Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: General John Hearsey came out to the parade ground to investigate, and claimed later that Mangal Pandey was in some kind of "religious frenzy". He ordered the Indian commander of the quarter guard Jemadar Ishwari Prasad to arrest Mangal Pandey, but the Jemadar refused. The quarter guard and other sepoys present, with the single exception of a soldier called Shaikh Paltu, drew back from restraining or arresting Mangal Pandey. Shaikh Paltu restrained Pandey from continuing his attack.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: After failing to incite his comrades into an open and active rebellion, Mangal Pandey tried to take his own life, by placing his musket to his chest and pulling the trigger with his toe. He managed only to wound himself. He was court-martialled on 6 April, and hanged two days later.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: The Jemadar Ishwari Prasad was sentenced to death and hanged on 21 April. The regiment was disbanded and stripped of its uniforms because it was felt that it harboured ill-feelings towards its superiors, particularly after this incident. Shaikh Paltu was promoted to the rank of havildar in the Bengal Army, but was murdered shortly before the 34th BNI dispersed.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: Sepoys in other regiments thought these punishments were harsh. The demonstration of disgrace during the formal disbanding helped foment the rebellion in view of some historians. Disgruntled ex-sepoys returned home to Awadh with a desire for revenge.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: Although there was no open revolt at Ambala, there was widespread arson during late April. Barrack buildings (especially those belonging to soldiers who had used the Enfield cartridges) and British officers' bungalows were set on fire.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: At Meerut, a large military cantonment, 2,357 Indian sepoys and 2,038 British soldiers were stationed along with 12 British-manned guns. The station held one of the largest concentrations of British troops in India and this was later to be cited as evidence that the original rising was a spontaneous outbreak rather than a pre-planned plot.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: Some sepoys (especially from the 11th Bengal Native Infantry) escorted trusted British officers and women and children to safety before joining the revolt. Some officers and their families escaped to Rampur, where they found refuge with the Nawab.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: The British historian Philip Mason notes that it was inevitable that most of the sepoys and sowars from Meerut should have made for Delhi on the night of 10 May. It was a strong walled city located only forty miles away, it was the ancient capital and present seat of the nominal Mughal Emperor and finally there were no British troops in garrison there in contrast to Meerut. No effort was made to pursue them.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: Many fugitive British officers and civilians had congregated at the Flagstaff Tower on the ridge north of Delhi, where telegraph operators were sending news of the events to other British stations. When it became clear that the help expected from Meerut was not coming, they made their way in carriages to Karnal. Those who became separated from the main body or who could not reach the Flagstaff Tower also set out for Karnal on foot. Some were helped by villagers on the way; others were killed.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: The next day, Bahadur Shah held his first formal court for many years. It was attended by many excited sepoys. The King was alarmed by the turn events had taken, but eventually accepted the sepoys' allegiance and agreed to give his countenance to the rebellion. On 16 May, up to 50 British who had been held prisoner in the palace or had been discovered hiding in the city were killed by some of the King's servants under a peepul tree in a courtyard outside the palace.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: The news of the events at Meerut and Delhi spread rapidly, provoking uprisings among sepoys and disturbances in many districts. In many cases, it was the behaviour of British military and civilian authorities themselves which precipitated disorder. Learning of the fall of Delhi, many Company administrators hastened to remove themselves, their families and servants to places of safety. At Agra, from Delhi, no fewer than 6,000 assorted non-combatants converged on the Fort.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: The military authorities also reacted in disjointed manner. Some officers trusted their sepoys, but others tried to disarm them to forestall potential uprisings. At Benares and Allahabad, the disarmings were bungled, also leading to local revolts.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: On 1 April 1858, the number of Indian soldiers in the Bengal army loyal to the Company was 80,053. However large numbers were hastily raised in the Punjab and North-West Frontier after the outbreak of the Rebellion.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: The Bombay army had three mutinies in its 29 regiments, whilst the Madras army had none at all, although elements of one of its 52 regiments refused to volunteer for service in Bengal. Nonetheless, most of southern India remained passive, with only intermittent outbreaks of violence. Many parts of the region were ruled by the Nizams or the Mysore royalty, and were thus not directly under British rule.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: The varied groups in the support and opposing of the uprising is seen as a major cause of its failure.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: The British were slow to strike back at first. It took time for troops stationed in Britain to make their way to India by sea, although some regiments moved overland through Persia from the Crimean War, and some regiments already "en route" for China were diverted to India.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: The troops of the besieging force proceeded to loot and pillage the city. A large number of the citizens were killed in retaliation for the British and Indian civilians that had been slaughtered by the rebels. During the street fighting, artillery was set up in the city's main mosque. Neighbourhoods within range were bombarded; the homes of the Muslim nobility that contained innumerable cultural, artistic, literary and monetary riches were destroyed.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: In June, sepoys under General Wheeler in Cawnpore (now Kanpur) rebelled and besieged the British entrenchment. Wheeler was not only a veteran and respected soldier but also married to an Indian woman. He had relied on his own prestige, and his cordial relations with the Nana Sahib to thwart rebellion, and took comparatively few measures to prepare fortifications and lay in supplies and ammunition.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: The killing of the women and children hardened British attitudes against the sepoys. The British public was aghast and the anti-Imperial and pro-Indian proponents lost all their support. Cawnpore became a war cry for the British and their allies for the rest of the conflict. Nana Sahib disappeared near the end of the Rebellion and it is not known what happened to him.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: On 3 February, Sir Hugh Rose broke the 3-month siege of Saugor. Thousands of local villagers welcomed him as a liberator, freeing them from rebel occupation.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: In March 1858, the Central India Field Force, led by Sir Hugh Rose, advanced on and laid siege to Jhansi. The Company forces captured the city, but the Rani fled in disguise.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: The rebellion in Bihar was mainly concentrated in the Western regions of the state; however, there were also some outbreaks of plundering and looting in Gaya district.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: One of the central figures was Kunwar Singh, the 80-year-old Rajput Zamindar of Jagdispur, whose estate was in the process of being sequestrated by the Revenue Board, instigated and assumed the leadership of revolt in Bihar. His efforts were supported by his brother Babu Amar Singh and his commander-in-chief Hare Krishna Singh.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: After receiving reinforcements, Major Eyre pursued Kunwar Singh to his palace in Jagdispur; however, Singh had left by the time Eyre's forces arrived. Eyre then proceeded to destroy the palace and the homes of Singh's brothers.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: In addition to Kunwar Singh's efforts, there were also rebellions carried out by Hussain Baksh Khan, Ghulam Ali Khan and Fateh Singh among others in Gaya, Nawada and Jehanabad districts.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: What was then referred to by the British as the Punjab was a very large administrative division, centred on Lahore. It included not only the present-day Indian and Pakistani Punjabi regions but also the North West Frontier districts bordering Afghanistan.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: The final large-scale military uprising in the Punjab took place on 9 July, when most of a brigade of sepoys at Sialkot rebelled and began to move to Delhi. They were intercepted by John Nicholson with an equal British force as they tried to cross the Ravi River. After fighting steadily but unsuccessfully for several hours, the sepoys tried to fall back across the river but became trapped on an island. Three days later, Nicholson annihilated the 1,100 trapped sepoys in the Battle of Trimmu Ghat.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: The British had been recruiting irregular units from Sikh and Pakhtun communities even before the first unrest among the Bengal units, and the numbers of these were greatly increased during the Rebellion, 34,000 fresh levies eventually being raised.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: The interior areas of Bengal proper were already experiencing growing resistance to Company rule due to the Muslim Faraizi movement.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: The authorities in British colonies with an Indian population, sepoy or civilian, took measures to secure themselves against copycat uprisings. In the Straits Settlements and Trinidad the annual Hosay processions were banned, riots broke out in penal settlements in Burma and the Settlements, in Penang the loss of a musket provoked a near riot, and security was boosted especially in locations with an Indian convict population.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: In Oudh alone, some estimates put the toll at 150,000 Indians killed during the war, with 100,000 of them being civilians. The capture of Delhi, Allahabad, Kanpur and Lucknow by British forces were followed by general massacres.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: Another notable atrocity was carried out by General Neill who massacred thousands of Indian mutineers and Indian civilians suspected of supporting the rebellion.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: Practices of torture included "searing with hot irons...dipping in wells and rivers till the victim is half suffocated... squeezing the testicles...putting pepper and red chillies in the eyes or introducing them into the private parts of men and women...prevention of sleep...nipping the flesh with pinners...suspension from the branches of a tree...imprisonment in a room used for storing lime..."

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: British soldiers also committed sexual violence against Indian women as a form of retaliation against the rebellion. As towns and cities were captured from the sepoys, the British soldiers took their revenge on Indian civilians by committing atrocities and rapes against Indian women.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: Most of the British press, outraged by the stories of alleged rape committed by the rebels against British women, as well as the killings of British civilians and wounded British soldiers, did not advocate clemency of any kind towards the Indian population. Governor General Canning ordered moderation in dealing with native sensibilities and earned the scornful sobriquet "Clemency Canning" from the press and later parts of the British public.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: In terms of sheer numbers, the casualties were much higher on the Indian side. A letter published after the fall of Delhi in the "Bombay Telegraph" and reproduced in the British press testified to the scale of the Indian casualties:

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: Edward Vibart, a 19-year-old officer whose parents, younger brothers, and two of his sisters had died in the Cawnpore massacre, recorded his experience:

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: Some British troops adopted a policy of "no prisoners". One officer, Thomas Lowe, remembered how on one occasion his unit had taken 76 prisoners – they were just too tired to carry on killing and needed a rest, he recalled. Later, after a quick trial, the prisoners were lined up with a British soldier standing a couple of yards in front of them. On the order "fire", they were all simultaneously shot, "swept... from their earthly existence".

