disney. The comics were re-released by "Nahdat Masr" in 2004 and the first issues were sold out in less than 8 hours.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Throughout the earlier years, Mickey's design bore heavy resemblance to Oswald, save for the ears, nose, and tail. Ub Iwerks designed Mickey's body out of circles in order to make the character simple to animate. Disney employees John Hench and Marc Davis believed that this design was part of Mickey's success as it made him more dynamic and appealing to audiences.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Mickey's circular design is most noticeable in his ears. In animation in the 1940s, Mickey's ears were animated in a more realistic perspective. Later, they were drawn to always appear circular no matter which way Mickey was facing. This made Mickey easily recognizable to audiences and made his ears an unofficial personal trademark. The circular rule later created a dilemma for toy creators who had to recreate a three-dimensional Mickey.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: In 1938, animator Fred Moore redesigned Mickey's body away from its circular design to a pear-shaped design. Colleague Ward Kimball praised Moore for being the first animator to break from Mickey's "rubber hose, round circle" design. Although Moore himself was nervous at first about changing Mickey, Walt Disney liked the new design and told Moore "that's the way I want Mickey to be drawn from now on."

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Originally characters had black hands, but Frank Thomas said this was changed for visibility reasons. According to Disney's , written by former Disney animators Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston, "The characters were in black and white with no shades of grey to soften the contrast or delineate a form. Mickey's body was black, his arms and his hands- all black. There was no way to stage an action except in silhouette. How else could there be any clarity? A hand in front of a chest would simply disappear."

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Multiple sources state that Mickey's characteristics, particularly the black body combined with the large white eyes, white mouth, and the white gloves, evolved from blackface caricatures used in minstrel shows.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Les Perkins did the voice of Mickey in two TV specials, "Down and Out with Donald Duck" and "DTV Valentine", in the mid-1980s. Peter Renaday voiced Mickey in the 1980s Disney albums "Yankee Doodle Mickey" and "Mickey Mouse Splashdance". He also provided his voice for "The Talking Mickey Mouse" toy in 1986. Quinton Flynn briefly filled in for Allwine as the voice of Mickey in a few episodes of the first season of "Mickey Mouse Works" whenever Allwine was unavailable to record.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Since then Mickey Mouse has become voiced more than one voice actor in major Disney projects. Film, TV and stage actor Chris Diamantopoulos voices Mickey in the award-winning Mickey Mouse 2013 animated series developed by Paul Rudish, and the 2017 "DuckTales" reboot (in the form of a watermelon that Donald uses as a ventriloquist dummy), as the producers were looking for a voice closer to Walt Disney's portrayal of the character in order to match the vintage look of that series.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Diamantopoulos also speaks and sings for Mickey Mouse in the Walt Disney World attraction Mickey and Minnie's Runaway Railway. Songs featuring Diamantopoulos as Mickey Mouse from that attraction, as well as soundtrack songs from the recent Disney+ series "The Wonderful World of Mickey Mouse" streaming on various platforms.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Mickey also features in several specific attractions at the Disney parks. Mickey's Toontown (Disneyland and Tokyo Disneyland) is a themed land which is a recreation of Mickey's neighborhood. Buildings are built in a cartoon style and guests can visit Mickey or Minnie's houses, Donald Duck's boat, or Goofy's garage. This is a common place to meet the characters.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Mickey & Minnie's Runaway Railway at Disney's Hollywood Studios is a trackless dark ride themed to Mickey Mouse.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: In addition to Mickey's overt presence in the parks, numerous images of him are also subtly included in sometimes unexpected places. This phenomenon is known as "Hidden Mickeys", involving hidden images in Disney films, theme parks, and merchandise.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: In 1989, Milton Bradley released the electronic talking game titled "Mickey Says", with three modes featuring Mickey Mouse as its host. Mickey also appeared in other toys and games, including the Worlds of Wonder released "The Talking Mickey Mouse".

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Fisher-Price has produced a line of talking animatronic Mickey dolls including "Dance Star Mickey" (2010) and "Rock Star Mickey" (2011).

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Mickey Mouse

Context: In total, approximately 40% of Disney's revenues for consumer products are derived from Mickey Mouse merchandise, with revenues peaking in 1997.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Mickey Mouse's name has also been known to appear fraudulently on voter registration lists, such as in the 2008 U.S. Presidential Election.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: "Mickey Mouse" is a slang expression meaning small-time, amateurish or trivial. In the United Kingdom and Ireland, it also means poor quality or counterfeit. In Poland the phrase "mały Miki", which translates to "small Mickey", means something very simple and trivial - usually used in the comparison between two things. However, in parts of Australia it can mean excellent or very good (rhyming slang for "grouse"). Examples of the negative usages include the following:

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Mickey Mouse

Context: In the fifth episode of the Japanese anime, "Pop Team Epic", Popuko, one of the main characters, attempts an impression of Mickey, but does so poorly.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Like all major Disney characters, Mickey Mouse is not only copyrighted but also trademarked, which lasts in perpetuity as long as it continues to be used commercially by its owner. So, whether or not a particular Disney cartoon goes into the public domain, the characters themselves may not be used as trademarks without authorization.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Disney threatened to sue Hedenkamp for slander of title, but did not follow through. The claims in Vanpelt and Hedenkamp's articles have not been tested in court.

