def filter_by_size(indices, dataset, max_positions, raise_exception=False):
    """
    [deprecated] Filter indices based on their size.
    Use `FairseqDataset::filter_indices_by_size` instead.

    Args:
        indices (List[int]): ordered list of dataset indices
        dataset (FairseqDataset): fairseq dataset instance
        max_positions (tuple): filter elements larger than this size.
            Comparisons are done component-wise.
        raise_exception (bool, optional): if ``True``, raise an exception if
            any elements are filtered (default: False).
    """
    warnings.warn(
        "data_utils.filter_by_size is deprecated. "
        "Use `FairseqDataset::filter_indices_by_size` instead.",
        stacklevel=2,
    )
    if isinstance(max_positions, float) or isinstance(max_positions, int):
        if hasattr(dataset, "sizes") and isinstance(dataset.sizes, np.ndarray):
            ignored = indices[dataset.sizes[indices] > max_positions].tolist()
            indices = indices[dataset.sizes[indices] <= max_positions]
        elif (
            hasattr(dataset, "sizes")
            and isinstance(dataset.sizes, list)
            and len(dataset.sizes) == 1
        ):
            ignored = indices[dataset.sizes[0][indices] > max_positions].tolist()
            indices = indices[dataset.sizes[0][indices] <= max_positions]
        else:
            indices, ignored = _filter_by_size_dynamic(
                indices, dataset.size, max_positions
            )
    else:
        indices, ignored = _filter_by_size_dynamic(indices, dataset.size, max_positions)

    if len(ignored) > 0 and raise_exception:
        raise Exception(
            (
                "Size of sample #{} is invalid (={}) since max_positions={}, "
                "skip this example with --skip-invalid-size-inputs-valid-test"
            ).format(ignored[0], dataset.size(ignored[0]), max_positions)
        )
    if len(ignored) > 0:
        logger.warning(
            (
                "{} samples have invalid sizes and will be skipped, "
                "max_positions={}, first few sample ids={}"
            ).format(len(ignored), max_positions, ignored[:10])
        )
    return indices

    [deprecated] Filter indices based on their size.
    Use `FairseqDataset::filter_indices_by_size` instead.

    Args:
        indices (List[int]): ordered list of dataset indices
        dataset (FairseqDataset): fairseq dataset instance
        max_positions (tuple): filter elements larger than this size.
            Comparisons are done component-wise.
        raise_exception (bool, optional): if ``True``, raise an exception if
            any elements are filtered (default: False).
    
understand_icl/fairseq/fairseq/data/data_utils.py