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: The aftermath of the rebellion has been the focus of new work using Indian sources and population studies. In "The Last Mughal", historian William Dalrymple examines the effects on the Muslim population of Delhi after the city was retaken by the British and finds that intellectual and economic control of the city shifted from Muslim to Hindu hands because the British, at that time, saw an Islamic hand behind the mutiny.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: During the aftermath of the rebellion, a series of exhaustive investigations were carried out by British police and intelligence officials into reports that British women prisoners had been "dishonoured" at the Bibighar and elsewhere. One such detailed enquiry was at the direction of Lord Canning. The consensus was that there was no convincing evidence of such crimes having been committed, although numbers of British women and children had been killed outright.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: Bahadur Shah was arrested at Humanyun's tomb and tried for treason by a military commission assembled at Delhi, and exiled to Rangoon where he died in 1862, bringing the Mughal dynasty to an end. In 1877 Queen Victoria took the title of Empress of India on the advice of Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: The British increased the ratio of British to Indian soldiers within India. From 1861 Indian artillery was replaced by British units, except for a few mountain batteries. The post-rebellion changes formed the basis of the military organisation of British India until the early 20th century.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: Medals were awarded to members of the British Armed Forces and the British Indian Army during the rebellion. The 182 recipients of the Victoria Cross are listed here.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: 290,000 Indian Mutiny Medals were awarded. Clasps were awarded for the siege of Delhi and the siege and relief of Lucknow.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: The use of the term "Indian Mutiny" is considered by some Indian politicians as belittling the importance of what happened and therefore reflecting an imperialistic attitude. Others dispute this interpretation.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: To Kim A. Wagner, who has conducted the most recent survey of the literature, modern Indian historiography is yet to move beyond responding to the "prejudice" of colonial accounts. Wagner sees no reason why atrocities committed by Indians should be understated or inflated merely because these things "offend our post-colonial sensibilities".

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: A second school of thought while acknowledging the validity of the above-mentioned arguments opines that this rebellion may indeed be called a war of India's independence. The reasons advanced are:

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Indian Rebellion of 1857

Context: In 2007, a group of retired British soldiers and civilians, some of them descendants of British soldiers who died in the conflict, attempted to visit the site of the Siege of Lucknow. However, fears of violence by Indian demonstrators, supported by the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party, prevented the British visitors from visiting the site. Despite the protests, Sir Mark Havelock was able to make his way past police to visit the grave of his ancestor, General Henry Havelock.

Question: మొదటి భారత స్వాతంత్ర్య యుద్ధం ఎప్పుడు జరిగింది?


Bacteria

Context: The word "bacteria" is the plural of the New Latin ', which is the latinisation of the Ancient Greek ('), the diminutive of (""), meaning "staff, cane", because the first ones to be discovered were rod-shaped.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Bacteria do not have a membrane-bound nucleus, and their genetic material is typically a single circular bacterial chromosome of DNA located in the cytoplasm in an irregularly shaped body called the nucleoid. The nucleoid contains the chromosome with its associated proteins and RNA. Like all other organisms, bacteria contain ribosomes for the production of proteins, but the structure of the bacterial ribosome is different from that of eukaryotes and archaea.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Some bacteria produce intracellular nutrient storage granules, such as glycogen, polyphosphate, sulfur or polyhydroxyalkanoates. Bacteria such as the photosynthetic cyanobacteria, produce internal gas vacuoles, which they use to regulate their buoyancy, allowing them to move up or down into water layers with different light intensities and nutrient levels.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: There are broadly speaking two different types of cell wall in bacteria, that classify bacteria into Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria. The names originate from the reaction of cells to the Gram stain, a long-standing test for the classification of bacterial species.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: In many bacteria, an S-layer of rigidly arrayed protein molecules covers the outside of the cell. This layer provides chemical and physical protection for the cell surface and can act as a macromolecular diffusion barrier. S-layers have diverse functions and are known to act as virulence factors in "Campylobacter" species and contain surface enzymes in "Bacillus stearothermophilus".

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Flagella are rigid protein structures, about 20 nanometres in diameter and up to 20 micrometres in length, that are used for motility. Flagella are driven by the energy released by the transfer of ions down an electrochemical gradient across the cell membrane.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Glycocalyx is produced by many bacteria to surround their cells, and varies in structural complexity: ranging from a disorganised slime layer of extracellular polymeric substances to a highly structured capsule. These structures can protect cells from engulfment by eukaryotic cells such as macrophages (part of the human immune system). They can also act as antigens and be involved in cell recognition, as well as aiding attachment to surfaces and the formation of biofilms.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: The assembly of these extracellular structures is dependent on bacterial secretion systems. These transfer proteins from the cytoplasm into the periplasm or into the environment around the cell. Many types of secretion systems are known and these structures are often essential for the virulence of pathogens, so are intensively studied.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Some genera of Gram-positive bacteria, such as "Bacillus", "Clostridium", "Sporohalobacter", "Anaerobacter", and "Heliobacterium", can form highly resistant, dormant structures called "endospores". Endospores develop within the cytoplasm of the cell; generally a single endospore develops in each cell. Each endospore contains a core of DNA and ribosomes surrounded by a cortex layer and protected by a multilayer rigid coat composed of peptidoglycan and a variety of proteins.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Bacteria exhibit an extremely wide variety of metabolic types. The distribution of metabolic traits within a group of bacteria has traditionally been used to define their taxonomy, but these traits often do not correspond with modern genetic classifications. Bacterial metabolism is classified into nutritional groups on the basis of three major criteria: the source of energy, the electron donors used, and the source of carbon used for growth.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Many bacteria get their carbon from other organic carbon, called heterotrophy. Others such as cyanobacteria and some purple bacteria are autotrophic, meaning that they obtain cellular carbon by fixing carbon dioxide. In unusual circumstances, the gas methane can be used by methanotrophic bacteria as both a source of electrons and a substrate for carbon anabolism.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Bacteria genomes usually encode a few hundred to a few thousand genes. The genes in bacterial genomes are usually a single continuous stretch of DNA and although several different types of introns do exist in bacteria, these are much rarer than in eukaryotes.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Many bacteria are motile (able to move themselves) and do so using a variety of mechanisms. The best studied of these are flagella, long filaments that are turned by a motor at the base to generate propeller-like movement. The bacterial flagellum is made of about 20 proteins, with approximately another 30 proteins required for its regulation and assembly. The flagellum is a rotating structure driven by a reversible motor at the base that uses the electrochemical gradient across the membrane for power.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Two other types of bacterial motion are called twitching motility that relies on a structure called the type IV pilus, and gliding motility, that uses other mechanisms. In twitching motility, the rod-like pilus extends out from the cell, binds some substrate, and then retracts, pulling the cell forward.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Motile bacteria are attracted or repelled by certain stimuli in behaviours called "taxes": these include chemotaxis, phototaxis, energy taxis, and magnetotaxis. In one peculiar group, the myxobacteria, individual bacteria move together to form waves of cells that then differentiate to form fruiting bodies containing spores. The myxobacteria move only when on solid surfaces, unlike "E. coli", which is motile in liquid or solid media.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Several "Listeria" and "Shigella" species move inside host cells by usurping the cytoskeleton, which is normally used to move organelles inside the cell. By promoting actin polymerisation at one pole of their cells, they can form a kind of tail that pushes them through the host cell's cytoplasm.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: A few bacteria have chemical systems that generate light. This bioluminescence often occurs in bacteria that live in association with fish, and the light probably serves to attract fish or other large animals.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Bacteria often function as multicellular aggregates known as biofilms, exchanging a variety of molecular signals for inter-cell communication, and engaging in coordinated multicellular behaviour.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: The communal benefits of multicellular cooperation include a cellular division of labour, accessing resources that cannot effectively be used by single cells, collectively defending against antagonists, and optimising population survival by differentiating into distinct cell types. For example, bacteria in biofilms can have more than 500 times increased resistance to antibacterial agents than individual "planktonic" bacteria of the same species.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: One type of inter-cellular communication by a molecular signal is called quorum sensing, which serves the purpose of determining whether there is a local population density that is sufficiently high that it is productive to invest in processes that are only successful if large numbers of similar organisms behave similarly, as in excreting digestive enzymes or emitting light.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Quorum sensing allows bacteria to coordinate gene expression, and enables them to produce, release and detect autoinducers or pheromones which accumulate with the growth in cell population.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Historically, bacteria were considered a part of the Plantae, the Plant kingdom, and were called "Schizomycetes" (fission-fungi). For this reason, collective bacteria and other microorganisms in a host are often called "flora".