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Mickey Mouse

Context: Mickey Mouse is the most miserable ideal ever revealed. Healthy emotions tell every independent young man and every honorable youth that the dirty and filth-covered vermin, the greatest bacteria carrier in the animal kingdom, cannot be the ideal type of animal. Away with Jewish brutalization of the people! Down with Mickey Mouse! Wear the Swastika Cross!

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Mickey Mouse

Context: American cartoonist and writer Art Spiegelman would later use this quote on the opening page of the second volume of his graphic novel "Maus".

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Mickey Mouse

Context: In 1994, four of Mickey's cartoons were included in the book "The 50 Greatest Cartoons" which listed the greatest cartoons of all time as voted by members of the animation field. The films were "The Band Concert" (#3), "Steamboat Willie" (#13), "Brave Little Tailor" (#26), and "Clock Cleaners" (#27).

Question: إلى من ينسب اختراع شخصية ميكي ماوس لأول مرة؟


Mickey Mouse

Context: On November 18, 1978, in honor of his 50th anniversary, Mickey became the first cartoon character to have a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. The star is located on 6925 Hollywood Blvd.

Question: إلى من ينسب اختراع شخصية ميكي ماوس لأول مرة؟


Mickey Mouse

Context: Melbourne (Australia) runs the annual Moomba festival street procession and appointed Mickey Mouse as their "King of Moomba" (1977). Although immensely popular with children, there was controversy with the appointment: some Melburnians wanted a 'home-grown' choice, e.g. Blinky Bill; when it was revealed that Patricia O'Carroll (from Disneyland's Disney on Parade show) was performing the mouse, Australian newspapers reported "Mickey Mouse is really a girl!"

Question: إلى من ينسب اختراع شخصية ميكي ماوس لأول مرة؟


Mickey Mouse

Context: Mickey was the Grand Marshal of the Tournament of Roses Parade on New Year's Day 2005. He was the first cartoon character to receive the honor and only the second fictional character after Kermit the Frog in 1996.

Question: إلى من ينسب اختراع شخصية ميكي ماوس لأول مرة؟


God in Hinduism

Context: Forms of theism find mention in the "Bhagavad Gita". Emotional or loving devotion ("bhakti") to a primary god such as avatars of Vishnu (Krishna for example), Shiva and Devi emerged in the early medieval period, and is now known as Bhakti movement.

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


God in Hinduism

Context: Contemporary Hinduism can be categorized into four major traditions: Vaishnavism, Shaivism, Shaktism, and Smartism. Vaishnavism, Shaivism, and Shaktism worship Vishnu, Shiva, and Devi — the Divine Mother — as the Supreme respectively, or consider all Hindu deities as aspects of the formless Supreme Reality or Brahman. Other minor sects such as Ganapatya and Saura focus on Ganesha and Surya as the Supreme.

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


God in Hinduism

Context: Hindus following Advaita Vedanta consider "Ātman" within every living being to be the same as Vishnu or Shiva or Devi, or alternatively identical to the eternal metaphysical Absolute, called "Brahman" in Hinduism. Such a philosophical system of Advaita or non-dualism as it developed in the Vedanta school of Hindu philosophy, especially as set out in the Upanishads and popularised by Adi Shankara in the 8th century has been influential on Hinduism.

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


God in Hinduism

Context: The idea that there can be and are plural perspectives for the same divine or spiritual principle repeats in the Vedic texts. For example, other than hymn 1.164 with this teaching, the more ancient hymn 5.3 of the "Rigveda" states:

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


God in Hinduism

Context: The Vedic era conceptualization of the divine or the One, states Jeaneane Fowler, is more abstract than a monotheistic God, it is the Reality behind and of the phenomenal universe. The Vedic hymns treat it as "limitless, indescribable, absolute principle", thus the Vedic divine is something of a panentheism rather than simple henotheism.

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


God in Hinduism

Context: In late Vedic era, around the start of Upanishadic age (), theosophical speculations emerge that develop concepts which scholars variously call nondualism or monism, as well as forms of non-theism and pantheism. An example of the questioning of the concept of God, in addition to henotheistic hymns found therein, are in later portions of the "Rigveda", such as the Nasadiya Sukta.

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


God in Hinduism

Context: Hinduism calls the metaphysical absolute concept as Brahman, incorporating within it the transcendent and immanent reality. Different schools of thought interpret Brahman as either personal, impersonal or transpersonal. Ishwar Chandra Sharma describes it as "Absolute Reality, beyond all dualities of existence and non-existence, light and darkness, and of time, space and cause".

