Demographics of New Zealand

Context: Education follows the three-tier model, which includes primary schools, followed by secondary schools (high schools) and tertiary education at universities or polytechnics. The Programme for International Student Assessment ranked New Zealand's education as the seventh highest in 2009. The Education Index, published with the UN's 2014 Human Development Index and based on data from 2013, listed New Zealand at 0.917, ranked second after Australia.

Question: 뉴질랜드에는 얼마나 많은 인구가 살고 있는가?


Demographics of New Zealand

Context: The predominant religion in New Zealand is Christianity. As recorded in the 2018 census, about 38 percent of the population identified themselves as Christians, although regular church attendance is estimated at 15 percent. Another 48.5 percent indicated that they had no religion (up from 41.9 percent in 2013 and 34.7 percent in 2006) and around 7.5 percent affiliated with other religions.

Question: 뉴질랜드에는 얼마나 많은 인구가 살고 있는가?


Demographics of New Zealand

Context: The indigenous religion of the Māori population was animistic, but with the arrival of missionaries from the early nineteenth century most of the Māori population converted to Christianity. In the 2018 census, 3,699 Māori identify themselves as adhering to "Māori religions, beliefs and philosophies".

Question: 뉴질랜드에는 얼마나 많은 인구가 살고 있는가?


Telephone numbers in Oceania

Context: Telephone numbers in Oceania use a variety of area codes to denote their location along with their own area code depending on the country's geographic makeup. They also have other prefixes to denote different types of mobile services and international calls. There are exceptions because of regional variations and time zones.

Question: 오스트레일리아의 국가번호는 무엇인가요?


Telephone numbers in Oceania

Context: Telephone numbers in Australia consist of a single-digit area code (prefixed with a '0' when dialing within Australia) and eight-digit local numbers, the first four, five or six of which specify the exchange, and the remaining four, three or two a line at that exchange. (Most exchanges though have several exchange codes.) Within Australia, the area code is only required to call from one area code to another.

Question: 오스트레일리아의 국가번호는 무엇인가요?


Telephone numbers in Oceania

Context: Australia is divided geographically into a small number of large area codes, some of which cover more than one state and territory. Prior to the introduction of eight-digit numbers in the early-to-mid-1990s, telephone numbers were seven digits in the major capital cities, with a double-digit area code, and six digits in other areas with a three-digit area code. There were more than sixty such codes by 1990, with numbers running out, thus spurring the reorganization.

Question: 오스트레일리아의 국가번호는 무엇인가요?


Telephone numbers in Oceania

Context: Following reorganization of the numbering plan between 1994 and 1998, the following numbering ranges are now used:

Question: 오스트레일리아의 국가번호는 무엇인가요?


Telephone numbers in Oceania

Context: National numbers have no geographic significance. Other numbers relate to a particular telephone service area.

Question: 오스트레일리아의 국가번호는 무엇인가요?


Telephone numbers in Oceania

Context: Since 1993, land-line telephone numbers in New Zealand consist of a single-digit area code and seven-digit local numbers, the first three of which generally specify the exchange and the final four a line at that exchange. The domestic long distance prefix is '0'.

Question: 오스트레일리아의 국가번호는 무엇인가요?


Telephone numbers in Oceania

Context: There are five regional area codes in use for landline calls, For example, a domestic toll call destined for a South Island location requires the dial prefix '03', being domestic-long-distance + 3 for the South Island.

Question: 오스트레일리아의 국가번호는 무엇인가요?


Telephone numbers in Oceania

Context: Mobile phone numbers are prefixed with 02, followed by one digit and the subscriber's number, which is either six, seven or eight digits, dialled in full, e.g. 021 xxx xxx or 027 xxx xxxx. With the introduction of number portability the number prefix is no longer a sure indicator as to the terminating network, but the following table lists the "default" mobile numbering prefixes:

Question: 오스트레일리아의 국가번호는 무엇인가요?


Telephone numbers in Oceania

Context: Free call services generally use the prefix 0800 (via Telecom NZ) or 0508 (via TelstraClear), while local rate (usually internet access numbers) have the prefix 08xx. Premium rate services use the code 0900 followed by five digits. Neither of these are accessible internationally.

Question: 오스트레일리아의 국가번호는 무엇인가요?


Telephone numbers in Oceania

Context: The International dialing prefix is '00', though other prefixes are available (i.e. 0161, for discounted rates, or 0168, for access to USA 1800 numbers).

Question: 오스트레일리아의 국가번호는 무엇인가요?


Telephone numbers in Oceania

Context: To dial into New Zealand from overseas, the leading 0 should be dropped from all area codes. (For example, an 021 xxx xxxx number would be reached by dialing +64 21 xxx xxxx).

Question: 오스트레일리아의 국가번호는 무엇인가요?


Telephone numbers in Oceania

Context: The following territories of the United States are part of the North American Numbering Plan, and no longer have their own country codes:

Question: 오스트레일리아의 국가번호는 무엇인가요?


Yonsei University

Context: The Yonsei University Medical School dates to April 10, 1885, when the first modern hospital to practice Western medicine in Korea, "Gwanghyewon", was established.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: The rest of Yonsei University traces its origins to Chosun Christian College, which was founded on March 5, 1915, by an American Protestant missionary, Horace Grant Underwood sent by the church. Underwood became the first president, and Avison became the vice president. It was located at the YMCA. Courses began in April with 60 students and 18 faculty members.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: The department of agriculture was closed after 1922 when its first graduates left Yonhi. Efforts were made to revive this department, without much success. However, Yonhi installed a training center for agricultural leaders on campus, with impressive results.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: Yonhi was liberal in its admission of non-Christians. Its policy was to admit non-Christians relatively freely and allow the majority Christian students to gradually influence and assimilate them.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: On an individual level, Yonhi faculty members and its students were apprehended or investigated during this period for their involvement in real and alleged resistance movements.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: Yun Dong-ju (윤동주; 尹東柱), a 1941 graduate of Yonhi School who joined the Korean independence movement, left many poems about patriotism and self-reflection. He was imprisoned by the Japanese, and died from torture and harsh treatment in 1945.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: The US military neglected the restitution of Yonhi and held other plans to use it as a military hospital or judiciary training center. With time, nevertheless, Yonhi came to be viewed as a missionary institution that was dispossessed by the governor-general.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: In 1957, Severance Medical College and Hospital and Yonhi University merged to form Yonsei University.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: Inside Korea, admission to a SKY university is widely considered as a determination of one's career and social status.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: Yonsei University was ranked 36th in Reuters' "The world's most innovative university", which was announced in September 2015.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: Yonsei International Summer School (YISS), usually held from late June to early August, started in 1985, and it has grown over 1,300 students from over 30 countries.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: Winter Abroad at Yonsei (WAY) is a relatively new program, started 2013. The winter program is composed of two separate 3-week sessions which start in late December.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: Yonsei University's Exchange/Visiting Student Programs offer opportunities to students who plan to study for a year or a semester in Korea.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: A school's founding ideology and a student's freedom of religion has been debated in South Korean society for some time. As of 2009, a student does not have to be an active Christian to be admitted to Yonsei University.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: In 2010, Yonsei University entered an agreement with The United Methodist Church, in which the university will serve as the regional office for the Methodist Global Education Fund for Leadership Development.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: Akaraka is the official college festival for Yonsei students that is usually held on May. During the festival, many prominent singers and celebrities perform.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: It is strictly forbidden by the university code of conduct to discriminate against students from non-Christian backgrounds, yet as a missionary school, Yonsei undergraduates are required to attend weekly chapel service for four semesters to qualify for graduation.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: There are more than 100 clubs at Yonsei University; the clubs listed here do not represent all clubs on campus.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: Yonsei University is a member of the Korea University Sports Federation (KUSF) and its men's football/soccer, men's basketball, baseball and men's ice hockey teams participate in the KUSF U-League. Its mascot is the eagle and its student-athletes are thus informally known as "Eagles".

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: Many students in each university come to this event to cheer for their teams. Such the importance of athletic match-ups between the two universities in university culture that celebrities and professional athletes who are alumni have been spotted attending matches or referencing it in interviews.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: Until 2012, Yonsei recorded 18 winning seasons, 8 draws, and 16 losses. In 2012, out of the five sports, Yonsei University lost three (baseball, basketball, soccer) and won two (ice hockey, rugby). In 2017, Yonsei university won all five games. In 2018, Yonsei university won three games (rugby, soccer and basketball) and lost one (ice hockey). Baseball was cancelled due to the rain. In 2020, all sports matches were cancelled due to the COVID-19 outbreak.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: The dormitory of the International Campus is composed of 12 houses. Until 2013, there were eight houses: Avison, Yun Dong-Joo, Muak, Yoongjae, Underwood, Baek Yang, Appenzeller (previously Aristotle), and Allen. In 2014, four more houses were founded: Evergreen, Wonchul, Chi Won, and Cheongsong.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Yonsei University

Context: The sections "Beginnings, Under Japanese Rule (I), Under Japanese Rule (II): The War Machine, Liberation and the Korean War" are largely based on 연세대학교백년사 "100 Years of Yonsei University History", Yonsei University Press.

Question: 연세대학교는 어느 도시에 있는가?


Context: Visa requirements for Colombian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Colombia.

Question: 콜롬비아에서 직항으로 갈 수 있는 나라는 몇 개국인가?