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: The identification of bacteria in the laboratory is particularly relevant in medicine, where the correct treatment is determined by the bacterial species causing an infection. Consequently, the need to identify human pathogens was a major impetus for the development of techniques to identify bacteria.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: The following phyla have been proposed, but have not been validly published according to the Bacteriological Code (including those that have "candidatus" status):

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Despite their apparent simplicity, bacteria can form complex associations with other organisms. These symbiotic associations can be divided into parasitism, mutualism and commensalism.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: The word "commensalism" is derived from the word "commensal", meaning "eating at the same table" and all plants and animals are colonised by commensal bacteria. In humans and other animals millions of them live on the skin, the airways, the gut and other orifices.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Referred to as "normal flora", or "commensals", these bacteria usually cause no harm but may occasionally invade other sites of the body and cause infection. "Escherichia coli" is a commensal in the human gut but can cause urinary tract infections. Similarly, streptoccoci, which are part of the normal flora of the human mouth, can cause heart disease.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Bacteria, often lactic acid bacteria, such as "Lactobacillus" species and "Lactococcus" species, in combination with yeasts and moulds, have been used for thousands of years in the preparation of fermented foods, such as cheese, pickles, soy sauce, sauerkraut, vinegar, wine and yogurt.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Bacteria can also be used in the place of pesticides in the biological pest control. This commonly involves "Bacillus thuringiensis" (also called BT), a Gram-positive, soil dwelling bacterium. Subspecies of this bacteria are used as a Lepidopteran-specific insecticides under trade names such as Dipel and Thuricide. Because of their specificity, these pesticides are regarded as environmentally friendly, with little or no effect on humans, wildlife, pollinators and most other beneficial insects.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Because of their importance for research in general, samples of bacterial strains are isolated and preserved in Biological Resource Centers. This ensures the availability of the strain to scientists worldwide.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg introduced the word "bacterium" in 1828. In fact, his "Bacterium" was a genus that contained non-spore-forming rod-shaped bacteria, as opposed to "Bacillus", a genus of spore-forming rod-shaped bacteria defined by Ehrenberg in 1835.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Robert Koch, a pioneer in medical microbiology, worked on cholera, anthrax and tuberculosis. In his research into tuberculosis Koch finally proved the germ theory, for which he received a Nobel Prize in 1905. In Koch's postulates, he set out criteria to test if an organism is the cause of a disease, and these postulates are still used today.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: Ferdinand Cohn is said to be a founder of bacteriology, studying bacteria from 1870. Cohn was the first to classify bacteria based on their morphology.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bacteria

Context: A major step forward in the study of bacteria came in 1977 when Carl Woese recognised that archaea have a separate line of evolutionary descent from bacteria. This new phylogenetic taxonomy depended on the sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA, and divided prokaryotes into two evolutionary domains, as part of the three-domain system.

Question: బ్యాక్టీరియా పై  మొట్ట మొదటిగా పరిశోధన చేసిన శాస్త్రవేత్త ఎవరు?


Bleach

Context: Bleach is the generic name for any chemical product that is used industrially or domestically to remove color from a fabric or fiber or to clean or to remove stains in a process called bleaching. It often refers, specifically, to a dilute solution of sodium hypochlorite, also called "liquid bleach".

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Many bleaches have broad spectrum bactericidal properties, making them useful for disinfecting and sterilizing and are used in swimming pool sanitation to control bacteria, viruses, and algae and in many places where sterile conditions are required. They are also used in many industrial processes, notably in the bleaching of wood pulp. Bleaches also have other minor uses like removing mildew, killing weeds, and increasing the longevity of cut flowers.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Bleaches work by reacting with many colored organic compounds, such as natural pigments, and turning them into colorless ones. While most bleaches are oxidizing agents (chemicals that can remove electrons from other molecules), some are reducing agents (that donate electrons).

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Chlorine, a powerful oxidizer, is the active agent in many household bleaches. Since pure chlorine is a toxic corrosive gas, these products usually contain hypochlorite, which releases chlorine when needed. "Bleaching powder" usually means a formulation containing calcium hypochlorite.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Oxidizing bleaching agents that do not contain chlorine are usually based on peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide, sodium percarbonate, and sodium perborate. These bleaches are called 'non-chlorine bleach,' 'oxygen bleach' or 'color-safe bleach.'

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Reducing bleaches have niche uses, such as sulfur dioxide used to bleach wool, either as gas or from solutions of sodium dithionite; and sodium borohydride.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Bleaches generally react with many other organic substances besides the intended colored pigments, so they can weaken or damage natural materials like fibers, cloth, and leather, and intentionally applied dyes such as the indigo of denim. For the same reason, ingestion of the products, breathing of the fumes, or contact with skin or eyes can cause health damage.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: The earliest form of bleaching involved spreading fabrics and cloth out in a bleachfield to be whitened by the action of the sun and water. In the 17th century, there was a significant cloth bleaching industry in Western Europe, using alternating alkaline baths (generally lye) and acid baths (such as lactic acid from sour milk, and later diluted sulfuric acid). The whole process lasted up to six months.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Louis Jacques Thénard first produced hydrogen peroxide in 1818 by reacting barium peroxide with nitric acid. Hydrogen peroxide was first used for bleaching in 1882, but did not become commercially important until after 1930. Sodium perborate as a laundry bleach has been used in Europe since the early twentieth century, and became popular in North America in the 1980s.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Colors of natural organic materials typically arise from organic pigments, such as beta carotene. Chemical bleaches work in one of two ways:

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Sunlight acts as a bleach through a process leading to similar results: high energy photons of light, often in the violet or ultraviolet range, can disrupt the bonds in the chromophore, rendering the resulting substance colorless. Extended exposure often leads to massive discoloration usually reducing the colors to white and typically very faded blue.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: The broad-spectrum effectiveness of most bleaches is due to their general chemical reactivity against organic compounds, rather than the selective inhibitory or toxic actions of antibiotics. They irreversibly denature or destroy many proteins, making them extremely versatile disinfectants.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Hypochlorite bleaches in low concentration were also found to attack bacteria by interfering with heat shock proteins on their walls. According to 2013 Home Hygiene and Health report, using bleach, whether chlorine- or peroxide-based, significantly increases germicidal efficiency of laundry even at low temperatures (30-40 degrees Celsius), which makes it possible to eliminate viruses, bacteria and fungi from variety of clothing in home setting.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Chlorine-based bleaches are found in many household "bleach" products, as well as in specialized products for hospitals, public health, water chlorination, and industrial processes.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: The grade of chlorine-based bleaches is often expressed as percent active chlorine. One gram of a 100% active chlorine bleach has the same bleaching power as one gram of elemental chlorine.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Other examples of chlorine-based bleaches, used mostly as disinfectants, are monochloramine, halazone, and sodium dichloroisocyanurate.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Peroxide-based bleaches are characterized by the peroxide chemical group, namely two oxygen atoms connected by a single bond, (–O–O–). This bond is easily broken, giving rise to very reactive oxygen species, which are the active agents of the bleach.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: In the food industry, other oxidizing products like bromates are used as flour bleaching and maturing agents.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Sodium dithionite (also known as sodium hydrosulfite) is one of the most important reductive bleaching agents. It is a white crystalline powder with a weak sulfurous odor. It can be obtained by reacting sodium bisulfite with zinc

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: It is used as such in some industrial dyeing processes to eliminate excess dye, residual oxide, and unintended pigments and for bleaching wood pulp.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: In Reversal processing, residual silver in the emulsion after the first development is reduced to a soluble silver salt using a chemical bleach, most commonly EDTA. A conventional fixer then dissolves the reduced silver but leaving the unexposed silver halide intact. This unexposed halide is then exposed to light or is chemically treated so that a second development produces a positive image. In colour and chromogenic film, this also generates a dye image in proportion to the silver.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Photographic bleaches are also used in black-and-white photography to selectively reduce silver to reduce silver density in negatives or prints. In such cases the bleach composition is typically an acid solution of potassium dichromate.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Industrial bleaching agents can be sources of concern. For example, the use of elemental chlorine in the bleaching of wood pulp produces organochlorines and persistent organic pollutants, including dioxins. According to an industry group, the use of chlorine dioxide in these processes has reduced the dioxin generation to under detectable levels. However, respiratory risk from chlorine and highly toxic chlorinated byproducts still exists.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: * The highest level cited for a concentration of carbon tetrachloride (seemingly of highest concern) is 459 micrograms per cubic meter, translating to 0.073 ppm (part per million), or 73 ppb (part per billion). The OSHA-allowable time-weighted average concentration over an eight-hour period is 10 ppm, almost 140 times higher;

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: * The OSHA highest allowable peak concentration (5-minute exposure for five minutes in a 4-hour period) is 200 ppm, twice as high as the reported highest peak level (from the headspace of a bottle of a sample of bleach plus detergent).

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Sodium hypochlorite solution, 3–6%, (common household bleach) is typically diluted for safe use when disinfecting surfaces and when used to treat drinking water.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: A weak solution of 2% household bleach in warm water is typical for sanitizing smooth surfaces prior to the brewing of beer or wine.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: US Government regulations (21 CFR 178 Subpart C) allow food processing equipment and food contact surfaces to be sanitized with solutions containing bleach, provided that the solution is allowed to drain adequately before contact with food, and that the solutions do not exceed 200 parts per million (ppm) available chlorine (for example, one tablespoon of typical household bleach containing 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, per gallon of water).

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: A 1-in-47 dilution of household bleach with water (1 part bleach to 47 parts water) is effective against many bacteria and some viruses in homes. Even "scientific-grade", commercially produced disinfection solutions such as Virocidin-X usually have sodium hypochlorite as their sole active ingredient, though they also contain surfactants (to prevent beading) and fragrances (to conceal the bleach smell).

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Diluted sodium hypochlorite at a rate of 2000–1 (0.05% concentration) may represent an efficacious, safe and affordable antimicrobial agent in the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Bleach

Context: Color safe bleach is a chemical that uses hydrogen peroxide as the active ingredient (to help remove stains) rather than sodium hypochlorite or chlorine. It also has chemicals in it that help brighten colors. Hydrogen peroxide is also used for sterilization purposes and water treatment, but its disinfectant capabilities may be limited due to the concentration in the colorsafe bleach solution as compared to other applications.

Question: బ్లీచ్ ని ఎవరు కనుగొన్నారు?


Urdu

Context: In the Delhi region of India the native language was Khariboli, whose earliest form is known as Old Hindi (or Hindavi). It belongs to the Western Hindi group of the Central Indo-Aryan languages. The contact of Hindu and Muslim cultures during the period of Islamic conquests in the Indian subcontinent (12th to 16th centuries) led to the development of Hindustani as a product of a composite Ganga-Jamuni tehzeeb.