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


God in Hinduism

Context: Monotheism is the belief in a single creator God and the lack of belief in any other Creator. Hinduism is not a monolithic faith and different sects may or may not posit or require such a belief. Religion is considered a personal belief in Hinduism and followers are free to choose the different interpretations within the framework of "karma" and "samsara". Many forms of Hinduism believe in a monotheistic God, such as Krishnaism, some schools of Vedanta, and Arya Samaj.

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


God in Hinduism

Context: Madhvacharya (1238–1317 CE) developed the Dvaita theology wherein Vishnu was presented as a monotheistic God, similar to major world religions. His writings led some such as George Abraham Grierson to suggest he was influenced by Christianity.

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


God in Hinduism

Context: In Hinduism, Brahman connotes the highest Universal Principle, the Ultimate Reality in the universe. In major schools of Hindu philosophy, it is the material, efficient, formal and final cause of all that exists. It is the pervasive, genderless, infinite, eternal truth and bliss which does not change, yet is the cause of all changes. Brahman as a metaphysical concept is the single binding unity behind the diversity in all that exists in the universe.

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


God in Hinduism

Context: Brahman is a Vedic Sanskrit word, and it is conceptualized in Hinduism, states Paul Deussen, as the "creative principle which lies realized in the whole world". Brahman is a key concept found in the Vedas, and it is extensively discussed in the early Upanishads. The Vedas conceptualize Brahman as the Cosmic Principle. In the Upanishads, it has been variously described as "Sat-cit-ānanda" (truth-consciousness-bliss) and as the unchanging, permanent, highest reality.

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


God in Hinduism

Context: Patanjali defines "Isvara" (Sanskrit: ईश्वर) in verse 24 of Book 1, as "a special Self (पुरुषविशेष, "puruṣa-viśeṣa")",

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


God in Hinduism

Context: This sutra of Yoga philosophy of Hinduism adds the characteristics of "Isvara" as that special Self which is unaffected (अपरामृष्ट, "aparamrsta") by one's obstacles/hardships (क्लेश, "klesha"), one's circumstances created by past or one's current actions (कर्म, "karma"), one's life fruits (विपाक, "vipâka"), and one's psychological dispositions/intentions (आशय, ashaya).

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


God in Hinduism

Context: Among various Bhakti path practicing sects of Hinduism, which built upon the Yoga school of Hinduism, Isvara can also mean a specific deity such as Vishnu, Krishna, Rama, Shiva, Lakshmi, Parvati and others.

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


God in Hinduism

Context: The theological interpretation of "" differs with each tradition and the literal translation of the term has been understood in several distinct ways. Translated from the Sanskrit language, the term literary means "Bhagavan Himself" or "directly Bhagavan". Others have translated it simply as "the Lord Himself".

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


God in Hinduism

Context: Within Hinduism, Krishna is worshiped from a variety of perspectives. Krishnaism is a tradition related to Vaishnavism wherein Krishna is considered "Svayam Bhagavan", meaning 'Lord Himself', and this title is used exclusively to designate Krishna as the Supreme Lord. Krishnava traditions of Hinduism consider him to be the source of all avatars, and the source of Vishnu himself, or to be the same as Narayana. As such, he is therefore regarded as "Svayam Bhagavan".

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


God in Hinduism

Context: In other sub-traditions of Vaishnavism, Krishna is one of many aspects and avatars of Vishnu (Rama is another, for example), recognized and understood from an eclectic assortment of perspectives and viewpoints. Vaishnavism is one of the earliest single God focussed traditions that derives its heritage from the Vedas.

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


God in Hinduism

Context: When followers of Vishnu-centered sampradayas of Vaishnavism describe Krishna as ""Svayam Bhagavan" it refers to their belief that Krishna is among the highest and fullest of all "Avatars" and is considered to be the "paripurna Avatara"", complete in all respects and the same as the original. According to them Krishna is described in the Bhagavata Purana as the "Purnavatara" (or complete manifestation) of the Bhagavan, while other incarnations are called partial.

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


God in Hinduism

Context: In Sri Vaishnavism, Krishna is viewed as one of the many "avatar"s of Narayana or Vishnu. The Sri Vaishnavism sub-tradition reveres goddess Lakshmi with god Vishnu as equivalent, and traces it roots its roots to the ancient Vedas and Pancaratra texts in Sanskrit.

Question: من إله المذهب الهندوسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: Since the December 2010 revolution in Tunisia and protests across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) began, Tunisian women have played an unprecedented part in the protests. Habib Bourguiba began instituting secular freedoms for women in 1956, such as access to higher education, the right to file for divorce, and certain job opportunities. Women in Tunisia enjoy certain freedoms and rights that are denied to women in neighboring countries, although the social norms have shifted since 2011.

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: As of 2008, the U.S. Population Reference Bureau reported that Tunisia's population of women between the ages of 15 and 49 was 3,000,000. By 2015, there will be 3,100,000 women of the same age bracket in the country. The life expectancy for women, from birth, is 76 years (men in Tunisia have a life expectancy of 72 years).