Context: As of 12 January 2022, Colombian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 131 countries and territories ranking the Colombian passport 39th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.

Question: 콜롬비아에서 직항으로 갈 수 있는 나라는 몇 개국인가?


Context: Citizens of Colombia do not need a passport when travelling to Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay. For these countries, they may use just their national identification cards.

Question: 콜롬비아에서 직항으로 갈 수 있는 나라는 몇 개국인가?


Solar rotation

Context: where formula_2 is the angular velocity in degrees per day, formula_3 is the solar latitude and A, B, and C are constants. The values of A, B, and C differ depending on the techniques used to make the measurement, as well as the time period studied. A current set of accepted average values is:

Question: 태양의 공전주기는 얼마나 되나요?


Solar rotation

Context: The Sun's rotation is counterclockwise as viewed looking down from an imaginary point above the Sun's North Pole. When viewed from an imaginary point above the Earth's North Pole, sunspots are seen to move from left to right across the Sun's face. In Stonyhurst heliographic coordinates, the left side of the Sun's face is called East, and the right side of the Sun's face is call West. Therefore, sunspots are said to move across the Sun's face from east to west.

Question: 태양의 공전주기는 얼마나 되나요?


Solar rotation

Context: Bartels' Rotation Number is a serial count that numbers the apparent rotations of the Sun as viewed from Earth, and is used to track certain recurring or shifting patterns of solar activity. For this purpose, each rotation has a length of exactly 27 days, close to the synodic Carrington rotation rate. Julius Bartels arbitrarily assigned rotation one day one to 8 February 1832. The serial number serves as a kind of calendar to mark the recurrence periods of solar and geophysical parameters.

Question: 태양의 공전주기는 얼마나 되나요?


Solar rotation

Context: The Carrington rotation is a system for comparing locations on the Sun over a period of time, allowing the following of sunspot groups or reappearance of eruptions at a later time.

Question: 태양의 공전주기는 얼마나 되나요?


Solar rotation

Context: The heliographic longitude of a solar feature conventionally refers to its angular distance relative to the central meridian, i.e. that which the Sun-Earth line defines.

Question: 태양의 공전주기는 얼마나 되나요?


Solar rotation

Context: The "Carrington longitude" of the same feature refers to an arbitrary fixed reference point of an imagined rigid rotation, as defined originally by Richard Christopher Carrington.

Question: 태양의 공전주기는 얼마나 되나요?


Solar rotation

Context: Carrington determined the solar rotation rate from low latitude sunspots in the 1850s and arrived at 25.38 days for the sidereal rotation period. Sidereal rotation is measured relative to the stars, but because the Earth is orbiting the Sun, we see this period as 27.2753 days.

Question: 태양의 공전주기는 얼마나 되나요?


Solar rotation

Context: It is possible to construct a diagram with the longitude of sunspots horizontally and time vertically. The longitude is measured by the time of crossing the central meridian and based on the Carrington rotations. In each rotation, plotted under the preceding ones, most sunspots or other phenomena will reappear directly below the same phenomenon on the previous rotation. There may be slight drifts left or right over longer periods of time.

Question: 태양의 공전주기는 얼마나 되나요?


Solar rotation

Context: The Bartels "musical diagram" or the Condegram spiral plot are other techniques for expressing the approximate 27-day periodicity of various phenomena originating at the solar surface.

Question: 태양의 공전주기는 얼마나 되나요?


History of astronomy

Context: Calendars of the world have often been set by observations of the Sun and Moon (marking the day, month and year), and were important to agricultural societies, in which the harvest depended on planting at the correct time of year, and for which the nearly full moon was the only lighting for night-time travel into city markets.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: The common modern calendar is based on the Roman calendar. Although originally a lunar calendar, it broke the traditional link of the month to the phases of the Moon and divided the year into twelve almost-equal months, that mostly alternated between thirty and thirty-one days. Julius Caesar instigated calendar reform in 46 BCE and introduced what is now called the Julian calendar, based upon the 365  day year length originally proposed by the 4th century BCE Greek astronomer Callippus.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Since 1990 our understanding of prehistoric Europeans has been radically changed by discoveries of ancient astronomical artifacts throughout Europe. The artifacts demonstrate that Neolithic and Bronze Age Europeans had a sophisticated knowledge of mathematics and astronomy.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Classical sources frequently use the term Chaldeans for the astronomers of Mesopotamia, who were, in reality, priest-scribes specializing in astrology and other forms of divination.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: A significant increase in the quality and frequency of Babylonian observations appeared during the reign of Nabonassar (747–733 BC). The systematic records of ominous phenomena in Babylonian astronomical diaries that began at this time allowed for the discovery of a repeating 18-year cycle of lunar eclipses, for example. The Greek astronomer Ptolemy later used Nabonassar's reign to fix the beginning of an era, since he felt that the earliest usable observations began at this time.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Babylonian astronomy was the basis for much of what was done in Greek and Hellenistic astronomy, in classical Indian astronomy, in Sassanian Iran, in Byzantium, in Syria, in Islamic astronomy, in Central Asia, and in Western Europe.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Aryabhata (476–550), in his magnum opus "Aryabhatiya" (499), propounded a computational system based on a planetary model in which the Earth was taken to be spinning on its axis and the periods of the planets were given with respect to the Sun. He accurately calculated many astronomical constants, such as the periods of the planets, times of the solar and lunar eclipses, and the instantaneous motion of the Moon. Early followers of Aryabhata's model included Varahamihira, Brahmagupta, and Bhaskara II.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Astronomy was advanced during the Shunga Empire and many star catalogues were produced during this time. The Shunga period is known as the "Golden age of astronomy in India".

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: It saw the development of calculations for the motions and places of various planets, their rising and setting, conjunctions, and the calculation of eclipses.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Indian astronomers by the 6th century believed that comets were celestial bodies that re-appeared periodically. This was the view expressed in the 6th century by the astronomers Varahamihira and Bhadrabahu, and the 10th-century astronomer Bhattotpala listed the names and estimated periods of certain comets, but it is unfortunately not known how these figures were calculated or how accurate they were.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Bhāskara II (1114–1185) was the head of the astronomical observatory at Ujjain, continuing the mathematical tradition of Brahmagupta. He wrote the "Siddhantasiromani" which consists of two parts: "Goladhyaya" (sphere) and "Grahaganita" (mathematics of the planets). He also calculated the time taken for the Earth to orbit the Sun to 9 decimal places. The Buddhist University of Nalanda at the time offered formal courses in astronomical studies.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: The Ancient Greeks developed astronomy, which they treated as a branch of mathematics, to a highly sophisticated level. The first geometrical, three-dimensional models to explain the apparent motion of the planets were developed in the 4th century BC by Eudoxus of Cnidus and Callippus of Cyzicus. Their models were based on nested homocentric spheres centered upon the Earth. Their younger contemporary Heraclides Ponticus proposed that the Earth rotates around its axis.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: In the 3rd century BC Aristarchus of Samos was the first to suggest a heliocentric system, although only fragmentary descriptions of his idea survive. Eratosthenes estimated the circumference of the Earth with great accuracy (see also: history of geodesy).

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Astronomy played a considerable part in religious matters for fixing the dates of festivals and determining the hours of the night. The titles of several temple books are preserved recording the movements and phases of the sun, moon and stars. The rising of Sirius (Egyptian: Sopdet, Greek: Sothis) at the beginning of the inundation was a particularly important point to fix in the yearly calendar.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Writing in the Roman era, Clement of Alexandria gives some idea of the importance of astronomical observations to the sacred rites:

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: And after the Singer advances the Astrologer (ὡροσκόπος), with a "horologium" (ὡρολόγιον) in his hand, and a "palm" (φοίνιξ), the symbols of astrology. He must know by heart the Hermetic astrological books, which are four in number. Of these, one is about the arrangement of the fixed stars that are visible; one on the positions of the Sun and Moon and five planets; one on the conjunctions and phases of the Sun and Moon; and one concerns their risings.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: The astronomy of East Asia began in China. Solar term was completed in Warring States period. The knowledge of Chinese astronomy was introduced into East Asia.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Astronomy in China has a long history. Detailed records of astronomical observations were kept from about the 6th century BC, until the introduction of Western astronomy and the telescope in the 17th century. Chinese astronomers were able to precisely predict eclipses.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Much of early Chinese astronomy was for the purpose of timekeeping. The Chinese used a lunisolar calendar, but because the cycles of the Sun and the Moon are different, astronomers often prepared new calendars and made observations for that purpose.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Although the Maya calendar was not tied to the Sun, John Teeple has proposed that the Maya calculated the solar year to somewhat greater accuracy than the Gregorian calendar. Both astronomy and an intricate numerological scheme for the measurement of time were vitally important components of Maya religion.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: The Maya believed that the Earth was the center of all things, and that the stars, moons, and planets were gods. They believed that their movements were the gods traveling between the Earth and other celestial destinations. Many key events in Maya culture were timed around celestial events, in the belief that certain gods would be present.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Natural philosophy (particularly Aristotelian physics) was separated from astronomy by Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen) in the 11th century, by Ibn al-Shatir in the 14th century, and Qushji in the 15th century.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: After the significant contributions of Greek scholars to the development of astronomy, it entered a relatively static era in Western Europe from the Roman era through the 12th century. This lack of progress has led some astronomers to assert that nothing happened in Western European astronomy during the Middle Ages. Recent investigations, however, have revealed a more complex picture of the study and teaching of astronomy in the period from the 4th to the 16th centuries.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: In the 7th century the English monk Bede of Jarrow published an influential text, "On the Reckoning of Time", providing churchmen with the practical astronomical knowledge needed to compute the proper date of Easter using a procedure called the "computus". This text remained an important element of the education of clergy from the 7th century until well after the rise of the Universities in the 12th century.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Thus while Kepler explained how the planets moved, Newton accurately managed to explain why the planets moved the way they do. Newton's theoretical developments laid many of the foundations of modern physics.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Edmund Halley succeeded Flamsteed as Astronomer Royal in England and succeeded in predicting the return in 1758 of the comet that bears his name. Sir William Herschel found the first new planet, Uranus, to be observed in modern times in 1781. The gap between the planets Mars and Jupiter disclosed by the Titius–Bode law was filled by the discovery of the asteroids Ceres and Pallas in 1801 and 1802 with many more following.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: At first, astronomical thought in America was based on Aristotelian philosophy, but interest in the new astronomy began to appear in Almanacs as early as 1659.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Cosmic pluralism is the name given to the idea that the stars are distant suns, perhaps with their own planetary systems.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Ideas in this direction were expressed in antiquity, by Anaxagoras and by Aristarchus of Samos, but did not find mainstream acceptance. The first astronomer of the European Renaissance to suggest that the stars were distant suns was Giordano Bruno in his "De l'infinito universo et mondi" (1584). This idea was among the charges, albeit not in a prominent position, brought against him by the Inquisition.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: The idea became mainstream in the later 17th century, especially following the publication of "Conversations on the Plurality of Worlds" by Bernard Le Bovier de Fontenelle (1686), and by the early 18th century it was the default working assumptions in stellar astronomy.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: The Italian astronomer Geminiano Montanari recorded observing variations in luminosity of the star Algol in 1667. Edmond Halley published the first measurements of the proper motion of a pair of nearby "fixed" stars, demonstrating that they had changed positions since the time of the ancient Greek astronomers Ptolemy and Hipparchus.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Scientists began discovering forms of light which were invisible to the naked eye: X-Rays, gamma rays, radio waves, microwaves, ultraviolet radiation, and infrared radiation. This had a major impact on astronomy, spawning the fields of infrared astronomy, radio astronomy, x-ray astronomy and finally gamma-ray astronomy. With the advent of spectroscopy it was proven that other stars were similar to the Sun, but with a range of temperatures, masses and sizes.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: A veteran of the Harvard Computers, Annie J. Cannon developed the modern version of the stellar classification scheme in during the early 1900s (O B A F G K M, based on color and temperature), manually classifying more stars in a lifetime than anyone else (around 350,000).

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Karl Schwarzschild discovered that the color of a star and, hence, its temperature, could be determined by comparing the visual magnitude against the photographic magnitude. The development of the photoelectric photometer allowed precise measurements of magnitude at multiple wavelength intervals. In 1921 Albert A. Michelson made the first measurements of a stellar diameter using an interferometer on the Hooker telescope at Mount Wilson Observatory.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Important theoretical work on the physical structure of stars occurred during the first decades of the twentieth century. In 1913, the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram was developed, propelling the astrophysical study of stars.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: In Potsdam in 1906, the Danish astronomer Ejnar Hertzsprung published the first plots of color versus luminosity for these stars. These plots showed a prominent and continuous sequence of stars, which he named the Main Sequence.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: At Princeton University, Henry Norris Russell plotted the spectral types of these stars against their absolute magnitude, and found that dwarf stars followed a distinct relationship. This allowed the real brightness of a dwarf star to be predicted with reasonable accuracy.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Successful models were developed to explain the interiors of stars and stellar evolution. Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin first proposed that stars were made primarily of hydrogen and helium in her 1925 doctoral thesis. The spectra of stars were further understood through advances in quantum physics. This allowed the chemical composition of the stellar atmosphere to be determined.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: As evolutionary models of stars were developed during the 1930s, Bengt Strömgren introduced the term Hertzsprung–Russell diagram to denote a luminosity-spectral class diagram.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: A refined scheme for stellar classification was published in 1943 by William Wilson Morgan and Philip Childs Keenan.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: The existence of our galaxy, the Milky Way, as a separate group of stars was only proven in the 20th century, along with the existence of "external" galaxies, and soon after, the expansion of the universe seen in the recession of most galaxies from us. The "Great Debate" between Harlow Shapley and Heber Curtis, in the 1920s, concerned the nature of the Milky Way, spiral nebulae, and the dimensions of the universe.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: The Sun was found to be part of a galaxy made up of more than 1010 stars (10 billion stars). The existence of other galaxies, one of the matters of "the great debate", was settled by Edwin Hubble, who identified the Andromeda nebula as a different galaxy, and many others at large distances and receding, moving away from our galaxy.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


History of astronomy

Context: Physical cosmology, a discipline that has a large intersection with astronomy, made huge advances during the 20th century, with the model of the hot Big Bang heavily supported by the evidence provided by astronomy and physics, such as the redshifts of very distant galaxies and radio sources, the cosmic microwave background radiation, Hubble's law and cosmological abundances of elements.

Question: 고대 사람들은 어떤 방법으로 행성을 관측했는가?


Vienna Boys' Choir

Context: The Vienna Boys' Choir () is a choir of boy sopranos and altos based in Vienna, Austria. It is one of the best known boys' choirs in the world. The boys are selected mainly from Austria, but also from many other countries.

Question: 빈 소년 합창단은 언제 설립 되었나요?


Vienna Boys' Choir

Context: The choir is a private, non-profit organization. There are approximately 100 choristers between the ages of nine and fourteen. The boys are divided into four touring choirs, named after Austrian composers Bruckner, Haydn, Mozart and Schubert, which combined perform about 300 concerts each year before almost 500,000 people. Each group tours for about nine to eleven weeks. Some pieces include "Good Morning" and "Merry Christmas from Vienna Boys".

Question: 빈 소년 합창단은 언제 설립 되었나요?


Vienna Boys' Choir

Context: Over the centuries, the choir has worked with many composers, including Heinrich Isaac, Hofhaimer, Biber, Fux, Caldara, Gluck, Salieri, Mozart, Franz Schubert and Bruckner.

Question: 빈 소년 합창단은 언제 설립 되었나요?


Vienna Boys' Choir

Context: In 1920, following the fall of the Austrian Empire, the "Hofkapelle" (court orchestra) was disbanded. However, the rector at the time, Josef Schnitt, sought a continuation of the tradition. In 1924, the Vienna Boys' Choir was officially founded, and it has evolved into a professional music group. The choir adopted the now-famous blue-and-white sailor suit, replacing the imperial military cadet uniform that included a dagger. The composer HK Gruber is one of the graduates of the reformed choir.

Question: 빈 소년 합창단은 언제 설립 되었나요?


Vienna Boys' Choir

Context: Since 1948, Palais Augarten has served as the rehearsal venue and boarding school, which goes from kindergarten level up to middle school level.

Question: 빈 소년 합창단은 언제 설립 되었나요?


Vienna Boys' Choir

Context: In 1961, Walt Disney filmed "Almost Angels", a fictional drama about (and starring) the Vienna Boys' Choir, set and filmed in the Palais Augarten. It was Disney who, for cinematographic reasons, persuaded the Austrian government to allow the boys to legally wear the Austrian national emblem on the breast of their uniform, a tradition that continues to this day.

Question: 빈 소년 합창단은 언제 설립 되었나요?


Vienna Boys' Choir

Context: The Vienna Boys' Choir has sought to update its image, recording pop music selections and adopting an alternative uniform to the sailor suits used since the 1920s, allowing the boys to dance as they sing. After Eugen Jesser died in May 2008, Walter Nettig became the choir's president. Gerald Wirth has been the artistic director since 2001, and he also became the choir's president in 2013.

Question: 빈 소년 합창단은 언제 설립 되었나요?


Vienna Boys' Choir

Context: In 2010, following sexual abuse allegations from two former choristers stemming from the late 1960s and early 1980s, the Vienna Boys' Choir opened a confidential phone and e-mail hotline to allow others to come forward. Eight possible victims came forward saying they were abused, either by staff or other choir members.

Question: 빈 소년 합창단은 언제 설립 되었나요?


Vienna Boys' Choir

Context: The Vienna Boys' Choir performed the song "The Little Drummer Boy" in the Rankin/Bass TV special of the same name.

Question: 빈 소년 합창단은 언제 설립 되었나요?


Bungee jumping

Context: A tower high with a system to drop a "car" suspended by a cable of "best rubber" was proposed for the Chicago World Fair, 1892–1893. The car, seating two hundred people, would have been shoved from a platform on the tower and then would have bounced to a stop. The designer engineer suggested that for safety the ground below "be covered with eight feet of feather bedding". The proposal was declined by the Fair's organizers.

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


Bungee jumping

Context: The word "bungee" originates from West Country dialect of the English language, meaning "Anything thick and squat", as defined by James Jennings in his book "Observations of Some of the Dialects in The West of England" published 1825. In 1928, the word started to be used for a rubber eraser.

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


Bungee jumping

Context: The Oxford English Dictionary records early use of the phrase in 1938 relating to launching of gliders using an elasticated cord, and also as "A long nylon-cased rubber band used for securing luggage".

