def predict(self, x: np.ndarray, **kwargs) -> np.ndarray:
        """
        Perform prediction using the adversarially trained classifier.

        :param x: Input samples.
        :param kwargs: Other parameters to be passed on to the `predict` function of the classifier.
        :return: Predictions for test set.
        """
        if self.classifier.model.forward_mode != "concrete":
            raise ValueError(
                "For normal predictions, the model must be running in concrete mode. If an abstract "
                "prediction is wanted then use predict_zonotopes instead"
            )

        return self.classifier.predict(x, **kwargs)

        Perform prediction using the adversarially trained classifier.

        :param x: Input samples.
        :param kwargs: Other parameters to be passed on to the `predict` function of the classifier.
        :return: Predictions for test set.
        
art/defences/trainer/certified_adversarial_trainer_pytorch.py