Question: జమ్మూ అండ్ కాశ్మీర్ రాష్ట్ర అధికారిక భాష ఏది?


Urdu

Context: In cities such as Delhi, the Indian language Old Hindi began to acquire many Persian loanwords and continued to be called "Hindi" and later, also "Hindustani". In southern India (especially in Golkonda and Bijapur), a form of the language flourished in medieval India and is known as Dakhini, which contains loanwords from Telugu and Marathi. An early literary tradition of Hindavi was founded by Amir Khusrau in the late 13th century.

Question: జమ్మూ అండ్ కాశ్మీర్ రాష్ట్ర అధికారిక భాష ఏది?


Srikakulam Road railway station

Context: The Palasa–Tilaru, Srikakulam Road–Chiprupalle and Chirupalle–Alamanda sectors were electrified in 1998–99. The Srikakulam Road–Tilaru sector was electrified in 1999–2000.

Question: శ్రీకాకుళం రోడ్డు రైల్వే స్టేషన్ ను ఏ గ్రామంలో నిర్మించారు?


Srikakulam Road railway station

Context: Srikakulam Road railway station is classified as an "A–category" station with Non suburban Group -4 category in the Waltair railway division.

Question: శ్రీకాకుళం రోడ్డు రైల్వే స్టేషన్ ను ఏ గ్రామంలో నిర్మించారు?


Srikakulam Road railway station

Context: There are Special trains in Festival times which operated by South Central railway from Srikakulam to Secunderabad, Tirupati. A MEMU train services starts from This station to Palasa and Visakhapatnam. New private train to Hyderabad (Charlapalli) starts from this station.

Question: శ్రీకాకుళం రోడ్డు రైల్వే స్టేషన్ ను ఏ గ్రామంలో నిర్మించారు?


Nagaram Marupakkam

Context: Selvam (Sundar C.), a criminal, decides to turn a new life after coming out of jail. He lands a job in Hyderabad and falls in love with a dancer named Bharathi (Anuya Bhagvath). Eventually, his past catches up to him. How he gets out of the predicament forms the story.

Question: నగరం చిత్రం ఏ సంవత్సరంలో విడుదలైంది?


Chakravarthy (2017 film)

Context: Chakravarthy () is a 2017 Indian Kannada-language action crime film directed by Chintan A V, a former screenwriter, making his debut. The film stars Darshan and Deepa Sannidhi besides Kumar Bangarappa, Aditya and Srujan Lokesh playing key supporting roles. The film's score and soundtrack is composed by Arjun Janya whilst the cinematography is by Chandrashekar K S and editing by K. M. Prakash.

Question: చక్రవర్తి చిత్ర నిర్మాత ఎవరు?


Chakravarthy (2017 film)

Context: The project commenced in May 2016 at Mysuru and subsequently shot exclusive scenes at Bangkok and Malaysia. The film was released on 14 April 2017 with the shows beginning at midnight.

Question: చక్రవర్తి చిత్ర నిర్మాత ఎవరు?


Chakravarthy (2017 film)

Context: Shankar (Darshan) is care free guy having a habit of hunting Tigers in Kodagu. After his father, who is a retired army officer, sends him to Bengaluru in a search of a job, he decides to wipe out Bengaluru underworld rowdies with the help of Shetty (Kumar Bangarappa) and ACP Suryakanth (Aditya).

Question: చక్రవర్తి చిత్ర నిర్మాత ఎవరు?


Chakravarthy (2017 film)

Context: Arjun Janya has been signed on to compose the original score and soundtrack for the film. Arjun was being told to bring the retro effect in his soundtrack so as to recreate the 1980s–90s era. For this, he roped in a Mysore-based "Bharath Brass" band who are more popular for their Mysore Dasara cultural activities.

Question: చక్రవర్తి చిత్ర నిర్మాత ఎవరు?


Chakravarthy (2017 film)

Context: Arjun Janya composed the film's background and scored for its soundtrack. The lyrics for the soundtrack were penned by V. Nagendra Prasad and Umesh. The soundtrack album consists of five tracks, including one theme song.

Question: చక్రవర్తి చిత్ర నిర్మాత ఎవరు?


Chakravarthy (2017 film)

Context: The trailer of the film was released on 29 March 2017. The two-minute trailer featured no dialogues and, as revealed by the director prior to the release, was "cut with around 200 shots, which also includes the cruise, a jetski, a chopper and highlights with music and effects in the background."

Question: చక్రవర్తి చిత్ర నిర్మాత ఎవరు?


Chakravarthy (2017 film)

Context: The writer Shashiprasad SM of "Deccan Chronicle" rated the film 1.2/5 stars and stated that "Probably a similar film made in the past, which was 'quite' impressive, spoils the fun of watching this one. "And described the performance of the characters that "Darshan has poured his acting skills to his best, but largely the making of it and probably a similar film made in the past."

Question: చక్రవర్తి చిత్ర నిర్మాత ఎవరు?


Vishnu (1995 film)

Context: Vishnu finds out that Rajamanikkam and Thangadurai had an argument about splitting their properties. Former's brother-in-law Varadarajan (S. S. Chandran) took advantage of their argument managed to steal the money which was witnessed by Rajamanikkam's son, Varadarajan kills him and pins the murder on Thangadurai. In the end, baddies are exposed and killed and the friends are united.

Question: విష్ణు చలనచిత్రం ఏ సంవత్సరంలో విడుదలైంది?


Vishnu (1995 film)

Context: The music was composed by Deva. The lyrics were written by Vaali and Pulamaipithan. Tune of "Thotta Petta Rottu Mela" was lifted from "Akhiyon Mein", from the Hindi film "Raja". "Okay Okay" song's prelude music was lifted from Michael Jackson's "Will You Be There".

Question: విష్ణు చలనచిత్రం ఏ సంవత్సరంలో విడుదలైంది?


Strawberry

Context: The garden strawberry was first bred in Brittany, France, in the 1750s via a cross of "Fragaria virginiana" from eastern North America and "Fragaria chiloensis", which was brought from Chile by Amédée-François Frézier in 1714. Cultivars of "Fragaria" × "ananassa" have replaced, in commercial production, the woodland strawberry ("Fragaria vesca"), which was the first strawberry species cultivated in the early 17th century.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: The strawberry is not, from a botanical point of view, a berry. Technically, it is an aggregate accessory fruit, meaning that the fleshy part is derived not from the plant's ovaries but from the receptacle that holds the ovaries. Each apparent "seed" (achene) on the outside of the fruit is actually one of the ovaries of the flower, with a seed inside it.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: The first garden strawberry was grown in Brittany, France, during the late 18th century. Prior to this, wild strawberries and cultivated selections from wild strawberry species were the common source of the fruit.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: By the 16th century, references of cultivation of the strawberry became more common. People began using it for its supposed medicinal properties and botanists began naming the different species. In England the demand for regular strawberry farming had increased by the mid-16th century.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: The combination of strawberries and cream was created by Thomas Wolsey in the court of King Henry VIII. Instructions for growing and harvesting strawberries showed up in writing in 1578. By the end of the 16th century three European species had been cited: "F. vesca", "F. moschata", and "F. viridis". The garden strawberry was transplanted from the forests and then the plants would be propagated asexually by cutting off the runners.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: Duchesne determined "F. ananassa" to be a hybrid of "F. chiloensis" and "F. virginiana". "F. ananassa", which produces large fruits, is so named because it resembles the pineapple in smell, taste and berry shape. In England, many varieties of "F. ananassa" were produced, and they form the basis of modern varieties of strawberries currently cultivated and consumed. Further breeding were also conducted in Europe and America to improve the hardiness, disease resistance, size, and taste.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: Strawberries are often grouped according to their flowering habit. Traditionally, this has consisted of a division between "June-bearing" strawberries, which bear their fruit in the early summer and "ever-bearing" strawberries, which often bear several crops of fruit throughout the season. One plant throughout a season may produce 50 to 60 times or roughly once every three days.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: Research published in 2001 showed that strawberries actually occur in three basic flowering habits: short-day, long-day, and day-neutral. These refer to the day-length sensitivity of the plant and the type of photoperiod that induces flower formation. Day-neutral cultivars produce flowers regardless of the photoperiod.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: Strawberry cultivars vary widely in size, color, flavor, shape, degree of fertility, season of ripening, liability to disease and constitution of plant. On average, a strawberry has about 200 seeds on its external membrane. Some vary in foliage, and some vary materially in the relative development of their sexual organs. In most cases, the flowers appear hermaphroditic in structure, but function as either male or female.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: For purposes of commercial production, plants are propagated from runners and, in general, distributed as either bare root plants or plugs. Cultivation follows one of two general models—annual plasticulture, or a perennial system of matted rows or mounds. Greenhouses produce a small amount of strawberries during the off season.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: The other major method retains plants for multiple years. This is most common in colder climates. The plants are grown in rows or on mounds. This method requires lower investment and lower maintenance, overall. Yields are typically lower than in plasticulture.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: Another method uses a compost sock. Plants grown in compost socks have been shown to produce significantly more flavonoids, anthocyanins, fructose, glucose, sucrose, malic acid, and citric acid than fruit produced in the black plastic mulch or matted row systems. Similar results in an earlier study conducted by USDA confirms how compost plays a role in the bioactive qualities of two strawberry cultivars.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: Strawberries may also be propagated by seed, though this is primarily a hobby activity, and is not widely practiced commercially. A few seed-propagated cultivars have been developed for home use, and research into growing from seed commercially is ongoing. Seeds (achenes) are acquired either via commercial seed suppliers, or by collecting and saving them from the fruit.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: Strawberries can also be grown indoors in strawberry pots. Strawberries won't grow indoors in winter unless aided by a combination of blue and red LED lights. In southern lands, such as Florida, winter is the natural growing season and harvesting begins in mid-November.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: The Kashubian strawberry ("Truskawka kaszubska" or "Kaszëbskô malëna") is the first Polish fruit to be given commercial protection under EU law. It is produced in Kartuzy, Kościerzyna and Bytów counties and in the municipalities of Przywidz, Wejherowo, Luzino, Szemud, Linia, Łęczyce and Cewice in Kashubia. Only the following varieties may be sold as "kaszëbskô malëna": Senga Sengana, Elsanta, Honeoye that have been graded as Extra or Class I.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: Most strawberry plants are now fed with artificial fertilizers, both before and after harvesting, and often before planting in plasticulture.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: To maintain top quality, berries are harvested at least every other day. The berries are picked with the caps still attached and with at least half an inch of stem left. Strawberries need to remain on the plant to fully ripen because they do not continue to ripen after being picked. Rotted and overripe berries are removed to minimize insect and disease problems. The berries do not get washed until just before consumption.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: Soil test information and plant analysis results are used to determine fertility practices. Nitrogen fertilizer is needed at the beginning of every planting year. There are normally adequate levels of phosphorus and potash when fields have been fertilized for top yields. To provide more organic matter, a cover crop of wheat or rye is planted in the winter before planting the strawberries. Strawberries prefer a pH from 5.5 to 6.5, so lime is usually not applied.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: The harvesting and cleaning process has not changed substantially over time. The delicate strawberries are still harvested by hand. Grading and packing often occurs in the field, rather than in a processing facility. In large operations, strawberries are cleaned by means of water streams and shaking conveyor belts.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: Around 200 species of pests are known to attack strawberries both directly and indirectly. These pests include slugs, moths, fruit flies, chafers, strawberry root weevils, strawberry thrips, strawberry sap beetles, strawberry crown moth, mites, aphids, and others. The caterpillars of a number of species of Lepidoptera feed on strawberry plants. For example, the ghost moth is known to be a pest of the strawberry plant.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: The strawberry aphid, "Chaetosiphon fragaefolii", is a bug species found in the United States (Arizona), Argentina and Chile. It is a vector of the strawberry mild yellow-edge virus.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: The amounts of pesticides required for industrial production of strawberries ( in California per acre) have led to the strawberry leading the list of EWG's "Dirty Dozen" of pesticide-contaminated produce.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: The plants can also develop disease from temperature extremes during winter. When watering strawberries, advice has been given to water only the roots and not the leaves, as moisture on the leaves encourages growth of fungus.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: Strawberries may also often appear conjoined together or deformed due to reasons such as poor pollination.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: Strawberries are popular in home gardens, and numerous cultivars have been selected for consumption and for exhibition purposes. The following cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: In 2020, world production of strawberries was 8.9 million tonnes, led by China with 38% of the total, and the United States and Egypt as other significant producers (see table).