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: As for the reservations shown by Tunisia at the signing of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women in 1979, they show that those in power have not yet decided to take the step of equality. The agreement was signed on July 24, 1980, but with reservations, like other Muslim countries, concerning a few paragraphs of sections 15, 16 and 29 on the grounds of their contradictions with the provisions of the Code of Personal Status and the Quran.

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: On the occasion of the announcement on March 8, 2008 that the government would adhere to an additional protocol of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, coinciding with the International Women's Day, the president of the ATFD, Khadija Cherif, described the process as "positive but insufficient" and said it would continue "to advocate for the lifting of reservations that emptied the Convention of its meaning".

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: Tunisia observes several national holidays dedicated to women: International Women's Day (March 8) and August 13, the anniversary date of the implementation of the Code of Personal Status (Tunisia), which has become a public holiday called National Women's Day.

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: Since September 2017, Tunisian Muslim women are allowed to marry non-Muslims, that would scrap the old decree which requires the husbands to convert to Islam in order to complete an inter-faith marriage.

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: Colette Juillard-Beaudan believes that Tunisian women, And this type of propaganda bore fruit as the country enjoyed, during the reign of Bourguiba, a solid reputation of national and civil secular in a region that more often consists of military dictatorships or monarchies connected to religion, as the CSP was itself declared in an authoritarian manner, since it was not debated publicly or in the Tunisian Constituent Assembly.

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: On February 9, 1994, a Tunisian Women's Day was organized by the Senate of France under the slogan "Une modernité assumée, la Tunisie" (in English: Tunisia: Embracing Modernity). Shortly after a debate organized in June 1997 in the European Parliament on the situation of human rights in Tunisia, Tunisians were dispatched to Strasbourg to give Europe another image of their country.

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: A series of laudatory articles followed in the French press on the condition of women in Tunisia. In October 1997, during Ben Ali's official visit to France, the Tunisian regime's defenders also cited the status of women, while ignoring the criticisms of the organizations defending human rights:

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: In this context, filmmaker Moufida Tlatli — made famous by her film "The Silences of the Palace" (1994) — was heavily criticized in the Tunisian magazine "Réalités" for having shown her scepticism towards the supposed feminism of Islam during a television program broadcast in France in October 1994:

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: On August 13, 2003, the 47th anniversary of the enactment of the CSP, the Ligue tunisienne des droits de l'homme (in English: Tunisian League of Human Rights) declared :

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: While recent changes under the new government of the Ennahda Movement have lifted restrictions on wearing the hijab, a broader shift in social values toward Muslim conservatism has caused women to feel more restricted in many ways. A number of women complain that they can no longer wear skirts because of harassment by men. Additionally, they state that hijabs have become a social requirement instead of an option.

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: Although these facts appear to put women in Tunisia on par with Western women, only 30% of women are employed. Women's minimal participation in the work force does not derive from lack of education. In fact, 91% of Tunisian women, between the ages of 15 and 24, are literate. Young women represent 59.5% of students enrolled in higher education in Tunisia.

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: Women constitute 28% of the workforce of Tunisia in 2015, an increase from 20.9% in 1989 and only 5.5% in 1966.

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: They work in all areas of business, as well as the Army, the Civil Aviation or Military and police and represent 72% of pharmacists, 42% of the medical profession, 27% of judges, 31% of lawyers and 40% of university instructors. In addition, between 10,000 and 15,000 of them are entrepreneurs. However, unemployment affects women more than men since 16.7% of women work in private employment rather than the 12.9% rate of men as of 2004.

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: From 1999 to 2004, job creation for women grew at a rate of 3.21%, to produce an average of 19,800 jobs per year.

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: Immediately prior to the Tunisian revolution of 2011, women represented 14.89% of the government, 27.57% (59 of 214) of the elected members of the Chamber of Deputies elected on October 25, 2009, 27.06% of municipal councillors and 18% of the members of the Economic and Social Council.

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: Moreover, in the absence of a law on equality (after the Tunisian revolution of 2011), the principle of parity was adopted in April 2011 for the election of the Tunisian Constituent Assembly of 2011.

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: In 2017 a law was passed that, among other things, declared that men who had sex with underage girls would not be able to avoid being prosecuted by marrying those girls, changed the age of consent from 13 to 16, criminalized marital rape and sexual harassment, and made wage and work discrimination against women punishable by a fine of 2,000 Tunisian dinars ($817).

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: The Ennahda Movement is Tunisia's most popular Islamic party and the party with the largest number of seats in the Constituent Assembly. However, due to its foundation on Islamic thought, the party has gained the largest number of critics nationally and internationally, and specifically regarding women's rights. Since the 2011 revolution, the party stated the following in regards to Tunisian women and what would happen if they were to get elected:

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: In addition, the party voted in favor of full gender equality in the October Elections, and they were the most effective of all parties in mobilizing women in rural areas. Rural areas are commonly dominated by males in the Arab world.

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: Until 2017, Article 227 of the Tunisia Criminal Code provided a rapist with exemption to avoid all investigations or legal consequences if he married his victim. Laws of this kind have been termed "marry-your-rapist" laws. There has been an increasing trend towards repealing laws providing this impunity, with Tunisia following suit in July 2017.