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


Bungee jumping

Context: In April 2008, a 37-year-old Durban man, Carl Mosca Dionisio, made bungee jumping history when he jumped off a 30 m (100 ft) tower attached to a bungee cord made entirely of 18,500 condoms.

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


Bungee jumping

Context: Accidents where participants became detached led many commercial operators to use a body harness, if only as a backup for an ankle attachment. Body harnesses generally derive from climbing equipment rather than parachute equipment.

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


Bungee jumping

Context: Guinness only records jumps from fixed objects to guarantee the accuracy of the measurement. John Kockleman however recorded a bungee jump from a hot air balloon in California in 1989. In 1991 Andrew Salisbury jumped from from a helicopter over Cancun for a television program and with Reebok sponsorship. The full stretch was recorded at . He landed safely under parachute.

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


Bungee jumping

Context: One commercial jump higher than all others is at the Royal Gorge Bridge in Colorado. The height of the platform is . However, this jump is rarely available, as part of the Royal Gorge Go Fast Games—first in 2005, then again in 2007. Previous to this the record was held in West Virginia, USA, by New Zealander Chris Allum, who bungee jumped 823 ft (251m) from the New River Gorge Bridge on "Bridge Day" 1992 to set a world's record for the longest bungee jump from a fixed structure.

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


Bungee jumping

Context: In "Catapult" (Reverse Bungee or Bungee Rocket), the jumper starts on the ground. The jumper is secured and the cord is stretched, then released and shooting the jumper up into the air. This is often achieved using either a crane or a hoist attached to a (semi-)perma structure. This simplifies the action of stretching the cord and later lowering the participant to the ground.

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


Bungee jumping

Context: "Bungy Trampoline" uses elements from bungy and trampolining. The participant begins on a trampoline and is fitted into a body harness, which is attached via bungy cords to two high poles on either side of the trampoline. As they begin to jump, the bungy cords are tightened, allowing a higher jump than could normally be made from a trampoline alone.

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


Bungee jumping

Context: "Bungee Running" involves no jumping as such. It merely consists of, as the name suggests, running along a track (often inflatable) with a bungee cord attached. One often has a velcro-backed marker that marks how far the runner got before the bungee cord pulled back. This activity can often be found at fairs and carnivals and is often most popular with children.

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


Bungee jumping

Context: Bungee jumping off a ramp. Two rubber cords – the "bungees" – are tied around the participant's waist to a harness. Those bungee cords are linked to steel cables along which they can slide due to stainless pulleys. The participants bicycle, sled or ski before jumping.

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


Bungee jumping

Context: SCAD diving (Suspended Catch Air Device) is similar to bungee jumping in that the participant is dropped from a height, but in this variation there is no cord; instead the participant free-falls into a net. Untrained SCAD divers use a special free fall harness to ensure the correct falling position. Free-style SCAD divers do not use harnesses. The landing into the huge airtube framed net is extremely soft and forgiving. The SCAD was invented by MONTIC Hamburg, Germany in 1997.

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


Bungee jumping

Context: Bungee jumping injuries may be divided into those that occur after jumping secondary to equipment mishap or tragic accident, and those that occur regardless of safety measures.

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


Bungee jumping

Context: In the first instance, injury can happen if the safety harness fails, the cord length is miscalculated, or the cord is not properly connected to the jump platform. In 1986, a man died during rehearsals for a bungee jumping stunt on a BBC television programme, because the cord sprang loose from a carabiner clip.

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


Bungee jumping

Context: In the film "GoldenEye", James Bond makes a jump over the edge of a dam in Russia (in reality the dam is in Switzerland: Verzasca Dam, and the jump was genuine, not an animated special effect). The jump in the dam later makes an appearance as a Roadblock task in the 14th season of the reality competition series "The Amazing Race".

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


Bungee jumping

Context: A fictional proto-bungee jump is a plot point in the Michael Chabon novel "The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier and Clay".

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


Bungee jumping

Context: In the film "Selena", in which Jennifer Lopez plays Selena Quintanilla-Perez, her character is shown bungee jumping at a carnival. This actual event took place shortly before Selena's murder on 31 March 1995.

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


Bungee jumping

Context: In Valiant (comics) #171 (January 8, 1966), the two boys from Worrag island in "The Wild Wonders" in a circus story, jump from high up and seem ready to crash to their deaths, but are stopped by elasticated ropes tied to an ankle of each one.

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


Bungee jumping

Context: In the video game "Aero the Acro-Bat", Aero will perform bungee jumping to obtain items like keys to open gates in a level.

Question: 역사상 가장 높은 번지점프는 무엇인가?


French language

Context: French is a Romance language (meaning that it is descended primarily from Vulgar Latin) that evolved out of the Gallo-Romance dialects spoken in northern France. The language's early forms include Old French and Middle French.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: Due to Roman rule, Latin was gradually adopted by the inhabitants of Gaul, and as the language was learned by the common people it developed a distinct local character, with grammatical differences from Latin as spoken elsewhere, some of which being attested on graffiti. This local variety evolved into the Gallo-Romance tongues, which include French and its closest relatives, such as Arpitan.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: The Gaulish language likely survived into the sixth century in France despite considerable Romanization. Coexisting with Latin, Gaulish helped shape the Vulgar Latin dialects that developed into French contributing loanwords and calques (including "oui", the word for "yes"), sound changes shaped by Gaulish influence, and influences in conjugation and word order. Recent computational studies suggest that early gender shifts may have been motivated by the gender of the corresponding word in Gaulish.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: Up until its later stages, Old French, alongside Old Occitan, maintained a relic of the old nominal case system of Latin longer than most other Romance languages (with the notable exception of Romanian which still currently maintains a case distinction), differentiating between an oblique case and a nominative case. The phonology was characterized by a heavy syllabic stress, which led to the emergence of various complicated diphthongs such as "-eau" which would later be leveled to monophthongs.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: The earliest evidence of what became Old French can be seen in the Oaths of Strasbourg and the Sequence of Saint Eulalia, while Old French literature began to be produced in the eleventh century, with major early works often focusing on the lives of saints (such as the "Vie de Saint Alexis"), or wars and royal courts, notably including the "Chanson de Roland", epic cycles focused on King Arthur and his court, as well as a cycle focused on William of Orange.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: During the Grand Siècle (17th century), France, under the rule of powerful leaders such as Cardinal Richelieu and Louis XIV, enjoyed a period of prosperity and prominence among European nations. Richelieu established the Académie française to protect the French language. By the early 1800s, Parisian French had become the primary language of the aristocracy in France.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: Spoken by 19.71% of the European Union's population, French is the third most widely spoken language in the EU, after English and German and the second most-widely taught language after English.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: Under the Constitution of France, French has been the official language of the Republic since 1992, although the ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts made it mandatory for legal documents in 1539. France mandates the use of French in official government publications, public education except in specific cases, and legal contracts; advertisements must bear a translation of foreign words.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: In Belgium, French is an official language at the federal level along with Dutch and German. At the regional level, French is the sole official language of Wallonia (excluding a part of the East Cantons, which are German-speaking) and one of the two official languages—along with Dutch—of the Brussels-Capital Region, where it is spoken by the majority of the population (approx. 80%), often as their primary language.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: Along with Luxembourgish and German, French is one of the three official languages of Luxembourg, where it is generally the preferred language of business as well as of the different public administrations. It is also the official language of Monaco.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: French is mostly a second language in Africa, but it has become a first language in some urban areas, such as the region of Abidjan, Ivory Coast and in Libreville, Gabon. There is not a single African French, but multiple forms that diverged through contact with various indigenous African languages.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: Sub-Saharan Africa is the region where the French language is most likely to expand, because of the expansion of education and rapid population growth. It is also where the language has evolved the most in recent years. Some vernacular forms of French in Africa can be difficult to understand for French speakers from other countries, but written forms of the language are very closely related to those of the rest of the French-speaking world.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: French is the sole official language of all the overseas territories of France in the Caribbean that are collectively referred to as the French West Indies, namely Guadeloupe, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin, and Martinique.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: French is the official language of both French Guiana on the South American continent, and of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, an archipelago off the coast of Newfoundland in North America.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: French was the official language of French India, consisting of geographically separate enclaves now referred to as Puducherry. It was an official language of Puducherry until its cession to India in 1956, and a small number of older locals still retain knowledge of the language although is has now given way to Tamil and English.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: French is an official language of the Pacific Island nation of Vanuatu, where 31% of the population was estimated to speak it in 2018. In the French special collectivity of New Caledonia, 97% of the population can speak, read and write French while in French Polynesia this figure is 95%, and in the French collectivity of Wallis and Futuna, it is 84%.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: A leading world language, French is taught in universities around the world, and is one of the world's most influential languages because of its wide use in the worlds of journalism, jurisprudence, education, and diplomacy.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: Knowledge of French is often considered to be a useful skill by business owners in the United Kingdom; a 2014 study found that 50% of British managers considered French to be a valuable asset for their business, thus ranking French as the most sought-after foreign language there, ahead of German (49%) and Spanish (44%). MIT economist Albert Saiz calculated a 2.3% premium for those who have French as a foreign language in the workplace.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: In English-speaking Canada, the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland, French is the first foreign language taught and in number of pupils is far ahead of other languages. In the United States, French is the second-most commonly taught foreign language in schools and universities, after Spanish. In some areas of the country near French-speaking Quebec, it is the language more commonly taught.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: Although there are many French regional accents, foreign learners normally use only one variety of the language.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: French pronunciation follows strict rules based on spelling, but French spelling is often based more on history than phonology. The rules for pronunciation vary between dialects, but the standard rules are:

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: French is written with the 26 letters of the basic Latin script, with four diacritics appearing on vowels (circumflex accent, acute accent, grave accent, diaeresis) and the cedilla appearing in "ç".