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: Due the relatively fragile nature of the strawberry, approximately 35 percent of the $2.2 billion United States crop was spoiled in 2020. This led to an Idaho company planning to launch gene-edited strawberries in the near future in an effort to make them more durable and hardier. In the U.S. it costs growers around $35,000 per acre to plant and $35,000 per acre to harvest strawberries now, and more durable berries might reduce the rate of spoilage.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: In the United States in 2017, the collective commercial production of strawberries, blueberries, raspberries, and blackberries was a $6 billion industry dominated by the California growing and marketing company Driscoll's. In 2017, strawberries alone were a $3.5 billion market of which 82% was for fresh fruit.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: In addition to being consumed fresh, strawberries can be frozen or made into jam or preserves, as well as dried and used in prepared foods, such as cereal bars. Strawberries and strawberry flavorings are a popular addition to dairy products, such as strawberry milk, strawberry ice cream, strawberry milkshakes/smoothies and strawberry yogurts.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: Raw strawberries are 91% water, 8% carbohydrates, 1% protein, and contain negligible fat (table). A 100 gram reference amount of strawberries supplies 33 kilocalories, is a rich source of vitamin C (71% of the Daily Value, DV), a good source of manganese (18% DV), and provides several other vitamins and dietary minerals in small amounts. Strawberries contain a modest amount of essential unsaturated fatty acids in the achene (seed) oil.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: Pelargonidin-3-glucoside is the major anthocyanin in strawberries and cyanidin-3-glucoside is found in smaller proportions. Although glucose seems to be the most common substituting sugar in strawberry anthocyanins, rutinose, arabinose, and rhamnose conjugates have been found in some strawberry cultivars.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: Purple minor pigments consisting of dimeric anthocyanins (flavanol-anthocyanin adducts : catechin(4α→8)pelargonidin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside, epicatechin(4α→8)pelargonidin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside, afzelechin(4α→8)pelargonidin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside and epiafzelechin(4α→8)pelargonidin 3-O-β-glucopyranoside) can also be found in strawberries.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: As strawberry flavor and fragrance are characteristics that may appeal to consumers, they are used widely in a variety of manufacturing, including foods, beverages, confections, perfumes and cosmetics.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: Modern strawberries are octoploid (8 sets of chromosomes). The genome sequence of the garden strawberry was published in 2019.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


Strawberry

Context: White-fruited strawberry cultivars, lacking Fra a1, may be an option for strawberry allergy sufferers. Since they lack a protein necessary for normal ripening by anthocyanin synthesis of red pigments, they do not turn the mature berries of other cultivars red. They ripen but remain white, pale yellow or "golden", appearing like immature berries; this also has the advantage of making them less attractive to birds. A virtually allergen-free cultivar named 'Sofar' is available.

Question: స్ట్రాబెర్రి  శాస్త్రీయ నామం ఏమిటి ?


The Call of the Wild

Context: The legend of Buck spreads among other Native Americans as the "Ghost Dog" of the Northland (Alaska and northwestern Canada). Each year, on the anniversary of his attack on the Yeehats, Buck returns to the former campsite where he was last with Thornton, Hans, and Pete, to mourn their deaths. Every winter, leading the wolf pack, Buck wreaks vengeance on the Yeehats "as he sings a song of the younger world, which is the song of the pack."

Question: కాల్ ఆఫ్ ది వైల్డ్ అనే నవలను ఎప్పుడు ప్రచురించారు?


The Call of the Wild

Context: California native Jack London had traveled around the United States as a hobo, returned to California to finish high school (he dropped out at age 14), and spent a year in college at Berkeley, when in 1897 he went to the Klondike by way of Alaska during the height of the Klondike Gold Rush. Later, he said of the experience: "It was in the Klondike I found myself."

Question: కాల్ ఆఫ్ ది వైల్డ్ అనే నవలను ఎప్పుడు ప్రచురించారు?


The Call of the Wild

Context: He left California in July and traveled by boat to Dyea, Alaska, where he landed and went inland. To reach the goldfields, he and his party transported their gear over the Chilkoot Pass, often carrying loads as heavy as on their backs. They were successful in staking claims to eight gold mines along the Stewart River.

Question: కాల్ ఆఫ్ ది వైల్డ్ అనే నవలను ఎప్పుడు ప్రచురించారు?


The Call of the Wild

Context: London stayed in the Klondike for almost a year, living temporarily in the frontier town of Dawson City, before moving to a nearby winter camp, where he spent the winter in a temporary shelter reading books he had brought: Charles Darwin's "On the Origin of Species" and John Milton's "Paradise Lost". In the winter of 1898, Dawson City was a city comprising about 30,000 miners, a saloon, an opera house, and a street of brothels.

Question: కాల్ ఆఫ్ ది వైల్డ్ అనే నవలను ఎప్పుడు ప్రచురించారు?


The Call of the Wild

Context: In the spring, as the annual gold stampeders began to stream in, London left. He had contracted scurvy, common in the Arctic winters where fresh produce was unavailable. When his gums began to swell he decided to return to California. With his companions, he rafted down the Yukon River, through portions of the wildest territory in the region, until they reached St. Michael. There, he hired himself out on a boat to earn return passage to San Francisco.

Question: కాల్ ఆఫ్ ది వైల్డ్ అనే నవలను ఎప్పుడు ప్రచురించారు?


The Call of the Wild

Context: Along with his contemporaries Frank Norris and Theodore Dreiser, London was influenced by the naturalism of European writers such as Émile Zola, in which themes such as heredity versus environment were explored. London's use of the genre gave it a new vibrancy, according to scholar Richard Lehan.

Question: కాల్ ఆఫ్ ది వైల్డ్ అనే నవలను ఎప్పుడు ప్రచురించారు?


The Call of the Wild

Context: London's story is a tale of survival and a return to primitivism. Pizer writes that: "the strong, the shrewd, and the cunning shall prevail when ...life is bestial".

Question: కాల్ ఆఫ్ ది వైల్డ్ అనే నవలను ఎప్పుడు ప్రచురించారు?


The Call of the Wild

Context: Pizer also finds evidence in the story of a Christian theme of love and redemption, as shown by Buck's refusal to revert to violence until after the death of Thornton, who had won Buck's love and loyalty. London, who went so far as to fight for custody of one of his own dogs, understood that loyalty between dogs (particularly working dogs) and their masters is built on trust and love.

Question: కాల్ ఆఫ్ ది వైల్డ్ అనే నవలను ఎప్పుడు ప్రచురించారు?