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: Laws of this type are historically common and still exist around the globe. Tunisia is a nation that places great cultural importance on the chastity of women. In such cultures, the loss of chastity has significant societal consequences for the woman and her family; regardless of whether this violation has been non-consensual. The duty to be a virgin was found to be considered a "social rule to be maintained" by 90% of Tunisian women aged between 15 and 59 years.

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: The Tunisian campaigns for repeal were supported by the collective action of regional feminist organisations such as the Tunisian Association of Democratic Women collaborating efforts with activist NGOs like the International Federation of Human Rights. The Tunisian Ministry for Women, Family and Children also called for the order to be nullified as a violation of article 20 of the Child Protection Code aimed at safeguarding interests of a minor.

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Women in Tunisia

Context: Reform following public outcry for repeal has been seen worldwide, with Tunisia joining countries such as Lebanon, Costa Rica, Uruguay, Peru, Romania and France that have repealed marry-your-rapist laws. However, countries such as Algeria, Iraq, Kuwait, Bahrain, Palestine and Syria currently retain provisions providing perpetrators impunity from rape prosecution.

Question: ما هي عقوبة التحرش الجنسي في القانون التونسي ؟


Africa Cup of Nations

Context: The Africa Cup of Nations referred to as AFCON (, sometimes referred to as CAN, or TotalEnergies Africa Cup of Nations for sponsorship reasons), and sometimes as African Cup of Nations, is the main international men's association football competition in Africa. It is sanctioned by the Confederation of African Football (CAF), and was first held in 1957. Since 1968, it has been held every two years, switching to odd-numbered years in 2013.

Question: من أول من فاز بأول كأس إفريقيا للأمم لكرة القدم؟


Africa Cup of Nations

Context: In 1990, the 1990 African Cup of Nations was the 17th edition of the Africa Cup of Nations, the football championship of Africa (CAF). It was hosted by Algeria. Just like in 1988, the field of eight teams was split into two groups of four. Algeria won its first championship, beating Nigeria in the final 1–0. Nigeria lost once again as they made their third final appearance in four tournaments, this time falling to host Algeria.

Question: من أول من فاز بأول كأس إفريقيا للأمم لكرة القدم؟


Africa Cup of Nations

Context: The Cameroonians beat first-time finalists Senegal, who also debuted in the World Cup later that year, via penalty kicks. Both finalists were eliminated in the quarter finals two years later in Tunisia, where the hosts won their first title, beating Morocco 2–1 in the final.

Question: من أول من فاز بأول كأس إفريقيا للأمم لكرة القدم؟


Africa Cup of Nations

Context: In 2011, Morocco won the bid to host the 2015 edition, and Libya won the right to host the 2013 tournament, but the 2011 Libyan civil war prompted Libya and South Africa to trade years, with South Africa hosting in 2013 and Libya hosting in 2017. Ongoing fighting in Libya ultimately prompted CAF to move the 2017 tournament to Gabon).

Question: من أول من فاز بأول كأس إفريقيا للأمم لكرة القدم؟


Africa Cup of Nations

Context: In 2012, Zambia won the final after a penalty shootout against Ivory Coast. This drew increased media attention since the match took place in Gabon, only a few hundred meters from the crash site of the 1993 air disaster of their national team. The 2013 tournament was won by Nigeria, beating first time finalists Burkina Faso.

Question: من أول من فاز بأول كأس إفريقيا للأمم لكرة القدم؟


Africa Cup of Nations

Context: In 2014–15, the West African Ebola virus epidemic disrupted the tournament. All football activities in Liberia were suspended, and the Antoinette Tubman Stadium in Monrovia was converted into an Ebola treatment unit. The 2015 Africa Cup of Nations was scheduled to be held in Morocco, but they refused to hold the tournament on the allotted dates due to concerns of the Ebola outbreak, so it was moved to Equatorial Guinea.

Question: من أول من فاز بأول كأس إفريقيا للأمم لكرة القدم؟


Africa Cup of Nations

Context: In July 2016, Total secured the rights to an eight-year sponsorship package to support 10 of CAF's principal competitions. This began with the 2017 Africa Cup of Nations in Gabon which was renamed the "Total Africa Cup of Nations".

Question: من أول من فاز بأول كأس إفريقيا للأمم لكرة القدم؟


Africa Cup of Nations

Context: Under Ahmad Ahmad's presidency, there were discussions regarding further changes to the Africa Cup of Nations. In July 2017, two changes were proposed: switching the timing of the competition from January to the Northern Hemisphere summer and expanding from 16 to 24 teams (effective from the 2019 Africa Cup of Nations). On 20 July 2017, the CAF Executive Commission approved the propositions at a meeting in Rabat, Morocco.

Question: من أول من فاز بأول كأس إفريقيا للأمم لكرة القدم؟


Africa Cup of Nations

Context: Algeria won the African Cup of Nations 2019, achieving a 1–0 victory against Senegal in the final. The title was Algeria's second ever and first since 1990. Nigeria came third after beating Tunisia 1–0 in their third-place decider match. The prize money awarded to the 2019 Africa Cup of Nations winner amounted to $4.5 million while runners-up Senegal got $2.5 million..