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: There are two ligatures, "œ" and "æ", but they are often replaced in contemporary French with "oe" and "ae", because the ligatures do not appear on the AZERTY keyboard layout used in French-speaking countries. However this is nonstandard in formal and literary texts.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: French spelling, like English spelling, tends to preserve obsolete pronunciation rules. This is mainly due to extreme phonetic changes since the Old French period, without a corresponding change in spelling. Moreover, some conscious changes were made to restore Latin orthography (as with some English words such as "debt"):

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: As a result, it can be difficult to predict the spelling of a word based on the sound. Final consonants are generally silent, except when the following word begins with a vowel (see Liaison (French)). For example, the following words end in a vowel sound: "pied", "aller", "les", "", "beaux". The same words followed by a vowel, however, may sound the consonants, as they do in these examples: "beaux-arts", "les amis", "pied-à-terre".

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: Some proposals exist to simplify the existing writing system, but they still fail to gather interest.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: In 1990, a reform accepted some changes to French orthography. At the time the proposed changes were considered to be suggestions. In 2016, schoolbooks in France began to use the newer recommended spellings, with instruction to teachers that both old and new spellings be deemed correct.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: The French language consists of both finite and non-finite moods. The finite moods include the indicative mood (indicatif), the subjunctive mood (subjonctif), the imperative mood (impératif), and the conditional mood (conditionnel). The non-finite moods include the infinitive mood (infinitif), the present participle (participe présent), and the past participle (participe passé).

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: Within the indicative mood, the passé composé, plus-que-parfait, futur antérieur, and passé antérieur all use auxiliary verbs in their forms.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: The subjunctive mood only includes four of the tense-aspect forms found in the indicative: present (présent), simple past (passé composé), past imperfective (imparfait), and pluperfect (plus-que-parfait).

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: Within the subjunctive mood, the passé composé and plus-que-parfait use auxiliary verbs in their forms.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: The imperative is used in the present tense (with the exception of a few instances where it is used in the perfect tense). The imperative is used to give commands to you (tu), we/us (nous), and plural you (vous).

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: French uses both the active voice and the passive voice. The active voice is unmarked while the passive voice is formed by using a form of verb "être" ("to be") and the past participle.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: The majority of French words derive from Vulgar Latin or were constructed from Latin or Greek roots. In many cases, a single etymological root appears in French in a "popular" or native form, inherited from Vulgar Latin, and a learned form, borrowed later from Classical Latin. The following pairs consist of a native noun and a learned adjective:

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: However, a historical tendency to Gallicise Latin roots can be identified, whereas English conversely leans towards a more direct incorporation of the Latin:

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: It can be difficult to identify the Latin source of native French words because in the evolution from Vulgar Latin, unstressed syllables were severely reduced and the remaining vowels and consonants underwent significant modifications.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: More recently the linguistic policy of the French language academies of France and Quebec has been to provide French equivalents to (mainly English) imported words, either by using existing vocabulary, extending its meaning or deriving a new word according to French morphological rules. The result is often two (or more) co-existing terms for describing the same phenomenon.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: One study analyzing the degree of differentiation of Romance languages in comparison to Latin estimated that among the languages analyzed French has the greatest distance from Latin. Lexical similarity is 89% with Italian, 80% with Sardinian, 78% with Rhaeto-Romance, and 75% with Romanian, Spanish and Portuguese.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: In Old French (during the Middle Ages), all numbers from 30 to 99 could be said in either base 10 or base 20, e.g. "vint et doze" (twenty and twelve) for 32, "dous vinz et diz" (two twenties and ten) for 50, "uitante" for 80, or "nonante" for 90.

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: French, like most European languages, uses a space to separate thousands. The comma () is used in French numbers as a decimal point, i.e. "2,5" instead of "2.5". In the case of currencies, the currency markers are substituted for decimal point, i.e. "5$7" for "5 dollars and 7 cents".

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: "Tous les êtres humains naissent libres et égaux en dignité et en droits. Ils sont doués de raison et de conscience et doivent agir les uns envers les autres dans un esprit de fraternité."

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


French language

Context: "All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood."

Question: 프랑스어는 몇개의 나라에서 공식 언어로 지정되어 있나요?


John Tyler

Context: After graduation, Tyler read the law with his father, then a state judge, and later with Edmund Randolph, former United States Attorney General.

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: Tyler was admitted to the Virginia bar at the age of 19 (too young to be eligible, but the admitting judge neglected to ask his age). By this time, his father was Governor of Virginia (1808–1811), and the young Tyler started a legal practice in Richmond, the state capital. According to the 1810 federal census, one “John Tyler” (presumably his father) owned eight slaves in Richmond, and possibly five slaves in adjoining Henrico County, and possibly 26 slaves in Charles City County.

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: In 1813, the year of his father's death, the younger Tyler purchased Woodburn plantation, where he lived until 1821. As of 1820, Tyler owned 24 enslaved persons at Woodburn, after having inherited 13 enslaved persons from his father, although only eight were listed as engaged in agriculture in that census.

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: Tyler's father died in 1813, and Tyler inherited thirteen slaves along with his father's plantation. In 1816, he resigned his legislative seat to serve on the Governor's Council of State, a group of eight advisers elected by the General Assembly.

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: Tyler declined to seek renomination in late 1820, citing ill health. He privately acknowledged his dissatisfaction with the position, as his opposing votes were largely symbolic and did little to change the political culture in Washington; he also observed that funding his children's education would be difficult on a congressman's low salary. He left office on March 3, 1821, endorsing his former opponent Stevenson for the seat, and returned to private law practice full-time.

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: Tyler's governorship was otherwise uneventful. He promoted states' rights and adamantly opposed any concentration of federal power. In order to thwart federal infrastructure proposals, he suggested Virginia actively expand its own road system. A proposal was made to expand the state's poorly funded public school system, but no significant action was taken. Tyler was re-elected unanimously to a second one-year term in December 1826.

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: In voting against the Force Bill, Tyler knew he would permanently alienate the pro-Jackson faction of the Virginia legislature, even those who had tolerated his irregularity up to this point. This jeopardized his re-election in February 1833, in which he faced the pro-administration Democrat James McDowell; however, with Clay's endorsement, Tyler was re-elected by a margin of 12 votes.

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: After the 1836 election, Tyler thought his political career was over, and planned to return to private law practice. In the fall of 1837 a friend sold him a sizable property in Williamsburg. Unable to remain away from politics, Tyler successfully sought election to the House of Delegates and took his seat in 1838. He was a national political figure by this point, and his third delegate service touched on such national issues as the sale of public lands.

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: The convention deadlocked among the three main candidates, with Virginia's votes going to Clay. Many Northern Whigs opposed Clay, and some, including Pennsylvania's Thaddeus Stevens, showed the Virginians a letter written by Scott in which he apparently displayed abolitionist sentiments. The influential Virginia delegation then announced that Harrison was its second choice, causing most Scott supporters to abandon him in favor of Harrison, who gained the presidential nomination.

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: Harrison's death in office was an unprecedented event that caused considerable uncertainty regarding presidential succession. Article II, Section 1, Clause 6 of the United States Constitution, which governed intra-term presidential succession at the time (now superseded by the Twenty-fifth Amendment), states that:

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: Ratification of the decision by Congress came through the customary notification that it makes to the president, that it is in session and available to receive messages. In both houses, unsuccessful amendments were offered to strike the word "president" in favor of language including the term "vice president" to refer to Tyler. Mississippi Senator Robert J. Walker, in opposition, stated that the idea that Tyler was still vice president and could preside over the Senate was absurd.

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: Tyler's opponents never fully accepted him as president. He was referred to by many mocking nicknames, including "His Accidency". However, Tyler never wavered from his conviction that he was the rightful president; when his political opponents sent correspondence to the White House addressed to the "vice president" or "acting president", Tyler had it returned unopened.

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: In an 1842 special message to Congress, the president also applied the Monroe Doctrine to Hawaii (dubbed the "Tyler Doctrine"), told Britain not to interfere there, and began a process that led to the eventual annexation of Hawaii by the United States.

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: Tyler advocated an increase in military strength and this drew praise from naval leaders, who saw a marked increase in warships. Tyler brought the long, bloody Second Seminole War to an end in 1842, and expressed interest in the forced cultural assimilation of Native Americans. He also advocated the establishment of a chain of American forts from Council Bluffs, Iowa to the Pacific.

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: Finally, in February 1845, with less than a month remaining in his term, Tyler's nomination of Samuel Nelson to Thompson's seat was confirmed by the Senate—Nelson, a Democrat, had a reputation as a careful and noncontroversial jurist. Still, his confirmation came as a surprise. Baldwin's seat remained vacant until James K. Polk's nominee, Robert Grier, was confirmed in 1846.