The Call of the Wild

Context: London also explores the idea of "nature vs. nurture". Buck, raised as a pet, is by heredity a wolf. The change of environment brings up his innate characteristics and strengths to the point where he fights for survival and becomes the leader of the pack. Pizer describes how the story reflects human nature in its prevailing theme of strength, particularly in the face of harsh circumstances.

Question: కాల్ ఆఫ్ ది వైల్డ్ అనే నవలను ఎప్పుడు ప్రచురించారు?


The Call of the Wild

Context: Doctorow sees the story as a caricature of a "bildungsroman" – in which a character learns and grows – in that Buck becomes progressively less civilized. Gianquitto explains that Buck has evolved to the point that he is ready to join a wolf pack, which has a social structure uniquely adapted to and successful in the harsh Arctic environment, unlike humans, who are weak in the harsh environment.

Question: కాల్ ఆఫ్ ది వైల్డ్ అనే నవలను ఎప్పుడు ప్రచురించారు?


The Call of the Wild

Context: The first chapter opens with the first quatrain of John Myers O'Hara's poem, "Atavism", published in 1902 in "The Bookman". The stanza outlines one of the main motifs of "The Call of the Wild": that Buck when removed from the "sun-kissed" Santa Clara Valley where he was raised, will revert to his wolf heritage with its innate instincts and characteristics.

Question: కాల్ ఆఫ్ ది వైల్డ్ అనే నవలను ఎప్పుడు ప్రచురించారు?


The Call of the Wild

Context: The characters too are symbolic of types. Charles, Hal, and Mercedes symbolize vanity and ignorance, while Thornton and his companions represent loyalty, purity, and love. Much of the imagery is stark and simple, with an emphasis on images of cold, snow, ice, darkness, meat, and blood.

Question: కాల్ ఆఫ్ ది వైల్డ్ అనే నవలను ఎప్పుడు ప్రచురించారు?


The Call of the Wild

Context: London varied his prose style to reflect the action. He wrote in an over-affected style in his descriptions of Charles, Hal, and Mercedes' camp as a reflection of their intrusion into the wilderness. Conversely, when describing Buck and his actions, London wrote in a style that was pared down and simple—a style that would influence and be the forebear of Hemingway's style.

Question: కాల్ ఆఫ్ ది వైల్డ్ అనే నవలను ఎప్పుడు ప్రచురించారు?


The Call of the Wild

Context: The story was written as a frontier adventure and in such a way that it worked well as a serial. As Doctorow points out, it is good episodic writing that embodies the style of magazine adventure writing popular in that period. "It leaves us with satisfaction at its outcome, a story well and truly told," he said.

Question: కాల్ ఆఫ్ ది వైల్డ్ అనే నవలను ఎప్పుడు ప్రచురించారు?


The Call of the Wild

Context: The book secured London a place in the canon of American literature. The first printing of 10,000 copies sold out immediately; it is still one of the best-known stories written by an American author and continues to be read and taught in schools. It has been published in 47 languages. London's first success, the book secured his prospects as a writer and gained him a readership that stayed with him throughout his career.

Question: కాల్ ఆఫ్ ది వైల్డ్ అనే నవలను ఎప్పుడు ప్రచురించారు?


The Call of the Wild

Context: After the success of "The Call of the Wild", London wrote to Macmillan in 1904 proposing a second book ("White Fang") in which he wanted to describe the opposite of Buck: a dog that transforms from wild to tame: "I'm going to reverse the process...Instead of devolution of decivilization ... I'm going to give the evolution, the civilization of a dog."

Question: కాల్ ఆఫ్ ది వైల్డ్ అనే నవలను ఎప్పుడు ప్రచురించారు?


Daksha

Context: In Hinduism, Daksha (Sanskrit: दक्ष, IAST: , lit. "able, dexterous, or honest one") is one of the "Prajapati", the agents of creation, as well as a divine king-rishi. He is also a "Manasputra", mind created son of the creator god Brahma. The artwork shows him as an obese man with a stocky body, protruding belly, and a handsome face or the head of a goat. Scriptures mention two Daksha, born in two different Manvantara (ages).

Question: దక్షుడి తండ్రి పేరు ఏంటి?


Daksha

Context: The meaning of the word "Daksha" (दक्ष) is "able", "expert", "skillful" or "honest". According to the Bhagavata Purana, Daksha got this name as he was talented in producing offerings. The word also means "fit", "energetic" and "fire".

Question: దక్షుడి తండ్రి పేరు ఏంటి?


Daksha

Context: According to most Hindu texts, there were two births of Daksha, one emerging from the creator god Brahma, another who was his reincarnation, born to the brothers Prachetas and Marisha.

Question: దక్షుడి తండ్రి పేరు ఏంటి?


Daksha

Context: The "Mahabharata" describes Daksha and his wife emerging from the right and left thumbs of creator god Brahma respectively. According to Matsya Purana, Daksha, Dharma, Kamadeva and Agni were born from Brahma's right thumb, chest, heart and eyebrows, respectively. According to many texts including the "Bhagavata Purana", Daksha is born twice because he humiliated the god Shiva. He was a Manasputra of Brahma. After the events of Daksha yajna, he was reborn to Prachetas and Marisha.

Question: దక్షుడి తండ్రి పేరు ఏంటి?


Daksha

Context: The names and numbers of Daksha's wives are uncertain due to the difference in the textual sources. According to many scriptures, Daksha married Prasuti in his first birth and Asikni in his second birth.

Question: దక్షుడి తండ్రి పేరు ఏంటి?


Daksha

Context: Prasuti is described to be the daughter of the patriarch Svayambhuva Manu and his wife, Shatarupa. Some texts suggest that she originated from the left thumb of Brahma. Daksha and Prasuti had 16, 24 or 60 daughters.

Question: దక్షుడి తండ్రి పేరు ఏంటి?


Daksha

Context: Asikni, also referred to as Panchajani and Virani, is described to be the daughter of another Prajapati named Virana or Panchajana. Legends narrate that Daksha helped the creation using his mind, but when he found out that it did not help increase the number of species. He decided to reproduce offerings through the union of the male and female and thus, went to the Vindhyas to gain a wife. After Daksha performed a rigorous penance, the god Vishnu appeared and advised him to marry Asikni.

Question: దక్షుడి తండ్రి పేరు ఏంటి?


Daksha

Context: The number of Daksha's daughters varies from one scripture to another. With Prasuti, Daksha had 16 - 60 daughters (24 is found in most texts). All of Prasuti's daughters represent virtues of mind and body. They were married to different deities.

Question: దక్షుడి తండ్రి పేరు ఏంటి?


Daksha

Context: Another listing is found in many texts including the "Mahabharata (Harivamsa)", the "Devi Bhagavata Purana", "Brahma Vaivarta Purana" and the "Vishnu Purana". According to this version, Daksha had 60 daughters with Asikni who were the progenitors of various species.

Question: దక్షుడి తండ్రి పేరు ఏంటి?


Daksha

Context: According to Mahabharata, these daughters are announced Puttrikas since all his thousand sons became the disciples of Narada, who taught them the philosophy of Sankhya (for which they abstained themselves from reproduction). This meant that the sons of these daughters would be the kings of Daksha's territory.

Question: దక్షుడి తండ్రి పేరు ఏంటి?


Daksha

Context: After losing Tara, Chandra's lust for union grew. To satisfy his lust, he married twenty-seven daughters of Daksha, who are the twenty-seven Nakshatras or Constellations on the Moon's orbit.

Question: దక్షుడి తండ్రి పేరు ఏంటి?


Daksha

Context: Of his 27 wives, Chandra fell in love with his chief wife, Rohini. He spent most of his time with her. This enraged the other wives of Chandra and they complained about this to their father. Daksha realised Chandra's intentions and cursed him to lose his glory. Chandra felt guilty for his act and asked for forgiveness. Shiva, later partially restored Chandra's glory.

Question: దక్షుడి తండ్రి పేరు ఏంటి?


Daksha

Context: One of the daughters of Daksha (often said to be the youngest) was Sati (Dakshayani), who had always wished to marry Shiva. Daksha forbade it, but later reluctantly allowed her and she married Shiva. She found in Shiva a doting and loving husband, yet she died.

Question: దక్షుడి తండ్రి పేరు ఏంటి?


Daksha

Context: "Daksha Yagna" was an important turning point in the creation and development of sects in Hinduism. It is the story behind the 'Stala Purana' (Origin story of Temples) of Shakti Peethas. There are 51 (some say 108) Shakti Peethas shrines all over South Asia. The story replaced Goddess Sati with Shree Parvati as Shiva's consort and led to the story of Lord Ganesha and Lord Kartikeya.

Question: దక్షుడి తండ్రి పేరు ఏంటి?


Daksha

Context: Later, Shiva's anger cooled down, & he forgave Daksha & brought him back to life, but with a goat's head. Bhrigu & the others were restored their respective parts, which they lost. With Vishnu as the chief priest, Daksha offered a share of the oblations to Shiva, & the sacrifice was successfully completed.

Question: దక్షుడి తండ్రి పేరు ఏంటి?


Context: Indian Institute of Petroleum and Energy (IIPE), is a Petroleum University established in 2016, in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. IIPE is at par with IITs and IIMs, offering undergraduate courses in Petroleum and Chemical Engineering. Recently the Parliament has passed Indian Institute of Petroleum and Energy Bill, 2017 which has declared the institute as an institution of National Importance.

Question: ఆంధ్ర ప్రదేశ్ రాష్ట్రంలో ఇండియన్ ఇన్స్టిట్యూట్ ఆఫ్ పెట్రోలియం అండ్ ఎనర్జీ ఎక్కడ ఉంది?