Question: من أول من فاز بأول كأس إفريقيا للأمم لكرة القدم؟


Africa Cup of Nations

Context: Since the 1962 edition, this competition has been held in two phases: a qualification phase (or called the elimination phase) and a final tournament. The host country of the final tournament is automatically qualified, and in the first editions the defending champion was also qualified for the following tournament.

Question: من أول من فاز بأول كأس إفريقيا للأمم لكرة القدم؟


Africa Cup of Nations

Context: Only the hosts received an automatic qualification spot, with the other 23 teams qualifying through a qualification tournament. At the finals, the 24 teams were drawn into six groups of four teams each. The teams in each group played a single round robin.

Question: من أول من فاز بأول كأس إفريقيا للأمم لكرة القدم؟


Africa Cup of Nations

Context: After the group stage, the top two teams and the four best third-placed teams advanced to the round of 16. The winners advanced to the quarter-finals. The winners of the quarter-finals advanced to the semi-finals. The losers of the semi-finals played in a third place play-off, while winners of the semi-finals played in the final.

Question: من أول من فاز بأول كأس إفريقيا للأمم لكرة القدم؟


Africa Cup of Nations

Context: The second trophy was awarded from 1980 to 2000, and was named "Trophy of African Unity" or "African Unity Cup". It was given to CAF by the Supreme Council for Sports in Africa prior to the 1980 tournament and it was a cylindrical piece with the Olympic rings over a map of the continent engraved on it. It sat on a squared base and had stylized triangular handles. Cameroon won the Unity Cup indefinitely after they became three-time champions in 2000.

Question: من أول من فاز بأول كأس إفريقيا للأمم لكرة القدم؟


Africa Cup of Nations

Context: CAF give 30 gold medals to the winning team, 30 silver medals to the runners-up, 30 bronze medals to the team ranked third and 30 diplomas to the team ranked fourth in the final tournament.

Question: من أول من فاز بأول كأس إفريقيا للأمم لكرة القدم؟


Africa Cup of Nations

Context: Teams that have won the Africa Cup of Nations consecutively and have become two-time champions (two consecutive titles) or three-time champions (three consecutive titles).

Question: من أول من فاز بأول كأس إفريقيا للأمم لكرة القدم؟


Rebuild of Evangelion

Context: The film tetralogy uses digital ink and paint, some 3D CG animation, and provides new scenes, settings and characters, with a completely new conclusion in the fourth and final film. Another stated intention of the series is for it to be more accessible to non-fans than the original TV series and films were.

Question: من مؤلف  سلسلة نيون جينيسيس إيفانجيليون؟


Rebuild of Evangelion

Context: "Rebuild of Evangelion" was originally presented as an alternate retelling of the original "Neon Genesis Evangelion" anime series: the first three movies were intended to be an "alternate retelling" of the series, while the fourth and final film is promised to be an entirely new, alternate ending to the series.

Question: من مؤلف  سلسلة نيون جينيسيس إيفانجيليون؟


Rebuild of Evangelion

Context: "Evangelion: 1.0 You Are (Not) Alone" is a nearly line-for-line, shot-for-shot remake of episodes 1-6. Despite the great similarities, some differences are notable, like the introduction of Lilith and a mysterious apparition of Kaworu on the moon.

Question: من مؤلف  سلسلة نيون جينيسيس إيفانجيليون؟


Rebuild of Evangelion

Context: "Evangelion: 2.0 You Can (Not) Advance" continues the story of "Evangelion: 1.0 You Are (Not) Alone", and is a much looser retelling or re-imagining of episodes 8 through 19. Its differences from these episodes include newly designed creatures and new characters, such as Mari Illustrious Makinami. Asuka is introduced in this movie bearing a new surname, and some other differences from her past incarnation.

Question: من مؤلف  سلسلة نيون جينيسيس إيفانجيليون؟


Rebuild of Evangelion

Context: "Evangelion: 3.0 You Can (Not) Redo" is the first movie to completely break from the original continuity and tell a truly original story, but heavily featuring a character seen only in episode 24 of the original series. In it, a time-skip is established from the last film, taking place 14 years after previous events. A new organization called Wille is introduced and described as a NERV rival. New types of Evas are introduced, as well as new characters such as Sakura Suzuhara, Toji's sister.

Question: من مؤلف  سلسلة نيون جينيسيس إيفانجيليون؟


Rebuild of Evangelion

Context: "Evangelion: 3.0+1.0 Thrice Upon a Time" concludes the story. In it are presented some connections with "End of Evangelion" and some remarkable scenes from the original show. It shows the final conflict between NERV and WILLE, as well as between Gendo and Shinji, revealing some major points of the plot.