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: For Tyler, any hope of completing the Texas plan before November (and with it, any hope of re-election) was instantly dashed. Historian Edward P. Crapol later wrote that "Prior to the Civil War and the assassination of Abraham Lincoln", the "Princeton" disaster "unquestionably was the most severe and debilitating tragedy ever to confront a President of the United States".

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: Tyler fathered more children than any other American president. His first wife was Letitia Christian (November 12, 1790 – September 10, 1842), with whom he had eight children: Mary (1815–1847), Robert (1816–1877), John (1819–1896), Letitia (1821–1907), Elizabeth (1823–1850), Anne (1825–1825), Alice (1827–1854) and Tazewell (1830–1874).

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: Tyler's first wife Letitia died of a stroke in the White House in September 1842. He married again on June 26, 1844, to Julia Gardiner (July 23, 1820 – July 10, 1889), with whom he had seven children: David (1846–1927), John Alexander (1848–1883), Julia (1849–1871), Lachlan (1851–1902), Lyon (1853–1935), Robert Fitzwalter (1856–1927) and Margaret Pearl (1860–1947).

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: , Tyler has one living grandson through his son Lyon Gardiner Tyler, making him the earliest former president with a living grandchild. Harrison Ruffin Tyler was born in 1928 and maintains the family home, Sherwood Forest Plantation, in Charles City County, Virginia.

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: After John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry ignited fears of an abolitionist attempt to free the slaves, or an actual slave rebellion, several Virginia communities organized militia units, or reenergized existing ones. Tyler's community organized a cavalry troop and a home guard company; Tyler was chosen to command the home guard troops with the rank of captain.

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: Tyler was buried in Hollywood Cemetery in Richmond, Virginia, near the gravesite of President James Monroe. Tyler has since been the namesake of several U.S. locations, including the city of Tyler, Texas, named for him because of his role in the annexation of Texas.

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


John Tyler

Context: While academics have both praised and criticized Tyler, the general American public has little awareness of him at all. Several writers have portrayed Tyler as among the nation's most obscure presidents. As Seager remarked: "His countrymen generally remember him, if they have heard of him at all, as the rhyming end of a catchy campaign slogan."

Question: 존 타일러는 언제 사망 하였는가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: The funeral of Pope John Paul II was held on 8 April 2005, six days after his death on 2 April. The funeral was followed by the "novemdiales" devotional in which the Catholic Church observes nine days of mourning.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: On 22 February 1996, Pope John Paul II introduced revisions to the centuries-old ceremonies surrounding papal death, repose and burial. The revisions enacted through the apostolic constitution "Universi Dominici gregis" applied to his own funeral.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: Coinciding with the funeral in Vatican City, bishops at cathedrals throughout the world celebrated memorial masses. In a historical rarity, Protestant and Eastern Orthodox leaders, as well as representatives and heads from Judaism, Islam, Druze and Buddhism, offered their own memorials and prayers as a way of sympathising with the grief of Catholics.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: Centuries of sacred rituals are set in motion upon the death of a Pope, and these are administered by the Cardinal Camerlengo.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: When John Paul II died, the Camerlengo Eduardo Martínez Somalo removed the Pope's Ring of the Fisherman from his finger, then ceremonially crushed it with the ceremonial silver hammer in the presence of members of the College of Cardinals. This was originally done to prevent the creation of forged, backdated documents, which would appear to have been approved by the late pope.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: After the ring's destruction, Cardinal Martínez Somalo cordoned off and placed wax seals on the entrances to the Pope's private bedroom and study. This tradition originates from ruthless cardinals looting the papal chambers upon the death of past popes.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: The Pope's formal death certificate was signed by the physician Renato Buzzonetti, Director of the Department of Health and Sanitation of Vatican City, on the evening of his death. Cardinal Martínez Somalo then ceremonially ordered the Dean of the College of Cardinals, Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, to summon the cardinals of the world to Vatican City to elect a new pope.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: While his predecessors had been embalmed after death, the Vatican claimed that Pope John Paul II was not embalmed and lay in state without normal treatment for preservation, which is evident by the grey colour taken on by the body. Also, it was customary for popes to have their organs removed after death. Pope Pius X ended this practice during his reign, and the wish of some Poles that John Paul II's heart be buried in Poland was not obliged.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: When the body of the pope was hoisted upon the steps of St. Peter's Basilica, the Papal Gentlemen turned the bier and lifted the pope's head to face the tens of thousands of people that filled St. Peter's Square. Cardinal Martínez Somalo noted it as the pope's symbolic last look at the devoted followers that had filled St. Peter's Square throughout the papacy of John Paul II.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger celebrated the Mass of Requiem on 8 April at 10:00 am CEST (08:00 UTC), by virtue of his office as Dean of the College of Cardinals. He was also one of Pope John Paul II's closest friends and carried out most of the Pope's duties during his final illness. Concelebrating in the Mass of Requiem were the College of Cardinals (the number of members that were present has been variously given as 157 and 164) and the patriarchs of the Eastern Catholic Churches.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: As the pope must be buried between the fourth and sixth day after his death, Friday was chosen as the last possible date. The Mass at St. Peter's Basilica was the first Mass of Requiem for a pope to be televised live in almost every nation in the world.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: The funeral was perhaps the most-watched live event in the history of television. Because people in North America understood that the service took place during the early morning hours on their side of the Atlantic, many awoke to view the funeral, and others taped it for a historical record. In addition, several television networks in the Americas rebroadcast the funeral later in the day.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: The Liturgy of the Word began with a reading from the Acts of the Apostles, 10:34–43, read by Chilean Alejandra Correa in Spanish. The responsorial was Psalm 22(23). The second reading was read by John McDonald in English, taken from the Letter of Saint Paul to the Philippians, 3:20–4:1. It was entitled, "But our citizenship is in heaven." The reader ended by singing, "Verbum Domini" ("The Word of the Lord.") Congregants replied in chant, "Deo gratias" ("Thanks be to God.")

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: We entrust your dear soul to the Mother of God, your Mother, who guided you each day and who will guide you now to the eternal glory of her Son, our Lord Jesus Christ.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: Some construed the ending of the homily to mean that the pope had already entered into heaven, and had become a saint.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: The Nicene Creed sung in the Latin language followed the homily. Prayers were said in Italian, French, Swahili, Tagalog, Polish, German, and Portuguese.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: The part of the Mass of Requiem called the Liturgy of the Eucharist began. Cardinal Ratzinger and the concelebrating cardinals gathered around the altar to consecrate the bread and wine.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: After the Eucharistic Prayer (the point in the Mass when it is believed the elements become Christ), the Lord's Prayer was sung followed later by the brief Latin litany, "Agnus Dei". The Eucharist was then taken to the congregation in St. Peter's Square to be distributed among those present. As the congregation received the Blessed Sacrament, Psalm 129 (in some Biblical versions Psalm 130) was sung. Its lyrics proclaimed, "Out of the depths I cry to you, O Lord; Lord, hear my voice."

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: After the Liturgy of the Eucharist, the crowds in the streets of Vatican City burst into applause, waving flags and banners chanting, "Santo Subito!" which means "Saint now!" and "Giovanni Paolo Santo" or "Saint John Paul!". A few also repeatedly chanted "Magnus" or "Great", spontaneously declaring that he should be John Paul the Great.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: The Mass of Requiem officially ended with the congregation standing to sing the "In paradisum": "May Angels lead you into Paradise; upon your arrival, may the Martyrs receive you and lead you to the holy city of Jerusalem."

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: The Papal Gentlemen carried the Pope's coffin towards the entrance of St. Peter's for interment, and the congregation in attendance broke out into applause and cheered as a final farewell. The coffin was then turned 180 degrees to face the congregation and the cameras, and the crowd applauded and cheered with more fervour before it was taken out of the public view for the last time. Cardinal Ratzinger handed over authority of the Rite of Interment to Cardinal Martínez Somalo, the Camerlengo.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: The people of Poland had wished for the heart of John Paul II to be removed from his body and transferred to Wawel Cathedral to be buried alongside the greatest of Poland's monarchs and National heroes. Cardinal Martínez Somalo said that the request would not be obliged, as per the dead Pope's wish not to have any parts of his body removed during preparation for the funeral.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: Cardinal Martínez Somalo, Camerlengo of the Roman Church, then presided over the Rite of Interment. It was a private service witnessed only by the highest-ranking members of the College of Cardinals. As is custom, Pope John Paul II was entombed in three nested coffins. The cypress coffin was sealed and tied with three red silk ribbons.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: The unified coffin was lowered into the ground, as the Pope requested, and covered with a plain stone slab featuring his name and dates of his pontificate. Pope John Paul II asked that his burial be like that of Pope Paul VI, not in an elaborate sarcophagus and ornate above-ground tomb, but in "bare earth". His remains lay in this tomb for six years before it was exhumed to prepare for his beatification in 2011.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: Cardinal Martínez Somalo ended the Rite of Interment with the words, "Lord, grant him eternal rest, and may perpetual light shine upon him." Those present sang "Salve Regina" or "Hail Holy Queen."