Context: The university has been allotted of land in Vangali Village, near Sabbavaram mandal, Vishakhapatnam. IIPE has collaborated with oil majors like HPCL, IOCL, ONGC, GAIL, OIL, OIDB, BPCL, and the Ministry of Industry and Commerce and with an academic mentorship from IIT-Kharagpur till now.

Question: ఆంధ్ర ప్రదేశ్ రాష్ట్రంలో ఇండియన్ ఇన్స్టిట్యూట్ ఆఫ్ పెట్రోలియం అండ్ ఎనర్జీ ఎక్కడ ఉంది?


Context: The Minister of State (I/C) for Petroleum & Natural Gas, Shri Dharmendra Pradhan launched the website of Indian Institute of Petroleum & Energy (IIPE), Visakhapatnam on 27 May 2016

Question: ఆంధ్ర ప్రదేశ్ రాష్ట్రంలో ఇండియన్ ఇన్స్టిట్యూట్ ఆఫ్ పెట్రోలియం అండ్ ఎనర్జీ ఎక్కడ ఉంది?


Context: The first batch of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering commenced from the first week of August 2016. As of now, the maximum intake capacity for each course is 60 seats.

Question: ఆంధ్ర ప్రదేశ్ రాష్ట్రంలో ఇండియన్ ఇన్స్టిట్యూట్ ఆఫ్ పెట్రోలియం అండ్ ఎనర్జీ ఎక్కడ ఉంది?


Karnataka

Context: Karnataka (; ISO: , ) is a state in the southwestern region of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act. Originally known as the State of Mysore , it was renamed "Karnataka" in 1973. The state corresponds to the Carnatic region. Its capital and largest city is Bangalore.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Though several etymologies have been suggested for the name Karnataka, the generally accepted one is that "Karnataka" is derived from the Kannada words "karu" and "nādu", meaning "elevated land". "Karu Nadu" may also be read as "karu", meaning "black" and "nadu", meaning "region", as a reference to the black cotton soil found in the Bayalu Seeme region of the state. The British used the word Carnatic, sometimes "Karnatak", to describe both sides of peninsular India, south of the Krishna.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: With an antiquity that dates to the paleolithic, Karnataka has been home to some of the most powerful empires of ancient and medieval India. The philosophers and musical bards patronised by these empires launched socio-religious and literary movements which have endured to the present day. Karnataka has contributed significantly to both forms of Indian classical music, the Carnatic and Hindustani traditions.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: The economy of Karnataka is the sixth-largest of any Indian state with in gross domestic product and a per capita GDP of . Karnataka has the nineteenth-highest ranking among Indian states in Human Development Index.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: About of Karnataka (i.e. 16% of the state's geographic area) is covered by forests. The forests are classified as reserved, protected, unclosed, village and private forests. The percentage of forested area is slightly less than the all-India average of about 23%, and significantly less than the 33% prescribed in the National Forest Policy.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: In 2007 the state had a birth rate of 2.2%, a death rate of 0.7%, an infant mortality rate of 5.5% and a maternal mortality rate of 0.2%. The total fertility rate was 2.2.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Karnataka's private sector speciality health care competes with the best in the world. Karnataka has also established a modicum of public health services having a better record of health care and child care than most other states of India. In spite of these advances, some parts of the state still suffer from the lack of primary health care.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Karnataka has a parliamentary system of government with two democratically elected houses, the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council. The Legislative Assembly consists of 224 members who are elected for five-year terms. The Legislative Council is a permanent body of 75 members with one-third (25 members) retiring every two years.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Politics in Karnataka has been dominated by three political parties, the Indian National Congress, the Janata Dal (Secular) and the Bharatiya Janata Party. Politicians from Karnataka have played prominent roles in federal government of India with some of them having held the high positions of Prime Minister and Vice-President. Border disputes involving Karnataka's claim on the Kasaragod and Solapur districts and Maharashtra's claim on Belagavi are ongoing since the states reorganisation.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: The official has a "Ganda Berunda" in the centre. Surmounting this are four lions facing the four directions, taken from the Lion Capital of Ashoka at Sarnath. The emblem also carries two "Sharabhas" with the head of an elephant and the body of a lion.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Nearly 56% of the workforce in Karnataka is engaged in agriculture and related activities. A total of 12.31 million hectares of land, or 64.6% of the state's total area, is cultivated. Much of the agricultural output is dependent on the southwest monsoon as only 26.5% of the sown area is irrigated.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: The state has also begun to invest heavily in solar power centred on the Pavagada Solar Park. As of December 2017, the state has installed an estimated 2.2 gigawatts of block solar panelling and in January 2018 announced a tender to generate a further 1.2 gigawatts in the coming years: Karnataka Renewable Energy Development suggests that this will be based on 24 separate systems (or 'blocks') generating 50 megawatts each.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Karnataka also leads the nation in biotechnology. It is home to India's largest biocluster, with 60% of the country's biotechnology firms being based here. The state has 18,000 hectares of land under flower cultivation, an upcoming industry which supplies flowers and ornamental plants worldwide.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Seven of India's banks, Canara Bank, Syndicate Bank, Corporation Bank, Vijaya Bank, Karnataka Bank, ING Vysya Bank and the State Bank of Mysore originated in this state. The coastal districts of Udupi and Dakshina Kannada have a branch for every 500 persons—the best distribution of banks in India. In March 2002, Karnataka had 4767 branches of different banks with each branch serving 11,000 persons, which is lower than the national average of 16,000.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: A majority of the silk industry in India is headquartered in Karnataka, much of it in Doddaballapura in Bangalore Rural district and the state government intends to invest in a "Silk City" at Muddenahalli in Chikkaballapura district.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Air transport in Karnataka, as in the rest of the country, is still a fledgling but fast expanding sector. Karnataka has airports at Bangalore, Mangalore, Belgaum, Hubli, Hampi, Bellary, Gulbarga, and Mysore with international operations from Bangalore and Mangalore airports. Shimoga and Bijapur airports are being built under the UDAN Scheme.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: The state transport corporations, transports an average of 2.2 million passengers daily and employs about 25,000 people. The Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) and The Bangalore Metropolitan Transport Corporation (BMTC) headquartered in Bangalore, The Kalyana Karnataka Road Transport Corporation (KKRTC) headquartered in Gulbarga, and The North Western Karnataka Road Transport Corporation (NWKRTC) headquartered in Hubballi are the 4 state-owned transport corporations.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: "Gamaka" is another classical music genre based on Carnatic music that is practised in Karnataka. "Kannada Bhavageete" is a genre of popular music that draws inspiration from the expressionist poetry of modern poets. The Mysore school of painting has produced painters like Sundarayya, Tanjavur Kondayya, B. Venkatappa and Keshavayya. "Chitrakala Parishat" is an organisation in Karnataka dedicated to promoting painting, mainly in the Mysore painting style.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: "Saree" is the traditional dress of women in Karnataka. Women in Kodagu have a distinct style of wearing the "saree", different from the rest of Karnataka. "Dhoti", known as "Panche" in Karnataka, is the traditional attire of men. Shirt, Trousers and "Salwar kameez" are widely worn in Urban areas. "Mysore Peta" is the traditional headgear of southern Karnataka, while the "pagadi" or "pataga" (similar to the Rajasthani turban) is preferred in the northern areas of the state.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: The Jain philosophy and literature have contributed immensely to the religious and cultural landscape of Karnataka.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Islam, which had an early presence on the west coast of India as early as the tenth century, gained a foothold in Karnataka with the rise of the Bahamani and Bijapur sultanates that ruled parts of Karnataka. Christianity reached Karnataka in the sixteenth century with the arrival of the Portuguese and St. Francis Xavier in 1545.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Buddhism was popular in Karnataka during the first millennium in places such as Gulbarga and Banavasi. A chance discovery of edicts and several Mauryan relics at Sannati in Kalaburagi district in 1986 has proven that the Krishna River basin was once home to both Mahayana and Hinayana Buddhism. There are Tibetan refugee camps in Karnataka.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Mysore Dasara is celebrated as the "Nada habba" (state festival) and this is marked by major festivities at Mysore. Bangalore Karaga, celebrated in the heart of Bangalore, is the second most important festival celebrated in Karnataka. "Ugadi" (Kannada New Year), Makara Sankranti (the harvest festival), Ganesh Chaturthi, Gowri Habba, Ram Navami, Nagapanchami, Basava Jayanthi, Deepavali, and Balipadyami are the other major festivals of Karnataka.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Kannada played a crucial role in the creation of Karnataka: linguistic demographics played a major role in defining the new state in 1956. Tulu, Konkani and Kodava are other minor native languages that share a long history in the state. Urdu is spoken widely by the Muslim population. Less widely spoken languages include Beary bashe and certain languages such as Sankethi. Some of the regional languages in Karnataka are Tulu, Kodava, Konkani and Beary.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Kuvempu, the renowned Kannada poet and writer who wrote Jaya Bharata Jananiya Tanujate, the state anthem of Karnataka