Question: من مؤلف  سلسلة نيون جينيسيس إيفانجيليون؟


Rebuild of Evangelion

Context: Anno initially began work on "Rebuild" films in the fall of 2002, spending nearly six months on pre-production before being delayed by various other projects (such as "Cutie Honey", the "" OVA, and even a few movie roles). This included watching the entire original series back-to-back. In the December 2006 issue of "Newtype", Anno revealed he was happy to finally recreate Eva "as he wanted it to be" in the beginning and that he was no longer constrained by technological and budget limitations.

Question: من مؤلف  سلسلة نيون جينيسيس إيفانجيليون؟


Rebuild of Evangelion

Context: The release schedule of the "Rebuild" films has experienced many delays, with the pushed from its original summer release date to fall 2007, and the release date shifted from 2008 to summer 2009. The , initially announced as a simultaneous release with "" in the summer of 2008, was released in fall 2012.

Question: من مؤلف  سلسلة نيون جينيسيس إيفانجيليون؟


Rebuild of Evangelion

Context: To encourage staying at home during the COVID-19 pandemic, the three released movies have been made available to watch for free at the official EVA-EXTRA app, and for a limited time, at the official YouTube channel of Studio Khara.

Question: من مؤلف  سلسلة نيون جينيسيس إيفانجيليون؟


Rebuild of Evangelion

Context: In contrast with the television series, Matisse Pro EB font was used for Japanese and English texts, with Neue Helvetica, Futura, Eurostile also used for English texts. On 10 November 2016, Fontworks began selling the Matisse EB TrueType edition family, which includes the television series and "Rebuild of Evangelion" versions of the font.

Question: من مؤلف  سلسلة نيون جينيسيس إيفانجيليون؟


Rebuild of Evangelion

Context: In February 2022, Studio Khara, Toei Company, Toho Company, and Tsuburaya Productions announced a collaborative project titled "Shin Japan Heroes Universe" for merchandise, special events and tie-ins. The project will unite properties that Anno had worked on bearing the title "Shin", such as "Rebuild of Evangelion", "Shin Godzilla", "Shin Ultraman" and "Shin Kamen Rider".

Question: من مؤلف  سلسلة نيون جينيسيس إيفانجيليون؟


UEFA

Context: UEFA represents the national football associations of Europe, runs nation and club competitions including the UEFA European Championship, UEFA Nations League, UEFA Champions League, UEFA Europa League, UEFA Europa Conference League, and UEFA Super Cup, and controls the prize money, regulations, and media rights to those competitions.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: Henri Delaunay acted as the first general secretary and Ebbe Schwartz as the first president. The current president is Aleksander Čeferin, a former Football Association of Slovenia president, who was elected as UEFA's seventh president at the 12th Extraordinary UEFA Congress in Athens in September 2016, and automatically became a vice-president of the world body FIFA.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: UEFA's main headquarters after its foundation were located in Paris, but moved to Bern in 1960. They moved to Nyon, Switzerland, in 1995, where they operated out of temporary offices until 1999 while the organisation's current headquarters were under construction.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: Some UEFA members are transcontinental states (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia and Turkey) and others are considered part of Europe both culturally and politically (Cyprus). Countries which had been members of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) were also admitted to the European football association, such as Israel (because it had been banned from the AFC group in 1974) and Kazakhstan.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: On 28 February 2022, due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and in accordance with a recommendation by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), the UEFA suspended the participation of Russia. The Russian Football Union unsuccessfully appealed the UEFA ban to the Court of Arbitration for Sport, which upheld the ban.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: There are several national teams within Europe that are not members of UEFA. Many of them are instead affiliated with CONIFA.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: UEFA runs official international competitions in Europe and some countries of Northern, Southwestern and Central Asia for national teams and professional clubs, known as "UEFA competitions", some of which are regarded as the world's most prestigious tournaments.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: UEFA also runs national competitions at Under-21, Under-19 and Under-17 levels. For women's national teams, UEFA operates the UEFA Women's Championship for senior national sides as well as Women's Under-19 and Women's Under-17 Championships.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: Beside continental European competitions for national and their junior teams, the UEFA organizes various qualification male and female tournaments among European national and their junior teams for World Cups (organized by FIFA) and Olympics (organized by IOC).

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: The Italian, German, Spanish, French and Russian men's national teams are the only teams to have won the European football championship in all categories.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: The top-ranked UEFA competition is the UEFA Champions League, which started in the 1992/93 season and gathers the top 1–4 teams of each country's league (the number of teams depend on that country's ranking and can be upgraded or downgraded); this competition was re-structured from a previous one that only gathered the top team of each country (held from 1955 to 1992 and known as the European Champion Clubs' Cup or simply the European Cup).