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: After the Rite of Interment, nine official days of mourning began. The devotional called novemdiales features a Mass of Requiem on each of the nine days at St. Peter's Basilica. Several cardinals were chosen by Cardinal Ratzinger to have the honour of presiding over each Mass.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: One of the most controversial honourees was Bernard Francis Law, Archpriest of the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore, scheduled to preside a novemdiales on 11 April. During his tenure as Archbishop of Boston, Cardinal Law was accused of having mishandled cases of sexual abuse at the hands of diocesan priests. The event sparked the nationwide Roman Catholic Church sex abuse scandal in the dioceses of the United States.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: Several members of the Survivors Network of those Abused by Priests (SNAP) flew to Rome to protest saying Cardinal Law's place of honour was painful to sexual abuse victims and embarrassing to Catholics. Just as the group's members arrived at St. Peter's Basilica, led by founder Barbara Blaine, police officers escorted them outside the confines of St. Peter's Square. Blaine was unable to pass out fliers to people walking into the Mass offered by Cardinal Law.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: Blaine had earlier told reporters in a press conference, "We are the sons and daughters of the Catholic family who were raped, sodomized and sexually molested by priests. At this time, we should be able to focus on the Holy Father's death, instead of Cardinal Law's prominence." The College of Cardinals responded by stating that Cardinal Law was honoured as a matter of his being the ordinary of one of the most important basilicas of the Roman Catholic Church.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: 14 April novemdiales Mass at St. Peter's Basilica replaced traditional hymns and prayers with those of the Maronite Rite, one of the Eastern Catholic Churches. Cardinal Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir, Patriarch of Antioch of the Maronites, presided over the Mass. It was the first time a cardinal patriarch of an Eastern Catholic Church offered a novemdiales Mass, in his own rite, for a pope.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: On 6 April—in advent of the arrival of the United States delegation aboard "Air Force One", protected by a military escort—the Italian government issued a no-fly zone within a five-mile radius of Rome. The Italian government considered the President of the United States, the first sitting American president to attend a papal funeral, as the most tempting target for terrorists. Official diplomatic delegations from other nations began arriving at the same time.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: The "Aeronautica Militare Italiana" (Italian air force) prepared their aircraft to be launched at a moment's notice in case of a terrorist strike. The Italian Army deployed anti-aircraft missiles around Vatican City, to the grudging dismay of the College of Cardinals. "Marina Militare" (Italian navy) warships were positioned along the shorelines of Italy armed with torpedoes. Gunboats ran up and down the rivers and waterways of Rome, including the Tiber River which flows around Vatican City.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Funeral of Pope John Paul II

Context: Some of the same security measures that were in effect for the funeral were also in effect for the installation Mass of Pope Benedict XVI on 24 April.

Question: 2019년까지 세상에서 가장 큰 장례식은 무엇인가?


Joseph Whitworth

Context: Whitworth was created a baronet by Queen Victoria in 1869. Upon his death in 1887, Whitworth bequeathed much of his fortune for the people of Manchester, with the Whitworth Art Gallery and Christie Hospital partly funded by Whitworth's money. Whitworth Street and Whitworth Hall in Manchester are named in his honour.

Question: 제1대 휘트워스 준남작 조지프 휘트워스 경의 소속은 어디인가요?


Joseph Whitworth

Context: Whitworth's company merged with the W.G. Armstrong & Mitchell Company to become Armstrong Whitworth in 1897.

Question: 제1대 휘트워스 준남작 조지프 휘트워스 경의 소속은 어디인가요?


Joseph Whitworth

Context: Whitworth was born in John Street, Stockport, Cheshire, where the Stockport Courthouse is today. The site is marked by a blue plaque on the back wall of the courthouse. He was the son of Charles Whitworth, a teacher and Congregational minister, and at an early age developed an interest in machinery. He was educated at Idle, near Bradford, West Riding of Yorkshire; his aptitude for mechanics became apparent when he began work for his uncle.

Question: 제1대 휘트워스 준남작 조지프 휘트워스 경의 소속은 어디인가요?


Joseph Whitworth

Context: Whitworth developed great skill as a mechanic while working for Maudslay, developing various precision machine tools and also introducing a box casting scheme for the iron frames of machine tools that simultaneously increased their rigidity and reduced their weight.

Question: 제1대 휘트워스 준남작 조지프 휘트워스 경의 소속은 어디인가요?


Joseph Whitworth

Context: Whitworth also worked for Holtzapffel & Co (makers of lathes used primarily for ornamental turning) and Joseph Clement. While at Clement's workshop he helped with the manufacture of Charles Babbage's calculating machine, the Difference engine. He returned to Openshaw,

Question: 제1대 휘트워스 준남작 조지프 휘트워스 경의 소속은 어디인가요?


Joseph Whitworth

Context: A strong believer in the value of technical education, Whitworth backed the new Mechanics' Institute in Manchester (later UMIST) and helped found the Manchester School of Design. In 1868, he founded the Whitworth Scholarship for the advancement of mechanical engineering. He donated a sum of £128,000 to the government in 1868 (approximately £6.5 million in 2010) to bring "science and industry" closer together and to fund scholarships. In 1869, Queen Victoria made Whitworth a baronet.

Question: 제1대 휘트워스 준남작 조지프 휘트워스 경의 소속은 어디인가요?


Joseph Whitworth

Context: In 1923, the Whitworth Society was founded by Prof. Hele-Shaw FRS, then president of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers to support all Whitworth Scholars and to promote engineering in the UK. The Society brings together those Whitworth Scholars who have benefited from Sir Joseph Whitworth's generosity.

Question: 제1대 휘트워스 준남작 조지프 휘트워스 경의 소속은 어디인가요?


Joseph Whitworth

Context: Richard Copley Christie was a friend of Whitworth's. By Whitworth's will, Christie was appointed one of three legatees, each of whom was left more than half a million pounds for their own use, 'they being each of them aware of the objects' to which these funds would have been put by Whitworth. They chose to spend more than a fifth of the money on support for Owens College, together with the purchase of land now occupied by

Question: 제1대 휘트워스 준남작 조지프 휘트워스 경의 소속은 어디인가요?


Joseph Whitworth

Context: the Manchester Royal Infirmary. In 1897, Christie personally assigned more than £50,000 for the erection of the Whitworth Hall, to complete the front quadrangle of Owens College. He was president of the Whitworth Institute from 1890 to 1895 and was much interested in the medical and other charities of Manchester, especially the Cancer Pavilion and Home, of whose committee he was chairman from 1890 to 1893, and which later became the Christie Hospital.

Question: 제1대 휘트워스 준남작 조지프 휘트워스 경의 소속은 어디인가요?


Joseph Whitworth

Context: Whitworth popularised a method of producing accurate flat surfaces (see Surface plate) during the 1830s, using engineer's blue and scraping techniques on three trial surfaces. Up until his introduction of the scraping technique, the same three-plate method was employed using polishing techniques, giving less accurate results. This led to an explosion of development of precision instruments using these flat-surface generation techniques as a basis for further construction of precise shapes.

Question: 제1대 휘트워스 준남작 조지프 휘트워스 경의 소속은 어디인가요?


Joseph Whitworth

Context: His next innovation, in 1840, was a measuring technique called "end measurements" that used a precision flat plane and measuring screw, both of his own invention. The system, with a precision of one millionth of an inch (25 nm), was demonstrated at the Great Exhibition of 1851.

Question: 제1대 휘트워스 준남작 조지프 휘트워스 경의 소속은 어디인가요?


Joseph Whitworth

Context: In 1841 Whitworth devised a standard for screw threads with a fixed thread angle of 55° and having a standard pitch for a given diameter. This soon became the first nationally standardised system; its adoption by the railway companies, who until then had all used different screw threads, led to its widespread acceptance. It later became a British Standard, "British Standard Whitworth", abbreviated to BSW and governed by BS 84:1956.

Question: 제1대 휘트워스 준남작 조지프 휘트워스 경의 소속은 어디인가요?


Joseph Whitworth

Context: Queen Victoria opened the first meeting of the National Rifle Association at Wimbledon, in 1860 by firing a Whitworth rifle from a fixed mechanical rest. The rifle scored a bull's eye at a range of .

Question: 제1대 휘트워스 준남작 조지프 휘트워스 경의 소속은 어디인가요?


Joseph Whitworth

Context: Whitworth also designed a large rifled breech-loading gun with a bore, a projectile and a range of about . The spirally-grooved projectile was patented in 1855. This was rejected by the British Army, who preferred the guns from Armstrong, but was used in the American Civil War.

Question: 제1대 휘트워스 준남작 조지프 휘트워스 경의 소속은 어디인가요?


Joseph Whitworth

Context: While trying to increase the bursting strength of his gun barrels, Whitworth patented a process called "fluid-compressed steel" for casting steel under pressure and built a new steel works near Manchester. Some of his castings were shown at the Great Exhibition in Paris ca. 1883.

Question: 제1대 휘트워스 준남작 조지프 휘트워스 경의 소속은 어디인가요?