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: was the first recipient of the Karnataka Ratna, the highest civilian award bestowed by the Government of Karnataka. Contemporary Kannada literature has received considerable acknowledgement in the arena of Indian literature, with eight Kannada writers winning India's highest literary honour, the Jnanpith award.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Tulu is the majority language in the coastal district of Dakshina Kannada and is the second most spoken in the Udupi district. This region is also known as Tulu Nadu. "Tulu Mahabharato", written by Arunabja in the Tigalari script, is the oldest surviving Tulu text. Tigalari script was used by Brahmins to write Sanskrit language. The use of the Kannada script for writing Tulu and non-availability of print in Tigalari script contributed to the marginalisation of Tigalari script.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: All of the state's languages are patronised and promoted by governmental and quasi-governmental bodies. The "Kannada Sahitya Parishat" and the "Kannada Sahitya Akademi" are responsible for the promotion of Kannada while the "Karnataka Konkani Sahitya Akademi", the "Tulu Sahitya Akademi" and the "Kodava Sahitya Akademi" promote their respective languages.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: As per the 2011 census, Karnataka had a literacy rate of 75.60%, with 82.85% of males and 68.13% of females in the state being literate.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: In March 2006, Karnataka had 54,529 primary schools with 252,875 teachers and 8.495 million students, and 9498 secondary schools with 92,287 teachers and 1.384 million students. There are three kinds of schools in the state, viz., government-run, private aided (financial aid is provided by the government) and private unaided (no financial aid is provided). The primary languages of instruction in most schools are Kannada and English.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: The syllabus taught in the schools is either of KSEEB (SSLC) and Pre-University Couse (PUC) of the State Syllabus, the CBSE of the Central Syllabus, CISCE, IGCSE, IB, NIOS, etc., are all defined by the Department of Public Instruction of the Government of Karnataka. The state has two Sainik Schools – Kodagu Sainik School in Kodagu and Vijayapura Sainik School in Vijayapura.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: To maximise attendance in schools, the Karnataka Government has launched a mid-day meal scheme in government and aided schools in which free lunch is provided to the students.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Statewide board examinations are conducted at the end of secondary education. Students who qualify are allowed to pursue a two-year pre-university course, after which they become eligible to pursue under-graduate degrees.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Christ University, Jain University, CMR University, Dayananda Sagar University, PES University and REVA University are notable private universities in Karnataka.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Doordarshan is the broadcaster of the Government of India and its channel DD Chandana is dedicated to Kannada. Prominent Kannada channels include Colors Kannada, Zee Kannada, Star Suvarna and Udaya TV.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Bijapur district has produced some of the best-known road cyclists in the national circuit. Premalata Sureban was part of the Indian contingent at the Perlis Open '99 in Malaysia. In recognition of the talent of cyclists in the district, the state government laid down a cycling track at the B.R. Ambedkar Stadium at a cost of .

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: The waterfalls of Karnataka and Kudremukh are considered by some to be among the "1001 Natural Wonders of the World". Jog Falls is India's tallest single-tiered waterfall with Gokak Falls, Unchalli Falls, Magod Falls, Abbey Falls and Shivanasamudra Falls among other popular waterfalls.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Karnataka

Context: Karnataka has become a center of health care tourism and has the highest number of approved health systems and alternative therapies in India. Along with some ISO certified government-owned hospitals, private institutions which provide international-quality services, Hospitals in Karnataka treat around 8,000 health tourists every year.

Question: కర్ణాటక రాష్ట్రంలో సముద్రతీర జిల్లాలు ఎన్ని ఉన్నాయి?


Steven Spielberg

Context: Steven Allan Spielberg (; born December 18, 1946) is an American film director, producer, and screenwriter. A figure of the New Hollywood era, he is the most commercially successful director of all time. Spielberg is the recipient of various accolades, including three Academy Awards (including two Best Director wins), a Kennedy Center honor, a Cecil B. DeMille Award, and an AFI Life Achievement Award. "Time" magazine named him one of the in 2013.

Question: స్టీవెన్ స్పీల్బర్గ్ దర్శకత్వం వహించిన మొదటి చిత్రం ఏది?


Steven Spielberg

Context: Spielberg's next film, "The Fabelmans", is a fictionalized account of his own childhood, which he wrote with Tony Kushner. Gabriel LaBelle plays Sammy Fabelman, a character inspired by Spielberg, while Michelle Williams plays Sammy's mother, Paul Dano plays Burt Fabelman, his father, Julia Butters plays Anne Fabelman, his sister and Seth Rogen plays his favorite uncle. Filming began in Los Angeles in July 2021, and the film will be released on November 23, 2022, by Universal Pictures.

Question: స్టీవెన్ స్పీల్బర్గ్ దర్శకత్వం వహించిన మొదటి చిత్రం ఏది?


Steven Spielberg

Context: In March 2013, Spielberg announced that he was developing a miniseries based on the life of Napoleon. In May 2016, it was announced that Cary Fukunaga is in talks to direct the miniseries for HBO, from a script by David Leland based on extensive research materials accumulated by Stanley Kubrick over the years.

Question: స్టీవెన్ స్పీల్బర్గ్ దర్శకత్వం వహించిన మొదటి చిత్రం ఏది?


Steven Spielberg

Context: Spielberg was set to executive produce "Cortes", a historical miniseries written by Steven Zaillian about the Spanish conquest of the Aztec empire, and Hernán Cortés's relationship with Aztec ruler Montezuma. The script was based on an earlier one from 1965 by Oscar-winner Dalton Trumbo. Javier Bardem would play the lead role of explorer Hernán Cortés. Spielberg was previously attached to direct the project as a feature film.

Question: స్టీవెన్ స్పీల్బర్గ్ దర్శకత్వం వహించిన మొదటి చిత్రం ఏది?


Steven Spielberg

Context: Spielberg had planned to shoot a $200 million adaptation of Daniel H. Wilson's novel "Robopocalypse", adapted for the screen by Drew Goddard. Like "Lincoln", it was to be released by Disney in the U.S. and Fox overseas. Spielberg postponed production indefinitely in January 2013. In March 2018, it was announced that the film will be directed by Michael Bay.

Question: స్టీవెన్ స్పీల్బర్గ్ దర్శకత్వం వహించిన మొదటి చిత్రం ఏది?


Steven Spielberg

Context: Spielberg was set to film an adaptation of David Kertzer's "The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara" in early 2017, for release at the end of that year, but production has been postponed. It was first announced in 2014, with Tony Kushner adapting the book for the screen. Mark Rylance, in his fourth collaboration with Spielberg, was announced to star in the role of Pope Pius IX. Spielberg saw more than 2,000 children to play the role of Edgardo Mortara.

Question: స్టీవెన్ స్పీల్బర్గ్ దర్శకత్వం వహించిన మొదటి చిత్రం ఏది?


Steven Spielberg

Context: In February 2022 "Deadline Hollywood" reported that Spielberg was developing an original film centered around the character Frank Bullitt, a San Francisco police officer originally portrayed by Steve McQueen in the 1968 film "Bullitt". The screenplay is set to be penned by Josh Singer and McQueen's son Chad and granddaughter Molly will serve as executive producers.

Question: స్టీవెన్ స్పీల్బర్గ్ దర్శకత్వం వహించిన మొదటి చిత్రం ఏది?


Steven Spielberg

Context: Spielberg played many of LucasArts adventure games, including the first "Monkey Island" games. He owns a Wii, a PlayStation 3, a PSP, and an Xbox 360, and enjoys playing first-person shooters such as the "Medal of Honor" series and "". He dislikes the use of cutscenes in games, and thinks that natural storytelling is a challenge for game developers.

Question: స్టీవెన్ స్పీల్బర్గ్ దర్శకత్వం వహించిన మొదటి చిత్రం ఏది?


Steven Spielberg

Context: Spielberg has cited Frank Capra's "It's A Wonderful Life" (1946) as an influence on "family, community and suburbia". He enjoyed the work of Alfred Hitchcock, David Lean, John Ford, Stanley Kubrick and John Frankenheimer. In college, he was inspired by foreign films directed by Ingmar Bergman, Jacques Tati and François Truffaut. Truffaut was one of his favorite directors. Spencer Tracy has also influenced the characters of Spielberg's films, as did "The Twilight Zone" series.

Question: స్టీవెన్ స్పీల్బర్గ్ దర్శకత్వం వహించిన మొదటి చిత్రం ఏది?


Steven Spielberg

Context: Michael Kahn has edited all of Spielberg's films, except for one, since the 1970s. The director has also worked consistently with production designer Rick Carter, and writer David Koepp. Producer Kathleen Kennedy is one of the director's longest serving collaborators. Spielberg also displays loyalty to his actors, casting them repeatedly including: Tom Hanks, Harrison Ford, Mark Rylance, Richard Dreyfuss, and Tom Cruise.

Question: స్టీవెన్ స్పీల్బర్గ్ దర్శకత్వం వహించిన మొదటి చిత్రం ఏది?


Steven Spielberg

Context: Kaminski continued working with Spielberg receiving three more Oscar nominations for his work on the war film "War Horse" (2011), the historical epic "Lincoln", and the film adaptation of the 1961 film "West Side Story" (2021). The later would be Spielberg and Kaminski's first collaboration on a movie musical.

Question: స్టీవెన్ స్పీల్బర్గ్ దర్శకత్వం వహించిన మొదటి చిత్రం ఏది?


Steven Spielberg

Context: He has seven children: Jessica Capshaw (born August 9, 1976), Max Samuel Spielberg (born June 13, 1985), Sasha Rebecca Spielberg (born May 14, 1990), Sawyer Avery Spielberg (born March 10, 1992), and Destry Allyn Spielberg (born December 1, 1996). He has two adopted children: Theo Spielberg (born August 21, 1988), and Mikaela George (born February 28, 1996).

Question: స్టీవెన్ స్పీల్బర్గ్ దర్శకత్వం వహించిన మొదటి చిత్రం ఏది?


Steven Spielberg

Context: In 2013, Spielberg purchased the mega-yacht "The" "Seven Seas" for US$182 million. He has put it up for sale and has made it available for charter. At US$1.2 million per month, it is one of the most expensive charters on the market. He has ordered a new yacht at a reported US$250 million.

Question: స్టీవెన్ స్పీల్బర్గ్ దర్శకత్వం వహించిన మొదటి చిత్రం ఏది?