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: A second, lower-ranked competition is the UEFA Europa League. This competition, for national knockout cup winners and high-placed league teams, was launched by UEFA in 1971 as a successor of both the former UEFA Cup and the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup (also begun in 1955). A third competition, the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, which had started in 1960, was absorbed into the UEFA Cup (now UEFA Europa League) in 1999.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: In December 2018, UEFA announced the creation of a third club competition, later named the UEFA Europa Conference League. The competition proper features 32 teams in 8 groups of 4, with a knockout round between the second placed teams in Europa Conference League and the third placed teams in the Europa League, leading to a final 16 knockout stage featuring the eight group winners. The first edition of the competition began in 2021.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: In women's football UEFA also conducts the UEFA Women's Champions League for club teams. The competition was first held in 2001, and known as the UEFA Women's Cup until 2009.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: The UEFA Super Cup pits the winners of the Champions League against the winners of the Europa League (previously the winners of the Cup Winners' Cup), and came into being in 1973.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: The UEFA Intertoto Cup was a summer competition, previously operated by several Central European football associations, which was relaunched and recognised as official UEFA club competition by UEFA in 1995. The last Intertoto Cup took place in 2008.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: The European/South American Cup was jointly organised with CONMEBOL between the Champions League and the Copa Libertadores winners.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: Juventus of Italy was the first team in Europe—remaining the only one to date (2021)—to win all UEFA's official championships and cups and, in commemoration of achieving that feat, have received "The UEFA Plaque" by the Union of European Football Associations on 12 July 1988.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: UEFA's premier futsal competition is the UEFA Futsal Cup, a tournament started in 2001 which replaced the former Futsal European Clubs Championship. This event, despite enjoying a long and well-established tradition in the European futsal community, dating back to 1984, was never recognised as official by UEFA.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: For each tournament, the flag of the host country and the number of teams in each finals tournament (in brackets) are shown.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


UEFA

Context: In 2019 UEFA's decision to host Europa League Cup final in Baku, Azerbaijan left one of the finalists, Arsenal, with a decision to withdraw their Armenian player Henrikh Mkhitaryan out of the competition due to safety concerns., and there has been long-standing debates about the extent to which the elite clubs or UEFA itself should exert the most influence on the game.

Question: متى تأسس الاتحاد الأوروبي لكرة القدم الأوروبية الامريكية؟


Federal Reserve

Context: The Federal Reserve System is composed of several layers. It is governed by the presidentially-appointed board of governors or Federal Reserve Board (FRB). Twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks, located in cities throughout the nation, regulate and oversee privately owned commercial banks. Nationally chartered commercial banks are required to hold stock in, and can elect some board members of, the Federal Reserve Bank of their region.

Question: متى تاسس البنك الفيدرالي الامريكي؟


Federal Reserve

Context: Because some banks refused to clear checks from certain other banks during times of economic uncertainty, a check-clearing system was created in the Federal Reserve System. It is briefly described in "The Federal Reserve SystemPurposes and Functions" as follows:

Question: متى تاسس البنك الفيدرالي الامريكي؟


Federal Reserve

Context: In the United States, the Federal Reserve serves as the lender of last resort to those institutions that cannot obtain credit elsewhere and the collapse of which would have serious implications for the economy. It took over this role from the private sector "clearing houses" which operated during the ; whether public or private, the availability of liquidity was intended to prevent bank runs.

Question: متى تاسس البنك الفيدرالي الامريكي؟


Federal Reserve

Context: Through its discount window and credit operations, Reserve Banks provide liquidity to banks to meet short-term needs stemming from seasonal fluctuations in deposits or unexpected withdrawals. Longer-term liquidity may also be provided in exceptional circumstances. The rate the Fed charges banks for these loans is called the discount rate (officially the primary credit rate).

Question: متى تاسس البنك الفيدرالي الامريكي؟


Federal Reserve

Context: By making these loans, the Fed serves as a buffer against unexpected day-to-day fluctuations in reserve demand and supply. This contributes to the effective functioning of the banking system, alleviates pressure in the reserves market and reduces the extent of unexpected movements in the interest rates. For example, on September 16, 2008, the Federal Reserve Board authorized an $85 billion loan to stave off the bankruptcy of international insurance giant American International Group (AIG).

Question: متى تاسس البنك الفيدرالي الامريكي؟


Federal Reserve

Context: Federal reserve accounts contain federal reserve credit, which can be converted into federal reserve notes. Private banks maintain their bank reserves in federal reserve accounts.

Question: متى تاسس البنك الفيدرالي الامريكي؟


Federal Reserve

Context: The Federal Reserve regulates private banks. The system was designed out of a compromise between the competing philosophies of privatization and government regulation. In 2006 Donald L. Kohn, vice chairman of the board of governors, summarized the history of this compromise:

Question: متى تاسس البنك الفيدرالي الامريكي؟


Federal Reserve

Context: The balance between private interests and government can also be seen in the structure of the system. Private banks elect members of the board of directors at their regional Federal Reserve Bank while the members of the board of governors are selected by the President of the United States and confirmed by the Senate.

Question: متى تاسس البنك الفيدرالي الامريكي؟


Federal Reserve

Context: The Federal Banking Agency Audit Act, enacted in 1978 as Public Law 95-320 and 31 U.S.C. section 714 establish that the board of governors of the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Reserve banks may be audited by the Government Accountability Office (GAO).

Question: متى تاسس البنك الفيدرالي الامريكي؟