Helicopter

Context: A helicopter is a type of rotorcraft in which lift and thrust are supplied by horizontally spinning rotors. This allows the helicopter to take off and land vertically, to hover, and to fly forward, backward and laterally. These attributes allow helicopters to be used in congested or isolated areas where fixed-wing aircraft and many forms of STOL (Short TakeOff and Landing) or STOVL (Short TakeOff and Vertical Landing) aircraft cannot perform without runway.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: A helicopter is a type of rotorcraft in which lift and thrust are supplied by one or more horizontally-spinning rotors. By contrast the autogyro (or gyroplane) and gyrodyne have a free-spinning rotor for all or part of the flight envelope, relying on a separate thrust system to propel the craft forwards, so that the airflow sets the rotor spinning to provide lift. The compound helicopter also has a separate thrust system, but continues to supply power to the rotor throughout normal flight.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: The rotor system, or more simply "rotor", is the rotating part of a helicopter that generates lift. A rotor system may be mounted horizontally, as main rotors are, providing lift vertically, or it may be mounted vertically, such as a tail rotor, to provide horizontal thrust to counteract torque from the main rotors. The rotor consists of a mast, hub and rotor blades.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: The mast is a cylindrical metal shaft that extends upwards from the transmission. At the top of the mast is the attachment point for the rotor blades called the hub. Main rotor systems are classified according to how the rotor blades are attached and move relative to the hub. There are three basic types: hingeless, fully articulated, and teetering; although some modern rotor systems use a combination of these.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: Most helicopters have a single main rotor, but torque created by its aerodynamic drag must be countered by an opposed torque. The design that Igor Sikorsky settled on for his VS-300 was a smaller tail rotor. The tail rotor pushes or pulls against the tail to counter the torque effect, and this has become the most common configuration for helicopter design, usually at the end of a "tail boom".

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: Some helicopters use other anti-torque controls instead of the tail rotor, such as the ducted fan (called "Fenestron" or "FANTAIL") and NOTAR. NOTAR provides anti-torque similar to the way a wing develops lift through the use of the Coandă effect on the tail boom.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: The use of two or more horizontal rotors turning in opposite directions is another configuration used to counteract the effects of torque on the aircraft without relying on an anti-torque tail rotor. This allows the power normally required to be diverted for the tail rotor to be applied fully to the main rotors, increasing the aircraft's power efficiency and lifting capacity. There are several common configurations that use the counter-rotating effect to benefit the rotorcraft:

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: Special jet engines developed to drive the rotor from the rotor tips are referred to as tip jets. Tip jets powered by a remote compressor are referred to as cold tip jets, while those powered by combustion exhaust are referred to as hot tip jets. An example of a cold jet helicopter is the Sud-Ouest Djinn, and an example of the hot tip jet helicopter is the YH-32 Hornet.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: Some radio-controlled helicopters and smaller, helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicles, use electric motors or motorcycle engines. Radio-controlled helicopters may also have piston engines that use fuels other than gasoline, such as nitromethane. Some turbine engines commonly used in helicopters can also use biodiesel instead of jet fuel.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: A helicopter has four flight control inputs. These are the cyclic, the collective, the anti-torque pedals, and the throttle. The cyclic control is usually located between the pilot's legs and is commonly called the "cyclic stick" or just "cyclic". On most helicopters, the cyclic is similar to a joystick. However, the Robinson R22 and Robinson R44 have a unique teetering bar cyclic control system and a few helicopters have a cyclic control that descends into the cockpit from overhead.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: The control is called the cyclic because it changes cyclic pitch of the main blades. The result is to tilt the rotor disk in a particular direction, resulting in the helicopter moving in that direction. If the pilot pushes the cyclic forward, the rotor disk tilts forward, and the rotor produces a thrust in the forward direction. If the pilot pushes the cyclic to the side, the rotor disk tilts to that side and produces thrust in that direction, causing the helicopter to hover sideways.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: The collective pitch control or "collective" is located on the left side of the pilot's seat with a settable friction control to prevent inadvertent movement. The collective changes the pitch angle of all the main rotor blades collectively (i.e. all at the same time) and independently of their position. Therefore, if a collective input is made, all the blades change equally, and the result is the helicopter increasing or decreasing in altitude.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: A swashplate controls the collective and cyclic pitch of the main blades. The swashplate moves up and down, along the main shaft, to change the pitch of both blades. This causes the helicopter to push air downward or upward, depending on the angle of attack. The swashplate can also change its angle to move the blades angle forwards or backwards, or left and right, to make the helicopter move in those directions.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: A compound helicopter has an additional system for thrust and, typically, small stub fixed wings. This offloads the rotor in cruise, which allows its rotation to be slowed down, thus increasing the maximum speed of the aircraft. The Lockheed AH-56A Cheyenne diverted up to 90% of its engine power to a pusher propeller during forward flight.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: There are three basic flight conditions for a helicopter: hover, forward flight and the transition between the two.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: As a helicopter moves from hover to forward flight it enters a state called translational lift which provides extra lift without increasing power. This state, most typically, occurs when the airspeed reaches approximately , and may be necessary for a helicopter to obtain flight.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: The largest single non-combat helicopter operation in history was the disaster management operation following the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster. Hundreds of pilots were involved in airdrop and observation missions, making dozens of sorties a day for several months.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: Police departments and other law enforcement agencies use helicopters to pursue suspects. Since helicopters can achieve a unique aerial view, they are often used in conjunction with police on the ground to report on suspects' locations and movements. They are often mounted with lighting and heat-sensing equipment for night pursuits.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: Oil companies charter helicopters to move workers and parts quickly to remote drilling sites located at sea or in remote locations. The speed advantage over boats makes the high operating cost of helicopters cost-effective in ensuring that oil platforms continue to operate. Various companies specialize in this type of operation.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: NASA is developing the Mars Helicopter, a helicopter to be launched to survey Mars (along with a rover) in 2020. Given that the Martian atmosphere is 100 times thinner than that of Earth's, its two blades will spin at close to 3,000 revolutions a minute, approximately 10 times faster than that of a terrestrial helicopter.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: In electronic news-gathering, helicopters have provided aerial views of some major news stories, and have been doing so, from the late 1960s. Helicopters have also been used in films, both in front and behind the camera.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: In 2017, 926 civil helicopters were shipped for $3.68 Billion, led by Airbus Helicopters with $1.87 Billion for 369 rotorcraft, Leonardo Helicopters with $806 Million for 102 (first three-quarters only), Bell Helicopter with $696 Million for 132, then Robinson Helicopter with $161 Million for 305.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: By October 2018, the in-service and stored helicopter fleet of 38,570 with civil or government operators was led Robinson Helicopter with 24.7% followed by Airbus Helicopters with 24.4%, then Bell with 20.5 and Leonardo with 8.4%, Russian Helicopters with 7.7%, Sikorsky Aircraft with 7.2%, MD Helicopters with 3.4% and other with 2.2%.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: The most widespread model is the piston Robinson R44 with 5,600, then the H125/AS350 with 3,600 units, followed by the Bell 206 with 3,400.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: Most were in North America with 34.3% then in Europe with 28.0% followed by Asia-Pacific with 18.6%, Latin America with 11.6%, Africa with 5.3% and Middle East with 1.7%.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: The earliest references for vertical flight came from China. Since around 400 BC, Chinese children have played with bamboo flying toys (or Chinese top). This bamboo-copter is spun by rolling a stick attached to a rotor. The spinning creates lift, and the toy flies when released. The 4th-century AD Daoist book "Baopuzi" by Ge Hong (抱朴子 "Master who Embraces Simplicity") reportedly describes some of the ideas inherent to rotary wing aircraft.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: Designs similar to the Chinese helicopter toy appeared in some Renaissance paintings and other works. In the 18th and early 19th centuries Western scientists developed flying machines based on the Chinese toy.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: It was not until the early 1480s, when Italian polymath Leonardo da Vinci created a design for a machine that could be described as an "aerial screw", that any recorded advancement was made towards vertical flight. His notes suggested that he built small flying models, but there were no indications for any provision to stop the rotor from making the craft rotate. As scientific knowledge increased and became more accepted, people continued to pursue the idea of vertical flight.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: In July 1901, the maiden flight of Hermann Ganswindt's helicopter took place in Berlin-Schöneberg; this was probably the first heavier-than-air motor-driven flight carrying humans. A movie covering the event was taken by Max Skladanowsky, but it remains lost.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: The Danish inventor Jacob Ellehammer built the Ellehammer helicopter in 1912. It consisted of a frame equipped with two counter-rotating discs, each of which was fitted with six vanes around its circumference. After indoor tests, the aircraft was demonstrated outdoors and made several free take-offs. Experiments with the helicopter continued until September 1916, when it tipped over during take-off, destroying its rotors.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: During World War I, Austria-Hungary developed the PKZ, an experimental helicopter prototype, with two aircraft built.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: In March 1923 Time Magazine reported Thomas Edison sent Dr. George de Bothezaat a congratulations for a successful helicopter test flight. Edison wrote, "So far as I know, you have produced the first successful helicopter." The helicopter was tested at McCook's Field and remained airborne for 2 minutes and 45 seconds at a height of 15 feet.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: On 14 April 1924, Frenchman Étienne Oehmichen set the first helicopter world record recognized by the "Fédération Aéronautique Internationale" (FAI), flying his quadrotor helicopter . On 18April 1924, Pescara beat Oemichen's record, flying for a distance of (nearly ) in 4 minutes and 11 seconds (about ), maintaining a height of . On 4May, Oehmichen completed the first closed-circuit helicopter flight in 7 minutes 40 seconds with his No. 2 machine.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?


Helicopter

Context: In the US, George de Bothezat built the quadrotor helicopter de Bothezat helicopter for the United States Army Air Service but the Army cancelled the program in 1924, and the aircraft was scrapped.

Question: 헬리콥터가 최초로 발명된 사람은 누구인가?